Abstract: A number of cationic antimicrobial polymers have been synthesized by a condensation polymerization in bulk. The initial polymer formed has backbone tertiary nitrogens, which are subsequently quaternized using a suitable quaternizing agent (e.g., alkyl halide). The cationic polymers include polyamides, polycarbonates, polypolyureas and polyguanidiniums having a cationic repeat unit comprising the quaternary ammonium nitrogen as a backbone nitrogen. The cationic polymers can be active against Gram-negative, Gram-positive microbes, and/or fungi.

Abstract: Reversibly water-absorbtive silicone rubbers are prepared from addition cross-likable organopolysiloxanes by means of a hydrosilylation catalyst, and initially contain anhydrous sodium sulfate, anhydrous magnesium sulfate, or a mixture thereof. The silicone rubbers are capable of absorbing large amounts of water.

Abstract: The present invention provides a silicone having a bis(trialkylsilyl)aminopropyl group at one terminal and represented by the following general formula [II]: R?R2SiO(R2SiO)mR2SiC3H6N(SiR3)2??[II] wherein m is an integer of from 1 to 200, R? is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and R is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The present invention is a curable polysilsesquioxane compound comprising at least one structural unit represented by CHR1X0-D-SiO3/2, the curable polysilsesquioxane compound having a 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum that has a first peak top within a range of ?73 ppm or more and less than ?65 ppm, has a second peak top within a range of ?82 ppm or more and less than ?73 ppm, and substantially does not have a peak within a range of ?65 ppm or more and less than ?55 ppm, and a method for producing the curable polysilsesquioxane compound, and a curable composition comprising the curable polysilsesquioxane compound and a silane coupling agent, and a cured product obtained by heating the curable composition, and a method for using the curable polysilsesquioxane compound or the curable composition, as an optical device-securing material.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a fine cellulose fiber dispersion liquid includes: an oxidation process in which a cellulose is subjected to an oxidation treatment to obtain an oxidized cellulose; and a dispersion process in which the oxidized cellulose obtained in the oxidation process is subjected to a dispersion treatment in a water-based medium in which a pH thereof is adjusted to 4 to 12 using either an ammonia water or an organic alkali to obtain the fine cellulose fiber dispersion liquid.

Abstract: A synthetic latex composition, comprising rubber particles, natural surfactants, a novel acid stable surfactant and water for use in agglomeration processes. The invention is also directed to a reproducible method for preparing agglomerated latex particles to control and achieve particle size targets within a specified range and distribution, by utilizing the inventive latex composition and process conditions, but without the use of elevated temperature, pressurization or mechanical agitation of prior art processes.

Abstract: Provided is a process for producing a wet masterbatch which, without deteriorating a reinforcing property of a rubber composition and rubber physical properties, micronizes a filler slurry by controlling an amount of functional groups on a filler surface, and improves filler dispersibility in the rubber wet masterbatch and the rubber composition. The process for producing a wet masterbatch comprises: a step of producing a slurry solution having a pH of 8 or more by dispersing carbon black having an average amount of surface acidic functional groups (?eq/m2) of 0.15 or more and less than 3.00; a step of producing a mixture by mixing the slurry solution and a rubber latex solution in a liquid phase; and a step of drying the mixture.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a superabsorbent polymer that has more improved gel strength and is improved in both water retention capacity (centrifuge retention capacity, CRC) and absorption ability under pressure (AUP) because of an optimized cross-linked structure of a base resin powder inside a cross-linked surface layer, and a preparation method thereof. The superabsorbent polymer includes a base resin powder including a 1st cross-linked polymer of a water-soluble ethylenic unsaturated monomer having acid groups of which at least a part is neutralized, and a cross-linked surface layer that includes a 2nd cross-linked polymer further cross-linked from the 1st cross-linked polymer and is formed on the base resin powder, wherein an inorganic particle is chemically bonded to the 1st cross-linked polymer by the medium of a cross-linking bond, an oxygen-containing bond (—O—), or a nitrogen-containing bond (—NR—, where R is hydrogen or a C1-C3 alkyl or an amide bond).

