Abstract: A method is disclosed herein. The method includes disposing an electromagnetic logging tool in a borehole penetrating a formation, the electromagnetic logging tool being part of a drill string in the formation, the drill string having a drill bit. The method includes acquiring measurements using the electromagnetic logging tool. Further, the method includes using a processor, applying a pixel-based inversion to the acquired measurements to determine at least one formation property, wherein applying the pixel-based inversion includes using adaptive regularization.

Abstract: Methods and systems for obtaining an electrical impedivity and/or resistivity image of a subterranean formation are provided. The electrical impedivity and/or resistivity image can be obtained by determining first formation impedivity data and second formation impedivity data. The first formation impedivity data can be based on a component of the measured impedance data orthogonal a downhole fluid impedance. The second formation impedivity data can be based on an amplitude of the measured impedance data. A combined formation impedivity data can be obtained by combining a portion of the first formation impedivity data based on a first formation impedivity determination process with a portion of the second formation impedivity data based on a second formation impedivity determination process. The electrical impedivity and/or resistivity image of the subterranean formation can then be obtained by using the combined formation impedivity data.

Abstract: An example method may include computing a database for an ideal representation of a galvanic tool, and determining internal coupling impedance between at least one monitor electrode of the galvanic tool and a reference. Voltage and current measurements from the galvanic tool positioned within a formation may be received. A formation resistivity from the voltage and current measurements may be calculated based, at least in part, on the database and the determined internal coupling impedances.

Abstract: A method for making downhole electromagnetic logging measurements includes using an electromagnetic measurement tool to acquire the measurements while rotating in a subterranean wellbore. Received electromagnetic waves are processed to obtain harmonic voltage coefficients, ratios of which are in turn further processed to compute gain compensated measurement quantities. The gain compensated measurement quantities are further processed to compute at least one of an apparent formation azimuth of the formation through which the wellbore traverses, an apparent tool eccentering azimuth, and an eccentering distance of the logging tool in the wellbore.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for scanning an item utilizing an X-ray scanner in order to facilitate a determination of whether the X-ray radiation penetrated through the entirety of the scanned item. Various embodiments comprise a conveying mechanism, an X-ray emitter, a detector, and an X-ray penetration grid (XPG). The XPG may comprise a radiopaque grid that may serve as a reference for determining whether radiation passes through the scanned item, the grid oriented such that the grid members are neither parallel nor perpendicular to the direction of travel. Such orientation may minimize or eliminate “ghosted” radiation signals included in a visual display of the radiation received by the detector. A scanned item may be oriented with the XPG such that radiation emitted by the X-ray emitter that passes through a portion of the scanned item must also pass through the XPG before being received by the detector.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses an inspection device, an inspection method and an inspection system. The device comprises a distributed ray source comprising multiple source points; a light source collimator configured to converge the rays generated by the distributed ray source to form an inverted fan-shaped ray beam; a scatter collimator configured to only allow rays scattered at one or more particular scattering angles which are generated by the rays from the light source collimator interacting with inspected objects to pass; at least one detector each comprising multiple detection units which have an energy resolution capability and are substantially arranged in a cylindrical surface to receive the scattered rays passing through the scatter collimator; and a processing apparatus configured to calculate energy spectrum information of the scattered rays from the inspected objects based on a signal output by the detectors.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of setting a plurality of part regions of a desired protected zone, in which a) the positions of a plurality of monitoring units are detected, with each monitoring unit detecting a detection zone; b) a maximum size of each detection zone is determined; c) the desired protected zone is fixed in a graphical user interface; d) the part regions to be monitored by the respective monitoring units are fixed with reference to the positions of the monitoring units, to the maximum size of the detection zones and of the desired protected zone; and e) the part regions are assigned to the respective monitoring units.

Abstract: Methods for developing equation-of-states (EOS) composition models for predicting petroleum reservoir fluid behavior and understanding fluid heterogeneity in unconventional shale plays are described. In particular, limited geochemical data from samples taken from the reservoir of interested are utilized to build and tune the EOS model and improve predictions. Real-time applications are also described.

Abstract: A method for calibrating a distributed vibration sensing system includes applying a localized calibration event, such as a temperature change, to at least one location along an optical fiber cable. Backscattered light generated the optical fiber while the localized calibration event is applied includes phase information having low frequency components. The center of energy of the low frequency components can be identified in order to generate a reference point along the fiber that can be used to generate a channel-depth calibration scale that can be applied to vibration data acquired from the fiber when used in various applications, such as borehole seismic surveying.

