Abstract: A tool for cleaning a casing tubular (13??) via a narrower casing tubular (9??) or width restriction, has an elongate tool body 1 with axial throughbore 2, box 3 for a corresponding pin 4 to form a tool joint with a workstring 5. In FIG. 1, the body has a nose 6 with fluid discharge channel 7 to pass circulation fluid. An internal shoulder provides a valve seat 8 for a ball 9 passed through the workstring under gravity or during pumping of fluid. Transverse channels 10 receive fluid diverted when the ball is seated within the tool. A side surface 21 has fluid outlet ports 11, and at least one further working surface 22 has tool elements, e.g. bristle-type cleaning elements 23, or scrapers or wipers. Thus the tool body is asymmetrical offering jetting functionality on one side of the tool and mechanical cleaning on the other side.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting scale in a subterranean formation comprises pretreating the subterranean formation with a polyquaternary amine that serves as a squeeze life extension (SLE) agent, and then introducing a scale inhibitor pill into the subterranean formation, wherein the scale inhibitor pill includes one or more scale inhibitor compositions. For example, the polyquaternary amine may be a polymer having up to 5 quaternary amine centers, but is preferably a nonpolymeric diquaternary amine having a molecular weight of from 250 to 500. One such example is 1,3-propandiaminium, 2-hydroxy-N,N,N,N?,N?,N?-hexamethyl-, dichloride. The SLE agent is preferably introduced into the formation in a brine solution having a concentration from 0.1 to 20 weight percent. The SLE agents may be used with a variety of known scale inhibitors and scale inhibitor chemistries.

Abstract: A method of controlling fluid flow into a heavy oil production pipe is disclosed. The method involves reducing inflow into a production pipe locally from hot spots using inflow control devices comprising a movable body provided within a housing. The movable body is arranged to adjust the flow of fluid through the inflow control devices autonomously by exploiting the Bernoulli principle. Inflow into the production pipe remote from said hot spots may be increased using the inflow control devices to increase inflow locally, and draw down in said production pipe may be increased by using an injector to inject a gaseous medium at or downstream of said inflow control devices.

Abstract: A method is taught for creating a laterally-continuous, vertically-oriented dilation zone connecting the two SAGD wells. A method is taught for drilling and completing the SAGD wells in a formation, conditioning said wells to create a stress condition favorable for forming a dilation zone, injecting one or both of said two wells with a stimulant at pressures greater than the in-situ minimum stress of the formation to initiate the dilation zone connecting said SAGD wells and continuing stimulant injection into a first of said two wells while maintaining a target pressure at a second of said two wells to propagate the dilation zone homogenously along the well length.

Abstract: A method of producing petroleum from at least one open hole in at least one petroleum production zone of a hydrocarbon well comprising the steps of locating a plurality of sliding valves along at least one production tubing; inserting the plurality of sliding valves and the production tubing into the at least one open hole; cementing the plurality of sliding valves in the at least one open hole; opening at least one of the cemented sliding valves; removing at least some of the cement adjacent the opened sliding valves without using jetting tools or cutting tools to establish at least one communication path between the interior of the production tubing and the at least one petroleum production zone; directing a fracing material radially through the at least one sliding valve radially toward the at least one production zone; producing hydrocarbons from the at least one petroleum production zone through the plurality of the sliding valves the cement adjacent to which has been removed.

Abstract: A drillstring with a bit is characterized by controllable variables of vertical and rotational speeds and response variables of axial tension force and torque, referenced to the top of the drillstring. A method of reducing or avoiding at least an axial or a torsional oscillation mode in the drillstring includes: choosing at least one oscillation mode to be controlled; selecting and monitoring a relevant controllable variable and a relevant response variable; determining the oscillation period; estimating from the response variable a dynamic component of bit speed; determining a speed pulse capable of producing a generated oscillation with amplitude substantially equal to the amplitude of the dynamic component of bit speed; and Using open-loop control to add the speed pulse to an operator set speed command when the dynamic component of bit speed has an amplitude exceeding a threshold level and an anti-phase matching a phase of the generated oscillation.

