Abstract: This disclosure relates to a process for removing acid gases from a gas stream enriched in acid gases, wherein: (a) the gas stream enriched in acid gases is contacted in an absorption zone with an absorption medium, wherein the absorption medium is an aqueous medium comprising an amine, to form a gas stream depleted in acid gases which comprises an entrained amine and an absorption medium enriched in acid gases; and (b) treating the gas stream depleted in acid gases which comprises an entrained amine in a first scrubbing zone with a first scrubbing medium, wherein the first scrubbing medium is an aqueous medium comprising an amine, the amount of amine comprised by the scrubbing medium being about 0.1 to about 50.0 wt. %, wherein the aqueous medium is saturated with carbon dioxide such that at least 75 wt.

Abstract: A method of obtaining helium from a helium-containing feed gas. Helium-containing feed gas is fed to a prepurifying unit that uses a pressure swing adsorption process to remove undesirable components from the helium-containing feed gas and obtain a prepurified feed gas. The prepurified feed gas is fed to a membrane unit connected downstream of the prepurifying unit and that has at least one membrane more readily permeable to helium than to at least one further component present in the prepurified feed gas. A pressurized low-helium retentate stream that has not passed through the membrane is fed to the prepurifying unit. The pressurized low-helium retentate is used to displace helium-rich gas from an adsorber that is to be regenerated into an already regenerated adsorber.

Abstract: A system and a method for industrial plant or utility plant flue gas desulfurization, with zero waste water liquid discharge from a wet flue gas desulfurization system utilized therein, are disclosed herein. The wet flue gas desulfurization system is supplied an absorption liquid for contact with a flue gas to absorb flue gas acid gases. Waste water from the wet flue gas desulfurization system is heated under pressure in a heat exchanger to produce heated waste water, which is supplied to a flash vessel to produce steam. The produced steam is supplied to the flue gas upstream of a particulate collection system and the wet flue gas desulfurization system, supplied to the flue gas upstream of the wet flue gas desulfurization system, or supplied to absorption liquid circulated to the wet flue gas desulfurization system.

Abstract: A system for cleaning flue gas, the system including a particulate removal system; an additive injector positioned downstream of the particulate removal system, for injecting an additive into the flue gas; a powdered sorbent injector positioned downstream of the additive injector, for injecting powdered sorbents, wherein no powdered sorbent injectors are positioned upstream of the particulate removal system; and a flue gas desulfurization system positioned downstream from the powdered sorbent injector, wherein no other processing apparatus is located between the powdered sorbent injector and the flue gas desulfurization system.

Abstract: The present invention provides processes for filtering undesired chemicals in streams of contaminated air for supply to confined areas. The processes provide (1) contacting air with a filter comprising by volume from about 5% to about 95% impregnated zirconium hydroxide, from about 5% to about 95% activated impregnated carbon, and optionally, up to about 50% ammonia removal material; and (2) supplying the contacted air to a confined area.

Abstract: A granule reactor (10), an apparatus comprising said reactor and a method implemented by said apparatus are described for treating polluting agents present in industrial gases, particularly but not only, when such gases comprise NOx, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons and similar pollutants. The pellet reactor is adapted to be used in the treatment of industrial gases, capable of treating industrial gases and removing particulate from said gases while maintaining a constant efficiency. Moreover, a method of treating the polluting agents present in industrial gases by means of said pellet reactor, and a pellet reactor adapted to implement said method of treatment are described.

Abstract: Provided herein is a device for removing residual hydrogen peroxide or hydrazine from an effluent gas stream which includes a metal oxide scrubber material configured to react with residual process gases under increased temperatures. Also provided are systems and methods of using the same.

