Abstract: Disclosed is a method for detecting and quantifying gut flora derived from human faeces, comprising acquiring a solid support containing human faeces; optionally amplifying nucleic acid from the human faeces; and detecting and quantifying the presence of gut flora of interest. Also disclsoed is a method for assessing whether a person has type-2 diabetes as well as a kit for detecting and quantifying gut flora from human faeces, comprising a solid support for collecting human faeces; and primer pairs for amplifying 16S rRNA sequence from bacteria of interest.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for evaluating oral health, in particularly for evaluating a risk for suffering from periodontal disease, comprising: (1) providing an oral sample of a subject; (2) detecting at least two indicator microbes in the oral sample; and (3) analyzing amounts of the at least two indicator microbes; wherein when each of the amounts of the at least two indicator microbes is higher than a standard value for an amount of a corresponding indicator microbe, it indicates that the subject has a high risk for suffering from periodontal disease.

Abstract: Provided are compositions, kits, and methods for the identification of Listeria. In certain aspects and embodiments, the compositions, kits, and methods may provide improvements in relation to specificity, sensitivity, and speed of detection.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a proximity-probe based detection assay for detecting an analyte in a sample and in particular to a method that comprises the use of at least one set of at least first and second proximity probes, which probes each comprise an analyte-binding domain and a nucleic acid domain and can simultaneously bind to the analyte directly or indirectly, wherein the nucleic acid domain of at least one of said proximity probes comprises a hairpin structure that can be unfolded by cleavage of the nucleic acid domain to generate at least one ligatable free end or region of complementarity to another nucleic acid molecule in said sample, wherein when the probes bind to said analyte unfolding said hairpin structure allows the nucleic acid domains of said at least first and second proximity probes to interact directly or indirectly.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods, compositions, mixtures and kits utilizing deoxynucleoside triphosphates comprising a 3?-O position capped by a group comprising methylenedisulfide as a cleavable protecting group and a detectable label reversibly connected to the nucleobase of said deoxynucleoside. In addition, thiol-containing compounds and scavengers of thio-containing compounds are described. Such compounds provide new possibilities for future sequencing technologies, including but not limited to Sequencing by Synthesis.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to devices and instruments for detecting and individually analyzing biomolecules, biomolecular complexes and biomolecules with ligands attached thereon.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate generally to strategies and methods of amplifying short target sequences and removing flanking sequences from target nucleic acids to remove background signal when detecting hybridizations events using sensitive detection biosensors, such as biosensors based on nanowires, carbon nanotubes, nanopores etc, that may be capable of detecting molecules at small molar concentrations (fM and less), or even at the single molecule level. Furthermore, by cropping and therefore standardizing the size of the target sequences to be detected, when detecting many target sequences in an array, the signals across each biosensor can be compared and the hybridization conditions standardized easily.

Abstract: The disclosure provides methods and kits involving site-specific endonuclease guided rolling circle amplification (RCA). Nucleic acid substrates, optionally generated by hybridizing a guidance primer to a single stranded nucleic acid, are cleaved with a site-specific endonuclease. In the presence of the target site, endonuclease cleavage of the substrate generates a nucleic acid having a free 3?-hydroxyl end, which is allowed to hybridize to covalently closed circular DNA probe (“take-off probe”), and initiate a rolling circle amplification (RCA) reaction. The methods and kits may be used to detect the presence of a target nucleic acid sequence, including detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms, and may be used to assess methylation status of a desired sequence, assess zygosity and/or ploidy status. The methods and kits may also be used to detect nucleic acids associated or indicative of medical conditions or pathogenic organisms.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of quality control of nucleic acid amplification using quality control oligonucleotide. The method comprises a nucleic acid detection step and a determination step. The nucleic acid detection step comprises the steps of: preparing a nucleic acid sample containing a target nucleic acid and a quality control polynucleotide; preparing a compartment containing one molecule of the target nucleic acid and a compartment containing one molecule of the quality control polynucleotide; and carrying out nucleic acid amplification of the target nucleic acid and the quality control polynucleotide, in the compartments, and carrying out signal detection using a detection probe to detect a signal originated from the detection probe. In the determination step, it is determined as to whether or not the nucleic acid detection step is proper on the basis of the result obtained in the signal detection step.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions that include one or more control molecules known as artificial reference sequences and methods of using these control molecules for estimating rare nucleic acid sequence variants from low copy numbers in ultra-deep sequencing.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are adapter nucleic acid sequences, double-stranded complexed nucleic acids, compositions, and methods for sequencing a double-stranded target nucleic acid with applications to error correction by duplex sequencing.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and compositions, including, without limitation, algorithms, computer readable media, computer programs, apparatus, and systems for determining the identity of nucleic acids in nucleotide sequences using, for example, data obtained from sequencing by synthesis methods. The methods of the invention include correcting one or more phenomena that are encountered during nucleotide sequencing, such as using sequencing by synthesis methods. These phenomena include, without limitation, sequence lead, sequence lag, spectral crosstalk, and noise resulting from variations in illumination and/or filter responses.