Abstract: A method of installing multi-trip completions in a borehole. The method includes interfacing a health monitoring system with a first section of the multi-trip completions, the health monitoring system configured to engage with at least one of a first control line and first equipment of the first section. Running the health monitoring system and the first section downhole to a selected position within the borehole; storing information about a health of the at least one of the first control line and first equipment of the first section within the health monitoring system. Removing the health monitoring system from the borehole while leaving the first section within the borehole; accessing the information from the health monitoring system; and, determining, based on the information, whether or not to run a second section having a second control line into the borehole. The second control line configured to connect with the first control line.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus and method for testing a wellbore, and to an apparatus and method to efficiently and effectively test the annular seal of a tubular string positioned within a wellbore. More specifically, the cement seal between a casing string and a wellbore is tested to assure there is no contamination of groundwater or between different geologic formations. An additional aspect of the present invention is to provide a testing assembly comprising a frangible body and a tool body, the tool body providing a passageway to the annular seal when the frangible body is drilled out. In one particular embodiment, the frangible body initially forms an encapsulated bore that aligns with the passageway.

Abstract: A system for determining rod position in a rod pumped well is described that includes a laser unit mounted on an underside of the walking beam and a reflector plate mounted on the sampson post of the rod pumped well in a position near the laser unit. The laser transmits a beam onto the reflector plate allowing the laser unit to determine the distance between the laser and the reflector plate. The distance between the laser and reflector plate as determined by the laser is transmitted to a controller which calculates the position of the rod in the rod pumped well based on the distance determined by the laser.

Abstract: A system and method to quantify damage to a gravel pack screen include the use of a flux leakage tool to record electromagnetic field measurements at a plurality of points on the gravel pack screen. The system also includes a processor to obtain the electromagnetic field measurements recorded at the plurality of points and to suppress a baseline signal associated with electromagnetic field measurements resulting from perforations of the gravel pack screen to isolate and quantify flux leakage resulting from the damage to the gravel pack screen from flux leakage resulting from the perforations.

Abstract: A method and assembly to produce data pulses in a drilling fluid in a drill string. The assembly comprises a shear valve that includes a valve member mounted in a valve passage in fluid flow communication with a fluid flow conduit of a drill string to which the assembly is connectable. The valve member is connected to a reciprocation mechanism comprising a rocker, a driven crank arrangement, and a slider member that provides a sliding coupling between the crank arrangement and the rocker. The slider member is pivotally connected to the crank arrangement, is keyed to the rocker for angular displacement about a valve axis, and is radially slidable relative to the rocker, so actuation of the crank arrangement causes angular reciprocation of the rocker, and hence of the valve member, about the valve axis, to produce data pulses in the drilling fluid.

Abstract: Methods of identifying rock properties in real-time during drilling, are provided. An example of method includes connecting a downhole sensor subassembly between a drill bit and a drill string, operably coupling acoustic sensors to a downhole processor, operably coupling a borehole telemetry system, downhole and surface data transmitting interfaces, and a surface computer to the downhole data transmitting interface. The method also includes receiving raw acoustic sensor data resulting from rotational contact of the drill bit with rock by the downhole processor, transforming the raw acoustic sensor data into the frequency domain, filtering the transformed data, and deriving acoustic characteristics from the filtered data. The method also includes the surface computer receiving the acoustic characteristics and deriving petrophysical properties from the acoustic characteristics directly or by utilizing a petrophysical properties evaluation algorithm.

Abstract: A disclosed measurement system includes a fluid system that circulates a sample fluid exhibiting one or more unknown characteristics and being configured to receive a standard fluid that exhibits a known characteristic corresponding to at least one of the one or more unknown characteristics, an isolation cell fluidly coupled to the fluid system such that the sample fluid and a mixture of the sample fluid and the standard fluid are able to enter the isolation cell, an analyte-sensitive measurement device having one or more sensors associated therewith and being configured to analyze the sample fluid and the mixture and generate response signals corresponding to the one or more unknown characteristics of the sample fluid, and a signal processor configured to receive and perform standard addition calculations on the response signals in order to determine a concentration of the one or more unknown characteristics.

