Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an ergonomically designed vaginal speculum. The speculum includes a body portion comprising a handle configured to be grasped by a user of the speculum, a lower bill, and a transition portion between the handle and the lower bill. The speculum further includes an upper bill rotatably coupled to the lower bill at the transition portion, allowing the upper bill to move relative to the lower bill to move the speculum into an open position, a window frame coupled to the upper bill defining a viewing window, and an actuation mechanism coupled to the upper bill to cause separation of the upper bill from the lower bill. The transition portion creates an angle greater than 90 degrees between the handle and the lower bill. The speculum may further include a locking mechanism and an illumination source.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to methods and apparatuses relating to a speculum. The speculum includes a handle, a first bill and a second bill, where a proximal end portion of the first bill and the second bill are coupled to an upper portion of the handle and configured to open along a first axis, a third bill and a fourth bill, where a proximal end portion of the third bill and the fourth bill are coupled to the upper portion of the handle and configured to open along a second axis substantially orthogonal to the first axis and an actuation mechanism that causes the first bill and the second bill to move between an open position and a closed position. In some embodiments, the speculum includes a locking mechanism with a rocker mechanism, a lock strip contained in a handle of the speculum, and a pawl coupled to the handle.

Abstract: A method of visual testing of an individual (10) includes the steps of: a) placing the individual at a predetermined observation distance (D1) from a display surface (21) at which the individual observes, with a natural head carriage, the display surface; b) displaying, on the display surface, a visual test including at least one test image (22) in a visual field of the individual; and c) determining, on the display surface, a boundary (23) of zones of optimal/degraded vision of the test image by the individual in the configuration resulting from steps a) and b), the boundary delimiting respectively a zone of optimal vision (23A) and a zone of degraded vision (23B) of the visual field, for which zones the individual indicates that he sees the test image of the visual test in an optimal manner, respectively in a degraded manner.

Abstract: The invention relates to a vision testing system and to a method for testing the eyes of a subject, comprising a display device by means of which optotypes can be visualized to at least one eye of the subject, comprising a control device for controlling the display device, the display device comprising a backlit screen, the display device having a camera device by means of which the eyes of the subject can be captured, the display device having an illuminating device comprising an infrared light source by means of which the eyes of the subject can be illuminated.

Abstract: The invention relates to a vision testing system (10) and to a method for testing the eyes of a subject, comprising a display device (11, 12, 13) by means of which optotypes can be visualized to at least one eye of the subject, comprising a control device (14) for controlling the display device, the display device comprising a backlit screen (19, 30, 35), the screen having an adjusting device for adjusting a screen luminance of the screen to an ambient luminance, the adjusting device having a measuring means for measuring the screen luminance.

Abstract: A method for detecting refractive errors in the eye that are attributable to a suboptimal surface shape of the front surface and/or rear surface of the cornea. An OCT volume scan and/or one or more OCT line scans of the front eye section are carried out; using the measured values, the front and rear surface of the cornea are detected by an edge detection process; the topography of the front and rear surface of the cornea are determined; and refractive errors are determined from said topographies.

Abstract: Examples of methods and apparatus for an accurate measurement of the anterior surface of the eye including the conical and scleral regions are disclosed. The measurements provide a three-dimensional map of the surface which can be used for a variety of ophthalmic and optometric applications from astigmatism and keratoconus diagnostics to scleral lens fitting.

Abstract: A self-adhering, flexible contact lens for adhering to cornea and scleral regions of an eye includes a central lens having a body including a contact surface and a viewing surface, the contact surface having a radius of curvature R1 that approximates the radius of curvature of the cornea, an eye fixation system attached to the central lens, and a cut-out portion of the contact lens.

Abstract: An optical measurement apparatus for an eyeball includes a light emission section that emits light to travel across an anterior chamber inside an eyeball of a measurement subject, a light reception section that receives light traveling across the anterior chamber, a holding member that holds the light emission section and the light reception section, and an adjustment section that is provided in the holding member and switches an angle of the light emitted from the light emission section toward the anterior chamber to adjust the angle of the light to an angle at which the light travels across the anterior chamber and received by the light reception section.

Abstract: A fundus camera with an OCT measurement module, in which, after the focusing objective, a mirror switches the light to be detected either to the OCT measurement module or an image detector. This design also renders it possible to carry out a method for improved focusing in order to improve the recording quality of the individual modalities. Furthermore, the multimodal measuring instrument distinguishes itself by an operating concept according to the invention. Such combination instruments are advantageous in that, as a result of the reduction from two instruments to one, less space is required than in the case of two separate instruments. Furthermore, reseating of the patient is avoided if recordings or measurements of different modalities should be made for one and the same patient, as a result of which the procedures in the medical practices and clinics can be influenced positively.