Abstract: The invention provides for systems, methods, and compositions for targeting nucleic acids. In particular, the invention provides non-naturally occurring or engineered DNA or RNA-targeting systems comprising a novel DNA or RNA-targeting CRISPR effector protein and at least one targeting nucleic acid component like a guide RNA.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods of determining one or more tissues and/or cell-types contributing to cell-free DNA (“cfDNA”) in a biological sample of a subject. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a method of identifying a disease or disorder in a subject as a function of one or more determined more tissues and/or cell-types contributing to cfDNA in a biological sample from the subject.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for diagnosing mental disorders. The invention also provides methods of identifying modulators of mental disorders as well as methods of using these modulators to treat patients suffering from mental disorders.

Abstract: A method of diagnosing Alzheimer's disease and/or dementia in a subject comprising: a) determining and/or characterizing the telomeric organization of cells in a test sample from the subject; wherein a difference in the telomeric organization, for example the number and/or length of telomeres in the test sample cells compared to a control is indicative the subject has Alzheimer's disease and/or dementia or an increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease and/or dementia.

Abstract: This document provides methods and materials for treating endometrial cancer. For example, methods and materials for identifying a female mammal as having endometrial cancer and surgically removing at least the uterus of the female are provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of predicting reaction to Sorafenib treatment using genetic polymorphism. More specifically, for the reaction to Sorafenib treatment according to the present invention, it is possible to predict the reaction of a test object to Sorafenib treatment by using an anticancer-target gene which is expressed in a biological sample of a liver cancer patient as a biomarker, whereby a proper drug is administered to a liver cancer patient and an optimal treatment effect is attained, so that inconvenience of a patient can be reduced, costs for treatment can be reduced, and an individually tailored chemotherapy can more effectively be implemented by administration of a patient-specific anticancer agent.

Abstract: The invention provides PRKC gene fusions, PRKC fusion proteins, and fragments of those genes and polypeptides. The invention further provides methods of diagnosing and treating diseases or disorders associated with PRKC fusions, such as conditions mediated by aberrant PRKC expression or activity, or overexpression of PRKC.

Abstract: FGR (feline Gardner-Rasheed sarcoma viral oncogene homolog) fusions are described herein. Further provided are methods of diagnosing and treating diseases or disorders associated with FGR fusions, such as conditions mediated by FGR aberrant activity, or overexpression.

Abstract: This disclosure is directed to the discovery of an improved method to diagnose malignant melanoma of the oral cavity in the dog.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of testing whether a patient suffering from arge B-cell lymphoma will respond or not to a DNA repair pathway inhibitor comprising: i) determining the expression level (ELi) of several genes Gi-Gn selected from table A in a biological sample obtained from said patient comparing the expression level (ELi) determined at step i) with a predetermined reference level (ELRi) iii) calculating the DNA repair score trough the following formula (I), wherein ?i represent the regression ? coefficient reference value for the gene Gi and Ci=1 if the expression of the gene Gi (ELi) is higher than the predetermined reference level (ELRi) or Ci=?1 if the expression of the gene (ELi) is lower than or equal to the predetermined reference level (ELRi) iv) comparing the score DNARS determined at step iii) with a predetermined reference value DNARSR v) and concluding that the patient will respond to the treatment when the DNARS score is higher than the predetermined reference value DNARSg o