Abstract: Methods are described for microwave extraction of a component from a rubber-containing plant by providing a container holding a mixture of a sample of the rubber-containing plant and a solvent, placing the container holding the mixture in a vessel, irradiating the mixture in the vessel to increase the temperature of the mixture to extract the component from the sample of the rubber-containing plant into the solvent, and separating the extracted component from the solvent to quantify the amount of the component in the sample. Methods are also described for quantifying the amount of natural rubber in a sample from a rubber-containing plant and quantifying the amount of resin in a sample from a rubber-containing plant.

Abstract: The use of an aqueous polymer dispersion including at least one amorphous polymer having a Tg varying between 55° C. and 175° C. or a semi-crystalline polymer having a melting point varying between 70° C. and less than 220° C., the weight concentration of the polymer in the dispersion varying between 5 and 50%, with the polymer particles having an average size of less than 10000 nm, as a binder for impregnating strands or strips of natural fibres, in particular flax fibres, with said polymer being incorporated in the core of the fibre bundle forming the strand or strip and thereby binding the fibres together.

Abstract: Provided is a film-like epoxy resin composition including an epoxy resin (A); a curing agent (B); a cure accelerator (C); an inorganic filler (D); and an organic solvent (E) and satisfying all the following requirements (1) to (4): (1) at least one of the epoxy resin (A) and the curing agent (B) contains a component being a liquid at 25° C. in an amount of 30% by mass or more based on the total mass of the epoxy resin (A) and the curing agent (B); (2) the content of a volatile portion that volatilizes by being heated at 180° C. for 10 minutes is 0.2% to 1.5% by mass based on the total amount of the epoxy resin composition; (3) the minimum melt viscosity in temperature rising from 40° C. to 200° C. is 800 Pa·s or less; and (4) the film thickness is 50 to 500 nm.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to multilayer films having improved caulkability. These multilayer films have at least one layer containing an ethylene interpolymer product, or a blend containing an ethylene interpolymer product, where the ethylene interpolymer product has: a Dilution Index (Yd) greater than 0; total catalytic metal ?3.0 ppm; ?0.03 terminal vinyl unsaturations per 100 carbon atoms, and; optionally a Dimensionless Modulus (Xd) greater than 0. The ethylene interpolymer products have a melt index from about 0.4 to about 100 dg/minute, a density from about 0.950 to about 0.970 g/cm3, a polydispersity (Mw/Mn) from about 2 to about 25 and a CDBI50 from about 55% to about 97%. Further, the ethylene interpolymer products are a blend of at least two ethylene interpolymers; where one ethylene interpolymer is produced with a single-site catalyst formulation and at least one ethylene interpolymer is produced with a heterogeneous catalyst formulation.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a fluoropolymer hybrid organic/inorganic composite, to a process for manufacturing said fluoropolymer hybrid organic/inorganic composite and films and membranes thereof and to uses of said fluoropolymer hybrid organic/inorganic composite and films and membranes thereof in various applications.

Abstract: A method for impregnating strands or strips of natural fibres, using the following successive steps: i) the impregnation of the strands or strips by immersion in a bath containing a fine aqueous polymer dispersion; followed by ii) the drying of the strands or strips using a heating system, with the progressive elimination of the water and the gradual melting of the polymer, and the coating of the strands or strips and the molten polymer incorporated into the core of the strands or strips as a binder between the fibres; iii) optionally, the forming of the treated strands or strips into their final shape; and iv) the cooling of the treated strands or strips. The aqueous polymer dispersion comprises at least one semi-crystalline or amorphous polymer and, in the case of an amorphous polymer, has a Tg varying between 50° C. and 175° C.

Abstract: A prepreg for printed wiring boards that has a low coefficient of thermal expansion in a plane direction, has excellent heat resistance and drilling workability, and, at the same time, can retain a high level of flame retardance includes a base material, a resin composition impregnated into or coated on the base material, and huntite. The resin includes (A) an inorganic filler that is a mixture composed of a hydromagnesite represented by xMgCO3.yMg(OH)2.zH2O wherein x:y:z is 4:1:4, 4:1:5, 4:1:6, 4:1:7, 3:1:3, or 3:1:4; (B) an epoxy resin; and (C) a curing agent. The prepreg can be used to prepare a laminated sheet and a metal foil-laminated sheet.

