Abstract: An organic thin film apparatus comprises an evaporating source, a depositing substrate and a heating device. The evaporating source, the depositing substrate and the heating device are located in a non-vacuum environment. The evaporating source comprises an evaporating material and a carbon nanotube film structure. The evaporating material is located on a carbon nanotube film structure surface. The depositing substrate is facing and spaced from the carbon nanotube film structure. The heating device inputs a signal to heat the carbon nanotube film structure.

Abstract: An acoustic device includes a micro-machined acoustic transducer element, an acoustically attenuating region, and an acoustic matching region arranged between the acoustic transducer element and the acoustically attenuating region. The acoustic transducer element is formed in a first substrate housing a cavity delimiting a membrane. A second substrate of semiconductor material integrating an electronic circuit is arranged between the acoustic transducer element and the acoustically attenuating region. The acoustic matching region has a first interface with the second substrate and a second interface with the acoustically attenuating region. The acoustic matching region has an impedance matched to the impedance of the second substrate in proximity of the first interface, and an impedance matched to the acoustically attenuating region in proximity of the second interface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electronic vibrator comprising: a power supply unit for converting AC power into DC power; a bridge circuit unit comprising an IGBT, as a power switching element, in order to enable driving of a large-capacity oscillator; a circuit driving unit for driving the bridge circuit unit, the circuit driving unit applying a sine wave, which is a sine wave PWM modulation reference wave, together with a triangular wave; and a vibration generator connected to the bridge circuit unit so as to generate vibration by means of an electric current provided by the bridge circuit unit, wherein the vibration generator comprises: an E core, which has an E-shape, which is made of a steel plate, and which comprises multiple overlapping layers; an I core, which is positioned at a distance from the E core, which is made of a steel plate, which comprises multiple overlapping layers, and which has an I-shape; a winding unit wound around a portion horizontally protruding from the center of the E core,

Abstract: A step-down spring seat assembly secured to a vibratory screen machine is configured to receive one or more universal adapter plate assemblies, to which one or more compression springs is secured. The universal adapter plate assemblies are secured to a top surface of the step-down spring seat assembly, and one or more spring guide castings are connected to the one or more universal adapter plate assemblies. Compression springs are positioned atop the spring guide castings, and are secured to a top adapter plate assembly that is connected to one or more universal adapter plate assemblies positioned above the one or more compression springs.

Abstract: Screening members, screening assemblies, methods for fabricating screening members and assemblies and methods for screening materials are provided for vibratory screening machines that incorporate the use of injection molded materials. Use of injection molded screen elements provide, inter alia, for: varying screening surface configurations; fast and relatively simple screen assembly fabrication; and a combination of outstanding screen assembly mechanical and electrical properties, including toughness, wear and chemical resistance. Embodiments of the present invention use a thermoplastic injection molded material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a screen grating for size-dependent separation of bulk materials, comprising a plurality of grating bars (2) spaced apart one alongside another, which form a screen surface (1) and which have a smaller dimension in the width direction (y), which runs parallel to the screen surface (1) and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (x) of the screen grating bars (2), than in the height direction (z), wherein the height direction (z) is perpendicular to the screen surface (1) and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (x) of the grating bars (2).

Abstract: One or more toy pieces can be picked up and collected by various embodiments of a toy piece collection system. The system can consist of a bin operatively connected to a pressure source and an inlet. The bin may house a sorting structure that consists of a plurality of separated members each having at least one sorting aperture arranged to separate and sort materials by size.

Abstract: A collection system for collecting materials, such as cuttings, drilling fluid, wellbore fluid, lost circulation material, hydrocarbons and mixtures thereof, from a vibratory separator in a collection trough and facilitating movement of the collected materials to a discharge conduit utilizing a squeegee member. The squeegee may be moved along a track between the discharge conduits to move the material in the collection trough to the discharge conduits. The squeegee may be moved pneumatically or hydraulically. The squeegee may also be moved along the track magnetically utilizing a magnetic piston train. Movement of the squeegee can be modulated based on the rate of material into the collection trough.

Abstract: A typing tunnel off-loading and sorting system includes an off-loading conveyor, cameras and photoelectric eye. The overhead cameras detect the item size and whether it is cubic in nature and type and size of its footprint. An in-line slide sorter having alternating conveyor rollers and pop-up belts pass through to, or divert articles from, a downstream conveyor. The vision based system may also be used to detect space between articles and insert articles in the unoccupied space.