Abstract: A method including: generating an updated subsurface property model of a subsurface region, with a computer, from an initial estimate of the subsurface property model by performing an iterative inversion, which includes inverting geophysical data to infer the updated subsurface property model, wherein the generating the updated subsurface property model includes linearly remapping the initial estimate of the subsurface property model based on an inverse of a regularization operator, included with the initial estimate of the subsurface property model, into one in which the regularization operator is represented by an identity matrix, performing a unitary matrix decomposition in order to group the identity matrix with sparse matrices output from the unitary matrix decomposition, and performing a search over at least one trade-off parameter to reduce a misfit between simulated data generated from a most recent estimate of the subsurface property model and the geophysical data until a predetermined stopping crite

Abstract: A method and system for computing and visualizing sedimentary attributes may include receiving, by a processor, paleo-geographic coordinates representing predicted approximate positions of particles of sediment deposited at a time period when a layer was originally formed. The processor may numerically compute or determine a sedimentation rate that varies laterally along the layer. The processor may determine a sedimentary attribute based on the lateral variation of the sedimentation rate along the layer with respect to the paleo-geographic coordinates. A monitor or display may display the sedimentary attribute of the layer in the present-day geological space.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for determining the localized presence of severe weather and signaling an alarm. A sensor assembly may contain a number of sensors including a barometric pressure sensor, temperature sensor, and an optional humidity sensor. The outdoor sensor assembly is in electrical communication with a controller assembly. A plurality of parameters may be measured and compared with pre-established threshold values. The alarm may be signaled when the measured parameters meet or exceed the selected threshold values.

Abstract: One example of a computer-implemented method for adaptively placing weather sensors in response to dynamic local conditions includes obtaining a set of data indicating a dynamic local condition in a geographic location of interest and adaptively modifying a placement of a plurality of weather sensors in the geographic location of interest in response to the dynamic local condition.

Abstract: A method and system for generating probabilistic estimates of precipitation intensity from radar reflectivity measurements is provided. In an embodiment, an agricultural intelligence computer system receives radar reflectivity measurements for a particular location from an external data source. The agricultural intelligence computer system constructs a probability distribution of drop sizes describing the probability that the precipitation included drops of various sizes based on the radar reflectivity measurements. The agricultural intelligence computer system samples a plurality of values from the probability of distribution of drop sizes and uses the plurality of values and the radar reflectivity measurements to compute a plurality of rainfall rates. Based on the plurality of rainfall rates, the agricultural intelligence computer system constructs a probability distribution of rainfall rates for the particular location.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a probabilistic weather forecasting device includes processing circuitry configured to generate, based on a plurality of ensembles each including predicted values of the first meteorological variable and a plurality of pieces of observed data each including a observed value of the second meteorological variable, a simultaneous probability density distribution of a predicted value of the first meteorological variable and an observed value of the second meteorological variable; and configured to generate, based on the simultaneous probability density distribution, first probability density distributions each being a probability density distribution of an observed value of the second meteorological variable obtained under a condition that each of a plurality of predicted values of the first meteorological variable are given at a prediction target time, and synthesize the first probability density distributions to generate a second probability density distribution.

Abstract: Weather related data is collected using a magnetic sensor of a mobile device. The mobile device may be within a moving motor vehicle. The magnetic sensor may detect a magnetic field that is generated or otherwise affected by the operation of motor driving one or more windshield wipers. The mobile device, or a server in communication with the mobile device, may perform analysis of the windshield wiper data and generate weather message based on the analysis.

Abstract: A system for providing local barometric calibration for user equipment is disclosed. In particular, the system may utilize an over-the-air signal to feed local barometric pressure measurements to the user equipment so as to auto-calibrate the barometric sensor of the user equipment to the local barometric pressure. The local barometric pressure may be collated to the serving cell site identifier or wireless access point to which the user equipment is connected. The local barometric pressure measurements may be obtained by the optimal resource available in the area associated with the user equipment. For example, the local barometric pressure measurements may be obtained from the Internet, a local weather service, a local serving beacon, or other source. The barometric sensor may be calibrated at desired intervals, when certain conditions are satisfied, or any combination thereof.

