Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method generating secondary data in geostatistics using observed data. The method for generating secondary data in geostatistics using observed data includes receiving prepared spatial correlation data, primary data, and observed data; generating initial models by performing a geostatistical technique using the spatial correlation data and the primary data; extracting a best representative model using the observed data from the initial models; and creating final models by converging candidate models.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for determining a location of karst caves in a geological model. The method comprising for each current point of a set of points of a closed space of the model, determining a distance value; receiving an average value; and for each current point of the set of points of the closed space, determining a presence of caves for the current point. The determination at the presence of caves depends at least on the received average value and on the distance value determined for the current point. A collapse procedure can also be implemented as described in the description.

Abstract: Techniques for processing down hole information including detecting bed boundaries are disclosed. In some embodiments, a bottom hole assembly includes a down hole tool and a processing apparatus. The down hole tool includes at least one antenna pair to determine resistivity data during rotation of the down hole tool. The processing apparatus is attached to the down hole tool and includes a machine-readable medium that stores a formation model database comprising multiple formation models. The processing apparatus further includes a processor that executes program code to receive the resistivity data during down hole operation of the down hole tool, and to solve for at least resistivity formation parameters using a selected one of the formation models and a selected portion of the received resistivity data. The processor further executes program code to update the selected formation model based, at least in part, on the resistivity formation parameters.

Abstract: A water collection device is described. In one embodiment, a water collection device includes a collection tube having an inner wall, an open mouth at its upper end, and a closed bottom end, the bottom end including an upwardly projecting sidewall defining an interior projection at least partly spaced apart from the inner wall. The water collection device also includes a float within the collection tube. The float has an upper end and a lower end, the lower end having an axial bore sized to fit over the interior projection defined by the upwardly projecting sidewall.

Abstract: A contact lens for the human eye includes a matrix and polymer nanocapsules mixed in the matrix. The polymer nanocapsule is calculated to decompose by chemical reaction and thereby release oxygen, to prevent corneal hypoxia. A material for making a contact lens is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to ionic silicone hydrogel polymers displaying improved lysozyme uptake, low contact angle and reduced water soluble polymeric ammonium salt uptake.

Abstract: An optical element including, on a substrate, an anti-reflection layer on multiple small concave protrusions, which have a modal pitch less than or equal to a wavelength of light in an environment where the optical element is to be used, are formed; in which 80% or more of the concave protrusions include one or more steps, and satisfy the following conditions: 0.12d?ws?0.17d and 0.42h?zs?0.52h, in which d is a diameter of the concave protrusions, h is a depth of the concave protrusions, ws is a total width of the steps in any cut surface; and zs is an average depth of the steps.

Abstract: An anti-scratch film, including a film base and an anti-scratch layer on one side of the film base. The anti-scratch layer includes a plurality of protrusions.

Abstract: A window member includes a first member and a second member, and is divided into a transmission area and a light blocking area. The first member includes a first base member, and a first decoration member on a portion of a surface of the first base member. The second member includes a second base member, and a second decoration member on a portion of a surface of the second base member configured to define a boundary line between the transmission area and the light blocking area. The second base member includes a first area on which the second decoration member is disposed and corresponding to a portion of the light blocking area; a second area corresponding to the transmission area, and a third area corresponding to the remaining portion of the light blocking area. The first decoration member overlaps with the third area and partially overlaps with the first area.

Abstract: A plastic lens element includes an effective optical portion and a peripheral portion in order from an optical axis to an edge thereof. The peripheral portion includes a plurality of rib structures, wherein each of the rib structures has a strip shape in a radial direction of the optical axis, and the rib structures are arranged around the effective optical portion and indirectly connected to the effective optical portion.

