Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and systems for real-time monitoring and automated intervention of a power generation. Embodiments may include receiving operating data from components of the power generation system. A potential failure condition for the components may be determined from real-time operating data of the received operating data before an occurrence of the potential failure condition. An alert may be issued in response to determining the real-time operating data indicates a potential failure condition, and instructions for remedying the potential failure condition may be transmitted to the power generation system. An algorithm for determining whether the real-time operating data indicates the potential failure condition may be updated by using preceding operating data in response to detecting the potential failure condition.

Abstract: A cooling system of a vehicle having a fuel cell stack includes a pump for circulating a coolant in a coolant line passing through the fuel cell stack, a heater disposed on the coolant line for heating the coolant by electric power supplied by a drive motor of the vehicle, and a controller for operating the heater by a surplus electric power generated by the drive motor when a heat generation amount of the fuel cell stack is less than a first threshold value and a rotation speed of the pump is above a second threshold value, and for turning off the heater when the heat generation amount of the fuel cell stack is less than the first threshold value and the rotation speed of the pump is less than the second threshold value.

Abstract: A method for controlling starting of a fuel cell vehicle is provided. The method includes measuring a time interval for stopping of a fuel cell and a cell average voltage of the fuel cell when the fuel cell vehicle stops. A starting mode is then switched to a catalyst activating mode when the time interval exceeds a predetermined time or the cell average voltage is greater than a predetermined voltage. The cell average voltage is decreased to be less than the predetermined voltage and the fuel cell is started by supplying air to a cathode of the fuel cell.

Abstract: The solid oxide fuel cell apparatus of the present invention comprises: multiple fuel cells mutually electrically connected to each other; an outside cylindrical member for housing the multiple fuel cells; an oxidant gas supply flow path for supplying oxidant gas to the fuel cells; a fuel gas supply flow path for supplying fuel gas to the fuel cells; a reforming portion for producing fuel gas by reforming raw fuel gas using steam; an evaporating portion for producing steam supplied to the reforming portion; and a fuel gas supply pipe for supplying water evaporated by the evaporating portion; wherein the evaporating portion comprises a sloped plate for dispersing water supplied from the fuel gas supply pipe over the entire evaporating portion using capillary action.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polymer electrolyte membrane having excellent strength, a small dimensional change, and a low membrane resistance. The polymer electrolyte membrane includes a porous film and a polymer electrolyte. The porous film has a fibril/node area ratio of 90/10 to 75/25.

Abstract: The present invention relates to microbial fuel cells, which can be prepared from easily available starting material. The microbial fuel cell of the present disclosure comprises an anode chamber having an anode and a cathode chamber having a cathode. The anode chamber is filled with a mixture comprising a buffer solution, nutrients and a microbial inoculum. The cathode chamber is filled with a catholyte mediator and an electron mediator. The cathode chamber and the anode chamber are connected with each other via a salt bridge; the cathode and the anode is connected through an external electrical circuit, with the anode chamber sealed to maintain anaerobic condition and the cathode chamber is maintained in aerobic condition.

Abstract: A battery module has at least one individual cell and a housing. The individual cell has a power generating element with positive and negative electrodes stacked with a separator therebetween and sealed by a cladding material. The housing has a pair of cases that sandwiches the cell from opposite sides and a plate shaped reinforcing member joined to and reinforcing one of the cases. One of the cases has a bulging portion, a first extension portion, an inclined portion and a second extension portion. The bulging portion protrudes toward and presses the cell. The first extension portion extends transversely from the bulging portion with respect to the stacking direction. The inclined portion extends from the first extension portion while sloping toward the cell. The second extension portion extends transversely from the inclined portion with respect to the stacking direction. The second extension portion is joined to the reinforcing member.

Abstract: To provide a means for further improving cycle durability in an electrical device such as a lithium ion secondary battery including a negative electrode containing a silicon-containing negative electrode active material. An electrical device has a power generating element including a unit cell layer containing a positive electrode in which a positive electrode active material layer containing a positive electrode active material is formed on the surface of a positive electrode current collector, a negative electrode in which a negative electrode active material layer containing a silicon-containing negative electrode active material is formed on the surface of a negative electrode current collector, and a separator. The electrical device is configured such that the one or more unit cell layers constituting the power generating element satisfy formula (1): 0.