Abstract: A system, method, medium, controller, or ophthalmoscope for imaging a fundus of a subject. Estimating a first illumination center position for an illumination beam relative to a center position of a pupil of the subject. The first illumination center position may be offset from the center position of the pupil. Sending instructions to an ophthalmoscope to shift a center position of the illumination beam to the first illumination center position.

Abstract: An intraocular pressure detecting device includes a pressure generation unit, a light source, an image sensing unit and a processing unit. The pressure generation unit applies pressure to a target surface of an eyeball along a first operation axis direction, such that a deformation is generated on the target surface. The light source emits light that irradiates the target surface along a second operation axis direction, so as to generate a speckle pattern on the target surface. The image sensing unit observes and records an image variation of the speckle pattern along a third operation axis direction. The processing unit is signally connected with the image sensing unit to receive an image of the speckle pattern. The processing unit identifies and analyzes a feature size of the image of the speckle pattern for obtaining an intraocular pressure value of the eyeball. An intraocular pressure detecting method is also described.

Abstract: A method for obtaining physiological data from a medical sensor device includes detecting a proximity of the medical sensor device by an electronic computing device. After the proximity is detected, a message is received from the medical sensor device. A determination is made as to whether the received message includes configuration information for a wireless communication link. When the received message includes the configuration information for the wireless communication link, the wireless communication link is used to receive physiological data from the medical sensor device and the received physiological data is processed at the electronic computing device. When the received message does not include configuration information for the wireless communication link, a determination is made as to whether the received message includes physiological data. When the received message includes the physiological data, the physiological data is processed at the electronic computing device.

Abstract: Various embodiments relate generally to continuous monitoring of analyte values received from an analyte sensor system. In some example embodiments, there is provided a method that includes receiving sensor information, calculating and storing estimated analyte measurement values based upon the received sensor information. The method also includes determining one or more communication conditions, and instructing a transceiver to advertise to a first display device in accordance with one or more communication variables based upon the one or more communication conditions. The method then transmits the estimated analyte measurement values to the at least first display device. Related systems, methods, and articles of manufacture are also described.

Abstract: Systems and methods for remote and host monitoring communication are disclosed. In some implementations, monitoring systems can comprise a host monitoring device associated with a Host communicatively coupled to one or more remote monitoring devices associated with Remote Monitors. The host monitoring device can send communications based at least in part on analyte measurements of a Host sensor and/or other contextual data giving such measurements context. Different remote monitoring devices can receive different communications based at least in part on the role of the respective Remote Monitors relative to the Host. These roles can be reflected in classifications of Remote Monitors.

Abstract: Systems and methods for remote and host monitoring communication are disclosed. In some implementations, monitoring systems can comprise a host monitoring device associated with a Host communicatively coupled to one or more remote monitoring devices associated with Remote Monitors. The host monitoring device can send communications based at least in part on analyte measurements of a Host sensor and/or other contextual data giving such measurements context. Different remote monitoring devices can receive different communications based at least in part on the role of the respective Remote Monitors relative to the Host. These roles can be reflected in classifications of Remote Monitors.

Abstract: A system for monitoring the health of an individual by providing biometric sensors attached to or inside the skin of a patient, along with a transmitter connected to the sensors for transmitting data from the sensors to a central monitoring station via a receiver located near the sensors. The sensor system is connected to an RFID tag, which communicates with an RFID reader in a remote location. The RFID tag transmits data from the sensors to the reader through the antenna, and the data is then analyzed by a microprocessor and an alert is communicated to a central monitoring station if the data from the sensors exceeds a preset threshold limit.