Abstract: Implantable biocompatible polymeric medical devices include a substrate with an acid or base-modified surface which is subsequently modified to include click reactive members.

Abstract: A linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) foam and methods of making the same are described. The LLDPE foam has a maximum operating temperature of about 220° F. The LLDPE foam can also have a density in the range of from 0.6 to 10.0 lbs/ft3. The LLDPE foam can be manufactured in part by processing an LLDPE resin in order to create a long branch molecular structure in the LLDPE resin without crosslinking or otherwise adversely affecting the thermoplastic properties of the LLDPE resin.

Abstract: The present invention provides a kind of inherent flame retardant rigid polyurethane foam. The production formula comprises 100 to 105 pbw of polyether polyol and reactive phosphorus-containing flame retardant, 2.5 to 3.5 pbw of amine catalyst, 0.8 to 2.5 pbw of tertiary amine catalyst, 0.8 to 2.5 pbw of foam stabilizer, 0.5 to 1.5 pbw of blowing agent, 135 to 150 pbw of isocyanates, and 0.05 to 0.1 pbw of organo-metallic catalyst, wherein the reactive phosphorus-containing flame retardant is 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol. The active monomers containing flame retarding elements are introduced into main chain and side chain of PU for modification, which permanently improves the flame retardancy of PU without obvious effect on other performance of PU matrix.

Abstract: A foaming filler composition having high rigidity and high strength comprises 20 to 30% by weight of a bisphenol A epoxy resin; 30 to 40% by weight of an acrylic rubber-modified epoxy resin; 3 to 5% by weight of glass bubbles having an average bubble diameter of 30 to 40 ?m; 1.5 to 3% by weight of a blowing agent; 10 to 20% by weight of a chain extender comprising heavy calcium carbonate and light calcium carbonate; and 10 to 12% by weight of a dicyandiamide-based curing agent.

Abstract: A foamable composition for preparing foamed thermoplastic polyurethane, and microwave molded articles thereof are provided. The foamable composition comprises non-foamed thermoplastic polyurethane particles and a foaming agent, wherein the non-foamed thermoplastic polyurethane particles have a viscosity between 10,000 poise and 40,000 poise measured at 170° C. according to JISK 7311 test method.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for making a polymer or copolymer aerogel product by forming an aerogel polymer or copolymer solution in the presence of a polymer or copolymer catalyst and solvent therefor. The aerogel polymer or copolymer solution is drained onto a spinning disk or cup. The solvent is removed under aerogel forming conditions to produce the aerogel fiber web or yarn product.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a monolith for processing fluid samples, and methods of making and using the monolith. The monolith can contain certain monomers or combinations of monomers that can be polymerized to give a polymeric monolith that can efficiently self-wick fluid. The self-wicking polymeric monolith can be used as a convenient tool for point of care/on site diagnostics and analytics. The monolith is easily stored and transported, comparatively cost-efficient to make, permits good detection of analyte molecules and is readily functionalizable by impregnation of and/or covalently grafting additional chemical moieties to either the whole monolith or in zones.

Abstract: A method for recycling of glass laminates (10) is disclosed. The glass laminates (10) comprise at least one glass layer (30, 40) and at least one polymer layer (20). The method comprises mechanical removal of at least part of the glass (30, 40), placing residual waste (350) with glass particles in a vat (360) comprising a separation fluid (375) to produce a mixture of glass particles and polymer pieces from the residual waste, from which the polymer pieces can be screened off, washed and dried for reuse. The separation fluid (375) comprises water and at least one alcohol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition comprising a conductive carbon powder and a foamable polymer, a method for the manufacturing thereof and use thereof. Also a method for making a foam is disclosed, together with a foam obtainable from said method and use thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to abase polymer material composition comprising a conductive carbon powder, a method for the manufacturing thereof and use thereof.

Abstract: Polyamide resins with mineral additives which accelerate crystallization without adversely affecting mechanical properties of articles molded therefrom, methods for their production and articles of manufacture prepared from these polyamide resins are provided.