Abstract: A lithium-ion battery system includes: a lithium-ion battery including a cathode and an anode, the cathode containing a lithium manganese-nickel complex oxide as a cathode active material, and the anode containing a lithium-titanium complex oxide as an anode active material; and a charge regulation means which regulates an end-of-charge voltage Vf within a range of 3.6 V?Vf?4.0 V.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of preparing a solid electrolyte composition for a lithium secondary battery which includes: (a) mixing materials including Li2O, SiO2, TiO2, P2O5, BaO, Cs2O and V2O5; (b) melting the mixed materials; (c) rapidly cooling the molten materials at room temperature and compressing the molten materials using a preheated plate to form electrolyte glass having a predetermined thickness; (d) heating the electrolyte glass to eliminate stress at a predetermined temperature range; (e) heating the electrolyte glass to a higher temperature range higher than in the step of heating the electrolyte glass to eliminate stress to be crystallized; and (f) precisely adjusting a thickness of the electrolyte glass by lapping the electrolyte glass.

Abstract: A solid state battery includes a flexible polymer sheet, and an array of solid state pillars supported by and extending through the sheet. Each of the pillars has an anode layer, a cathode layer adjacent, and an inorganic solid electrolyte (ISE) layer interposed between the anode and cathode layers.

Abstract: To provide a means capable of further improving cycle durability in an electrical device such as a lithium ion secondary battery containing a positive electrode using a solid solution positive electrode active material. An electrical device has a power generating element containing a positive electrode in which a positive electrode active material layer containing a positive electrode active material is formed on a surface of a positive electrode current collector, a negative electrode in which a negative electrode active material layer containing a negative electrode active material is formed on a surface of a negative electrode current collector, and a separator impregnated with an electrolytic solution. The negative electrode active material layer contains a negative electrode active material represented by formula (1). The positive electrode active material layer contains a positive electrode active material (solid solution positive electrode active material) represented by formula (2).

Abstract: Electrolyte compositions containing a solvent, a co-solvent, certain cyclic carboxylic acid anhydride additives, certain phosphorus-containing additives, and an electrolyte salt are described. The electrolyte compositions are useful in electrochemical cells, such as lithium ion batteries where they provide significantly improved cycle life with no loss of discharge capacity.

Abstract: A battery is provided. The battery includes a positive electrode; a negative electrode; a separator between the positive and negative electrodes; a polymeric layer between the separator and one or both of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, the polymeric layer including an electrolytic solution comprising 13% by mass to 25% by mass of an electrolyte salt; and an exterior member housing the positive electrode, the negative electrode, the separator, and the polymeric layer, wherein the battery has a maximum attained temperature not higher than 100° C. based on a nail piercing safety test.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for regenerating the capacity of an electrochemical lithium battery, including the following steps: a) evaluating the quantity of lithium ions; b) when the evaluated lithium ion quantity is less than or equal to a threshold value, applying an electric current between the cathode or the anode and the container such as to cause the delithiation of the casing, the casing is also arranged to house an element providing both electric insulation and ionic conduction between the anode and cathode electrodes of the electrochemical cell and the casing, said casing including at least one lithium ion storage zone.

Abstract: A battery pack includes a first battery, a second battery remotely separated from the first battery, components to be shared by the batteries, and a battery housing. The batteries and the components are contained within the battery housing. The batteries may be Lithium-Ion (Li-Ion) batteries having different voltages. The components to be shared by the batteries may include a battery module controller (BMC), a common I/O (COM), a cooling system, and protection mechanisms like fuses, transient voltage suppressors, and battery disconnection devices (JB/BDU). An electronic control unit remotely separated from the battery pack is configured to communicate with the battery module controller to control operation of the battery pack.

Abstract: A battery comprises an anode, a cathode, a first reference electrode, and a second reference electrode. The battery also include an electrolyte between each of the anode, cathode, first reference electrode, and second reference electrode.