Abstract: A deformable membrane assembly comprising a fixed support, a fluid-filled envelope, one wall of which is formed by an elastic membrane that is held under tension around its edge by a flexible membrane supporting member, the supporting member being coupled to the fixed support at a plurality of discrete control points around the supporting member by engaging members for controlling the position of the membrane edge; and an adjuster for adjusting the pressure of the fluid within the envelope to adjust the shape of the membrane; wherein at least three control points are provided that are situated around the membrane edge at spaced locations selected to increase the energy of the lowest order out-of-plane bending mode of the supporting member while allowing the membrane to deform according to one or more selected Zernike polynomials. An article of eyewear comprising such a deformable membrane assembly is also disclosed.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing a light-blocking material for optical devices which is provided with a light-blocking coat achieving low gloss while maintaining the necessary physical properties of a light-blocking coat, i.e. a light-blocking property, even when the light-blocking coat is formed extremely thinly. In the method for producing the light-blocking material for optical devices which is provided with the light-blocking coat, a coating liquid including at least a binder resin, black microparticles, and a dye is prepared. A dye including a metal such as chrome oxide, iron oxide, or cobalt oxide is preferably used as the dye. The coating liquid is subsequently applied to a base material, and dried to form the light-blocking coat.

Abstract: Provided are an adhesive composition, an adhesive film, a brightness enhancing film including the adhesive film, and a backlight unit including the same.

Abstract: Tooling and optic elements for a retro-imaging system may be formed on order near atomic level of accuracy by making use of either etching or growth techniques of a cubic crystal lattice, such as silicon. The elements may be formed directly using selective etching or epitaxial growth by coating and clear resin lamination, or replicated to avoid shrinkage and curvature by use of low shrinkage resins or double-fill molding techniques. Through the use of these highly accurate reflection/diffraction elements, floating images may be formed with relatively high resolution in retro-reflective imaging systems, for example.

Abstract: Retroreflective articles include a layer of optical elements, and a polyurethane bead bond layer. The optical elements include transparent microspheres, and at least one reflective layer. The polyurethane bead bond layer is the reaction product of a reaction mixture of at least one aliphatic polycarbonate polyol and at least one polyisocyanate, and the reaction mixture is free of polyols containing unsaturated groups. The retroreflective articles have improved wash durability.

Abstract: Provided is a retroreflective body 10 that has a first optical panel 16 in which orthogonal first and second inclined planes 11 and 12 are arranged on one surface side by side in a triangle wave pattern in cross section and a second optical panel 17 in which longitudinal grooves 14 having vertical planes 19 orthogonal to the first and second inclined planes 11 and 12, widened outwardly and each being serrated in cross section are formed in plurality. First and second inclined reflective planes 24 and 25 are formed on the first and second inclined planes 11 and 12, and vertical reflective planes 27 are formed on the vertical planes 19. In a volumetric image display apparatus 50, a half mirror 51 is arranged on this retroreflective body 10 in a crossed state.

Abstract: An optical element is disclosed. The optical element comprises: a first phase shift mask formed on a first optical material and constituted to generate a positive phase shift, and a second phase shift mask formed on a second optical material and constituted to generate a negative phase shift, wherein the phase shift masks are arranged serially on an optical axis, and wherein a refractive index of at least one of the first and second optical materials varies with the temperature at a rate of at least 50×10?6 per degree Kelvin.

Abstract: A spectral device includes a polarizing filter and an optical filter. The polarizing filter transmits part of light incident on the polarizing filter, the part of light having a particular polarization component. Light that is incident on and passes through the polarizing filter is converted into linearly polarized light. Light that has passed through the polarizing filter is incident on the optical filter. The optical filter transmits light within a particular frequency range. The optical filter includes a metal layer and a dielectric layer. The dielectric layer is disposed on the metal layer. Multiple slits are formed in the metal layer. The multiple slits are arranged at equal intervals in a predetermined direction. The multiple slits extend in a direction perpendicular to a direction in which the light that has passed through the polarizing filter is polarized.

Abstract: An optical filter and an imaging device comprising the optical filter are provided. The optical filter comprises: a binder resin; a light absorption layer containing at least two kinds of light absorbents dispersed in the binder resin; and a near-infrared reflection layer.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a coated glass or glass-ceramic substrate, wherein at least two coating layers are applied to each side of the substrate. Each of the coating layers comprises one or more metal oxides, and optionally a dopant. The dopant can be a halogen or post transition metal. The coated substrate can have two coating layers on each side, three coating layers on each side, or two coating layers on one side and three coating layers on the other side. The properties of each of the coating layers are adjusted so that the coated substrate can reflect infrared light in targeted wavelength ranges. The properties that can be adjusted include the number of coating layers, the coating layer thickness, the coating layer composition, the index of refraction of each coating layer, and the location of each coating layer according to their index of refraction.