Abstract: In a process for manufacturing a catalytic converter component, a ceramic unit is used that has been prepared by extruding green ceramic product through a die to form an extrusion having a honeycomb substrate structure in which tubular passages extend along the extrusion, the passages bounded by walls dividing adjacent passages from one another. The unit is obtained by cutting off a length of the extrusion and curing and firing it. The process further comprises flowing insulation material from one end of the unit into selected ones of the elongate passages, the insulating material then being cured. The passages are selected so that the cured insulation material forms an internal thermal insulating barrier between a core zone of the unit and a radially outer zone of the unit. Passages in the inner and outer zones are free of insulation material and the honeycomb structure walls include walls crossing the insulating barrier.

Abstract: An exhaust gas treatment device capable of treating exhaust gas of a gas turbine or a gas engine includes an exhaust gas treatment catalyst comprising a perovskite composite oxide containing at least Ag and Dy in an A site and at least Mn in a B site.

Abstract: An object of at least one embodiment of the present invention is to suppress poisoning due to phosphorus derived from engine oil, and effectively purify NOx discharged from the time of engine start up to a high load condition. In an exhaust gas purification catalyst for an internal combustion engine, a catalyst layer includes: a first catalyst layer exposed to an exhaust gas flow; and a second catalyst layer formed between the first catalyst layer and the substrate. A second catalyst upstream layer formed on an upstream side of the second catalyst layer with respect to the exhaust gas flow and a first catalyst downstream layer formed on a downstream side of the first catalyst layer with respect to the exhaust gas flow include at least one of palladium and platinum, as well as an oxygen storage material as the catalyst component. An amount of the oxygen storage material in the first catalyst downstream layer is larger than an amount of the oxygen storage material in the second catalyst upstream layer.

Abstract: An object is to provide an exhaust gas purification catalyst for an internal combustion engine that can achieve a higher exhaust gas purification performance and a higher engine output performance. A catalyst layer is disposed in an exhaust gas passage, formed on a surface of the substrate, and includes: a first catalyst layer exposed to an exhaust gas flow; and a second catalyst layer formed between the first catalyst layer and the substrate. A catalyst component supported on the first catalyst layer includes rhodium. A catalyst component supported on the second catalyst layer includes at least one of palladium and platinum.

Abstract: A fluid pumping system may include an electroosmotic pump; and a separation member provided at least one end of the electroosmotic pump, and configured to separate the fluid and a transfer target fluid. The electroosmotic pump may include: a membrane that allows a fluid to move therethrough; and a first electrode and a second electrode which are respectively provided at two opposite sides of the membrane, and each of which is formed of a porous material or has a porous structure to allow a fluid to move therethrough; each of the first electrode and the second electrode may be made of porous carbon only; and an electrochemical reaction of the first electrode and the second electrode may take place as a cation is moved in a direction whereby a charge balance is established.

Abstract: There is provided a pleated cartridge filter for high-purity chemicals that minimizes elution of metal from polyethylene into high-purity chemicals and is suitable mainly for a resist manufacturing process. A cylindrical pleated cartridge filter including a cylindrical core, a pleated filter material wound on the core, and caps sealing both ends of the core, wherein the pleated filter material is composed of a filtration membrane and a spacer laminated together, and the spacer is a nonwoven fabric made of polyethylene fibers having a metal element content of less than 40 ppm.

Abstract: A filtration module according to one embodiment of the present invention includes plural hollow fiber membranes held while being aligned in one direction and a pair of holding members that fix both ends of the hollow fiber membranes. In the holding members, an existence region where the hollow fiber membranes exist has a rectangular shape in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the hollow fiber membranes are aligned. The hollow fiber membranes are arranged in a matrix in a long side direction and a short side direction of the existence region. In the existence region, a ratio of an average pitch of the hollow fiber membranes in the long side direction to an average pitch of the hollow fiber membranes in the short side direction is 1.2 or more and 2.5 or less.

Abstract: An improved method for concentrating dispersions of graphene oxide, coating a substrate with a layer of a graphene oxide solution, and producing a supported graphene membrane stabilised by controlled deoxygenation; and graphene-based membranes that demonstrate ultra-fast water transport, precise molecular sieving of gas and solvated molecules, and which show great promise as novel separation platforms.