Abstract: A metamaterial control device is provided for controlling electromagnetic radiation. The device uses a light-guide film (LGF), with the LGF being capable of receiving light emission along an edge. The device includes a substrate disposed on a non-edges surface of the LGF, electromagnetic cellular structures that are controllable, and an optically sensitive component within some or all cells. The substrate is composed of metamaterial and having an interface that corresponds to an extractor on the non-edge surface for scattering light therefrom. Alternatively, the substrate can constitute the LGF itself. The cell structure is disposed around the extractor. The optically sensitive component is disposed to cover the extractor. The component changes in response to receiving the light from the extractor and changes in response to intensity of the light.

Abstract: Embodiments of articles with optical coatings are described herein. According to one embodiment, an article may comprise a substrate having a major surface, and an optical coating disposed on the major surface and forming an anti-reflective surface, the optical coating comprising an anti-reflective coating. The article may exhibit a maximum hardness of about 12 GPa or greater as measured on the anti-reflective surface by a Berkovich Indenter Hardness Test along an indentation depth of about 100 nm or greater. The article may exhibit a single side average light reflectance measured at the anti-reflective surface of about 8% or less over an optical wavelength regime in the range from about 400 nm to about 800 nm. The article may exhibit an average light transmission of about 90% or greater over an optical wavelength regime in the range from about 400 nm to about 800 nm.

Abstract: This invention relates to an ophthalmic lens comprising a transparent substrate with a front main face and with a rear main face, at least one of the main faces being coated with a multilayered antireflective coating comprising a stack of at least one high refractive index layer (HI) having a refractive index higher than or equal to 1.55 and at least one low refractive index layer (LI) having a refractive index lower than 1.55, characterized in that: said at least one high refractive index layer (HI) is in direct contact with said at least one low refractive index layer (LI) forming a bilayer, said bilayer has a physical thickness lower than or equal to 60 nm, said bilayer is, in the direction moving away from said transparent substrate, in second to last place in said multilayered antireflective coating, said multilayered antireflective coating has a mean reflection factor Ruv between 280 nm and 380 nm, lower than 5% for an angle of incidence in the range from 20° to 50°.

Abstract: An optical element includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and includes a first region. A refractive index of the first region is asymmetric with respect to a first axis. The first axis passes through a first position and is parallel to a first thickness direction. The first refractive index is highest or lowest at the first position in the first region. The first thickness direction is from the first surface toward the second surface in the first region.

Abstract: The present invention relates to transparent optical device elements comprising a deformable lens body and to a method for changing the refractive index (RI) of a deformable lens body. The deformable lens body of the invention has an improved mechanical stability, a high refractive index, an optimal degree of stiffness and sheer modulus for use as optical lens.

Abstract: A fluidic lens may include an optical surface configured for deflection dominated by bending stress. An adjustable concentric load may be applied to the optical surface to cause a clear aperture region of the optical surface to deflect with generally spherical curvature. Adjusting the concentric load controls the radius of curvature. An adjustable uniformly-distributed load may be applied to the optical surface by fluid pressure that causes the clear aperture region to deflect with an aspheric shape. Adjusting the pressure controls the asphericity of curvature. First and second fluids having similar densities and different refractive indexes may be disposed on either side of a deflectable optical surface to help balance gravitational loading on either side of the optical surface, thereby reducing gravity-associated aberrations.

Abstract: The infrared reflecting substrate includes a first metal oxide layer, a second metal oxide layer and a metal layer in this order on a transparent substrate. The second metal oxide layer and the metal layer are in direct contact with each other. The first metal oxide layer has a refractive index of 2.2 or more. The second metal oxide layer is formed of a metal oxide that contains tin oxide and zinc oxide, and an oxygen content of the metal oxide is less than the stoichiometric composition. The second metal oxide layer is deposited by a DC sputtering method.

Abstract: A solar reflective mirror includes a parting film between solar reflecting sublayers to improve optics and stability of the solar mirror. The coating stack of the solar reflector mirror is encapsulated to increase the useable life of the solar mirror, and to eliminate the need for a permanent protection overcoat. Omission of the PPO film which is electrically non-conductive makes the coating stack electrically conductive eliminating the need for a two layer encapsulant when the encapsulant is e-coated. Another feature of the invention is applying the base coat of the encapsulant over the marginal edges of the PPO film leaving a center section without coverage and adding the top coating of the encapsulant over the base coat and the uncoated area.