Abstract: A battery module system includes at least one cell and a battery module processor. The battery module processor may be configured to receive at least one cell signal associated with the at least one cell, wherein the at least one cell signal includes at least one of a temperature signal, a voltage signal, or a current signal. The battery module processor may be also configured to determine a status of the at least one cell based on the at least one cell signal. The battery module system may be configured to removably connect to a master/module interface, and to deliver power from the at least one cell to the master/module interface. The battery module system may be also configured to communicate, from the battery module processor, the status of the at least one cell to the master/module interface.

Abstract: Problem To estimate an accurate internal temperature of a secondary battery, regardless of the type and state of degradation of the secondary battery.

Abstract: The invention is directed to systems and methods for the recycling of lithium ion batteries or the like. The system methods include comminution and destruction of used batteries, controlling the explosive reaction of the battery components during processing, and processing the materials into a suitable form for sampling and recycling.

Abstract: A battery assembly includes a thermal plate having a pair of opposing thermal surfaces and a coolant flow field defined therebetween. Each of the thermal surfaces defines at least one threaded hole that extends into the flow field. The battery assembly further includes first and second cell arrays each disposed against a different one of the thermal surfaces and attached to the thermal plate via a fastener received in one of the threaded holes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a battery pack. The battery pack, according to one embodiment of the present invention, comprises: multiple cell modules which include cells generating electrical energy; a tray which supports the weight of the multiple cell modules; and a frame which divides the space for arranging the multiple cell modules, and which extends in the vehicle length direction and the vehicle width direction, forming a supply flow channel through which air flows.

Abstract: A battery assembly that includes a plurality of batteries. The battery assembly includes a printed circuit board integrated with plural fuses and resistors. The sizes of the resistors vary based on a distance between the batteries and a connection point to compensate for resistance differences from each battery to the connection point.

Abstract: A metal air battery system includes an oxygen supplying unit configured to discharge oxygen; a metal air battery module configured to receive the oxygen from the oxygen supplying unit and perform a discharge reaction; and an auxiliary power source configured to charge the metal air battery module during an operational stop of the metal air battery module so that at least some of a discharge product is discharged from the metal air battery module.

Abstract: A electrochemical battery including: a battery module including one or more metal air cells which use oxygen gas as a positive electrode active material; an air supply configured to supply air to the battery module and to adjust an oxygen concentration in air supplied to the battery module; and a control unit configured to control an oxygen concentration adjusting operation of the air supply unit. Also a method of operating the electrochemical battery including: supplying air to a battery module using an air supply unit, the battery module including one or more metal air cells which use oxygen in air as a positive electrode active material; and controlling the air supply unit to adjust an oxygen concentration in the air supplied to the battery module.

Abstract: Disclosed is an air electrode for a metal-air battery, the air electrode including a separator composed of a hydroxide-ion-conductive inorganic solid electrolyte being a dense ceramic material, and an air electrode layer disposed on the separator and containing an air electrode catalyst, an electron-conductive material, and a hydroxide-ion-conductive material, or containing an air electrode catalyst also serving as an electron-conductive material and a hydroxide-ion-conductive material. According to the present invention, the reaction resistance of the air electrode including the dense ceramic separator can be significantly reduced in a metal-air battery while ensuring the desired characteristics of the dense ceramic separator.

Abstract: A substrate integrated waveguide switch and a method of operating the substrate integrated waveguide switch are disclosed. In an embodiment a system includes a dielectric substrate and a switch supported by the dielectric substrate, the switch comprising at least one first transmission path, at least one first switching element in each of the at least one first transmission path, a second transmission path, and at least one second switching element in the second transmission path.

Abstract: A microwave component of cavity type includes an integral cavity and a microwave network circuit disposed in the cavity. The cavity has multiple enclosing walls and a chamber defined by said multiple enclosing walls. The chamber is intended for accommodating the microwave network circuit therein. A wiring slot is defined in at least one of the enclosing walls, and at least one first through hole extended through the chamber is provided on each wiring slot. The microwave component of cavity type features small size, simple structure, and wide application. Furthermore, cost may be reduced, batch production may be achieved, use of fasteners such as screws is avoided, and the passive inter-modulation products caused by fasteners are eliminated, as the microwave component is secured without any screws.