Abstract: A process for making an iron oxide impregnated carbon nanotube membrane. In this template-free and binder-free process, iron oxide nanoparticles are homogeneously dispersed onto the surface of carbon nanotubes by wet impregnation. The amount of iron oxide nanoparticles loaded on the carbon nanotubes range from 0.25-80% by weight per total weight of the doped carbon nanotubes. The iron oxide doped carbon nanotubes are then pressed to forma carbon nanotube disc which is then sintered at high temperatures to form a mixed matrix membrane of iron oxide nanoparticles homogeneously dispersed across a carbon nanotube matrix. Methods of characterizing porosity, hydrophilicity and fouling potential of the carbon nanotube membrane are also described.

Abstract: A process for making an iron oxide impregnated carbon nanotube membrane. In this template-free and binder-free process, iron oxide nanoparticles are homogeneously dispersed onto the surface of carbon nanotubes by wet impregnation. The amount of iron oxide nanoparticles loaded on the carbon nanotubes range from 0.25-80% by weight per total weight of the doped carbon nanotubes. The iron oxide doped carbon nanotubes are then pressed to form a carbon nanotube disc which is then sintered at high temperatures to form a mixed matrix membrane of iron oxide nanoparticles homogeneously dispersed across a carbon nanotube matrix. Methods of characterizing porosity, hydrophilicity and fouling potential of the carbon nanotube membrane are also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to synthetic membranes and use of these synthetic membranes for isolation of volatile organic compounds and purification of water. The synthetic membrane includes a hydrophobic polymer layer located on a polymeric membrane support layer. The invention includes a method of isolating volatile organic compounds with the synthetic membrane by contacting a volatile organic mixture with the hydrophobic polymer layer of the synthetic membrane and removing volatile organic compounds from the polymeric membrane support layer of the synthetic membrane by a process of pervaporation. The invention also includes a method of purifying water with the synthetic membrane by contacting an ionic solution with the hydrophobic polymer layer of the synthetic membrane and removing water from the polymeric membrane support layer of the synthetic membrane by a process of reverse osmosis. The invention also relates to methods of isolating non-polar gases by gas fractionation.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane and a preparation method thereof. The hollow fiber membrane comprises 30%-50% of polyvinylidene fluoride resin, 40%-60% of inorganic molecular solution in-situ pore-forming agent and 5%-20% of organic diluent.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are porous asymmetric silicon membranes. The membranes are characterized by high structural stability, and as such are useful as anode components in lithium ion batteries.

Abstract: A transfer line between the outlet of a steam cracker and the inlet for the quench system has metallic or ceramic inserts having a pore size from about 0.001 to about 0.5 microns inside the line forming a gas tight barrier with the inner surface of the line and having a vent for the resulting gas tight pocket are used to separate H2, CH4, CO and CO2 from cracked gases reducing the load on the down-stream separation train of the steam cracker.

Abstract: Mesoporous membranes have shown promising separation performance with a potential to lower the energy consumption, leading to a dramatic cost reduction. Recently, an extensive effort has been made on the design of membranes which brought a significant progress toward the synthesis of well-defined porous morphologies, most of which synthesized by surfactant-template methodology. Currently, the most well-designed state-of-the-art membranes using this technique are made from metals, polymers, carbon, silica, etc. In the present invention, we demonstrate mesoporous calcium-silicate particles having superior separation capacity and optimal permeability, thereby leading to reduced energy consumption for selective separation of gases/liquids and/or the combination thereof. We explore various methods to improve the calcium-silicate membranes properties by tuning pore density during the synthesis/aging process, while favoring the formation of uniformly distributed nanopores.