Abstract: An open-type color reflective sheet and a method of manufacturing the open-type color reflective sheet are provided. The open-type color reflective sheet may include a support layer, a bonding layer laminated on one surface of the support layer and including a binder resin, a pigment and a non-yellowing polyurethane resin, a reflective layer including a plurality of bead-type reflectors embedded in the bonding layer, and a water-repellent coating layer laminated on one surface of the reflective layer, and may selectively include a printed layer formed on the one surface or another.

Abstract: A composite type diffractive optical element having a resin layer laminated on a transparent substrate is molded. Then, cooling of an unmolded surface of the transparent substrate is started using a cooling spray nozzle so as to provide a temperature gradient in one direction from an outer periphery toward a center, and a cooling range is expanded in the one direction to cool the transparent substrate. With this, mold releasing is performed in one direction from the outer periphery portion to an opposite outer periphery portion across the center of the diffraction gratings to release the resin layer from a diffraction grating mold.

Abstract: A device for improving the suppression of light from a Pulsed Xenon light source for spectrometry by combining a Variable Longpass Order-Sorting filter with a Dichroic Balancing filter coated on a fused Silica substrate is disclosed.

Abstract: A multi-pane window having a low emissivity layer and a photochromic glass. The window includes at least two panes of glass. An outside pane for interaction with the outdoors and an inside pane spaced apart from the outside pane. The outside pane includes a low emissivity coating. The inside pane includes a photochromic glass. The outside pane transmits solar light wavelengths. The photochromic glass is darkened upon exposure to light transmitted by the outside pane.

Abstract: An image capture device according to the present disclosure includes: a lens optical system L; an image sensor N on which light that has passed through the lens optical system L is incident and which includes at least a plurality of first pixels and a plurality of second pixels; and an array of optical elements K which is arranged between the lens optical system and the image sensor. The lens optical system has a first optical region D1 which transmits mostly light vibrating in the direction of a first polarization axis and a second optical region D2 which transmits mostly light vibrating in the direction of a second polarization axis that is different from the direction of the first polarization axis. The array of optical elements makes the light that has passed through the first optical region D1 incident on the plurality of first pixels and also makes the light that has passed through the second optical region D2 incident on the plurality of second pixels.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a wire grid polarizer includes: preparing a stamp having a nanostructure body at one surface and forming a mask layer with anisotropic vapor deposition at the one surface; forming a metal film on a substrate; transferring a mask layer of an upper portion of a nanostructure body in the mask layer onto the metal film; and patterning the metal film into metal lines by removing a portion that is not covered with the mask layer in the metal film with dry etching.

Abstract: Provided is a wavelength conversion member, including: a wavelength conversion layer containing a quantum dot which is excited by excitation light and emits fluorescent light; and an adjacent layer directly laminated on the wavelength conversion layer, in which the shape of an interface between the wavelength conversion layer and the adjacent layer includes an irregular shape formed of a concave portion and a convex portion. Provided are a backlight unit, a polarizing plate, a liquid crystal panel, and a liquid crystal display device: including the wavelength conversion member.

Abstract: A light guide plate, a fabricating method thereof, a backlight source, and a display device. The light guide plate comprises a light guide plate main body, with the surface of the light guide plate main body being provided with a blue coating. The blue coating mixes with yellow light strengthened gradually from a light entrance end to a light remote end of the light guide plate main body to form white light. The fabricating method of the light guide plate comprises: providing a light guide plate main body; forming a blue coating on a surface of the light guide plate main body; and curing the light guide plate main body provided with the blue coating. The present disclosure further provides a backlight source and a display device. The backlight source comprises the above light guide plate, and the display device comprises the above backlight source.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lighting device which comprises: an optical member comprising a protruding optical pattern forming a gap with an adjacent layer; at least one light emitting unit inserted into the optical member; and a resin layer formed on the optical member and the at least one light emitting unit, whereby it is possible to obtain an effect that the shapes of light change depending on the viewing angle when viewing the light source by producing various protruding optical patterns, an effect that the whole thickness can be reduced, and an effect that the degree of design freedom can be enhanced when designing products thanks to an enhanced flexibility.

Abstract: An optical layer may include a barrier. The barrier may include slits arranged in the barrier so that vertically neighboring slits from among the slits are connected to each other. The slits are configured to transmit light through the barrier.