Abstract: An ejector for a granular matter color sorter reducing burdens such as cleaning and maintenance in particular associated with a nozzle unit is to be provided. The ejector 10 comprises a nozzle unit 15, a solenoid valve unit 13, and a manifold unit 14. The nozzle unit 15 is constituted by a plurality of nozzle devices 16 that are independent from each other. The solenoid valve unit 13 is constituted by a plurality of solenoid valve devices 19. The respective nozzle devices 16 and the respective solenoid valve devices 19 correspond to each other on a one-on-one basis so that air flow passages of them are connected by an air flow passage of a manifold. The nozzle device 16 and the manifold 29 are detachably connected and made integral in a state where a surface of the nozzle device 16 in which the air flow passage opens and a surface of the manifold 29 in which the air flow passage opens are brought into abutment with each other.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for substrate, such as glass substrate, surface cleaning include one or more nozzles to deliver a cleaning fluid to one or more edges of a substrate and a roller that includes a plurality of angled channels on the outer surface of the roller. The roller is configured to contact a surface of the substrate and the angled channels are configured to laterally channel fluid and particles toward opposite axial ends of the roller.

Abstract: A container is disclosed. The container includes a top portion and a bottom portion, both including a mesh portion, at least one hinging feature attached to the bottom portion, wherein the at least one hinging feature hingably attaches the top portion to the bottom portion, wherein the top portion and the bottom portion having an open configuration and a closed configuration and wherein the top portion and the bottom portion, when in the closed configuration, forming an inner portion, also a latching mechanism wherein when the latching mechanism is in a locked position the top portion and bottom portion are locked into the closed configuration, also at least one spring holder attached to the at least one hinging feature and located within the inner portion wherein when the top portion and bottom portion move from the closed position to the open position, the at least one spring holder lifts upwards.

Abstract: A novel nail polish system is provided. The system includes a non UV-curable base/adhesion coat, a UV- (or UV LED-) curable, water-removable color coat, and a UV- (or UV LED-) curable, highly wear-resistant top coat. The nail color includes water soluble components, making it removable by an aqueous remover once the top coat is breached, allowing water contact. The top coat composition comprises high concentrations of inorganic nanoparticles, thus providing superior scratch protection.

Abstract: Provided is a substrate treating apparatus comprising: a support unit for supporting the substrate; a discharge unit for discharging an organic solvent to the substrate supported on the support unit; and a solvent supply unit for supplying the organic solvent in a liquid state to the discharge unit at atmospheric pressure to a temperature higher than the boiling point of the organic solvent.

Abstract: The invention generally relates to systems with anti-fouling control and methods for controlling fouling within a channel of a plug flow crystallizer. In certain aspects, the invention provides a system that includes a plug flow crystallizer having a channel, one or more heating/cooling elements, each operably associated with a different segment of the channel, and a controller. The controller is operably coupled to the one or more heating/cooling elements and configured to implement a temperature profile within the channel of the plug flow crystallizer that grows crystals in a plug of fluid that flows through a first segment of the channel and dissolves encrust in a second segment of the channel while having minimal impact on crystal growth in the plug of fluid in the second segment of the channel.

Abstract: A method for cleaning a coke deposit from an internal surface of a process equipment, comprising removing at least a portion of the coke deposit from the internal surface using a flexible pig comprising a plurality of bristles, without damaging a metal protective layer of the internal surface of the process equipment. A flexible pig for cleaning a coke deposit from an internal surface of a process equipment without damaging a metal protective layer of the internal surface, comprising a flexible body formed of a polymeric material, and a plurality of bristles partially encapsulated by the polymeric material of the flexible body.

Abstract: In a laboratory hood system having a housing with an access window opening into an interior work chamber for performing laboratory processes, and an air circulation system for creating an air flow from the laboratory environment inwardly through the access window into the work chamber for preventing hazardous materials from escaping into the laboratory environment through the access window, one or more air intake control devices are disposed in a selected location or locations at the access window to overcome any tendency for air turbulence to occur. The air intake control device has an air flow channel extending from an air intake opening to the laboratory environment to an air discharge opening to the work chamber, with a constriction in the channel for causing a venturi-effect increase in air velocity while flowing through the channel to promote non-turbulent air flow entering the work chamber at the selected location or locations.