Abstract: A display device including a display panel comprising a window base substrate, a resin layer, a ultra violet (UV) pattern layer, a first color layer, a second color layer, a decoration layer, and a third color layer, and a display panel below a lower portion of the third color layer. The decoration layer comprises a cover layer and a logo layer.

Abstract: A Raman edge filter and a method of manufacturing the same, wherein in order to obtain a Raman spectrum for compound analysis in a Raman spectrometer using a deep-ultraviolet ray (UV) laser, the Raman edge filter functions to eliminate a deep-UV laser wavelength, which is a light source, and to transmit Raman scattered light.

Abstract: An optical filter includes a first film having an upper surface, a lower surface, a first side, and a second side. A second film is included that has an upper surface, a lower surface, a first side, and a second side. A third film is included that has an upper surface, a lower surface, a first side, and a second side. The first side of the first film is connected to the second side of the second film. The first side of the second film is connected to the second side of the third film. The lower surface of the first film is optically adjacent to the upper surface of the second film. The lower surface of the second film is optically adjacent to the upper surface of the third film. Methods of manufacture and use are also described.

Abstract: It is an object of the invention to provide a method for manufacturing a long laminated polarizing plate having a long polarizing coating formed by coating directly on a long retardation film and to provide such a long laminated polarizing plate. The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a long laminated polarizing plate comprising a long retardation film having a slow axis in its longitudinal direction and a long polarizing coating placed on the retardation film and having an absorption axis or a transmission axis in an in-plane direction at an angle of 25 to 65° to the slow axis direction of the long retardation film, the method comprising the steps: (A) preparing a long retardation film having a slow axis in its longitudinal direction and having an Nz coefficient of 1.

Abstract: A multilayer reflective polarizer substantially rotationally symmetric about an optical axis passing thorough an apex of the multilayer reflective polarizer and convex along orthogonal first and second axes orthogonal to the optical axis is described. The multilayer reflective polarizer has at least one first location having a radial distance r1 from the optical axis and a displacement s1 from a plane perpendicular to the optical axis at the apex, where s1/r1 is at least 0.1. The multilayer reflective polarizer may have at least one inner layer substantially optically uniaxial at at least one first location away from the apex. For an area of the reflective polarizer defined by s1 and r1, a maximum variation of a transmission axis of the reflective polarizer may be less than about 2 degrees.

Abstract: A light-diffusing optical fiber that provides a symmetric intensity distribution of forward and backward scattered light is described. The fiber includes a secondary coating that contains scattering centers. Control of the thickness of the secondary coating and concentration of scattering centers provides control over the distribution of scattered intensity. More symmetric distributions of scattered light intensity are realized by increasing the thickness of the secondary coating and/or the concentration of scattering centers in the secondary coating. Representative scattering centers include oxide nanoparticles.

Abstract: A light guide plate, a backlight module and a display device are provided. The light guide plate includes a main body, plural first microstructure portions and plural second microstructure portions. The main body includes a light-incident surface and an optical surface. The light-incident surface is connected to the optical surface, and the optical surface includes a first area. The first microstructure portions are disposed on the first area of the optical surface. The second microstructure portions are disposed on the first area of the optical surface, in which the second microstructure portions and the first microstructure portions are alternately arranged and aligned with each other, and the first microstructure portions are different from the second microstructure portions.

Abstract: The disclosure is related to a backlight module comprising a light guide plate, a light source assembly and a frame. The frame surrounds the light guide plate. The light source assembly is arranged between the light incident surface of the light guide plate and the frame. The light source assembly comprises a substrate, a light emitting body and a transparent body. The transparent body packages the light emitting body on the substrate. The outer surface of the transparent body facing the light emitting body is a light emitting surface having a groove formed thereon facing the light incident surface of the light guide plate. The groove enables the light emitted from the transparent body to congest toward the direction of the center of the light guide plate to increase the optical coupling efficient of the backlight module. The disclosure further provides a liquid crystal display device.