Abstract: The self-undercut anchor with carbide tip is designed to create a drill hole and enlarging the lowermost end of said drill hole by means of a carbide tip or cutting portion. The carbide tip or cutting portion is positioned in such a way so as to not obstruct the setting of the anchor by means of the spreading lamellae. Once said lamellae have been positioned properly and forced downward, the self-undercut anchor is set in place.

Abstract: A tensioning mechanism for a conveyor system includes a first end including a drive unit, an anchor structure, a continuous belt extending at least partially between the drive unit and the anchor structure, a first carriage, and a second carriage. The first carriage is coupled to the drive unit and supports a portion of the belt. The first carriage is supported for movement relative to the drive unit to adjust a tension in the belt, and the first carriage is movable between the drive unit and an intermediate position. The second carriage is releasably secured to the anchor structure and supports another portion of the belt. The second carriage is supported for movement relative to the anchor structure between a first position and a second position. A distance between the first end and the second carriage defining a take-up length, and movement of the second carriage changes the take-up length.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a cylinder block defining a cylinder and a crankshaft rotatably received by the cylinder block. The crankshaft includes a crankshaft gear and is configured to rotate along a longitudinal axis of the crankshaft. The engine further includes a piston configured to reciprocate within the cylinder between spaced stroke termination points defining a stroke of the piston. The engine also includes a connecting rod operably coupled to the piston. The connecting rod includes a gear configured to engage the crankshaft gear, wherein the crankshaft gear and the gear of the connecting rod are configured to engage one another, such that as the piston travels within the cylinder, the connecting rod rotates the crankshaft via engagement between the crankshaft gear and the gear of the connecting rod.

Abstract: An actuation mechanism for an electromagnetic switch for a hydraulic cylinder includes a housing adapted to be inserted into a cylinder head. A rod is slidably engaged in the housing and is adapted to move between a first position and a second position. A biasing element, which may be located inside or outside of the housing biases the rod into the first position.

Abstract: It is a task of the invention to make it possible to calculate a control target value of one actuator or control target values of a plurality of actuators regarding engine control at a high speed through the use of a multicore processor. With a view to accomplishing this task, a plurality of lattice points that are arranged on a two-dimensional orthogonal coordinate system having axes representing a first operating condition and a second operating condition respectively are associated respectively with at least one or some of a plurality of cores that are arranged in a latticed manner on the multicore processor on one-on-one level on a same line as on the two-dimensional orthogonal coordinate system, and a calculation program for calculating an optimal control value at the associated lattice point or calculation programs for calculating optimal control values at the associated lattice points are allocated respectively to at least one or some of the plurality of the cores.

Abstract: A method of reducing dynamic imbalance in a bladed rotor assembly by axially adjusting one or more of the blades so as to redistribute mass along the geometric axis of the assembly. The blades may be axially adjusted to form a counterbalancing couple. Additional correction masses may be added for supplemental correction of couple imbalance or residual static imbalance in the bladed rotor assembly. The invention offers a reduction in the weight penalty associated with conventional balancing corrections carried out on the bladed rotor assembly.

Abstract: Turbocharger turbine wheels are designed to accelerate rapidly and to rotate at very high RPM. A turbine wheel is provided with improved low cycle fatigue resistance. The wheel can be balanced by conventional methods.

Abstract: A rotor of an aircraft turbomachine having a main axis A, which includes modifying the critical speed of the rotor, depending on whether the rotational speed of the rotor is lower or higher than a predefined rotational speed, including a component that is capable of occupying a first state or a second state depending on whether the rotational speed of the rotor is lower or higher than the predefined rotational speed, each state of the component corresponding to a critical speed of the rotor, and driving the component to one or the other of the two states thereof, depending on the rotational speed of the rotor, wherein modifying the critical speed of the rotor further includes a component that engages with the drive means and is capable of being deformed elastically between one or the other of two stable forms, each of which corresponds to a state of the component.