Abstract: A quantitative measurement system includes an external unit and an internal unit and is provided for obtaining quantitative analyte measurements, such as within the body. In one example application, the internal unit would be implanted either subcutaneously or otherwise within the body of a subject. The internal unit contains optoelectronics circuitry, a component of which may be comprised of a fluorescence sensing device. The optoelectronics circuitry obtains quantitative measurement information and modifies a load as a function of the obtained information. The load in turn varies the amount of current through coil, which is coupled to a coil of the external unit. A demodulator detects the current variations induced in the external coil by the internal coil coupled thereto, and applies the detected signal to processing circuitry, such as a pulse counter and computer interface, for processing the signal into computer-readable format for inputting to a computer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of the noninvasive optical in-vivo measurement of properties of flowing blood in a blood vessel within a body, for example for determining the concentration of blood constituents, wherein the body is irradiated with ultrasound radiation at an ultrasound frequency (fUS) in order to label a blood vessel, the body with the blood vessel is illuminated with light with at least one light wavelength and the back-scattered light is detected with a detector, the light component backscattered by the body outside of the blood vessel is modulated by a frequency (fMG) that corresponds to the frequency (fUS) of the ultrasound radiation, and the light component backscattered inside the blood vessel is modulated due to the Doppler effect in flowing blood with a frequency (fMB) that is shifted by the Doppler shift (fD) with respect to the frequency (fUS) of the ultrasound radiation, and an evaluation device extracts the signal component modulated by the shifted frequency (fMB) from the detect

Abstract: The present disclosure provides systems, methods and components of a mechanical palpation sensing device system. The mechanical palpation sensing device includes a plurality of probe tips. A plurality of force transfer pins extend from the plurality of probe tips. A transfer plate is coupled to the plurality of probe tips. The transfer plate houses the plurality of force transfer pins. The plurality of force transfer pins are independently slidable within the transfer plate. The mechanical palpation sensing device includes a sensor plate including a plurality of contact points. The plurality of sensors are positioned on at least one of the plurality of force transfer pins and the sensor plate intermediate the sensor plate and the plurality of force transfer pins to contact the plurality of contact points.

Abstract: A human sleep monitoring device, including a signal processing module (5), a reflecting film (3), a detection light emitting module (1) and a receiving module (4), wherein the detection light emitting module (1) is configured to emit detection light to the human body; the reflecting film (3) is configured to guide light, which is emitted by the detection light emitting module and not absorbed by the human body, to the receiving module (4); the receiving module (4) is configured to receive the light guided by the reflecting film (3); and the signal processing module (5) is configured to obtain physiological sign data of the human body according to intensity information of the light received by the receiving module (4). The device can monitor the sleep state of the human body in real time, and improve body sleep quality. A human sleep monitoring method is also provided.

Abstract: A laparoscopic apparatus for imaging subsurface blood flow of tissue, the laparoscopic apparatus including a light source emitting white light via a light guide, a laser source emitting laser light via an optical fiber and a laparoscope that alternatively receives reflected laser light emitted from the laser source, and reflected white light emitted from the light source. The apparatus further includes a computing device receives the sensed resulted from the laparoscope and generates laser speckle contrast images or white light images according to an output status of the light source and the laser source, and a display that is operatively associated with the computing device and that displays at least one of the laser speckle contrast images and the white light images, where the laser speckle contrast images show the subsurface blood flow.

Abstract: An object information acquiring apparatus according to the present invention includes: an acoustic wave detecting element which detects an acoustic wave propagating from an object and which outputs an acoustic signal; a reference element which receives an input of electrical noise corresponding to electrical noise input to the acoustic wave detecting element and which outputs a reference signal; a noise reducer which reduces a component derived from the electrical noise by subtracting the reference signal from the acoustic signal; and a processor which generates image data representing characteristic information of the object using the acoustic signal in which the component derived from the electrical noise has been reduced.

Abstract: There is provided an information acquisition apparatus configured to process a signal acquired by receiving an acoustic wave generated in a subject by irradiating the subject with light and propagated through a medium provided between the subject and a reception unit. The information acquisition apparatus includes a position setting unit configured to set a position of interest, and an acquisition unit configured to determine a first signal of interest derived from the acoustic wave generated at the position of interest and propagated through the medium as a transverse wave from among the signals with use of information indicating an acoustic velocity of the transverse wave in the medium, and acquire subject information at the position of interest with use of the first signal of interest.

Abstract: After light has been output to a subject to be examined, a photoacoustic wave induced in the subject by the output light is detected. It is assumed that at least one virtual detector element is present outside of a real detector, and dummy data corresponding to the at least one virtual detector element are added to photoacoustic data in which pieces of data of the photoacoustic wave detected by the detector are arranged in accordance with the positions of detector elements. A photoacoustic image is generated by reconstructing the photoacoustic data to which the dummy data have been added by using a Fourier transform method.