Abstract: The invention is a compact three-port signal combiner suitable for use in a base station having two different wireless systems. The combiner is designed as a four-port network, but one of the ports is terminated with a predetermined load, thus leaving three ports for connection to user equipment. A first port (A) receives from an antenna a first input signal comprising first and second receive bands and transmits to the antenna a first output signal comprising a transmit band. A second port (R), connected to the first wireless system, outputs to the first wireless system a second output signal comprising the first and second receive bands. A third port (T\R) outputs, to the second wireless system, a third output signal comprising the first and second receive bands and receives from the second wireless system a second input signal that is to be transmitted from the first port.

Abstract: Examples of the present invention include unreleased coupled multi-cavity resonators and transmission filters. In some examples, the resonators include resonant cavities coupled by acoustic couplers (ABGCs) and acoustic reflectors (ABRs). These acoustic components enable improved confinement of acoustic modes within the resonator to increase the quality factor (Q) and lower the motional resistance (Rx). A coupled resonator with 5 cavities coupled by 4 ABGCs can achieve a Q of 1095 while a single-cavity resonator of the same device size has a Q of 760. In some examples, the devices can be configured to work as electronic transmission filters in at least two types of filter configurations. In the transmission line filter configuration, the device can include a filter structure in an arrangement (LH)N H (LH)N, defined as a Fabry-Perot Resonator (FPR). In the multi-pole filter configuration, the device can include a filter structure in an arrangement similar to the multi-cavity resonator design.

Abstract: An antenna device includes an insulating substrate, a spiral-shaped coil conductor on a main surface of the substrate, and a routing member with first and second connection portions electrically connected to each other. At least a portion of the routing member between the first connection portion and the second connection portion faces the coil conductor. At least either of the first connection portion and the second connection portion of the routing member is connected to an inner peripheral portion or an outer peripheral portion of the coil conductor via a conductive joining material. Thus, the routing member is mounted using a conductive joining material and is surface mounted in the same way as a typical surface mount device such as an RFIC element.

Abstract: A cabinet server and a data center where the cabinet server includes multiple function node layers vertically arranged to form a server core and multiple intra-cabinet antennas vertically arranged and disposed at one side of the server core, an intra-cabinet antenna is wirelessly connected to adjacent intra-cabinet antennas. A transmission path is formed of the vertically arranged intra-cabinet antennas when a radio signal is transmitted within the cabinet server. Since the intra-cabinet antennas are disposed at the side of the server core, electromagnetic radiation generated by the radio signal in a transmission process has a relatively small effect on the function nodes, thereby reducing the effect of the electromagnetic radiation on various electronic devices in the function nodes, improving service lives of the electronic devices, and improving transmission quality of the radio signal.

Abstract: An antenna system applicable to a mobile communication device is provided in the present disclosure. The antenna system includes a metal shell with a metal frame and a metal back cover, a printed circuit board (PCB) housed in the metal shell, and an antenna part with a first feed point and a second feed point. A first break point and a second break point are formed at two opposite sides of the metal frame; a first gap and a second gap are respectively formed at two opposite sides of the metal back cover for defining a first clearance area and a second clearance area. The first feed point is located in the first clearance area and contacts a left frame portion of the metal frame; the second feed point is located in the second clearance area and contacts a right frame portion of the metal frame.

Abstract: A transformable mobile device operating in a notebook mode or a tablet mode is provided. The transformable mobile device includes a base, an upper cover, a hinge, a main antenna, and a ground metal plane. The hinge is connected between the base and the upper cover. The main antenna is disposed in the upper cover. The ground metal plane is disposed in the base, or on an outer surface of the base. The ground metal plane includes a main portion and a float portion. The float portion is completely separate from the main portion.