Abstract: A method is provided of processing one or more blades of a row of blades which forms part of a rotor for a gas turbine engine. The method includes: providing a rotor disc having a slot for mounting one or more blades; loading the blades in the slot and loading the wax blocks in or adjacent the slot, the wax blocks being configured and positioned such that, on loading, the blades shear material from the wax blocks, the sheared wax blocks reducing a range of tilt angles which can be adopted by the blades; and performing a processing operation on the loaded blades.

Abstract: A thermal management article, a method for forming a thermal management article and a thermal management method are disclosed. Forming a thermal management article includes forming a duct adapted to be inserted into a groove on the surface of a substrate, and attaching the duct to the groove so that the top outer surface of the duct is substantially flush with the surface of the substrate. Thermal management of a substrate includes transporting a fluid through the duct of a thermal management article to alter the temperature of the substrate.

Abstract: A rotor wheel assembly includes a rotor wheel having a plurality of dovetail slots spaced circumferentially about a peripheral surface of the rotor wheel. The rotor wheel also has a plurality of notches formed in the peripheral surface. The rotor wheel assembly includes at least one bucket having an integral cover, an airfoil, a dovetail, and a platform having a first surface and an opposite second surface. The first surface of the platform includes a keyway. The keyway has an opposing tapered surface oriented at a first angle relative to the first surface of the platform. Furthermore, the rotor wheel assembly includes a wedge key having first face that is oriented substantially parallel to the first surface of the platform and an opposite second face that is oriented at the first angle relative to the first face, such that the second face is substantially parallel to the taper surface.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to a gas turbine blade for an aircraft engine, the gas turbine blade having a flow leading edge, a flow trailing edge, a suction side, and a pressure side, where the suction side and pressure side extend from the flow leading edge to the flow trailing edge, wherein the gas turbine blade has a damping layer on the flow leading edge and the damping layer comprising at least one matrix material and particles held in position by this matrix material. Further embodiments relate to a method of coating a gas turbine blade and a gas turbine incorporating a plurality of gas turbine blades in accordance with embodiments of the invention.

Abstract: A rigid template for aligning surface features on a rotor blade is disclosed. The rigid template is shaped to correspond to the surface of the rotor blade. Further, the rigid template includes a base end and a tail end opposite the base end. The base end is configured to connect to an alignment structure, the alignment structure being fixed relative to the rotor blade. The tail end includes at least one marker configured to locate at least one surface feature on the surface of the rotor blade.

Abstract: A turbomachine blade of the type having a metal lower coupling root, a metal upper coupling head, and a metal airfoil-shaped oblong member designed to connect the coupling root rigidly to the coupling head; the airfoil-shaped oblong member having a substantially airfoil-shaped main plate-like element connected to the coupling root and to the coupling head, and which is divided into: a lower connecting fin cantilevered from and formed in one piece with the coupling root; an upper connecting fin cantilevered from and formed in one piece with the coupling head; and a center plate-like body, which is located between the lower and upper connecting fins, is shaped/designed to form an extension of the lower and upper connecting fins, and is butt-welded to, to form one piece with, the lower and upper connecting fins.

Abstract: A system includes a multi-stage turbine that includes a first turbine stage having a first wheel having a plurality of first blade segments spaced circumferentially about the first wheel. The turbine also includes a second turbine stage having a second wheel having a plurality of second blade segments spaced circumferentially about the second wheel. The turbine also includes a seal assembly extending axially between the first and second turbine stages. The seal assembly includes a first coverplate coupled to the first turbine stage. The first coverplate includes a first air director. The seal assembly also includes a second coverplate coupled to the second turbine stage. The second coverplate comprises a second air director. The seal assembly also includes an interstage seal. The first coverplate, the second coverplate, or both are configured to support the interstage seal.