Abstract: Hydrophobic flat membrane made from a vinylidene fluoride polymer with a wall, a first surface, and a second surface. The membrane has on its first surface a network structure with open pores and on its second surface a continuous skin in which pores are formed, and adjacent to the skin of the second surface a supporting layer with an isotropic pore structure across the wall thickness, wherein the supporting layer extends over at least 80% of the wall thickness and wherein the pores of the supporting layer have an average diameter of less than 1 ?m. The weight average of the molecular weight MW of the vinylidene fluoride polymer lies in the range from 300 000 to 500 000 daltons, and the polydispersivity MW/MN is greater than 5.5. The pores in the skin of the second surface have a closed perimeter in the plane of the skin and an average ratio of the extension in the direction of the longest axis thereof to the extension in the direction of the shortest axis thereof of at most 5.

Abstract: A water dispersing system (WDS) that allows a selectable quantity of water to be dispersed into an environment. The WDS utilizes a fan and a water supply assembly. The fan has a frame inside of which are two rotating blades, and preferably a stand. The water supply assembly includes a reservoir, a water tube, and a water dispersing head. Water is gravity fed from the reservoir, through the water tube and out of the head. Water from the head is directed into the first fan's rotating blades. Once the water hits the blades, the water is re-directed back out through a front grill on the fan. The second fan blades project air outward. The amount of water that comes from the WDS can be selectably chosen, from a light mist to a heavier spray, and the temperature of the water can be lowered by placing ice into the reservoir with the water. An excess water basin catches any water that drips downward from the blades.

Abstract: A foam material generator has a housing; transmission device on the housing; housing cavity within the housing; pressurizing stirring foaming wheel within the cavity; transmission device transmission shaft connected to the wheel; pressurizing stirrers on the wheel; pressurizing stirrer airflow-facing surface forms an inclined angle with a cross sectional surface in a wheel rotational axis direction; housing cavity inlet is on a cavity end, and a housing cavity outlet is on another end; encircling abrasive disc is on a cavity inner wall adjacent to the outlet; encircling abrasive disc inlet is at a encircling disc middle portion; vortex current abrasive foaming disc is on a wheel end adjacent to the encircling disc; vortex current abrasive foaming disc surface conforms to be in close proximity with an encircling disc surface; and vortex current abrasive foaming cavity is between the surfaces of the vortex current abrasive foam disc and encircling disc.

Abstract: A drink dispenser with detachable fizz infuser including drink bottle, characterized by and comprising a base, a main body, a main body support, a top cap, an exiting gas driving device, a gas exiting device, a gas transfer device, a gas inlet device, and a CO2 cylinder. The compartment for the CO2 cylinder in the said main body has an inlet and an outlet as well as a side cap that is connected to the main body and pin-jointed with the inlet and the outlet. With this structure, the gas exiting device can be activated simply by pressing the exiting gas driving device. Gas flows from the CO2 cylinder, enters the gas transfer device and the gas inlet device, and ends up in the drink bottle. The operation is simple and easy. The configuration of the safety device eliminates potential safety hazards and ensures safety by preventing the drink bottles from being over-pressurized. Provision of the side cap facilitates convenient replacement of the CO2 cylinder.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a gas-liquid mixing and distributing device. The gas-liquid mixing and distributing device includes a mixing head including a chamber, a plurality of gas spray nozzles, and a plurality of liquid spray nozzles; and a liquid supplying part connected to the mixing head and supplying a liquid to the mixing head, wherein the plurality of gas spray nozzles and the plurality of liquid spray nozzles included in the mixing head are uniformly mixed and distributed so that the liquid and gas sprayed from the mixing head are uniformly mixed with each other.

Abstract: A stirring tool for a stirrer for stirring a mixture comprises a connecting element for connecting the stirring tool to a stirring drive, drivable about a rotational axis, of the stirrer, a carrier ring, a plurality of stirring spokes disposed between the connecting element and the carrier ring, and at least one stirring boss, which projects radially on the carrier ring, wherein two adjacent stirring spokes are arranged mutually offset in the direction of the rotational axis.