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to nucleic acid molecules, the RNA and protein expression profiles of which are indicative of the onset, predisposition to the onset and/or progression of a neoplasm. More particularly, the present invention is directed to nucleic acid molecules, the expression profiles of which are indicative of the onset and/or progression of a large intestine neoplasm, such as an adenoma or an adenocarcinoma. The expression profiles of the present invention are useful in a range of applications including, but not limited to, those relating to the diagnosis and/or monitoring of colorectal neoplasms, such as colorectal adenocarcinomas. Accordingly, in a related aspect the present invention is directed to a method of screening a subject for the onset, predisposition to the onset and/or progression of a neoplasm by screening for modulation in the expression profile of one or more nucleic acid molecule markers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of using cell-free DNA analysis for guiding treatment of advanced prostate cancer. In particular, liquid biopsies are collected from urine and/or plasma of patients for measuring copy number variation in cell-free DNA associated with metastatic prostate cancer. In particular, urine genomic abnormality (UGA) and plasma genomic abnormality (PGA) values are contemplated for use in predicting treatment responses in advanced prostate cancer patients and for use in making decisions related to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) treatment outcomes in hormone sensitive stage and for starting or changing chemotherapy treatments in castrate resistant advanced cancer stage.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods to determine the prognosis and appropriate treatment for patients diagnosed with cancer, based on the expression levels of one or more biomarkers. More particularly, the invention relates to the identification of genes, or sets of genes, able to distinguish breast cancer patients with a good clinical prognosis from those with a bad clinical prognosis. The invention further provides methods for providing a personalized genomics report for a cancer patient. The inventions also relates to computer systems and software for data analysis using the prognostic and statistical methods disclosed herein.

Abstract: The invention encompasses methods and compositions for predicting the risk of metastasis. In particular, the invention encompasses a method for correlating the level of expression of one or more nucleic acid sequences with a risk of metastasis.

Abstract: There are provided an information offering method for diagnosing breast cancer comprising: (a) separating total RNA from a cell obtained from a tissue or blood of a suspected cancer patient; (b) synthesizing a cDNA from the separated total RNA; (c) performing a real-time PCR with the synthesized cDNA by using primer pair mix and probe mix that can amplify human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2); wherein, the primer pair mix that can amplify human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) are described as SEQ ID Nos.:1 and 2, 3 and 4, and 6 and 7 and the probe mix are described as SEQ ID Nos.: 5, 8, and 9.

Abstract: Genetic characterisation of closely related inbreds is at present only possible by means of whole genome sequencing. This is however a time-consuming process. The invention addresses the need for a method to differentiate between closely related substrains of inbreds. The method involves analysis of at least two tandem repeat loci per chromosome. Said tandem repeat loci are characterised by high mutation rates. The amplified fragments are subsequently used to determine the alleles that are present at each amplified locus within the DNA sample.

Abstract: A new Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans strain as well as a process for bacterially devulcanizing sulphur-vulcanized rubber particles and devulcanized rubber particles obtainable by the process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a yeast strain of the species saccharomyces cerevisiae isolated from spontaneous leavened dough, which is capable of remaining viable at temperatures below 8° C., in an inactive condition with respect to carbon dioxide production, and of resuming a normal fermentative and leavening capacity when shifted to an optimal temperature range. Moreover, the invention relates to solid and fluid doughs, comprising at least water, flour and yeast according to the invention, to the uses of such doughs and their production.

Abstract: The present invention discloses pulverized coal for iron making comprising cow manure and a method for producing pig iron using the same. The present invention has the advantage of making it possible to improve the combustion properties of pulverized coal and to increase the efficiency and safety of a blast-furnace operation.

Abstract: A non-oriented electrical steel sheet with excellent recyclability whose magnetic property is prevented from becoming unstable in the case of reducing the Al content in order to reuse the non-oriented electrical steel sheet as iron scrap is provided. The non-oriented electrical steel sheet has a chemical composition containing, in mass %: C: 0.0050% or less; Si: 1.0% or more and 4.0% or less; Mn: 0.10% or more and 3.0% or less; Sol. Al: less than 0.0050%; P: more than 0.01% and 0.20% or less; S: 0.0050% or less; N: 0.0050% or less; Cu: 0.02% or more and less than 0.10%; and Ca: 0.0005% or more and 0.0100% or less, with a balance being Fe and incidental impurities.

Abstract: A method for producing a metal product, wherein in a strand casting system, liquid metal is output as a slab from a mold vertically downward in a conveying direction, is guided along a strand guide, and is deflected into the horizontal, wherein the slab is heated in a furnace or inductively downstream of the stand casting system.

Abstract: Disclosed is a high-strength steel sheet having a tensile strength (TS) of 780 MPa or more and excellent in ductility, fatigue properties, balance between high strength and ductility, surface characteristics, and sheet passage ability that can be obtained by providing a predetermined chemical composition and a steel microstructure that contains, by area, 20-50% of ferrite, 5-25% of bainitic ferrite, and 5-20% of martensite, and that contains, by volume, 10% or more of retained austenite, in which the retained austenite has a mean grain size of 2 ?m or less, a mean Mn content in the retained austenite in mass % is at least 1.2 times the Mn content in the steel sheet in mass %, and the retained austenite has a mean free path of 1.2 ?m or less.