Abstract: The invention provides a method and a system for treating and/or decontaminating porous materials and/or aquifer layers, including at least one housing, at least one heating module, one module for injecting pressurized liquid and one recovery module. The heating means is capable of being introduced in the porous material, and includes at least one heating tube having a heat-conducting outer wall. The heating tube can be connected to the heating module. At least one pressurized-liquid injection tube is included which can be connected to the pressurized-liquid injection module. The system includes at least one vapor-extraction means for extracting the contaminant vapor. The extraction means is capable of creating the vacuum in the porous material and can be connected to the recovery module, and at least one layer of sealing material that can be applied to the surface of the porous material to be treated.

Abstract: A rolling mill, in particular a rolling mill having more than one mill stand, includes at least two rolls which are mounted in a roll bearing in a mill stand to absorb rolling forces, movers for moving at least one roll relative to the mill stand as well as determining devices for determining the roll pass, the determining device having a pass reference and a spatial reference as well as a measuring device for measuring the relative position between the pass reference and the spatial reference. At least one of the pass reference and the spatial reference is arranged peripherally in relation to the power flow occurring between the roll and the mill stand.

Abstract: The invention relates to a bending press (1) and/or a loading device (2) for loading a bending press (1) with bending tools (5, 6), comprising: at least one tool holder (3, 4; 13, 14) with a rail (7) having an inner profile (8) for receiving and displacing a bending tool (5, 6), at least one internal wall (9) of the rail (7) forming a guide structure (10) extending in the longitudinal direction of the rail (7); and at least one transfer device (15) drivable by a drive (21) for displacing a bending tool (5, 6) within the tool holder (3, 4; 13, 14) and/or between the tool holder (13, 14) of the loading device (2) and a tool holder (3, 4) of a bending press (1), wherein at least one portion of the transfer device (15) is guided by the guide structure (10) formed in the rail (7).

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a trailer hitch receiver tube with an integral reinforcing collar is described. A two piece die having an interior shape and dimensions conforming to the shape and dimensions of a selected trailer hitch receiver tube is provided, the two pieces of the die being a right half and a left half. Each of the right and left halves of the die are provided with means to forcefully move the die from an open position to a closed position around a workpiece. The die, around an upper edge thereof is provided with a relief cavity around its perimeter having the shape of a reinforcement collar. A base mandrel is provided between the right and left halves of the die, the base mandrel having a size and shape conforming to the size and shape of the interior of a trailer hitch receiver tube, and the base mandrel having a height less than the die. A steel receiver tube is positioned on the base mandrel, the tube having a height greater than the die halves.

Abstract: A forming press for forming a sheet-like blank has a first thermally insulated frame part having a die with a negative engraving and a second thermally insulated frame part defining a chamber and having a punch movably disposed in the chamber. The sheet-like blank rests in a sealing manner on the second frame part and covers the punch so as to define a pressure chamber with the punch therein. A pressure generator provides a pressurized gas to the pressure chamber during a forming process.

Abstract: A can seaming apparatus including a frame, a can handling assembly, a can driving assembly and a seaming assembly. The can seaming apparatus is configured to seal a lid to a can through a double seam can seal. The can is positioned and clamped between an upper and a lower chuck. The can driving assembly spins the can and the upper and lower chucks about an axis. The seaming assembly includes two rollers which can selectively be directed to engage the can to form the necessary crimping operations.

Abstract: A method of joining a functional module comprises the steps of providing a frame structure that defines a bearing channel with at least one circumferentially closed bearing seat; providing at least two attachment parts; providing a hollow shaft that comprises at least one support section for the at least two attachment parts, wherein the attachment parts comprise a mounting seat that is adapted to a support section; feeding the attachment parts in the bearing channel in a first feeding direction; feeding the hollow shaft in the bearing channel in a second feeding direction, wherein the hollow shaft is inserted into the respective mounting seat of the at least two attachment parts; and, subsequent to the feeding of the attachment parts and the hollow shaft in the bearing channel, at least sectionally widening the hollow shaft for a torsionally rigid fixation of the at least two attachment parts with their mounting seats at the respective support section of the hollow shaft.

Abstract: A two different process continued performance type product assembly device may include a punching jig having a punch and configured to ascend and descend, a punching tool located on a lower portion of the punching jig and having a punching die that is located below the punch during a punching work, a fusion tool located on the lower portion of the punching jig and having a fusion horn that is located below the punch during a fusion work, and a tool exchange cylinder configured to push the punching die so that the fusion horn secedes from a position below the punch during the punching work and to pull the punching die so that the fusion horn comes into the position below the punch during the fusion work.