Abstract: An NFC antenna includes a first metal back cover and an antenna coil located on the inner side of the first metal back cover, a through-hole and a first slit are formed in the first metal back cover, the first slit is connected with one edge of the through-hole and one edge of the first metal back cover, the antenna coil surrounds the through-hole and the first slit, and one part of the antenna coil does not coincide with the first metal back cover and is not intersected with the first slit. Through the above manner, the effect of optimally changing the flow direction distribution and intensity of eddy currents can be achieved, the eddy current loops are used to enhance the performance of the antenna, and the shielding effect of the metal back is eliminated.

Abstract: An antenna system applicable to a mobile communication device is provided in the present disclosure. The antenna system includes a metal frame; a grounding unit surrounded by the metal frame, and an internal antenna. One end of the grounding unit cooperates with the metal frame to form a clearance area, and the internal antenna is located in the clearance area. The internal antenna includes a feeding portion and a radiating portion; the radiating portion is spaced from the metal frame and is coupled to the metal frame. The feeding portion is connected to a feed source via a feed line.

Abstract: The present document discloses an antenna unit and a terminal. The antenna unit disclosed by the present document includes an antenna circuit board, at least two neighboring antennas and an electromagnetic coupling module used for isolating coupling signal transmission between two neighboring antennas, wherein the electromagnetic coupling module is connected in series between the two neighboring antennas. The present document uses the electromagnetic coupling module to isolate signal transmission between the two neighboring antennas, i.e., electric signals in the two antennas are unable to be transmitted to opposite end, thereby reducing signal coupling between the neighboring antennas and improving the isolation between the two neighboring antennas.

Abstract: A node in a wireless communication network, where the node comprises at least one antenna arrangement. Each antenna arrangement in turn comprises at least four antenna devices with corresponding pairs of antenna ports which in turn comprise corresponding first antenna ports and second antenna ports. Each antenna device comprises at least one corresponding dual polarized antenna element arranged for transmitting and/or receiving signals at a first polarization via the corresponding first antenna port and for transmitting and/or receiving signals at a second polarization via the corresponding second antenna port, where the polarizations are mutually orthogonal. Each antenna arrangement further comprises at least a first transformation matrix arrangement which in turn comprises at least four corresponding virtual antenna ports. The antenna ports are at least indirectly connected to each transformation matrix arrangement.

Abstract: A degree of freedom in design of a frame member that serves as an antenna is improved without causing a decrease in antenna characteristics. A frame member (1) has a first reference electric potential connection point (6a) and a second reference electric potential connection point (6b), each of which is connected to a reference electric potential (G) of a housing. A wireless circuit (2) is connected to a feed connection point (4) located between the first and second reference electric potential connection points (6a and 6b) of the frame member (1).

Abstract: An antenna structure for mobile phone includes a branch antenna acting with a metal shell of the mobile phone, an insulating body located in the metal shell, a main antenna disposed on the insulating body to be coupled to the metal shell and having a feed portion, and a feed-line including a conductive portion welded with the feed portion. The metal shell has a back cover and a ring-shaped metal frame integrated with the back cover. A circuit board is located in the metal shell. The main antenna has a ground portion connected to a ground circuit of the circuit board, and the feed-line includes a braid portion connected with the ground circuit. The metal frame is formed into a continuous metallic loop configuration to ensure integrality and beauty of the metal shell for the mobile phone.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for phase calibration in an radio frequency (RF) module that constitutes a wireless communication device are provided. The apparatus and method include a test signal is emitted by a forward transmission antenna array of a first antenna array, and the emitted test signal, which is transferred by a member that covers the first and second antenna arrays, is received through a forward reception antenna array of the second antenna array. On the basis of the received test signal, a phase value is calibrated with regard to each of chain combinations formed by the first and second antenna arrays. Forward chain combinations that constitute the chain combination may be determined by a combination of forward transmission chains, which correspond to respective transmission antennas that constitute the forward transmission antenna array, and forward reception chains, which correspond to respective reception antennas that constitute the forward reception antenna array.