Abstract: The invention provides a stabilising composition for polymeric materials comprising: at least one secondary arylamine having the formula I: wherein: the or each R, which may be the same or different, independently denotes an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl group having at least 5 carbon atoms; x and y are each independently from 0 to 5 provided that at least one of x and y is at least 1; and a phenolic antioxidant, the composition and/or the secondary arylamine being a liquid at ambient conditions substantially free from diphenylamine and/or from lower alkylated diphenylamine antioxidants.

Abstract: A stabilizer composition containing (I) a compound of the formula (I) and (II) a compound of the formula (II) wherein the radicals R1 independently of one another are C1-C18 alkyl or C3-C12 cycloalkyl;the radicals X1 independently of one another are hydrogen, C1-C18 alkyl, C3-C12 cyclo-alkyl or a group of the formula (III-D; (III-I) the radicals X2 independently of one another are hydrogen, C1-C18 alkyl, C3-C12 cyclo-alkyl or a group of the formula (III-ID; (III-ID and Y is C2-C12 alkylene.

Abstract: A process includes forming an emulsion comprising a monomer and a colorant, the colorant further including an anionic functional group and a lipophilic counter ion, and polymerizing the monomer to form a latex, the latex includes polymer nanoparticles having the colorant dispersed therein.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions comprised of diene-based elastomers containing an antioxidant comprised of a combination of tris(nonyl phenyl) phosphite (TNPP) and tetramethylethylene diamine (TMEDA). The invention further relates a rubber composition and to a polystyrene composite containing such elastomer compositions. The invention additionally relates to articles of manufacture thereof, including tires and polystyrene based articles. In one embodiment, the invention relates to a process of recovery of diene-based elastomer(s) from an organic solvent solution thereof by steam stripping the organic solvent therefrom in the presence of a combination of the TNPP and TMEDA.

Abstract: Resin compositions, e.g., epoxy resin compositions, comprising flame retardant materials obtained by heating phosphonic acid salts at temperatures above 200° C., have excellent properties and exhibit manageable curing behavior. Laminates, composites, molded articles and the like, which have excellent flame retardant properties and physical characteristics, are readily prepared from the resin compositions of the invention.

Abstract: Resin compositions comprising flame retardant materials obtained by heating phosphonic acid salts at temperatures above 200° C., have excellent properties and exhibit manageable curing behavior. Laminates, composites, molded articles and the like, which have excellent flame retardant properties and physical characteristics, are readily prepared from the resin compositions of the invention.

Abstract: Resin compositions comprising flame retardant materials obtained by heating phosphonic acid salts at temperatures above 200° C., have excellent properties and exhibit manageable curing behavior. Laminates, composites, molded articles and the like, which have excellent flame retardant properties and physical characteristics, are readily prepared from the resin compositions of the invention.

Abstract: Functionalized graphene sheets having a carbon to oxygen molar ratio of at least about 23:1 and method of preparing the same.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a method for grafting POSS (polyhedral silsesquioxane) nanomaterial to graphene oxide is described for use in preparation of high performance composite materials. In another embodiment, amine functionalized graphene oxide may be particularly suitable. In this embodiment, POSS molecules grafted to amine functionalized graphene oxide are synthesized by reacting graphene oxide with different POSS molecules. The amine functionalized graphene oxide may be dissolved in a solvent and the reaction may include the presence of a catalyst. The resultant POSS grafted graphene oxide/POSS grafted amine functionalized graphene oxide may be mixed with a resin (epoxy) in a masterbatch. The masterbatch may then be packaged and sold. The masterbatch material may then be introduced into the interlaminar area of graphite/epoxy composites.

Abstract: A rubber composition for a tire rim cushion or rubber finishing contains a diene rubber and a filler containing a carbon black. The diene rubber contains a natural rubber and/or an isoprene rubber, and a modified polymer that is obtained by reacting a nitrone compound with a double bond of a conjugated diene polymer. The content of the natural rubber and/or the isoprene rubber in the diene rubber is from 30 to 60 mass %, the content of the modified polymer in the diene rubber is from 8 to 70 mass %, the content of the filler is from 60 to 90 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the diene rubber, and the nitrogen adsorption specific surface area of the carbon black is from 60 to 150 m2/g. Such rubber composition has excellent low heat build-up and ozone resistance when formed into a tire.