Abstract: A system for monitoring a health of one or more seals includes a flow control valve, and a controller. The flow control valve is located upstream of the seal and disposed in fluid communication therewith. The flow control valve is configured to maintain a pre-determined fluid pressure between the flow control valve and the seal. The controller is communicably coupled to the flow control valve. The controller is configured to receive a position of the flow control valve, and determine the health of the seal based on the received position of the flow control valve.

Abstract: A method of coupling two ceramic matrix composite components comprises procuring a first ceramic matrix composite component, procuring a second ceramic matrix composite component, and applying a melt alloy between the first and second ceramic matrix components. The melt alloy comprises a homogeneous mixture of two or more materials in powder form, where the two or more materials include a braze alloy comprising silicon and a high melting point material or alloy. The first and second ceramic matrix composite components and the melt alloy are heat treated to a temperature, and the temperature is maintained for a length of time, followed by cooling, thereby coupling the first and second ceramic matrix composite components.

Abstract: A total air temperature sensor includes an airfoil body extending from an airfoil base to an opposed airfoil tip along a longitudinal axis. The airfoil body defines a leading edge and opposed trailing edge. The airfoil body defines an interior flow passage with an inlet for fluid communication of fluid into the interior flow passage and an outlet for exhausting fluid out from the interior flow passage, and wherein the airfoil body defines a bleed passage through the airfoil body between the leading edge and the interior flow passage. A temperature probe is mounted within the interior flow passage for measuring temperature of flow through the interior flow passage to determine total air temperature.

Abstract: In this method of preventing deformation in a turbine casing of a gas turbine, in a turbine casing 10 there is arranged a buffer tank 30. In this buffer tank 30 there are formed a stagnation part agitation air opening 52 which ejects part of the air from an air compressor 21 as stagnation part agitation air Ga2 toward a stagnation part 19 within the turbine casing, and an overall agitation air opening 51 which ejects overall agitation air Ga1 for agitating gas held in an upper space within the turbine casing. In the buffer tank 30 there is provided a partition wall 36 with through holes 53 formed therein serving to resist air from the air compressor 21, in order to make the ejection speed of the overall agitation air lower than the ejection speed of the stagnation part agitation air.

Abstract: A turbomachine casing assembly including a casing adapted to encase an aerofoil structure, the aerofoil structure having a tip, a leading edge and a trailing edge, the casing substantially surrounding the tip of the aerofoil structure, wherein the casing has a set-back portion extending from a position in the region of the leading edge or the trailing edge of the aerofoil structure part way towards a position in the region of the respective other edge and set back from the remainder of the casing away from the aerofoil structure, such that the set-back portion permits a flow over a corresponding portion of the tip of the aerofoil structure.

Abstract: A locking system comprising a handle mounted such that it can rotate about an operating spindle, wherein the handle can move between a locked position and an unlocked position, a hook mounted on the handle and secured in rotation therewith, wherein the hook has a throat in which a latching point of a structure is designed to engage when the handle is in the locked position. The locking system comprises a key associated with the hook and by means of which it is possible to pass from the locked position to the unlocked position of the handle, wherein the key can be removed when the handle is in the locked position and cannot be removed when the handle is in the unlocked position.

Abstract: A noise suppression apparatus includes a body portion including a plurality of nested channels, each channel of the plurality of nested channels including a first end opening and a second end opening, and a surface portion including each first end opening and each second end opening of each channel.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for heating and cooling a working fluid (2) using at least one thermochemical heat accumulator medium (3), wherein the working fluid (2) is guided through at least one thermochemical heat accumulator (6) comprising the heat accumulator medium (3), wherein the working fluid (2) is guided without contact to the heat accumulator medium (3), wherein upon charging of the heat accumulator medium (3) a heat flow (Q) is transferred from the working fluid (2) to the heat accumulator medium (3) and at least one substance (15) is released from the heat accumulator medium (3) and discharged from the heat accumulator (6), and wherein upon discharging of the heat accumulator medium (3) the substance (15) is fed with release of heat to the heat accumulator medium (3) or at least to a reaction product of the heat accumulator medium (3) that was produced during charging of the heat accumulator medium (3), and a heat flow (Q) is transferred to the working fluid (2).

