Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring an object using a coordinate measuring machine locates the object using logic associated with the coordinate measurement machine. In response to locating the object, a controller directs a measuring device of the coordinate measuring machine to measure the object.

Abstract: Processing is performed from the front end of a bulb to a connection portion with a shaft along an inclined surface of the bulb, using a rotary tool that is inclined at an angle formed by a connection point of a radius of the shaft with a radius of the bulb and the front end of the bulb; then, processing of the shaft is performed, and a stylus is manufactured.

Abstract: A shape memory effect measuring apparatus useful for tensile stress, strain and recovery stress measurement comprising a load cell, LVDT (Linear variable displacement transducer), temperature sensor, rigid platform, a PC based data recorder and processing system developed for load cell, temperature sensor, load frame, grips to hold sample and a liquid bath. The instrument has the provision of sample testing in the controlled uniform temperature and defined liquid environment. The liquid bath is mounted on the rigid stand platform to hold the liquid bath. Sample and holding grips are submerged in the liquid. A uniform temperature of liquid is attained by controlled heating and stirring arrangement. A PC based controller is used to monitor and control the desired temperature of the sample. The holding device is used to fasten a specimen by the suitable grips.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention disclose a target material thickness measuring apparatus including: a support; and a plurality of distance measuring units mounted on the support and arranged in a first direction, the plurality of distance measuring units being configured to respectively measure thicknesses of portions of a target material at a plurality of positions in the first direction. A plurality of thickness values of different portions of the target material along a straight line can be obtained at one time, for example, by performing a single measurement of thicknesses of the portions of the target material at the plurality of positions by means of the plurality of distance measuring units, thereby improving measurement efficiency.

Abstract: A film thickness measurement device 1A includes a light emission unit 10 for emitting light onto a measurement object 100, a light detection unit 20A for detecting the wavelength-dependent intensity of reflected light, and a film thickness calculation unit 30A for determining the film thickness of a first film 102 by comparing measured spectral reflectance obtained based on the detection result in the light detection unit 20A with theoretical spectral reflectance that takes into account front surface reflectance, front surface transmissivity, and back surface reflectance. The film thickness calculation unit 30A compares the measured spectral reflectance with a plurality of values of the theoretical spectral reflectance obtained by changing the front surface reflectance value, the front surface transmissivity value, and the back surface reflectance value, and determines the film thickness of the first film 102 based on the theoretical spectral reflectance closest to the measured spectral reflectance.

Abstract: A runout calibrator for use in measuring runout of a spindle of a machine tool using at least one hydrodynamic bearing includes a head assembly with a shaft adapted at a first end for mounting in a chuck of the machine tool and a head mounted to a second end of the shaft. The head has a reflective surface and at least one line of symmetry coincident with the centerline of the shaft. The runout calibrator also includes a sensor assembly with one or more optical sensors mounted orthogonal to each other for measuring a distance between each of the one or more sensors and the head.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of measuring dynamic displacement of an object. The methods include capturing a plurality of images of a dynamically moving object. The object may include one or two color-patterned target(s) that include two rows and two columns of two contrasting colors (e.g., colors with a difference in hue values of approximately 180). The methods include identifying a reference point of the object (e.g., a center of a color-patterned target or a midpoint between the centers of two color-patterned targets) and measuring the dynamic movement (displacement) of the reference point over time. The images may be captured by a smartphone camera and the smartphone may identify and measure the dynamic movement of the reference point. In view of the constraints of smartphone hardware capabilities, the images may be cropped and/or not displayed to enable the smartphone to process the images and measure the dynamic displacement in real time.

Abstract: A dynamic mechanical analyzer and a sample fixture for a dynamic mechanical analyzer that attaches fixed clamps in the sample fixture to a rigid frame using mounts that are compliant in the direction perpendicular to the sample displacement but which at the same time are resistant to rotation about the transverse direction of the sample. The compliant mounts include a pair of flexures that are attached to each fixed clamp and to the frame of the sample fixture. In an embodiment, the pair of flexures are thin flat members such that each pair constitutes two parallel leaf springs. The flexures flex to allow the fixed clamps to move perpendicularly to the sample displacement, but at the same time prevent rotation of the fixed clamps.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to an adaptable depth sensing (DS) system. A DS device may comprise a DS equipment module and a control module. The control module may configure the operational mode of the DS equipment module for close-range sensing, mid-range sensing or long-range sensing. The control module may receive at least depth data from the DS equipment module for determining the mode of operation. The control module may also receive condition data regarding the DS device and/or a host device to which the DS device is coupled, determine a configuration based on the condition data, and may utilize the condition data along with the depth data to configure the DS equipment module. Configuring the DS equipment module may comprise, for example, enabling components within the DS equipment module, configuring focus for the components, configuring image orientation for the components and/or selecting a DS methodology for the components.