Abstract: A seat frame manufacturing method including: performing extrusion molding of a metal material to form a workpiece material, which has a closed section shape or a solid section shape in which a plate piece continuous in an extrusion direction protrudes in a protruding direction from a portion thereof; and performing press working, the press working including bending a part of the plate piece of the workpiece material in an out-of-plane direction of the plate piece, which is different from the protruding direction of the plate piece, to obtain a finished product.

Abstract: A motorcycle frame rack enables a motorcycle frame to be repaired without removing many components from the motorcycle. A motorcycle is positioned on the motorcycle frame rack, secured in place and then the frame is adjusted using chains coupled to towers. A self-centering laser measuring system is able to be used to analyze and measure damage to the motorcycle frame.

Abstract: A simplified wire bending machine is provided comprising a bending head with an integrated wire cutoff mechanism. The bending head comprises an inner portion, wherein the inner portion includes a wire bending channel; and an outer portion, wherein the outer portion includes a cutting edge and one or more bending pins. The outer portion is rotatable about the inner portion such that a bending pin is capable of bending a wire around the inner portion. Further, the outer portion is movable from a first position to a second position in which the cutting edge is configured to engage and shear a wire.

Abstract: Provided is a forging method capable of preventing a vibration state from being disturbed during forming. The present invention relates to a forging method in which, when a forging material W1 in a forming hole 12 of a die body 11 is plastically worked by driving a punch 2 into a forming hole 12 of the die body, ultrasonic vibrations are applied to the die body 11. The contact state of the forging material W1 with respect to a forming hole inner peripheral surface during the plastic working of the forging material W1 is classified into an insufficient contact state, a sufficient contact state, and a full contact state in order from the forming start time. An application of ultrasonic vibrations is started after shifting from the insufficient contact state to the sufficient contact state.

Abstract: A hydraulic forging press machine and a control method, whereby surging of the forging load or dead zones where the forging speed goes to zero is suppressed, and forging is performed with high precision throughout a wider range than the prior art, from low to high load. Pressure cylinders have a main pressure cylinder configured so working fluid is supplied during forging, and secondary pressure cylinders are configured so supplying and stopping of the supply of working fluid thereto are switched in response to the forging load, head-side hydraulic chambers of the secondary pressure cylinders being connected to a head-side hydraulic chamber of the main pressure cylinder via electromagnetic switching valves. Only the main pressure cylinder is used until the forging load exceeds a set load, and the number of secondary pressure cylinders used is sequentially increased as the forging load increases after the forging load exceeds the set load.

Abstract: In the following expression, it is assumed that a thickness of a coating agent applied to a foam pattern [2] is t (mm), a diameter of a hole part [3] is D (mm), and a normal-temperature transverse strength of the dried coating agent is ?c (MPa). At the time of producing a casting provided with a hole having a diameter of 18 mm or smaller and a length of 1 (mm), a coating agent that satisfies the following expression is used when a solidification end time te (sec) at which solidification of a melt ends on a periphery of the hole part [3] is within a time t0 (sec) at which thermal decomposition of the coating agent ends. ?c?{t0/(t0?te)}×(1.

Abstract: An opening is provided in a foam pattern, and a coating agent is applied to the opening. The coating agent applied to the opening is taken as a beam having a sectional secondary moment I, a vertical plate thickness h, and a length L. It is assumed that a volume of a cavity part in the foam pattern is V (mm3), a bulk density of the casting sand filling the cavity part is ?s (kg/mm3), a density of the melt is ?m (kg/mm3), an angle of the opening with respect to a vertical direction is ?, and a transverse strength of the coating agent at the highest temperature during pouring of the melt is ?b (MPa). A sectional shape of the opening, the angle ? of the opening, and the transverse strength ?b of the coating agent are selected to satisfy the expression: ?bI>V(?m??s){(hL/2)sin ??cos ?}.

Abstract: A casting method of using 3D printing to make shell mold, comprising the following steps of: conducting computer-aided graphic design based on the product to be manufactured; importing the graphic design into the 3D printer to print a 3D shell mold; conducting a sintering process of the printed shell mold for solidifying thereof; using the sintered shell mold as a casting cavity, injecting a molten raw material into the shell mold for formation; in the end, taking out the whole shell mold and breaking the shell mold to obtain a cast product; reprocessing the cast product to obtain a finished product; wherein printing materials of the 3D printing are made of a liquid mixture of photosensitive resin and ceramic powder, thereby improving production efficiency and reducing labor intensity as well as pollution.