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a cascaded recompression closed Brayton cycle (CRCBC) system and method of operation thereof, where the CRCBC system includes a compressor for compressing the system fluid, a separator for generating fluid feed streams for each of the system's turbines, and separate segments of a heater that heat the fluid feed streams to different feed temperatures for the system's turbines. Fluid exiting each turbine is used to preheat the fluid to the turbine. In an embodiment, the amount of heat extracted is determined by operational costs.

Abstract: A hydraulic lash adjuster arrangement is provided that includes a cylinder head including a bore and at least one hydraulic fluid gallery. The hydraulic lash adjuster arrangement includes a hydraulic lash adjuster assembly including a housing positioned in the bore of the cylinder head and including an annular body that includes a port on a radially outer wall of the housing. A plunger is arranged within the annular body of the housing and is axially displaceable therein. A clip including a circular body is arranged radially between the housing and the cylinder head. The clip includes at least one first tab extending radially outwardly that engages the at least one hydraulic fluid gallery and at least one second tab extending radially inwardly that engages the port.

Abstract: The present invention provides a variable valve mechanism of an internal combustion engine, which includes a rocker arm that is driven by a cam so as to swing to drive a valve, a switching pin that is attached to the rocker arm so as to be shifted between a first position and a second position, a shift device that shifts the switching pin from the first position to the second position, and a return spring that returns the switching pin. In the variable valve mechanism, a drive state of the valve is switched by shifting the switching pin, the rocker arm is formed to have such a dimension that one end of the switching pin is exposed while projecting outward from the rocker arm, and the return spring is externally fitted to the one end of the switching pin so as to be exposed outside the rocker arm.

Abstract: A valve-timing control apparatus includes an electric motor; a speed-reduction mechanism configured to reduce a rotational speed of the output shaft of the electric motor; a slip ring provided on a surface of a tip portion of the electric motor; a cover member provided to cover at least a part of the surface of the tip portion of the electric motor; a power-feeding brush disposed in the cover member and being in contact with the slip ring; and an angle sensing mechanism configured to sense a rotational angle of the output shaft of the electric motor. The angle sensing mechanism includes a detected portion attached to the output shaft of the electric motor, and a detecting portion attached to the cover member and opposed to the detected portion. The power-feeding brush is located so as not to overlap with the detected portion in a vertically-upper direction from the detected portion.

Abstract: A lubrication system for an internal combustion engine. The lubrication system may comprise an oil cooler; an oil cooler supply passage for delivering oil to an inlet of the oil cooler from an oil reservoir; an oil cooler outlet passage for delivering oil from an outlet of the oil cooler to one or more portions of the internal combustion engine to be lubricated; a first pressure relief valve operably coupled to the oil cooler supply passage, the first pressure relief valve configured to open at a first predetermined pressure to allow oil in the oil cooler supply passage to return to the oil reservoir without passing through the oil cooler; and a second pressure relief valve operably coupled to the oil cooler outlet passage, the second pressure relief valve configured to open at a second predetermined pressure to allow oil in the oil cooler outlet passage to return to the oil reservoir after passing through the oil cooler, the second predetermined pressure being less than the first predetermined pressure.

Abstract: A lubrication system includes an additive and a delivery system. During normal operational conditions, the lubricating oil circulating in the transmission system is collected and contained in a secondary oil reservoir to retain a quantity of the lubricating oil for use in an oil-out condition. When an oil-out condition is detected, the additive is injected and mixed with the collected lubricating oil in the secondary oil reservoir or dispersed directly into a power transmission gearbox housing to enhance the characteristics of the lubricating oil and increases the operational time period of the power transmission gearbox during an oil-out condition.

Abstract: A unitary, skid-type sound attenuator assembly for simultaneously managing sound from multiple sources. The assembly may include a dedicated muffler for each sound source. In turn, each of these mufflers includes an outlet for directing sound toward a location such as between the various mufflers of the assembly so as to provide an added level of noise cancellation. Additionally, the assembly may include an attenuator at such a common central location for further noise reduction. The attenuator may also serve a filtering function, for example where the sound sources are engines and the assembly is utilized for managing exhaust therefrom such as in an oilfield environment.