Abstract: A quantum dot backlight module is disclosed. The quantum dot backlight module comprises a light source; a quantum dot layer, which emits fluorescence after being excited by light that is emitted by the light source; and a light guide plate, which guides the fluorescence that is emitted by the quantum dot layer to a needed direction, wherein the quantum dot layer is arranged on a light-entering side of the light guide plate, and a colloid layer is arranged between the light source and the quantum dot layer so as to enable the light source and the quantum dot layer to be bonded with each other closely, whereby the light source, the quantum dot layer, and the light guide plate are assembled together.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a liquid crystal display panel and a backlight. The backlight includes a light guide plate, an LED, and a wavelength converter between the light guide plate and the LED. The wavelength converter includes semiconductor quantum dots in a supporter, to which a reflection film is applied except surfaces that face the LED and the light guide plate.

Abstract: An optical plate is an optical plate for irradiating a target with light, and includes a light input surface for inputting the light, a light output surface for outputting the light, a back surface opposite to the light output surface, and a light diffusion portion formed at least inside the optical plate by converging laser light, for diffusing the light. The light input surface is a surface between the light output surface and the back surface, and the light input from the light input surface is diffused in the light diffusion portion and output from the light output surface.

Abstract: A light guide plate display device includes a light guide plate, a plurality of light source devices, and a plurality of prisms. The light guide plate includes a display face and a plurality of end faces, and is formed of a light transmitting material. The light source devices are provided along respective end faces of the light guide plate, and radiate light from the end face toward an inside of the light guide plate. The prisms are formed inside the light guide plate. The prisms respectively have a plurality of side faces which face the respective light source devices. The respective side faces are inclined at least in two stages of a transmitting inclined face which transmits light radiated from the light source device, and a reflecting inclined face which reflects the light radiated from the light source device, and outputs the light to the display face, in a thickness direction of the light guide plate.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a LCD panel having a first polarizer, a first substrate, a second substrate and a second polarizer are sequentially provided from a front surface side, a frame which surrounds the LCD panel and has a first opening having first to fourth sides, a planar light source disposed on the rear surface side of the LCD panel in the first opening, a plurality of optical sheet groups which are disposed between the planar light source and the LCD panel, and an adhesive layer which has a second opening formed along the first to fourth sides of the frame. A front surface side of the adhesive layer is adhered to the LCD panel along at least the first side, and a rear surface side of the adhesive layer is adhered to the plurality of optical sheet groups and the frame along at least the first side.

Abstract: A backlight module which includes: a light guide plate having a first light incident side surface, a second light incident side surface and a third light incident side surface; wherein the second light incident side surface is connected to the first light incident side surface, the third light incident side surface is connected to the first light incident side surface, and the second light incident side surface is opposite to the third light incident side surface; and light source assemblies respectively disposed at a position opposite to the first light incident side surface, a position opposite to the second light incident side surface and a position opposite to the third light incident side surface. A liquid crystal display having the backlight module is also disclosed. The liquid crystal display and the backlight module thereof of the present disclosure improve optical couple efficiency while thinning a display.

Abstract: A high color gamut backlight module including a non-opaque first plastic frame, a light guide plate, an optical membrane set and a quantum membrane; the optical membrane set and the quantum membrane are stacked, from top to bottom, on the light guide plate; an inner side surface and a top surface of the first plastic frame are provided opposite to one end surface of the light guide plate and a lower surface of the quantum membrane, respectively; a top surface of the first plastic frame is a yellow fluorescent layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a backlight module and a liquid crystal display device including the backlight module. The backlight module includes a rear plate, a light guide plate, an optical film, a reflection sheet, and a position transformation mechanism. The position transformation mechanism is used to interchange the positions of the optical film and the reflection sheet, so that the optical film is located at one of a front surface and a back surface of the light guide plate, and the reflection sheet is located at the other one of the front surface and the back surface of the light guide plate. The backlight module broadens the application scope of liquid crystal display devices, thus providing users with more human-oriented services.