Abstract: In a photoacoustic image generation apparatus for generating a photoacoustic image of a subject including an interventional instrument for each scanning plane, there are provided: means for generating a reflected acoustic wave image of the subject for each scanning plane; means for detecting a change in a photoacoustic image on an observation scanning plane, which is generated as an image, from a plurality of photoacoustic images regarding the observation scanning plane; means for detecting a change in a reflected acoustic wave image on the observation scanning plane from a plurality of reflected acoustic wave images regarding the observation scanning plane; determination means for determining whether or not a distal end of the interventional instrument is present on the observation scanning plane based on the change in the photoacoustic image and the change in the reflected acoustic wave image; and notification means for sending notification of a result of the determination.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided in which data acquisition device detects and captures ambulatory radial arterial blood pressure in a non-invasive and continuous manner through the combined use of tonometry, accelerometry and photoplethysmography, together with the detecting and translating of Mayer waves. Transformed blood pressure data, together with motion and contextual data can be used as input for machine learning algorithms and biomathematical models which can predict the general state of health of an individual. Transformed blood pressure data, together with motion and contextual data, may be communicated via wireless communications to mobile devices and/or cloud based platforms.

Abstract: A system and method for deriving information on disease in vascular segments for example mean pressure, drop in mean pressure and/or hydraulic resistance, from such measured waveforms is described. The waveforms can, for example, be measured non-invasively using Doppler ultrasound or magnetic resonance techniques. Form Factors (Vff, Pff) for the velocity waveform and the central arterial pressure are determined.

Abstract: Hardware and software methodology are described for a non-invasive approach to blood pressure measurement in pulmonary artery and systemic arteries by using wall displacement and blood velocity that are measured using ultrasound, microwave techniques and/or other radiofrequency (RF) techniques.

Abstract: In embodiments of wearable device heart monitor systems, a wearable device has electrical contacts integrated in a housing base of the wearable device as electrodes designed to contact skin of a user while wearing the wearable device. A housing bezel of the wearable device designed as an additional point of contact on the wearable device. The wearable device includes an electromyography (EMG) system to receive electrical signals from at least two of the electrodes and detect muscular movement of the user. Further, the wearable device includes an electrocardiogram (ECG) system to receive and combine the electrical signals from the electrodes when the user touch contacts the housing bezel while wearing the wearable device to complete an ECG loop between the electrodes and the housing bezel for a heart rate reading of the user.

Abstract: Systems and methods for remote and host monitoring communication are disclosed. In some implementations, monitoring systems can comprise a host monitoring device associated with a Host communicatively coupled to one or more remote monitoring devices associated with Remote Monitors. The host monitoring device can send communications based at least in part on analyte measurements of a Host sensor and/or other contextual data giving such measurements context. Different remote monitoring devices can receive different communications based at least in part on the role of the respective Remote Monitors relative to the Host. These roles can be reflected in classifications of Remote Monitors.

Abstract: A system and method are presented for detecting and measuring pressure within a region of a body lumen or vessel. The pressure sensing system includes a light source for transmitting light through a pathway of fiber optic wire. A distal portion of the fiber optic wire is engaged to and extends along a guidewire. The distal portion of the fiber optic wire includes sensor station(s) made up of fiber Bragg gratings (FBG). The light transmitted to and reflected from the FBGs of the pressure sensing stations can be analyzed to provide one or more values.

Abstract: A system, method and non-transitory computer readable storage medium for monitoring a perfusion of a patient. The system, method and computer readable storage medium receive an indication of a voltage applied across a chest of the patient via a first electrode, receive a measurement of a current across the chest of the patient, resulting from the applied voltage via a second electrode, generate an impedance-based respiratory rate waveform based on the applied voltage and the measured current, generate a Fourier Transform of the respiratory rate waveform relative to a heartbeat of the patient, isolate cardiac artifacts in the Fourier Trans form and generate a perfusion waveform indicating a perfusion of a chest cavity of the patient based on the isolated cardiac artifacts.

Abstract: Disclosed are a blood pressure estimation device, etc., that is capable of highly accurate estimation of blood pressure. The blood pressure estimation device (101) has a blood pressure estimation unit (102) that: finds a specific blood pressure related to pulse wave information (2002), by browsing blood pressure information (2001) associating the pulse wave information and blood pressure related to pulse wave signals caused by blood pressure during a specific period and measured, the pulse wave information associating blood pressure during the specific period and the pulse wave signals; and estimates the blood pressure relating to the pulse wave information (2002) on the basis of the found specific blood pressure.