Abstract: A high strength galvanized steel sheet that has a tensile strength (TS) of 780 MPa or higher and excellent bendability, fatigue resistance, and surface appearance quality and a method for producing the high strength galvanized steel sheet. The steel sheet includes, at a position ½ of a thickness of the steel sheet, 5% or more and 80% or less of a ferrite phase in terms of area fraction, 20% or more and 70% or less of a martensite phase in terms of area fraction, and 0% or more and 25% or less of a bainite phase in terms of area fraction.

Abstract: [Object] To provide a method for cooling a steel strip in a galvannealing furnace. The method performs mist cooling on a steel strip in a cooling zone of a galvannealing furnace and can achieve both productivity and quality.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing pellets by which, when nickel oxide ore is being pelletized and smelted to produce ferronickel, which is an iron-nickel alloy, it is possible to allow the smelting reaction to proceed effectively. A method for producing pellets according to the present invention is for producing pellets which are used in producing iron-nickel alloy and which are produced by mixing raw materials including nickel oxide ore and agglomerating the resulting mixture, wherein the method comprises: a mixing step S11 for mixing at least nickel oxide ore, a carbonaceous reducing agent, and iron oxide to generate a mixture; and a pellet formation step S12 for agglomerating the resulting mixture and forming pellets. In the mixing step S11, the mixture is generated such that the total weight of nickel and iron accounts for 30 wt % or more of the total weight of the pellets formed.

Abstract: A powder metallurgy wear-resistant tool steel includes chemical components by mass percent of: V: 12.2%-16.2%, Nb: 1.1%-3.2%, C: 2.6%-4.0%, Si: ?2.0%, Mn: 0.2%-1.5%, Cr: 4.0%-5.6%, Mo: ?3.0%, W: 0.1%-1.0%, Co: 0.05%-0.5%, N: 0.05%-0.7%, with balance iron and impurities; wherein a carbide component of the powder metallurgy wear-resistant tool steel is an MX carbide with a NaCl type face-centered cubic lattice structure; wherein an M element of the MX carbide comprises V and Nb, and an X element comprises C and N.

Abstract: Methods of making high-strength, lightweight alloy components capable of high temperature performance comprising aluminum, silicon, and iron and/or nickel are provided. A high-energy stream, such as a laser or electron beam, may be selectively directed towards a precursor material to melt a portion of the precursor material in a localized region. The molten precursor material is cooled at a rate of greater than or equal to about 1.0×105 K/second to form a solid high-strength, lightweight alloy component comprising a stable ternary cubic phase having high heat resistance and high strength. The stable ternary phase may be AlxFeySiz, where x ranges from about 4 to about 5 or about 7.2 to about 7.6, y is about 1.5 to about 2.2, and z is about 1. The stable ternary phase may also be Al6Ni3Si. Materials and components, such as automotive components, made from such methods are also provided.

Abstract: To contribute to an improvement in a dezincification resistance of a copper alloy, focusing attention on a relation between a dezincification resistance of a copper alloy and the crystal grain size of an ? phase, and the specific object is to provide a method of producing a hot forged product using a lead-free brass capable of ensuring corrosion resistances such as a prescribed dezincification resistance and the like even at sites of different thickness and shape, a hot forged product, and a wetted product such as a valve and a water faucet, molded using the same. A method of producing a hot forged product using a brass, comprising heat-treating a raw material to be subjected to forging work using a brass having a composition containing at least 59.2 to 63.0% by mass of Cu, 1.00 to 2.00% by mass of Sn and 0.05 to 0.25% by mass of Pb and containing the residue composed of Zn and inevitable impurities at a heating rate of 5.2° C./s or more from 350° C. until reaching the forging temperature.

Abstract: Provided is a carbonitrided bearing part which has high hardenability and toughness, and is excellent in wear resistance and surface-originated flaking life. A carbonitrided bearing part of the present embodiment has a chemical composition containing, in mass %, C: 0.15 to 0.45%, Si: not more than 0.50%, Mn: 0.40 to 1.50%, P: not more than 0.015%, S: not more than 0.005%, Cr: 0.30 to 2.0%, Mo: 0.10 to 0.35%, V: 0.20 to 0.40%, Al: 0.005 to 0.10%, N: not more than 0.030%, and O: not more than 0.0015%, with the balance being Fe and impurities, and satisfying Formulae (1) and (2). At surface, C concentration is 0.7 to 1.2%, N concentration is 0.15 to 0.6%, and Rockwell hardness HRC is 58 to 65. 1.20<0.4Cr+0.4Mo+4.5V<2.60??(1) 2.7C+0.4Si+Mn+0.8Cr+Mo+V>2.