Abstract: A depth information extracting device according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises a projecting unit that discontinuously projects IR (InfraRed) light of a predetermined pattern; a camera unit that captures images; and a signal processing unit that performs depth information extraction and RGB image information extraction by using the images captured by the camera unit, wherein the signal processing unit extracts depth information by using an image received during a first time interval and extracts RGB image information by using an image received during a second time interval.

Abstract: A shape sensing system includes a processor (303) coupled to a memory storage device (116) A predictive model module (150) is stored in the memory storage device and is configured to receive shape sensing measurements and predict next shape sensing measurements based upon current state data for a shape sensing enabled device. The predictive model module includes a Kalman filter (326) and a reference model (306). The Kalman filter employs the at least one reference model and the current state data to predict new shape data by weighting the at least one reference model versus the current state data to Improve shape data measurements.

Abstract: A method for performing three-dimensional measurements that includes: projecting with a projector of reset non-overlapping images oriented alone the one of longitudinal axis with a constant distance in between, registering the light from the projector reflected from the object using at least one camera placed with formation of a triangulation angle between the central beam of the projector and central beams of the cameras, the cameras are arranged at an angle to the projector as in the vertical and horizontal planes. Each of the images projected on the measured object is a discrete sequence of geometric elements, and the identification of images taken by the camera of these elements is made due to the projected shift. The method provides for reduced distortion of measurements for Y-axis and enhanced sensitivity for Z axis, mad almost complete elimination of errors i.e. improved accuracy at measurements.

Abstract: The shape of a specular object is measured by illumination of the object by a light field generated by two or more spaced apart layers controllable to display multiple patterns that are predetermined relative to a bounding volume within which the object is positioned. The patterns code a sparse subset of the multitude of light rays that can be generated by the layers to those that can actually reach the bounding volume. A process is described by which a sparse coding of the light rays can be derived.

Abstract: A method for measuring a wall thickness in hollow valves may include determining a wall thickness in a region of a valve stem using at least one ultrasonic sensor, wherein the one ultrasonic sensor may be oriented with respect to a surface on the valve stem in such a manner that an emitted ultrasound may be introduced into the surface in a perpendicular manner. The method may additionally or alternatively include determining a wall thickness in a region of a chamfer using the at least one ultrasonic sensor, wherein the at least one ultrasonic sensor may be positioned at a location on the chamfer at which an inner tangent in a cavity runs parallel to an outer tangent on the chamfer, and wherein the ultrasonic sensor is oriented with respect to the tangents in such a manner that an emitted ultrasound is introduced into the surface in a perpendicular manner.

Abstract: A leveling device providing a hands free means of determining measurements and leveling standards is provided. The leveling device comprises an elongated tool having a first end, a second end opposite thefirst end, a top surface, and a bottom surface opposite the top surface. At least one level is mounted to the elongated tool. A plurality of independently activatable, spring-loaded leveling buttons is mounted in the bottom surface of the tool. Upon being in a retracted position, each of the leveling buttons is flush with the bottom surface of the tool and upon being released from the retracted position into an extended position, each leveling button extends a unique predetermined distance from the bottom surface of the tool.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a target point detection method for an automatic search of at least one target point in a surveying environment in advance of a precise measurement of the at least one target point with a surveying device. In some embodiments, the surveying environment may include a plurality of points of non-interest, where a point of non-interest is a reflective object or surface, or a target comprising at least one retroreflector being positioned at each target point. In some embodiments, a method may include emitting electromagnetic radiation to illuminate retroreflectors emitted in the form of a vertical fan which is movable through a horizontal angular range; receiving signals reflected from retroreflectors within a fan-shaped detection area, determining at least a horizontal angle to the retroreflectors, assigning a time mark and/or a distance to each of the signals, and storing the detected signal in a two-dimensional data structure.