Abstract: Disclosed is a continuous rapid solidification apparatus, which comprises a cooling roll configured to cool a molten metal supplied to an outer circumference surface thereof; a crucible configured to supply the cooling roll with the molten metal; a molten metal supply configured to melt a raw material metal and supply the crucible with the molten metal; a first chamber configured to form a sealed space where the molten metal supplied from the crucible is cooled by the cooling roll; and a second chamber configured to be formed of a space separated from the first chamber and to form a sealed space where the molten metal is supplied to the crucible by the molten metal supply.

Abstract: A mold assembly for use in forming a component having an outer wall of a predetermined thickness includes a mold and a jacketed core. The jacketed core includes a jacket that includes a first jacket outer wall coupled against an interior wall of the mold, a second jacket outer wall positioned interiorly from the first jacket outer wall, and at least one jacketed cavity defined therebetween. The at least one jacketed cavity is configured to receive a molten component material therein. The jacketed core also includes a core positioned interiorly from the second jacket outer wall. The core includes a perimeter coupled against the second jacket outer wall. The jacket separates the perimeter from the interior wall by the predetermined thickness, such that the outer wall is formable between the perimeter and the interior wall.

Abstract: A mold assembly for use in forming a component having an outer wall of a predetermined thickness is provided. The mold assembly includes a mold that includes an interior wall that defines a mold cavity within the mold. The mold assembly also includes a jacketed core positioned with respect to the mold. The jacketed core includes a jacket that includes an outer wall. The jacketed core also includes a core positioned interiorly of the jacket outer wall. The jacket separates a perimeter of the core from the mold interior wall by the predetermined thickness, such that the outer wall is formable between the perimeter and the interior wall.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a metal-ceramic composite structure and a fabrication method thereof. The metal-ceramic composite structure includes a ceramic substrate having a groove on a surface thereof; a metal member filled in the groove, including a main body made of zirconium base alloy, and a reinforcing material dispersed in the main body and selected from at least one of W, Mo, Ni, Cr, stainless steel, WC, TiC, SiC, ZrC, ZrO2, BN, Si3N4, TiN and Al2O3; a luminance value L of the metal member surface is in a range of 36.92-44.07 under a LAB Chroma system.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a cylinder block for a vehicle integrates a cylinder liner with the cylinder block. The method includes steps of: preparing a molded material having a cylinder liner shape; fixing the prepared molded material to an inside of a mold for the cylinder block; and casting the cylinder block integrated with the molded material by injecting casting molten metal for the cylinder block into the mold for the cylinder block to which the molded material is fixed.

Abstract: An exhausting device of a low-pressure aluminum alloy wheel casting mold, which includes a control mainframe, a connecting line, a gas storage station, a ventilating pipeline, gas inlet plugs, an exhausting plug and the like, the control mainframe is connected with the gas storage station through the connecting line, and the gas storage station is connected with the gas inlet plugs through the ventilating pipeline; the gas inlet plugs are arranged at the bottom mold window; the mold filling process of the high-temperature molten aluminum can be completed in a relatively oxygen-free environment, direct contact between the molten aluminum and oxygen is avoided, and the occurrence probability of the oxidation slag inclusion defect in the wheel casting process is effectively controlled, so that the internal quality of the casting is remarkably improved.

Abstract: There is disclosed an article which is formed of a solid-phase or liquid-phase sintered product of a metal powder, ceramic powder or glass powder. For manufacturing the article, an extrudable mixture which contains the material powder and a thermoplastic binder is shaped into a continuous filament suitable for use in fused filament 3D printers. The printed object is then invested in plaster or other castable refractory. The invested object is then subjected to heating. The heating process burns off the thermoplastic binder and sinters the powders of metal, glass or ceramic, leaving a pure metal, glass or ceramic object. The extrudable mixture is produced by preparing a material powder, preparing thermoplastic binder, blending the material powder and the thermoplastic binder together. The most preferable extrudable mixture contains 80 to 92% by weight of metal powder, 8 to 20% by weight of thermoplastic binder, and 0.0 to 0.1% unavoidable impurities.

Abstract: A system for inspecting a part while said part is produced by additive manufacturing, includes an additive manufacturing apparatus having a build tray, the apparatus being configured to fabricate the part layer-by-layer on the tray; an automated tool holder carrying a tool configured to deposit, add or weld layer-upon-layer of material; the tool holder and tray are configured to move relative to one another along a defined path; and an inspection device attached to the tool holder and configured to scan a layer of material in situ. The tool holder alternately arranges the tool and inspection device in a working position so that the tool holder fixes the tool in the working position for depositing, adding, or welding the layer of material and thereafter the tool holder switches said tool with the inspection device into the working position for scanning and detecting defects in the layer of material.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an additive manufacturing method for manufacturing an object. The method comprises depositing successive layers of a granular metal construction material. The method comprises selectively binding a first region of each layer to form a bound shell of the construction material defining an exterior of the object by depositing a binder into the first region surrounding a second region that remains unbound. The method comprises separating the shell and the enclosed unbound construction material from the construction material remaining outside the shell. The present disclosure also provides apparatuses implementing the manufacturing method, and objects manufactured by the manufacturing method.