Abstract: An antenna device includes a conductor surface in which an opening having an open edge portion in communication with the outside is provided, a feed element including a first coil connected to the feed element and a second coil magnetically coupled to the first coil, a first mounting portion disposed in the open edge portion and connected to a first end of the second coil, and a second mounting portion disposed in the open edge portion in a state isolated from the first mounting portion and connected to a second end of the second coil. The first mounting portion and the conductor surface are directly or indirectly conducted to each other, and the second mounting portion and the conductor surface are directly or indirectly conducted to each other. A loop is defined around the opening through the first mounting portion, the second mounting portion, and the second coil.

Abstract: An antenna includes a first body having an array of resonators; a spacer adjacent to the first body, and a second body adjacent to the spacer such that the spacer is between the first and second bodies. The first body can be configured as an artificial metasurface ground plane and the second body can be configured as a monopole.

Abstract: A communication device includes a system ground plane, a ground element, an antenna element, and a metal guide line. The ground element is coupled to the system ground plane. The ground element has a first edge, a second edge, and a connection point. The first edge and the second edge are opposite to each other. The connection point is positioned at the second edge. The antenna element is disposed adjacent to, or at, the first edge. One end of the metal guide line is coupled to the connection point, and another end of the metal guide line is open.

Abstract: An antenna system includes a monopole antenna with a first end connected to a feed point on a printed circuit board (PCB) and a second end being electrically floating; and a matching conductive stub with a first end connected to a ground point on the PCB and a second end being electrically floating.

Abstract: An antenna module applicable to a mobile device is provided in the present disclosure. The antenna module includes a metal frame, a circuit board surrounded by the metal frame, and an antenna portion on the circuit board. The circuit board includes a main board and a ground board placed on the main board. The antenna portion includes at least one low frequency (LF) ground point and at least one high frequency (HF) ground point arranged on the ground board, and a feed point arranged on the main board. The at least one LF ground point and the at least one HF ground point contact the metal frame; a first current path length between the feed point and the at least one LF ground point is greater than a second current path length between the feed point and the at least one HF ground point.

Abstract: A ferrite antenna is disclosed. The ferrite antenna includes a ferrite core a first main face, a second main face opposite to the first main face, and side faces connecting the first and second main faces. A first plurality of conductor wires are disposed at the first main face of the ferrite core; a second plurality of conductor wires disposed at the second main face of the ferrite core. A first connection member is disposed at a first side face of the ferrite core, the first connection member including a first plurality of connection wires; and a second connection member is disposed at a second side face of the ferrite core, the second connection member including a second plurality of connection wires; wherein the first and second pluralities of conductor wires and the first and second plurality of connection wires are interconnected in such a way that they form an antenna coil, wherein the ferrite core is disposed in the interior space of the antenna coil.

Abstract: A printed multi-band antenna is provided, which may include a grounding area, a first radiating body and a second radiating body. The grounding area may connect to the grounding layer of a RF cable connecting to a RF signal module. The first radiating body may connect to the grounding area and include a first left branch and a first right branch. The first left branch may be at one side of the joint of the RF cable and the grounding area; the first right branch may be at the opposite side. The second radiating body may connect to the signal wire of the RF cable, and include a second left branch and a second right branch. The second left branch may be at one side of the joint of the RF cable, and the second radiating body and the second right branch may be at the opposite side.

Abstract: An antenna system includes an antenna body, a tunable component, and at least one of a first filter and a second filter. The antenna body is connected to the tunable component. The first filter is connected in parallel to the tunable component, and the first filter presents a high impedance characteristic in a low frequency band, and presents a low impedance characteristic in a high frequency band. The second filter is connected in series between the antenna body and the tunable component, a first end of the second filter is connected to the antenna body, and a second end of the second filter is connected to the tunable component. The second filter presents a low impedance characteristic in a low frequency band, and presents a high impedance characteristic in a high frequency band.

Abstract: Embodiments provide a base station, including an antenna unit and a radio frequency unit. A port corresponding to a receive channel that is of the radio frequency unit and in a working state and a port corresponding to a transmit channel that is of the radio frequency unit and in the working state are separately connected to ports corresponding to different dual-polarized dipoles or different single-polarized dipoles in the antenna unit. The different dual-polarized dipoles or the different single-polarized dipoles in the antenna unit are mutually isolated.