Abstract: The invention provides a surveying instrument, which comprises a horizontal rotating unit, a measuring unit installed on the horizontal rotating unit, a coupler for mechanically coupling the horizontal rotating unit with the measuring unit, and a connector for electrically connecting the horizontal rotating unit with the measuring unit, wherein the coupler couples the horizontal rotating unit with the measuring unit and can separate from each other, the connector can electrically connect the horizontal rotating unit with the measuring unit and can separate from each other, wherein the horizontal rotating unit comprises a driving unit for rotating the measuring unit, a horizontal angle detector for detecting a horizontal angle, and a horizontal angle control unit for calculating horizontal angle data based on a signal from the horizontal angle detector and for controlling the driving unit, wherein the measuring unit comprises a distance measuring unit for performing a distance measurement, a vertical angle det

Abstract: The invention provides a surveying instrument, which comprises a horizontal rotating unit and a measuring unit installed on the horizontal rotating unit, wherein the horizontal rotating unit comprises a driving unit for rotating the measuring unit, a horizontal angle detector for measuring horizontal angle data, a first synchronization data generating unit, a first storage unit and a first control unit, wherein the first synchronization data generating unit outputs first synchronization data which indicate a timing at a time of acquisition of the horizontal angle data of the horizontal angle detector, the first control unit associates the horizontal angle data with the first synchronization data and stores in the first storage unit, wherein the measuring unit comprises a distance measuring unit for performing a distance measurement, a vertical angle detector for detecting a vertical angle at a time of distance measurement, a second synchronization data generating unit, a second storage unit and a second contr

Abstract: Estimation of gyroscopic data on a mobile device is determined based on receiving a plurality of magnetometer-angle vectors from a magnetometer and receiving a plurality of accelerometer-angle vectors from an accelerometer. A plurality of matrices transform a coordinate system of the mobile device to an Earth coordinate system based on the magnetometer-angle vectors and the accelerometer-angle vectors. A plurality of estimated gyroscope vectors are then determined based on the plurality of matrices. A computer-implemented method), a program-code, and program-product, and devices for producing same are further disclosed herein.

Abstract: A single-axis resonating beam gyroscope uses a special arrangement of support tethers that maximizes the Q (quality factor) and minimizes stress sensitivity. The tethers are located at the nodal points of the beam with respect to a predetermined drive mode and are approximately one-fourth the length of the beam. Also, the tethers do not extend above or through the nodal points of the beam, which would be difficult to produce in typical MEMS fabrication processes. Embodiments typically use electrostatic drive and sense transduction. Trim electrodes may be used to compensate for any erroneous modal coupling.

Abstract: One-axis and two-axis vibratory gyroscopes include a unitary resonator structure conceptually having four beams interconnected in a cross-hatch configuration. While each beam can be considered a unitary piece of material, each beam's attachment to two cross beams conceptually divides the resonant beam into a central section between the attachment points and two tail sections aft of the attachment points. The attachment points are preferably nodal points of the beam with respect to both a drive mode shape and a sense mode shape of the beam for the resonant mode in which the resonator is configured to operate. Thus, the location where two beams intersect is preferably a nodal point for both beams. The tail sections of each beam allow the resonant mode of the resonator to be carefully configured.

Abstract: A MEMS BAW vibratory planar gyroscope having an in-plane electrode configuration for mode-alignment by utilizing alignment electrodes that have a height less than a full height of the gyroscope resonant body. Such alignment electrodes apply a force component that affects modes with both in-plane and out-of-plane movements. The gyroscope includes a resonant body having a height and a perimeter surface and electrodes disposed adjacent the exterior perimeter surface of the resonant body. At least one of the electrodes is an alignment electrode and has a height less than the height of the resonant body.

Abstract: A system and/or method for utilizing mechanical motion limiters to control proof mass amplitude in MEMS devices (e.g., MEMS devices having resonant MEMS structures, for example various implementations of gyroscopes, magnetometers, accelerometers, etc.). As a non-limiting example, amplitude control for a MEMS gyroscope proof mass may be accomplished during normal (e.g., steady state) gyroscope operation utilizing impact stops (e.g., bump stops) of various designs. As another non-limiting example, amplitude control for a MEMS gyroscope proof mass may be accomplished utilizing non-impact limiters (e.g., springs) of various designs, for example springs exhibiting non-linear stiffness characteristics through at least a portion of their normal range of operation.