Abstract: One example provides a method of manufacturing. The method comprises printing multiple layers comprising a metal material by an additive manufacturing technique, wherein each of the multiple layers comprises an array of cavities each having a cross-section of a polygon; and assembling at least two of the multiple layers to form an article having an array of three-dimensional hollow cells collectively having a honeycomb structure.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an additive manufacturing method for manufacturing an object. The method comprises depositing successive layers of a construction material. The method comprises selectively binding first regions of each layer to form a bound shell of construction material defining an exterior of the object. The method comprises selectively binding second regions of each layer to form support portions contacting the shell and which function to internally support the shell against external forces. The present disclosure also relates to apparatuses implementing the manufacturing method, and objects manufactured by the manufacturing method.

Abstract: A process of fabricating a shield, a process of preparing a component, and an erosion shield are disclosed. The process of fabricating the shield includes forming a near-net shape shield. The near-net shape shield includes a nickel-based layer and an erosion-resistant alloy layer. The nickel-based layer is configured to facilitate secure attachment of the near-net shaped to a component. The process of preparing the component includes securing a near-net shape shield to a substrate of a component.

Abstract: An object holder for a lithographic apparatus has a main body having a surface. A plurality of burls to support an object is formed on the surface or in apertures of a thin-film stack. At least one of the burls is formed by laser-sintering. At least one of the burls formed by laser-sintering may be a repair of a damaged burl previously formed by laser-sintering or another method.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for producing a porous metal oxide powder, and more particularly, to a method for producing a porous metal oxide powder including obtaining metal oxide precipitate slurry from an aqueous metal salt solution dissolving a water-soluble metal salt in water; solvent exchanging the water by mixing a butanol solvent and the metal oxide precipitate slurry; and drying the solvent exchanged metal oxide under atmospheric pressure conditions.

Abstract: A parting/grooving insert and a method of grinding a parting/grooving insert including rotating a plane grinding surface having a normal vector parallel to the axis of rotation and a tangential direction of rotation; providing a parting/grooving insert including a rake surface, a main clearance surface, and a main cutting edge formed between the rake and main clearance surfaces; orienting/positioning the insert relative to the grinding surface, such that the main clearance surface is parallel to the grinding surface, the normal vector of the main cutting edge being in the plane of the main clearance surface and with a vector component in the direction of rotation forming an angle to the tangential direction of rotation at the insert of at least 20 degrees from parallel orientation; and grinding the main clearance surface to provide grinding marks having an angle to the normal vector of the main cutting edge corresponding to the angle to the tangential direction of rotation.

Abstract: A machine tool in which a fluid discharge port (4) for discharging a fluid (F) supplied from a fluid supply unit is provided to a rake surface (3) of a blade tip section (2) provided at a distal end section of the cutting tool (1), which cuts the workpiece (W), and the fluid (F) is discharged from the fluid discharge port (4) toward a rake-surface (2)-facing surface of chips (D) from the workpiece (W) that slide in pressure contact with the rake surface (3), the fluid (F) discharged from the fluid discharge port (4) reducing the force with which the chips (D) that slide in pressure contact with the rake surface (3) make pressure contact with the rake surface (3), and reducing the amount of frictional heat generated by the chips (D) sliding in pressure contact with the rake surface (3).

Abstract: In a surface-coated cutting tool in which a hard coating layer having a total layer thickness of 0.5 to 10 ?m is deposited on a surface of a tool body made of WC-based cemented carbide or TiCN-based cermet, the hard coating layer has an alternately laminated structure of A layers and B layers, in a case where the A layer is: (AlaTi1-a)N (here, a is in atomic ratio), the A layer satisfies 0.50?a<0.75, in a case where the B layer is: (AlbTi1-b)N (here, b is in atomic ratio), the B layer satisfies 0.75?b?0.95, and when a layer thickness per layer of the A layers is represented by x (nm) and a layer thickness per layer of the B layers is represented by y (nm), 5y?x?3y and 250 (nm)?x+y?100 (nm) are satisfied.