Abstract: The present invention provides a rubber composition for an undertread, the rubber composition achieving excellent low heat build-up and high elastic modulus when formed into a tire; and a pneumatic tire that includes the rubber composition. The rubber composition for an undertread contains a diene rubber and a carbon black. The diene rubber contains a natural rubber and a modified polymer that is obtained by reacting a nitrone compound with a double bond of a conjugated diene polymer. The content of the natural rubber in the diene rubber is 60 mass % or greater, the content of the modified polymer in the diene rubber is from 8 to 40 mass %, the content of the carbon black is from 30 to 67 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the diene rubber, and the nitrogen adsorption specific surface area of the carbon black is from 20 to 60 m2/g.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sulfur-crosslinkable rubber mixture, in particular for treads of vehicle tires, and to a vehicle tire. The rubber mixture contains at least the following components: at least one diene rubber and 10 to 200 phr of at least one silicic acid and 2 to 20 phf of at least one silane having general empirical formula I) [(R1)3Si—X]mSn(R2)2-m, wherein the residues R1 within a molecule can be the same or different and are alkoxy groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or cyclic dialkoxy groups having 2 to 10 carbon atoms or cycloalkoxy groups having 4 to 10 carbon atoms or phenoxy groups or aryl groups having 6 to 20 carbon atoms or alkyl groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or alkenyl groups having 2 to 20 carbon atoms or aralkyl groups having 7 to 20 carbon atoms or halides and wherein X is a polar organic group containing urea and wherein m assumes the value 1 or 2 and wherein n is an integer from 1 to 8 and wherein R2 is a hydrogen atom or an acyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.

Abstract: [Object] The invention provides rubber compositions having excellent filler dispersibility, crosslinked products having excellent properties such as abrasion resistance, and tires that exhibit enhanced rolling resistance performance and attain simultaneous enhancements in steering stability and ice grip performance by virtue of using the compositions or the crosslinked products in portions of the tires. [Solution] The rubber composition includes 100 parts by mass of a solid rubber (A), 0.1 to 10 parts by mass of a modified liquid diene rubber (B) that is obtained by adding a modifying agent to an unmodified liquid diene rubber (B?) and has functional groups derived from the modifying agent, and 20 to 150 parts by mass of a filler (C).

Abstract: A resin composition according to the present invention contains a polypropylene-based resin (a), a hydrogenated block copolymer (b), and a hydrogenated block copolymer (c) in a particular mass ratio, and the hydrogenated block copolymer (b) and the hydrogenated block copolymer (c) have particular constitution. Moreover, a sheet-shaped molded body according to the present invention contains the resin composition according to the present invention. Furthermore, a packaging material for medical use, foodstuffs or clothes according to the present invention contains the sheet-shaped molded body according to the present invention.

Abstract: A method for modifying a heterophasic polymer composition comprises the steps of providing a compatibilizing agent, providing a heterophasic polymer composition comprising a propylene polymer phase and an ethylene polymer phase, mixing the compatibilizing agent and the heterophasic polymer composition, and generating free radicals in the propylene phase and the ethylene phase. At least a portion of the compatibilizing agent then reacts with free radicals in both the propylene polymer phase and the ethylene polymer phase to form a bond with a propylene polymer in the propylene polymer phase and a bond with an ethylene polymer in the ethylene polymer phase.

Abstract: A seal member is made of a composite material. The composite material includes: any one of an acrylic elastomer, a hydrogenated nitrile elastomer, a fluorinated elastomer, and a fluorosilicone elastomer as a main component; and a particulate filler and a fibrous filler. The particulate filler has a mean particle diameter of 1.0 ?m or more and 50 ?m or less. The fibrous filler has a mean diameter of 5.0 ?m or more and 20 ?m or less and has a mean length of 0.1 mm or more and 8 mm or less. Content of the particulate filler is 10% by volume or more and 35% by volume or less, and content of the fibrous filler is 5% by volume or more and 15% by volume or less.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a block copolymer composition comprising a tetra-branched block copolymer (IV) having a true number average molecular weight of 40,000 to 120,000 represented by the general formula (A-B)4X; a tri-branched block copolymer (III) having a true number average molecular weight of from 30,000 to 90,000 represented by the general formula (A-B)3X; di-branched block copolymer (II) having a true number average molecular weight of from 20,000 to 60,000 represented by the general formula (A-B)2X; and a linear diblock copolymer (I) having a true number average molecular weight of from 10,000 to 30,000 represented by the general formula A-B; where A represents a polymer block of a mono alkenyl arene; B represents a polymer block of a conjugated diene, wherein the B has a true number average molecular weight ranging from 7,000 to 20,000 g/mol; and X represents the residue of an alkoxy silane coupling agent.