Abstract: A method of pedestrian navigation based on an external positioning system and a Dead Reckoning (DR) system, us provided.

Abstract: A method for controlling an antenna of a mobile communication application system based on double quaternions in MEMS inertial navigation. The method comprises: introducing an antenna control quaternion based on a navigation attitude quaternion; in each interrupt cycle of a navigation computer, updating the two quaternions respectively using a carrier system measured by a gyroscope relative to a rotation vector of an ideal platform coordinate system; in each filter cycle, correcting the error of the navigation attitude quaternion respectively using a Kalman filter; according to the relationship between the attitudes determined by the two attitude quaternions, determining the angular speed in an antenna control instruction; and finally, driving a servo system to rotate at an antenna servo control angle converted by an antenna control quaternion attitude.

Abstract: Systems and methods according to which a mobile application is running on a user's mobile device sends and receives data from a landmark navigation server. The landmark navigation server is coupled to a database that stores landmarks located along a user's route. Additionally, the database can store various data about landmarks, e.g., in connection with a landmark being visible on a street. When a user launches a mobile application, the mobile application prompts the user to enter a starting location and an ending location. Information regarding the starting location and the ending location is sent to the landmark navigation server, which responds, with route information to the mobile application. Via the graphical user interface on the mobile application, the user is then presented with route information, the route information including a heading direction and an orientation with respect to one or more landmarks located along the user's route.

Abstract: A navigation method for indoor escaping is executed by at least one processor of an electronic device. At least three message transmitters fixed in a building around the electronic device are connected with the electronic device. Messages are received from each message transmitter. The messages include location information of each message transmitter and a floor plan of the building. A current position of the electronic device is determined according to the location information of each message transmitter and signal strength of each connection between the electronic device and each message transmitter when receiving a fire alarm and a position of the fire. An optimal escape route is calculated according to the floor plan of the building, the position of the electronic device, and the position of the fire. Navigation is provided to a user of the electronic device to escape from the building.

Abstract: Systems and methods for calibrating odometry of a materials handling vehicle. One embodiment of a method includes determining a current location of the materials handling vehicle, determining an odometry distance from the current location to a destination based on a calculation of a determined number of rotations of a wheel and a circumference of the wheel, and determining a positioning system distance from the current location to the destination. Some embodiments include comparing the odometry distance with data from the positioning system distance to calculate a scaling factor, applying the scaling factor to a fast alpha filter to achieve a fast filter result, and applying the scaling factor to a slow alpha filter to achieve a slow filter result. Similarly, some embodiments include applying the fast alpha filter to the scaling factor to smooth noise, calculating an updated odometry distance utilizing the scaling factor, and utilizing the updated odometry distance.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program product are provided to provide navigational information in conjunction with augmented reality guidance. In the context of a method, the position of a mobile terminal is determined. The method also includes determining an orientation of the mobile terminal. Based at least in part upon the position and orientation of the mobile terminal and map data associated therewith, the method further includes providing for augmentation of a display of at least a portion of an image associated with the position. The method provides for augmentation of the display of at least the portion of the image by causing navigational information to be presented upon a sidewall surface of a structure within the image. A corresponding apparatus and computer program product are also provided.

Abstract: A request for navigation directions for travelling from a source location to a destination location is received. Using data that was stored in a memory of a computing device prior to the request, first navigation directions for travelling from the source location to the destination location are generated, and a request for navigation directions for travelling from the source location to the destination location is transmitted to an online server. After second navigation directions for travelling from the source to the destination are received, it is determined whether a difference between the first navigation directions and the second navigation directions exceeds a threshold level. When the difference between the first navigation directions and the second directions route does not exceed the threshold level, the second navigation directions are merged into the first navigation directions.

Abstract: A latency analysis system determines a latency period, such as a wait time, at a user destination. To determine the latency period, the latency analysis system receives location history from multiple user devices. With the location histories, the latency analysis system identifies points-of-interest that users have visited and determines the amount of time the user devices were at a point-of-interest. For example, the latency analysis system determines when a user device entered and exited a point-of-interest. Based on the elapsed time between entry and exit, the latency analysis system determines how long the user device was inside the point-of-interest. By averaging elapsed times for multiple user devices, the latency analysis system determines a latency period for the point-of-interest. The latency analysis system then uses the latency period to provide latency-based recommendations to a user. For example, the latency analysis system may determine a shopping route for a user.