Abstract: An orbital shaker device (1) for biotechnological and/or biomedical applications comprises a frame (10), a platform (15) for receiving biotechnological and/or biomedical containers (50), eccentric couplings (13, 14) for allowing an orbital movement of the platform (15) relative to the frame (10), counterweight units (17, 18) for balancing the orbital movement, and at least one motor (19) for driving the eccentric couplings (13, 14). The device comprises two eccentric couplings (13, 14) arranged near respective opposite edges (27, 28) of the platform (15), while each counterweight unit (17, 18) is arranged approximately in the plane of the combined center of gravity of the platform (15) and the containers (50). Furthermore, both eccentric couplings (13, 14) are driven by the motor (19) or motors, either directly or indirectly. In this way, an optimal vibration compensation is achieved while allowing an imaging unit (40) to be mounted underneath the platform (15).

Abstract: A dynamic mixer comprises a mixing chamber having a plurality of inlets and an outlet as well as a mixing element rotatably arranged in the mixing chamber. The mixing takes place by a to and fro movement of the mixing element.

Abstract: The invention disclosed herein is a novel coil apparatus, system, and related method, useful for the mixing and agitation of a powdered substance into a liquid. The coil has features and is configured such that the edges of the coil can reach the inside corners of the bottle or container to provide improved mixing and cleaning of the container. Embodiments of the coil also terminate in a figure or logo that provides a way to mark or brand the product. When combined with a bottle, the system provides a way to store, mix, and clean baby formula, as well as entertain an infant by creating a rattling sound within the bottle.

Abstract: A mixing apparatus includes a mixing tank configured to receive substances, a rotor arranged in the mixing tank capable of driving a vane to rotate about an axial direction, a stator arranged outside the mixing tank and capable of driving the rotor to contactlessly magnetically rotate about the axial direction and capable of magnetically supporting the rotor with respect to the stator, and a security against tilting device that includes a bar extending in the axial direction and rotationally fixedly connected to the rotor, the security against tilting device having a limiting element fixed with respect to the mixing tank and cooperating with the bar, the security against tilting device being configured such that the bar is capable of rotating with respect to the limiting element and tilting of the rotor is limited by physical contact between the bar and the limiting element.

Abstract: A mixing apparatus for mixing or stirring substances includes a mixing tank for receiving the substances, a rotor arranged in the mixing tank with which a vane for mixing or stirring the substances can be driven to rotate about an axial direction, and a stator arranged outside the mixing tank and with which the rotor can be driven contactlessly magnetically to rotate about the axial direction in the operating state and is supported magnetically with respect to the stator. A bar extends in the axial direction and is rotationally fixed to the rotor, and a limiting element fixed with respect to the mixing tank cooperates with the bar, with the limiting element being configured such that the bar rotates with respect to the limiting element and with a tilt of the rotor being limited by a physical contact between the bar and the limiting element.

Abstract: A mixing system includes a tank assembly and a container positioned within the tank assembly, the container bounding a compartment. A mixer is disposed within the compartment of the container. A shaft has a first end secured to the mixer and an opposing second end disposed outside of the container. An actuation mechanism is coupled with the second end of the shaft outside of the container and reciprocally moves the shaft and the mixer a stroke length, the stroke length being adjusted based on a pre-programmed protocol or signals from a sensor.

Abstract: A fuel additive cartridge for use with a dimethyl-ether fuel system of a vehicle includes a reservoir for storing and dispensing a liquid fuel additive into a flow of fuel in a fill conduit during refueling. The cartridge also includes a dispenser actuated by the fuel flow to selectively dispense the liquid fuel additive from the reservoir. The fuel additive cartridge is intended to attach to a dimethyl-ether fuel system at a location between a fueling inlet connector and a storage tank to facilitate a metered mixing of liquid fuel additive from the cartridge and dimethyl-ether during the re-fueling of the storage tank.