Abstract: A light guide plate, a backlight module and a display device are provided. A first bottom surface of the light guide plate is provided with a first recess, and the first recess is configured to dispose a first optical film unit. A side surface of the light guide plate is provided with a second recess, and the second recess is configured to dispose a second optical film unit. The backlight module can be applied in multi-screen and multi-surface display devices.

Abstract: Disclosed is a manufacturing method for a stepped imaging directional backlight apparatus which may include a structured optical film and a tapered body. The structured optical film may include multiple optical functions and may be assembled by folding onto the tapered body, reducing cost and complexity of manufacture.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture are disclosed for providing a display device with a quantum dot enhancement film (QDEF) laminated to a light guide plate. Examples involve a device with a QDEF laminated to a light guide plate and/or laminating a QDEF to a light guide plate of a device.

Abstract: An optic panel, an LED lighting system including the optic panel, and a luminaire including the LED lighting system are described. The optic panel includes an optic disposed within a cut out of a base plate, and one or more supports fixedly couple the optic with the base plate. Each support preferably touches the optic at only a single location. In some aspects, the supports provide sufficient support to the optic such that the entire optic panel can be molded as a single, monolithic mass and the supports do not or only minimally interfere with the desired total internal reflection of the optics because of the minimal engagement with the supports and/or the placement of the engagement with the supports. The optic panel may be incorporated into the LED lighting system, for example, forming a secondary optics for the LED lighting system.

Abstract: Provided is an optical fiber having W-shaped refractive-index distribution and in which a micro-bend loss in an actual usage waveband is reduced. The optical fiber includes a core, inner cladding that surrounds the core and has a refractive index smaller than a refractive index of the core, and outer cladding that surrounds the inner cladding and has a refractive index smaller than the refractive index of the core and larger than the refractive index of the inner cladding. When a coupling coefficient between a fundamental mode and a cladding mode is denoted by C01-CL, a coupling coefficient between the fundamental mode and a higher-order mode is denoted by C01-11, and a coupling coefficient between the higher-order mode and the cladding mode is denoted by C11-CL, Ctotal defined as Ctotal=C01-CL+C01-11C11-CL has a minimum value at a wavelength ranging between 1520 nm and 1630 nm.

Abstract: An optical fiber having both low macrobend loss and low microbend loss. The fiber has a central core region, a first (inner) cladding region surrounding the central core region and having an outer radius r2>16 microns and relative refractive index ?2, and a second (outer) cladding region surrounding the first cladding region having relative refractive index, 43, wherein ?1>?3>?2 . The difference between ?3 and ?2 is greater than 0.12 percent. The fiber exhibits a 22m cable cutoff less than or equal to 1260 nm, and r1/r2 is greater or equal to 0.24 and bend loss at 1550 nm for a 15 mm diameter mandrel of less than 0.5 dB/turn.

Abstract: An electrical device that includes a first semiconductor device positioned on a first portion of a substrate and a second semiconductor device positioned on a third portion of the substrate, wherein the first and third portions of the substrate are separated by a second portion of the substrate. An interlevel dielectric layer is present on the first, second and third portions of the substrate. The interlevel dielectric layer is present over the first and second semiconductor devices. An optical interconnect is positioned over the second portion of the semiconductor substrate. At least one material layer of the optical interconnect includes an epitaxial material that is in direct contact with a seed surface within the second portion of the substrate through a via extending through the least one interlevel dielectric layer.

Abstract: A polarization dependent mode converter is provided on a semiconductor basis, having a waveguide made of a waveguide material comprising SiNx, or another solid waveguide material having a refractive index between 1.7 to 2.3, embedded in a cladding material comprising SiO2 or another solid cladding material having a refractive index between 1 and 1.6, wherein the waveguide includes in a portion along its lengthwise extension a first section having a vertical asymmetric configuration, the asymmetric configuration includes a thin layer of silicon above the waveguide material, the thickness of the thin Si-layer in vertical direction is less than the thickness of the waveguide material in the same vertical direction.

Abstract: A fiber Bragg grating interrogator assembly, comprising: an optical fiber including a fiber Bragg grating (FBG; 122) having a variable Bragg wavelength (?B) and a dynamic range of interest (??dyn,B) over which the Bragg wavelength (?B) can shift during use; —a light source operably connected to the optical fiber, and configured to illuminate the fiber Bragg grating to solicit a response therefrom; and an response analyzer, including: a spectrally selective device having an input port and a plurality of output ports (149-n), wherein the input port is operably connected to the optical fiber and wherein each of the output ports is associated with a respective spectral range (??n), said spectrally selective device being configured to provide a spectral energy distribution of a response of the fiber Bragg grating received on the input port onto said output ports.