Abstract: The present invention provides a backlight module, wherein the backlight module comprises a glue frame, a backlight source, a light guide plate, a quantum tube and an optical thin film, and the light guide plate comprises an incident surface and an illuminating surface, and the backlight source comprises a substrate and a plurality of lamp sources on the substrate aligned in a straight line, and the quantum tube comprises a mainbody and two bending sections at two ends of the mainbody, and the glue frame is arranged to surround the light guide plate and periphery of the optical thin film, and the quantum tube is installed on the substrate and arranged to be parallel with the plurality of lamp sources, and bending sections at the two ends of the mainbody are located at outer sides of the lamp sources at two ends of the plurality of the lamp sources.

Abstract: A display device, or the like, in which heat generated from LED is radiated, and it is possible to provide a plurality of portions to which a stand can be attached is provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a backlight module and a display device. The backlight module includes a back plate and a light guide plate on the back plate. The light guide plate includes a light incidence side. An edge of the light guide plate that is adjacent to the light incidence side has an inclined first portion. An angle defined between the inclined first portion and the light incidence side is an obtuse angle. At least one first column is on the back plate at a position corresponding to the first portion of the edge adjacent to the light incidence side of the light guide plate. Each first column is in contact with the first portion of the light guide plate.

Abstract: A display device including a backlight module and a display panel is provided. The backlight module includes a frame, a light guide element, and a light source. The light guide element is connected to the frame and has a light incident surface, a light emitting surface, and a back surface. The back surface is opposite to the light emitting surface and serves as an appearance surface of the display device. The light source is disposed in the frame and aligned with the light incident surface. The display panel is connected to the frame, and the light emitting surface faces the display panel. A backlight module is also provided. The display device and the backlight module provided in the invention are thinner and lighter, and have a desirable appearance.

Abstract: Disclosed wherein is an electrical faceplate, such as a cover for a wall outlet or light switch, that uniformly illuminates by receiving light into a transparent lightguide, homogenizing the light within the lightguide and scattering the homogenized light preferentially through a front surface. In one embodiment a faceplate comprises a substrate operable to cover an interface between an electrical junction box and a wall. The faceplate further comprises a light receiving surface operable to receive light from a light generation component (e.g. an LED) and transmit the light substantially parallel to a front surface, thereby promoting reflection at the front surface that homogenizes the light intensity within the faceplate and a portion operable to scatter light through the front surface. Several embodiments provide a faceplate with a lightguide to homogenize light through a process of total internal reflection to provide uniform illumination of the faceplate.

Abstract: A side grating based light coupling system comprises an optical fiber, a side grating disposed on one side of the lateral wall of the optical fiber, and a laser array disposed adjacent to the other side of the lateral wall of the optical fiber. The side grating comprises a plurality of grating elements arranged in a non-uniform arrangement. The laser array for generating a laser beam towards and passes through the optical fiber, and the laser beam is converted into at least one laser beam through the plurality grating elements. The diffraction efficiencies of the converted laser beams are different. The converted laser beams propagate inside the optical fiber based on total internal reflection. The plurality of grating elements of the side grating are heterogeneous arrangement without loading the optical collimating lens, and can reduce scattering loss by controlling the asymmetric diffraction efficiency, to improve optical coupling efficiency.

Abstract: Methods of applying adhesion promoters to optical fibers are described. The methods include direct application of an adhesion promoter onto the surface of the optical fiber. The adhesion promoter is applied in liquid form as a neat compound or as a component of a liquid solution to the surface of the optical fiber. The adhesion promoter bonds to the optical fiber and includes functional groups that permit bonding with an overlying polymer coating to improve the adhesive strength of the polymer coating to the fiber.

Abstract: According to some embodiments an optical fiber comprising: (I) a silica based core having: an inner core region with maximum refractive index delta of the core, ?0 in % measured relative to pure SiO2?0.1%, and an outer core region with a minimum refractive index delta ?1, where ?1<?0; such that the fiber has: (i) an effective area Aeff?=1525 of LP01 mode at a wavelength ?=1525 nm such that 80 ?m2<Aeff?=1525<250 ?m2; and (ii) an effective area Aeff?=1475 of LP01 mode at wavelength ?=1450 nm such that 60 ?m2<Aeff?=1475, wherein Aeff?=1525>Aeff?=1475, and (Aeff?=1525?Aeff?=1475)/Aeff?=1525?0.07; and (II) an annular cladding surrounding the core, the cladding including: (i) a low index ring surrounding the core and having a minimum refractive index delta ?RMIN, where ?R,MIN??1; and (ii) an outer cladding with a refractive index delta ?Outer-Clad relative to pure silica, such that ?Outer-Clad>?R,MIN.