Abstract: A system and method generates and recommends a short and pleasant path between a source s and destination d in a geo-location such as a city or city center. The routes are not only short but emotionally pleasant, offering an engaging user experience, going beyond just showing paths on a map.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a display apparatus for a vehicle, which includes a display and a processor configured to control the display to display a TBT image at a point on a route on a map displayed on the display, which corresponds to a lane in which the vehicle is being driven, by matching the TBT image to the point.

Abstract: A first destination and a first route strategy are received from a first device. The first route strategy includes a first rider destination hierarchy for a ride sharing algorithm. A second destination and a second route strategy is received from a second device. The second route strategy includes a second rider destination hierarchy for a ride sharing algorithm. A route is generated to the first destination and the second destination based on the rider destination hierarchies specified by the route strategies.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for inferring a user's intent to stop at a predefined location or breakpoint along a predetermined route, such as an exit along a highway, and to enable users to report back to systems maintaining exit or breakpoint POI data. An application executing on a user's mobile device may infer or query the user's intent upon detecting a deviation away from the route and to use this as a “check-in” at a predefined location corresponding to the point of deviation. Then further check-ins and ratings at amenities/locations associated with the exit can also be used to enhance the rating and popularity of the predefined location (e.g., highway exit) itself. The ratings and popularity of highway exits can then be exposed in applications to provide relevant content related to the highest rated or most popular breakpoints located along their route of travel.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus includes a generation section configured to generate, from a state of a mobile vehicle in each position obtained by discretizing a traveling route along which the mobile vehicle travels, a state of the mobile vehicle in a next position for each use state of drive means contained in the mobile vehicle; and an optimization section configured to optimize the use state of the drive means in each position based on at least one of states of the mobile vehicle in each position generated by the generation section.

Abstract: A unit setting apparatus sets a unit of distance used in a vehicle. A unit is set, which is indicated by map unit information, as a unit to be used, when a map unit acquisition section has acquired the map unit information. A unit is set, which is indicated by operation unit information, as a unit to be used, when the map unit acquisition section has not acquired the map unit information, and an operation unit acquisition section has acquired operation unit information. A unit is set, which is indicated by sign unit information, as a unit to be used, when the map unit acquisition section has not acquired the map unit information, the operation unit acquisition section has not acquired the operation unit information, and a sign unit acquisition section has acquired the sign unit information.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus provides a service using a sensor and image recognition in a portable terminal that supports Augmented Reality (AR). The method includes determining whether the portable terminal is parallel to ground using an acceleration sensor. When the portable terminal is parallel to the ground, either a map including nearby Point Of Interest (POI) information or constellation information is displayed.

Abstract: An entry detection apparatus includes a position detection unit that detects presence of an entry prohibited road ahead of a vehicle based on a position of the vehicle and map data including information showing, for each road section, whether the road section is an entry prohibited road section, a sign detection unit that detects whether or not a pair of no-entry signs are present on both sides of a running course of the vehicle based on an image captured by an image sensor mounted on the vehicle, and determines whether or not the vehicle has passed between the no-entry signs, and an entry determination unit that determines that the vehicle has entered the entry prohibited road if the position detection unit detects presence of the entry prohibited road, and the sign detection unit determines that the vehicle has passed between the no-entry signs.

Abstract: A navigation apparatus comprises a processing resource operably coupled to a receiver for location-related data and arranged to perform, when in use, location determination. The processing resource supports a parking location determination module he parking location determination module is arranged to determine when the location determined is substantially unchanged and to determine that the location determined constitutes a candidate parking location in response to the location determined remaining substantially unchanged relative to a predetermined period of time.

Abstract: In an approach for locating parking, a computer identifies driving directions to a destination. The computer receives a navigation input from a user to locate parking associated with the destination. The computer calculates one or more navigation paths based on the destination, wherein the one or more navigation paths include one or more street segments that connect identical starting and ending points with at least one different street segment and overall values indicating priority based on one or more weight factors associated with the one or more street segments. The computer selects a first navigation path from the calculated one or more navigation paths utilizing an ordered ranking of the one or more navigation paths. The computer provides driving directions associated with the first navigation path. The computer determines whether the user locates parking while utilizing the first navigation path.