Abstract: Systems and methods for determining a blood pressure of a subject from a photoplethysmogram are disclosed. The systems and methods include acquiring raw photoplethysmogram (PPG) data from a subject by measuring light reflected from or transmitted through a portion of the subject's body, determining a mean beat shape from the raw PPG data, and analyzing the mean beat shape to determine a blood pressure of the subject. The method can include analyzing a distinct shape of the mean beat shape to determine the blood pressure. The method can include identifying individual beats within the raw PPG data, collecting motion data and filtering the individual beats against the motion data, measuring biometric features of filtered beats, scaling individual beats in time and amplitude, and measuring additional shape features of scaled beats.

Abstract: Embodiments herein describe a user device that includes a dual purpose coil (or inductor) used when performing inductive sensing and when transferring electrical power to the user device. When performing inductive sensing, the user device couples the coil to a sensing circuit which measures a resistivity of a lossy material inductively coupled to the coil. In one embodiment, the user device may be worn on the wrist of the user so that the sensing circuit measures the resistivity corresponding to the flow of blood in an artery or vein. By monitoring changes in the resistivity of the blood or artery, the user device can identify the heartbeat of the user. When transferring electrical power, the user device couples the coil to a charging circuit which receives the power provided by an external charging device that is inductively coupled to the coil.

Abstract: A sensor may include a first substrate having a sensing portion defining a sensor thereon and configured to be percutaneously inserted into a patient, and an extracorporeal circuit mounting portion defining at least one electrically conductive pad that is electrically connected to the sensor. The sensor may produce a signal indicative of a condition of the patient. An anisotropic medium may be disposed on the circuit mounting portion and may be electrically conductive in a direction through the medium and electrically insulating in directions along the medium. A second substrate may be mechanically mounted to the circuit mounting portion of the first substrate via the anisotropic medium with at least one electrically conductive terminal juxtaposed over the at least one electrically conductive pad. The anisotropic medium may establish local electrical contact between the at least one electrically conductive terminal and the at least one electrically conductive pad.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for controlling an entity in response to activity in a peripheral nerve comprising a plurality of fascicles. A multicontact electrode assembly is configured to record activity from the peripheral nerve. A processing component includes a sensor mapping component configured to quantify activity associated with a proper subset of the plurality of fascicles, an evaluation component configured to determine an adjustment of the status of the controlled entity from the quantified activity of the proper subset of the plurality of fascicles, and a controller configured to provide a control signal, representing the adjustment of the status of the controlled entity, to the controlled entity.

Abstract: A catheter is provided with improved position and/or location sensing with the use of single axis sensors that are mounted directly along a length or portion of the catheter whose position/location is of interest. The magnetic based, single axis sensors are provided on a single axis sensor (SAS) assembly, which can be linear or nonlinear as needed. A catheter of the present invention thus includes a catheter body and a distal member of a particular 2D or 3D configuration that is provided by a support member on which at least one, if not at least three single axis sensors, are mounted serially along a length of the support member. In one embodiment, the magnetic-based sensor assembly including at least one coil member that is wrapped on the support member, wherein the coil member is connected via a joint region to a respective cable member adapted to transmit a signal providing location information from the coil member to a mapping and localization system.

Abstract: A sudden heart attack prevention method using an electrocardiogram (ECG) is provided. The method includes obtaining a digital ECG electrical signal, generating digital ECG (X, Y) pattern information by processing the digital ECG electrical signal, sensing whether the digital ECG (X, Y) pattern information deviates from a normal condition, when the digital ECG (X, Y) pattern information deviates from the normal condition, comparing the digital ECG (X, Y) pattern information and an abnormality symptom type, and when it is determined that the digital ECG (X, Y) pattern information is a heart attack presymptom, informing an acquaintance and a hospital of the digital ECG (X, Y) pattern information. According to a configuration of the present invention, when a sudden heart attack occurs, first-aid treatment can be performed without missing the so-called “golden time.

Abstract: A device for analyzing electrophysiological data is disclosed. The device generates a signal indicative for a presence of a pulmonary vein potential component using processing means adapted for performing a stepwise analysis of the electrophysiological data. A corresponding method and computer application for installing on a device are also described.

Abstract: A system and method for assessing tissue properties of a subject within a region of interest (ROI) using a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system includes acquiring chemical-shift-encoded imaging data of the ROI. The method also includes determining, from imaging data a proton density water fraction (PDWF) map and quantifying, using the PDWF map, a property of tissue within the ROI. The method further includes generating, using the PDWF map, a report indicating the quantified property of the tissue. The tissue may include fibroglandular tissue (FGT).