Abstract: A polymer composition is disclosed. The polymer composition comprises 30 to 40% by weight of a polyester-based thermoplastic elastomer, 15 to 25% by weight of an ethylene acrylic elastomer, and an organic phosphorus-based flame retardant comprising a metal salt of a dialkyl phosphinate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel biodegradable material prepared from PHA and PLA polymers, which can be used for manufacturing a blended product of PHA and PLA, and which can have accelerated biodegradation in a microorganic environment. The new product can be used for producing films, containers for solids and liquids, rigid or flexible packages, long-filament and short-fibre weaving, knitting and nonwoven fabrics, and composite products of fabrics, films and other materials by thermal forming, injection moulding or melt spinning. These blends also can have a long shelf life in a clean environment.

Abstract: Compositions comprising A) 50 to 95 parts by weight of at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of aromatic polycarbonate and aromatic polyestercarbonate, B) 5 to 50 parts by weight of at least one branched polyester, the polyester being derived from succinic acid and optionally further dicarboxylic acids and aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or araliphatic diols, C) 0 to 20 parts by weight of graft polymer, D) 0 to 20 parts by weight of vinyl (co)polymer and/or polyalkylene terephthalate, E) 0.0 to 30 parts by weight of additives, the parts by weight being standardized to the total weight of the composition and also the use of these hydrolysis-stable polycarbonate/polyester compositions for producing shaped bodies, and the shaped bodies themselves, where the polyester in the composition can be obtained or prepared preferably from renewable raw materials.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing an organopolysiloxane emulsion composition which contains an organopolysiloxane having a trialkyl group at a terminal thereof and having a viscosity of 50,000 mm2/s or more at 25° C., within a shorter time compared with the conventional methods. A method for producing an emulsion composition which contains an organopolysiloxane having a viscosity of 50,000 mm2/s or more at 25° C. and capped with a trialkylsilyl group, said method comprising: (I) emulsifying a mixture comprising (A) an organopolysiloxane, (B) a nonionic surfactant, (C) an anionic surfactant, (D-1) an acidic compound and (E-1) water to prepare an emulsion composition; (II) adding (D-2) an acidic compound and (E-2) water to the emulsion composition to perform emulsion polymerization; and (III) adding 0.001 part by mass or more of (F) a compound to the resultant product to perform emulsion polymerization again.

Abstract: Provided is a silicone rubber composition that has excellent storage stability and an improved post-curing compression set, and a silicone rubber cross-linked body made from the silicone rubber composition. A silicone rubber composition contains (a) an organopolysiloxane, (b) a cross-linking agent, and (c) a microcapsule type catalyst that is made from resin microparticles encapsulating a cross-linking catalyst, wherein the resin of (c) is one of a thermosetting resin that is thermally cured in the presence of the cross-linking catalyst and a thermosetting resin that is thermally cured in the absence of the cross-linking catalyst.

Abstract: An asphalt composition containing 0.5 parts by mass or more and 20 parts by mass or less of a block copolymer and 100 parts by mass of an asphalt; the block copolymer comprising a polymer block (A) mainly comprising a vinyl aromatic monomer unit, and a copolymer block (B) containing a conjugated diene monomer unit and a vinyl aromatic monomer unit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to fluorescent compounds with large Stokes-shift and a process for their preparation. More particularly, the present invention relates to fluorescent compounds that are colourless. The compounds may be used in compositions for inks, paints and plastics, especially in a wide variety of printing systems and are particularly well-suited for security applications.