Abstract: A system of route scheduling for a vehicle presents fuel information for a vehicle. The system receives vehicle related drive information and fuel information from the vehicle via a vehicle interface, including fuel tank capacity, a current fuel level, and fuel economy, calculates routes to points from a current vehicle position based on the drive related information of sensors, estimates first fuel amounts for reaching the points based on the calculated routes and the fuel economy, selects fuel stations within a predetermined range of the calculated routes based on their locations, estimates second fuel amounts for reaching the fuel stations based on their locations, the fuel economy and the current vehicle position, obtains fuel prices of the fuel stations from a network, and instructs a screen to display the fuel prices, the point information, the locations of the fuel stations, the fuel tank capacity and the current fuel level along with a segment.

Abstract: An insole with a nanopedometer for step counting and the measurement of information parameters obtained by the same device, as well as a shoe or sneaker with said insole.

Abstract: A wearable device has a carrier having an aperture. A device has a USB connection and a protrusion wherein the protrusion is received in the aperture to connect the device to a wristband. The device is a USB type device having athletic functionality. The device may further be configured to receive calibration data such that a measured distance may be converted to a known distance based on athletic activity performed by a user.

Abstract: A method, a filtering module, and a computer-readable medium are configured to filter measurements acquired in a sensor reference system. Filtered measurements of motion sensors and a magnetometer attached to the device may then be used to determine orientation of a device in a non-inertial reference system. The measurements are filtered in a reference system, whose position relative to the sensor system can be calculated, and in which gravity and Earth's magnetic field have substantially constant direction and magnitude during the filtering window.

Abstract: Disclosed is a sensor module, comprising: a protrusion part of a polygonal shape formed at one side; a sensing plate including a first insertion hole, formed in the protrusion part, to which a rotational shaft is coupled; and a sensing magnet including a second insertion hole, formed to correspond to the polygonal shape, in which the protrusion part is inserted and fixed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a magnetic sensor for determining position along a travel path (T) between a target (2) and a measurement system (3) for measuring the amplitude of the magnetic field created or modified by the target. The sensor comprises: a creation system for creating a magnetic field in a direction (M) perpendicular to the travel path (T) and with an intensity that varies with a parabolic relationship; a measurement system (3) comprising at least two mutually spatially offset measurement elements (3a), (3b) that are sensitive to the amplitude of the magnetic field in a given direction; and a processor circuit suitable for performing differential processing on the signals delivered by the measurement elements in order to obtain a linear variation signal giving the position of the target along the travel path.

Abstract: A sensor for motor includes: a detected plate mounted to a rotating shaft of a motor, the detected plate including a plurality of rod-shaped portions having different lengths from one another, the plurality of rod-shaped portions radially projecting from the rotating shaft; a detecting member configured to output a signal having a waveform that changes according to the rod-shaped portions passing through a front of the detecting member; and a movable member that holds the detecting member.

Abstract: A rotary steerable drilling system that is operable to drill vertical wellbores and automatically maintain a vertical wellbore drilling path. The system includes a control module for operating solenoid valves that control an amount of fluid pressure applied to bias pad piston/cylinders. The control module is operable to determine when the system is deviating from vertical, in what direction the system is deviating, and where the bias pads are in relation to the direction of deviation. Based on these determinations, the control module actuates the requisite bias pads by controlling the amount of fluid pressure applied to the bias pad piston/cylinders to direct the system back to the vertical drilling path.

Abstract: The present teaching relates to a magnetic sensor comprising an input port, a magnetic field detecting circuit that generates a magnet detection signal, an output control circuit that controls operation of the magnetic sensor, and an output port. The magnetic field detecting circuit includes a magnetic sensing element that detects an external magnetic field and output a detection signal, a signal processing element configured to amplify the detection signal and removing interference from the detection signal, and an analog-digital conversion element configured to convert the processed detection signal into a magnet detection signal, and the output control circuit controls the magnetic sensor to operate in at least one of a first state and a second state responsive to at least the magnet detection signal, wherein the signal processing element comprises an amplifier and a filter circuit, and gain of the amplifier is greater than gain of the filter circuit.