Abstract: An exemplary compounding system and method can include a transfer set that includes a manifold for assisting in transferring a plurality of ingredients from supply container(s) to a final container. The manifold can include a first channel in fluid communication with at least one primary ingredient, and a second channel in fluid communication with a plurality of secondary ingredients. The first channel and second channel can be in fluid isolation from each other such that the at least one primary ingredient does not mix with the plurality of secondary ingredients within the manifold. The transfer set can include a plurality of inlet lines in fluid communication with the manifold and two outlet lines configured for connection to two separate pumps and eventually being in fluid communication with the final container.

Abstract: A process for the finishing of urea comprising: (a) removing water from an aqueous urea solution in a first evaporation and condensation section, obtaining a urea melt; (b) subjecting said urea melt to a finishing treatment comprising granulation and resulting in solid urea and air contaminated with urea dust and ammonia; (c) subjecting said contaminated air to acid scrubbing, producing an aqueous solution comprising urea and ammonium salts; (d) subjecting at least part of said aqueous solution to evaporation in a second evaporation section, obtaining a liquid stream comprising urea and ammonium salts and a gaseous stream; (e) condensing said gaseous stream in a second condensation section, obtaining a recycle aqueous stream; (f) using at least a part of said recycle aqueous stream for the scrubbing of contaminated air; (g) converting at least a portion of said liquid stream comprising urea and ammonium salts into solid particles, and (h) using said solid particles as seeds for the granulation; a correspondin

Abstract: The disclosure provides a system and method for synthesizing ultra-pure hydrogen from biomass waste. The present invention comprises a gasifier, an oils and tars filter, a steam generator, a water gas shift reactor (“WGS”), a heat-exchange two-phase water separator, a scrubber, a hydrogen separator, and fluid conduits in fluid communication with the various system components, which together convert hydrocarbon-based biomass, e.g., woodchips, into ultra-pure hydrogen gas. Fluid conduits connect the gasifier and the steam generator, separately, to the WGS, the WGS to the two-phase separator, the two-phase separator to the scrubber, and the scrubber to the hydrogen separator, which further comprises an outlet port through which hydrogen gas may flow free of carbon monoxide. The hydrogen may flow to a device that utilizes hydrogen to generate energy, such as a hydrogen fuel cell or to an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: Methods of sulfurizing metal containing particles in the absence of hydrogen are described. One method includes contacting a bed of metal containing particles with a gaseous stream comprising hydrogen sulfide and inert gas under reaction conditions sufficient to produce sulfided metal containing particles. The gaseous stream is introduced into a vertical reactor at an inlet positioned at the bottom portion of the reactor and any unreacted hydrogen sulfide and inert gas is removed at an outlet positioned above the inlet. The sulfided metal containing particles can be removed from the reactor and stored.

Abstract: A fluid mixing and distribution device for a catalytic downflow reactor, said device comprising a collection zone (A), a mixing zone (B) comprising a mixing chamber (15) for fluids and an exchange chamber (16) for fluids, a distribution zone (C), said exchange chamber (16) comprising at least one upper lateral cross-section of flow (17a) and at least one lower lateral cross-section of flow (17b) through which fluids can pass from said exchange chamber (16) to said distribution zone (C), characterized in that said exchange chamber (16) comprises a fluid deflection means (24) fixed to said exchange chamber (16) and located downstream of the upper lateral cross-section of flow (17a), said fluid deflection means (24) forming with said exchange chamber (16) a space (26) in the shape of a pan.

Abstract: A reforming furnace for producing hydrogen is provided. The reforming furnace includes a plurality of reforming tubes that allow a flow of hydrocarbons and at least one fluid inside the tubes, from top to bottom, and have, on at least part of the upper half of the outer surface at least one fin that has a thickness of between 1 and 30 mm, a width of between 3 and 100 mm, and a length of between 1 m and an length equivalent to the height of the furnace.

Abstract: A reactor for hydrocarbon production that separates wax reaction products from lightweight gaseous reaction products. The reactor has a housing, a catalyst bed, a product recovery zone, and a stripping zone. The catalyst bed can be provided in multi-tubular and other fixed bed configurations. The stripping zone receives light-weight gas reaction products from the product recovery zone, while a gas outlet of the housing receives non-lightweight gaseous hydrocarbon reaction products from the product recovery zone. A wax outlet of the housing receives wax products from the product recovery zone.