Abstract: A method of monitoring glucose transport and/or metabolism in a tissue or an organ of a subject using spin-locking magnetic resonance (MR) includes acquiring pre-glucose MR data by executing a pre-glucose chemical exchange spin-lock (CESL) pulse sequence a number of times each including applying pre-glucose chemical exchange spin-lock pulse sequence irradiation to the tissue or the organ, administering glucose to the subject, acquiring post-glucose MR data by executing a post-glucose chemical exchange spin-lock (CESL) pulse sequence a number of times each including applying post-glucose chemical exchange spin-lock (CESL) pulse sequence irradiation to the tissue or the organ, and using the pre-glucose MR data and the post-glucose MR data to generate a measure of glucose transport, glucose metabolism or both glucose transport and glucose metabolism in the tissue or the organ.

Abstract: An electromagnetic wave sensor for determining an interstitial fluid parameter in vivo comprises an implantable housing, and a sensor component hermetically encapsulated within the implantable housing. The sensor component comprises an electromagnetic wave transmitter unit configured to emit an electromagnetic wave signal in a frequency range between 300 MHz and 3 THz penetrating the implantable housing and penetrating an interstitial fluid probe volume, an electromagnetic wave receiver unit configured to receive the electromagnetic wave signal modified by the interstitial fluid probe volume, and a transceiver unit con-figured to transmit radio frequency signals related to the electromagnetic wave signal modified by the interstitial fluid probe volume. A system for determining an interstitial fluid parameter in vivo comprises the electromagnetic wave sensor and an external reader.

Abstract: Apparatus are provided for monitoring a condition of a tissue based on a measurement of an electrical property of the tissue. In an example, the electrical property of the tissue is performed using an apparatus disposed above the tissue, where the apparatus includes at least two conductive structures, each having a non-linear configuration, where the at least two conductive structures are disposed substantially parallel to each other. In another example, the electrical property of the tissue is performed using an apparatus disposed above the tissue, where the apparatus includes at least one inductor structure.

Abstract: Systems and methods to obtain parallel tissue conductances within luminal organs. In one method embodiment to obtain a parallel tissue conductance within a luminal organ of the present disclosure, the method comprises the steps of introducing at least part of a detection device into a luminal organ at a first location, the detection device having a detector, applying current to the detection device using a stimulator, and introducing a first signal having a first frequency and a second signal having a second frequency through the detection device.

Abstract: A position detection system includes a capsule medical device having therein a magnetic field generator configured to generate a magnetic field, magnetic field detectors configured to detect the magnetic field and output detection signals, and a processor including hardware. The processor is configured to: calculate a position of the capsule medical device by using at least one of the detection signals; determine whether the position of the capsule medical device falls within a predefined detection target region for the capsule medical device; determine whether proper position detection for the capsule medical device based on the detection signals is possible; and set a threshold to be used for determining whether the proper position detection for the capsule medical device is possible, based on the position of the capsule medical device if the position of the capsule medical device falls within the predefined detection target region for the capsule medical device.

Abstract: A system and method for monitoring a physical parameter of a subject is provided. The system may include a casing with a sensor coupled to the casing. The sensor may be configured to detect a physical parameter of the subject. The physical parameter may include a chemical parameter of the subject. The system includes an endoscopic clip coupled to the casing and may include a wireless transmitter for transmitting a signal via a wireless medium. The signal encodes the physical parameter of the subject detected by the sensor and the wireless transmitter is electronically connected to the endoscopic clip. The system may further include a monitor configured to communicate with the wireless transmitter for receiving the signal encoding the physical parameter of the subject.

Abstract: System for monitoring respiratory effort in a patient, comprising at least one pressure sensor, the pressure sensor being positioned in a catheter and being adapted for positioning in a chosen position in the oesophagus, the pressure sensor being adapted to monitor the pressure difference between the oesophagus and external pressure at a chosen rate. The system comprises flow measuring means for measuring the respiratory flow and analyzing means for calculating the respiratory admittance or the respiratory impedance as well as detecting the respiratory related arousals.

Abstract: An oral-nasal cannula receives exhaled gases from the nose and mouth of a patient. The exhaled gases are transported to variable flow valves that can variably restrict the flow of the gases through the valves upon software generated signals. The exhaled gases pass through the variable flow valves and mix so that they can be measured by a single sensor such as a sensor of a capnometer. Based upon information gathered by the capnometer, the variable valves can be adjusted in real-time according to a software method in order to identify a variable valve flow configuration that maximizes the amount of CO2 received and measured by the capnometer. In this manner, the software can adapt a single capnometer to measure exhaled gases regardless of whether a patient breathes primarily through their nose or mouth or some proportion of the two.