Abstract: A gripping tool includes a gripping element and at least one gripping surface formed on the gripping element. The at least one gripping surface includes a plurality of teeth extending from the gripping element an outer layer. A method to surface process a gripping surface of a gripping tool includes providing the gripping surface in an environment comprising a source of additive material and heating the gripping surface at a temperature and a time to diffuse the additive material a depth into the gripping surface to form a diffusion layer.

Abstract: An evaporation apparatus includes an evaporation chamber for evaporating a substrate to be evaporated. The evaporation chamber includes: a plurality of isolation units configured to divide the evaporation chamber into a plurality of evaporation sub-chambers; a plurality of evaporation sources respectively located in the plurality of evaporation sub-chambers; and a transportation unit arranged opposite to the evaporation sources and configured to move the substrate to be evaporated among the plurality of evaporation sub-chambers.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an evaporation device and an evaporation method using the evaporation device. The evaporation device includes a main chamber with an internal space and an evaporation mechanism under the main chamber. The evaporation mechanism includes at least two crucible accumulation chambers. The evaporation mechanism is configured to be operated in a first state where a first crucible accumulation chamber is at an evaporation position and in communication with the main chamber to form a vacuum space, and evaporation of a material in the crucible in the first crucible accumulation chamber is performed, and in a second state where, in a vacuum environment, the first crucible accumulation chamber is moved away from the evaporation position and a second crucible accumulation chamber is moved to the evaporation position and in communication with the main chamber.

Abstract: A tribological system with a substantially improved tribological behaviour, which includes a body with a first contact face, which is coated at least partially with a first coating, a counter body with a second contact face, which is coated at least partially with a second coating and a lubricant as an interbedding. The first and second coating each include a layer as an outermost layer, wherein the composition of the outermost layer of the first coating and the composition of the outermost layer of the second coating are selected as such, that both outermost layers are smeared on steel surfaces when they are exposed to a tribological contact with steel, and both outermost layers are material-related layers, so that the element composition of the fist outermost layer complies to the element composition of the second outermost layer at least to 60 atom percent.

Abstract: Embodiments of a sputter source for semiconductor process chambers are provided herein. In some embodiments, a sputter source for a semiconductor process chamber may include: a target comprising a magnetic material to be deposited on a substrate, the magnetic material including a front surface where material is to be sputtered and an opposing back surface; and an outer magnet disposed proximate a back surface of the target and arranged symmetrically with respect to a central axis of the target, wherein the target has an annular groove formed in the back surface of the target disposed proximate the outer magnet to reduce a magnetic permeability of a region of the target proximate the outer magnet, wherein the groove is an unfilled v-shaped groove having an inner angle greater than 90 degrees.

Abstract: A sputtering target containing 0.01 to 0.5 wt % of Ag, and remainder being W and unavoidable impurities. The object of the present invention is to provide a sputtering target capable of forming a film having a relatively low specific resistance by sputtering, wherein the obtained film is endowed with good uniformity, and in particular the sputtering target has superior characteristics upon forming thin films for semiconductor devices, as well as to provide a method for producing the foregoing sputtering target.

Abstract: A method for forming a film on a flexible substrate by vapor deposition is provided, wherein the method is capable of reducing in size of the entire apparatus and improving an efficiency to thereby enhance productivity. A film formation method includes the steps of: transporting the flexible substrate through a first zone in a vacuum chamber, into which a raw material gas containing metal or silicon is introduced, so that components included in the raw material gas are adsorbed onto the flexible substrate, and performing sputter deposition by transporting the flexible substrate through a second zone in the vacuum chamber, the second zone being separated from the first zone and including a target material containing metal or silicon.

Abstract: Provided is a surface treatment method, including: preparing a composite comprising chromium (Cr) of about 95 to 98 atomic percents and copper (Cu) of about 2 to 5 atomic percents with respect to the total number of atoms in the composite; and forming a coating layer comprising Cr of about 30 to 40 atomic, Cu of about 2 to 5 atomic percents, with respect to the total number of atoms of the coating layer, and N constituting the balance of the atoms of the coating layer, by sputtering from the composite in a nitrogen-containing atmospheric gas. Further, provided is a vehicle part, surface of which is treated with the same method.

Abstract: A deposition apparatus includes a chamber, a holding unit configured to hold a substrate in the chamber, a driving unit configured to move the holding unit holding the substrate such that the substrate passes through a deposition area in the chamber, a deposition unit configured to form a film on the substrate passing through the deposition area by supplying a deposition material to the deposition area, and a cooling unit configured to cool the holding unit.