Abstract: A method comprises forming a plateau region and a trench region over a substrate, wherein the trench region comprises a slope and a flat bottom, depositing a reflecting layer over the flat bottom and a portion of the slope, depositing a first adhesion promoter layer over the reflecting layer, applying a first curing process to the first adhesion promoter layer, wherein, after the first curing process finishes, the reflecting layer and the first adhesion promoter layer form a first bonding interface, depositing a bottom cladding layer deposited over the first adhesion promoter layer, applying a second curing process to the bottom cladding layer to form a second bonding interface layer, depositing a core layer over the bottom cladding layer and depositing a top cladding layer over the core layer.

Abstract: A package including optical components has one or more structures with optical input or optical output. An optical interconnection optically connects to the optical input or optical output of the structure(s). A component is provided in which the optical interconnection and the optical input or optical output of the structure(s) are embedded. The component is made of a first material and the optical interconnection of a second material. The first and second materials are chemically identical. The first material has a first primary and/or secondary structure and the second material has a second primary and/or secondary structure. The first primary and/or secondary structure is different from the second primary and/or secondary structure. The refractive indices of the component and of the optical interconnection differ from each other by at least 0.0004 at 850 nm, 1,310 nm, and 1,550 nm, respectively. The optical interconnection is mechanically fixed by the component.

Abstract: A micro splice protector for a fusion connection between a pair of optical fibers takes the form of a cylindrical sleeve of dimensions similar to that of the fusion splice itself, with an epoxy material used to encase the fusion splice within the sleeve. The sleeve is formed to exhibit an inner diameter only slightly greater than the outer diameter of the optical fibers, with the length of the sleeve typically formed to be only slightly longer than the stripped end terminations of the pair of fibers being spliced together. The cylindrical sleeve is formed of a rigid, but lightweight, material (e.g., stainless steel, fused silica) and an epoxy material is injected into the configuration to fill any gaps between the fusion connection and the inner surface of the sleeve. The result is relatively stiff fusion splice protector that is extremely small in size and well-suited for use in optical component packages where space is at a minimum.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlled displacement, rotation and deformation of parts of a fiber optic collimator so as to provide multiple degrees of adjustment freedom that are decoupled one from another, for adjusting the path of a light beam, comprising: an output elongate hollow node for passing a light beam therethrough and towards a lens, and an elongate hollow base node having separate top and bottom parts connected to each other by opposed ends of a plurality of flexible rods that restrict the relative movement between the top and bottom parts of the base node to substantially only translational parallel movement. Opposed portions of the top and bottom parts of the base node each include a respective screw and an opposed slanted surface, which upon interaction, develop a shearing force which is applied to the top and bottom parts of the base node and cause a translational parallel relative movement therebetween.

Abstract: Described herein is a multiplexer/demultiplexer optical device (100) comprising: a first beam-splitter cube (BS1); a second beam-splitter cube (BS2) optically coupled to the first splitter (BS1); a first Porro-prism reflector (PR1), which is optically coupled to the second splitter (BS2); and a second Porro-prism reflector (PR2), which is optically coupled to the second splitter (BS2) and is structured for introducing into optical beams that traverse it a phase delay depending upon an orbital angular momentum of the optical beams and upon an orientation of the second reflector. The device is a Michelson interferometer structured for obtaining constructive/destructive interference such as to multiplex/demultiplex on/from corresponding input/output ports, on the basis of values of orbital angular momentum, an optical beam comprising a plurality of concentric optical beams with cylindrical symmetry having different values of orbital angular momentum.

Abstract: An optical coupler (1) for coupling light in/out of an optical receiving/emitting structure comprises an optical fiber (100), a supporting device (200) to support the optical fiber (100) comprising a supporting structure (210) in which the optical fiber is arranged, and a covering device (300) to cover the supporting structure. An end face (E100a) of the optical fiber (100) is configured to reflect the light to one of the supporting device (200) and the covering device (300) comprising a first area and a second area (210, 220, 310, 320) being provided with a respective different index of refraction or a change of the respective index of refraction so that the first area (310) is configured as one of an optical waveguide (311) and at least one optical lens (312) being embedded in the second area and forming an optical pathway in said one of the supporting device and the covering device.