Abstract: A semiconductor optical integrated device includes: a substrate; at least a lower cladding layer, a waveguide core layer, and an upper cladding layer sequentially layered on the substrate, a buried hetero structure waveguide portions each having a waveguide structure in which a semiconductor cladding material is embedded near each of both sides of the waveguide core layer; and a ridge waveguide portion having a waveguide structure in which a semiconductor layer including at least the upper cladding layer protrudes in a mesa shape. Further, a thickness of the upper cladding layer in each of the buried hetero structure waveguide portions is greater than a thickness of the upper cladding layer in the ridge waveguide portion.

Abstract: A photonic integrated circuit is provided that may include a substrate; one or more optical sources, on the substrate, to output light associated with a corresponding one or more optical signals; one or more waveguides connected to the one or more optical sources; a multiplexer connected to the one or more waveguides; and one or more light absorptive structures, located on the substrate adjacent to one of the one or more optical sources, one of the one or more waveguides, and/or the multiplexer, to absorb a portion of the light associated with at least one of the corresponding one or more optical signals.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus for a photonic chip. The photonic chip includes one or more electronic components in addition to one or more optical components. An optical coupler can be utilized for coupling external optical fibers or sources with the optical components. The optical coupler can include a beam splitter for splitting an incident light having both trans-electric (TE) and trans-magnetic (TM) polarizations into two beams having only TE and TM polarizations. The light beam with TM polarization is incident on a grating coupler on the chip having a horn section, which includes gratings. The light beam is reflected onto the grating coupler such that the direction of TM polarization is within the first plane of incidence, and the first beam of light is incident on the first plurality of gratings at an angle with respect to a normal to the plane of the first grating coupler.

Abstract: A high-refractive-index double-compensation-scattering-cylinder right-angle waveguide of a hole-type square lattice photonic crystal, being a photonic crystal formed by arranging a first dielectric cylinder having a low refractive index in a background dielectric having a high refractive index in a square lattice; one row and one column of the first dielectric cylinders having a low refractive index are removed from the photonic crystal to form a right-angle waveguide; a second dielectric cylinder and a third dielectric cylinder having low refractive indexes are respectively arranged at two turns of the right-angle waveguide; and the second and third dielectric cylinders are compensation scattering cylinders, and are low-refractive-index cylinders or air holes, and the first dielectric cylinders are low-refractive-index cylinders or air holes. The right-angle waveguide has an extremely low reflectivity and an extremely high transmission rate, thus facilitating an integration of a large-scale light path.

Abstract: An optical system is disclosed. The optical system comprising: a substrate; and a subwavelength photonic crystal waveguide atop the substrate, wherein the subwavelength photonic crystal waveguide comprises a periodic one or two-dimensional array of two or more interleaved dielectric pillars; wherein the periodicity of the one or two-dimensional array is constant, a combination of two or more periods, or random; wherein the one or two-dimensional array is substantially linear or curved; wherein each of the pillars of the one or two-dimensional array is at least one of a triangular prism, a trapezoidal prism, an elliptic cylinder, a cylinder, a tube, a frustum, a pyramid, a trapezoidal prism, and an asymmetric frustum; and wherein each of the pillars of the one or two-dimensional array comprises a solid, liquid, and/or gas. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: A high-refractive-index single-compensation-scattering-cylinder right-angle waveguide of a cylindrical square lattice photonic crystal, being a photonic crystal formed by arranging a first dielectric cylinder having a high refractive index in a background dielectric having a low refractive index in a square lattice; one row and one column of the first dielectric cylinders having a high refractive index are removed from the photonic crystal to form a right-angle waveguide; a second dielectric cylinder having a high refractive index is arranged at a turn of the right-angle waveguide; and the second dielectric cylinder is a compensation scattering cylinder, and the first dielectric cylinders are high-refractive-index cylinders. The structure has an extremely low reflectivity and an extremely high transmission rate, thus facilitating an integration of a large-scale light path.