Abstract: A reactor, which includes a reactor body and two reactor ends sealing the ends of the reactor body, a plurality of reactor tubes extending inside the reactor body at least partially between the reactor ends, and at least one heat pipe disposed inside at least one of the reactor tubes.

Abstract: Contamination of fluidized bed-produced polycrystalline granules by phosphorus is reduced by employing as seals and/or packings, graphite containing <500 ppmw of phosphorus.

Abstract: Described here is a metal-carbon composite, comprising (a) a porous three-dimensional scaffold comprising one or more of carbon nanotubes, graphene and graphene oxide, and (b) metal nanoparticles disposed on said porous scaffold, wherein the metal-carbon composite has a density of 1 g/cm3 or less, and wherein the metal nanoparticles account for 1 wt. % or more of the metal-carbon composite. Also described are methods for making the metal-carbon composite.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrostatic spray drying process for encapsulating a core material, such as a volatile flavor oil, within a carrier or wall material. The process is achieved by atomizing a liquid emulsion comprising the core material and the wall material, applying an electrostatic charge at the site of atomization, and drying the atomized emulsion into an encapsulated, free-flowing powder. Applying an electrostatic charge at the site of atomization allows the spray drying to be accomplished at significantly reduced temperatures, in particular, inlet temperatures in the range of 25° C. to 110° C., and outlet temperatures in the range of 25° C. to 80° C. The low drying temperatures impart improvements in the resulting encapsulated powdered product, including better retention of volatile flavor components, a flavor profile comparable to that of the starting liquid formulation, and better hydration and dissolution in water-based applications.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for analyzing molecular properties and/or reaction conditions, comprising a step of providing a first store having a first surface, wherein a specific selection of sample molecules is directly or indirectly bonded to the surface in a defined arrangement, a step of producing at least two transfer stores, wherein at least two additional surfaces are provided, and a reaction step, selected from the group comprising a transfer reaction, an amplification reaction, and/or a derivatization reaction, whereby product molecules can arise and said product molecules and/or the sample molecules bond to the surfaces, wherein there is a clear spatial association between the sample molecules of the first store and the product molecules and/or sample molecules of the transfer stores and the first store, the transfer stores, the sample molecules, the product molecules, the transfer reaction, the amplification reaction, and/or the derivatization reaction is analyzed.

Abstract: A vessel system for high-pressure reactions is disclosed. The system includes a plugged polymer cylinder reaction vessel with a pressure vent opening extending radially through the wall of the reaction vessel and a supporting frame into which the vessel is received. Complementing keying structure elements on the vessel and on the frame limit the orientation of the reaction vessel in the supporting frame and the radially extending vent opening to a defined single position.

Abstract: A radiation curable system to form a radiation curable article includes a container including a first portion and a second portion, the first portion of the container including an ultraviolet curable silicone composition including an unsaturated, carbon functional group-containing siloxane component, a hydride-containing siloxane component, and a photoactive catalyst; a second portion of the container including a cure inhibitor; and a source of radiation. Further included is a method of forming a radiation curable article includes providing an ultraviolet curable silicone composition in a first portion of a container, wherein the ultraviolet curable silicone composition includes an unsaturated, carbon functional group-containing siloxane component, a hydride-containing siloxane component, and a photoactive catalyst; providing a cure inhibitor in a second portion of the container; and irradiating the silicone composition with a radiation source to form the radiation curable article.

Abstract: An apparatus for processing graphite particles is disclosed. The apparatus may comprise an electromagnetic radiation emitting device including a microwave device coupled to the reaction chamber for the creation of electromagnetic waves, the electromagnetic waves comprising microwaves. The apparatus may also comprise an inlet attached to the reaction chamber for introducing graphite particles, and an outlet attached to the reaction chamber for allowing processed graphite particles to exit the reaction chamber.