Abstract: A vaporizer for an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine has a vaporizer tube and a holding sleeve in which the vaporizer tube is inserted. A clamping sleeve sits on the vaporizer tube. The vaporizer tube includes two circumferentially surrounding clamping surfaces which protrude in a radial direction and cooperate with the holding sleeve and the clamping sleeve such that the clamping surfaces are clamped between the holding sleeve and the clamping sleeve by an axial clamping force to be gastight. At least one of the holding sleeve and the clamping sleeve includes a surrounding sealing edge which rests against the respective clamping surface via a line contact and forms an annular sealing seat. The vaporizer further includes a device preventing relative rotation between the holding sleeve and the vaporizer tube. A heater of the vaporizer is attached to the vaporizer tube using a resistance welding method.

Abstract: A mitigating system to remove contaminants from an exhaust gas and generate electrical power utilizes a first and second particle acquisition tower (PAT) unit, a first and second carbon dioxide precipitator (CAP) unit, a clean air turbine (CAT) unit, and a first and second gravity enhance separator (AGES) unit. The first PAT unit receives and purify the exhaust gas as the first AGES unit is in fluid communication with the first PAT unit. The exhaust gas is then respectively discharge and purified through the first CAP unit, the CAT unit, the second PAT unit as the second AGES unit is in fluid communication with the second PAT unit. Then the exhaust gas is discharged and purified through the second CAP unit and released into atmosphere as clean exhaust gas. Additionally, the exhaust gas is able to produce electricity as the exhaust gas bypasses within the CAT unit.

Abstract: An ammonia generating device for treating exhaust gases of internal combustion engines, notably of automobile vehicles, includes a reservoir having a body capable of releasing ammonia by desorption and a heating device positioned inside the reservoir to heat the body in the reservoir. The heating device comprises a heat generating element that has an elongated form. The heating device further includes at least one heat transfer feature laid out along an axial direction of the heat generating element and extending in a direction radial to the heat generating element.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatuses are provided for determining an SCR component sulfur value, determining whether the SCR component sulfur value exceeds a sulfur regeneration threshold and increasing an engine NO amount incident to an SCR catalyst in response to the SCR component sulfur value exceeding the sulfur regeneration threshold.

Abstract: An incorrect or wrong diagnosis in abnormality diagnosis of a sensor is suppressed. Provided at the downstream side of an NOx selective reduction catalyst is a sensor which detects NOx and ammonia in an exhaust gas flowing out of the NOx selective reduction catalyst, and in which the NOx and the ammonia react with each other. An amount of decrease in an output of the sensor due to a reaction of the NOx and the ammonia in the sensor is calculated based on the NOx and the ammonia flowing out of the NOx catalyst, and an abnormality diagnosis of the sensor is carried out based on this amount of decrease in the output of the sensor.

Abstract: An aftertreatment system is provided for an engine. The aftertreatment system may have at least one exhaust passage and a plurality of reductant injectors that are controllable to dose reductant into the at least one exhaust passage. The aftertreatment system may also have at least one sensor configured to generate a signal indicative of an exhaust parameter and a controller in communication with each of the plurality of reductant injectors and the sensor. The controller may be configured to dynamically adjust the dosing of the plurality of injectors, wherein adjusting the dosing includes adjusting at least one of an injector timing, an injector sequence, and a grouping of the plurality of injectors that are simultaneously injecting based on the signal.

Abstract: A heatable fluid line having a tube and a connector at an end of the tube, the fluid line including an inlet channel with a longitudinal axis, and a heating rod arranged in the interior of the tube and projecting laterally out of the connector through an outlet channel at a predetermined angle to the longitudinal axis. A seal is arranged between the heating rod and the connector in an accommodation space that includes a circumferential wall. An arrangement is provided that centers the heating rod and a seal in relation to one another to seal the heating rod. as it is guided laterally outwards.