Abstract: Apparatus and methods for monitoring electrical activity within the brain of a person (“brainwaves”) employing electrodes or other sensors placed proximate to portions of the body below the head to develop raw signals without physically touching the body and penetrating hair and clothing. Additionally, apparatus and methods for monitoring electrical activity within the brain of a person (“brainwaves”) employing non-contacting sensors placed proximate to portions of the head to develop raw signals. The raw signals are filtered to produce analysis signals including frequency components relevant to brain electrical activity while attenuating unrelated frequency components. The apparatus and methods can be used for biofeedback-based attention training, human performance training, gaming, biometrics, cognitive state detection, and relaxation training.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for scoring in real time neural signals of a subject with respect to a reference state characterized by k=1 . . . K reference covariance matrices, the method including the following steps: (i) obtaining neural signals from the subject; (ii) computing a covariance matrix of the neural signals; (iii) computing the Riemannian distances between the covariance matrix and k=1 . . . K reference covariance matrices; (iv) computing a continuous score s in real time based on at least one of the distances computed in step (iii). Also disclosed is a system and method for self-paced modulation or external modulation of neural activity of a subject.

Abstract: An efficient system for diagnosing arrhythmias and directing catheter therapies may allow for measuring, classifying, analyzing, and mapping spatial electrophysiological (EP) patterns within a body. The efficient system may further guide arrhythmia therapy and update maps as treatment is delivered. The efficient system may use a medical device having a high density of sensors with a known spatial configuration for collecting EP data and positioning data. Further, the efficient system may also use an electronic control system (ECU) for computing and providing the user with a variety of metrics, derivative metrics, high definition (HD) maps, HD composite maps, and general visual aids for association with a geometrical anatomical model shown on a display device.

Abstract: An anatomical mapping system including a plurality of mapping electrodes disposed in or near an anatomical structure and configured to detect activation signals of physiological activity, each of the plurality of mapping electrodes having an electrode location, and a processing system associated with the plurality of mapping electrodes, and configured to record the detected activation signals and associate one of the plurality of mapping electrodes with each recorded activation signal. The processing system further configured to determine a dominant frequency at each electrode location, and determine a wavefront vector at each electrode location based on a difference between the dominant frequency at a first electrode location and the dominant frequency at neighboring electrode locations.

Abstract: A system for processing cardiac activation information associated with a complex rhythm disorder identifies a location of the heart rhythm disorder by determining activations within cardiac signals obtained at neighboring locations of the heart and arranging the activations to identify an activation trail. The activation trail may define a rotational pattern or radially emanating pattern corresponding to an approximate core of the heart rhythm disorder.

Abstract: A system for cardiac monitoring and therapy includes a mother device configured to receive signals indicative of cardiac electrical activity in a patient's heart. The mother device includes a mother wireless communications module configured to transmit and receive information to d and from the mother device. The system also includes a satellite device configured to receive the signals indicative of the cardiac electrical activity in the patient's heart from a remote location relative to the mother device and includes a satellite wireless communications module configured to transmit from and receive communications sent to the satellite device to at least communicate with the mother wireless communications module. The system also includes a processor configured to receive the signals indicative of the cardiac electrical activity in the heart received by the mother device and the satellite device and, based thereon, control delivery of electrical therapy to the patient's heart.

Abstract: The object is to acquire electroencephalogram of high resolution with fewer number of electrodes than usual. An electroencephalogram measurement apparatus comprising: a plurality of electrodes 110 attached on the scalp of a subject for acquisition of electroencephalogram signals of the subject; and an electroencephalogram generation unit 150 for generating an electroencephalograms at locations of the scalp where the electrodes are attached and electroencephalograms at locations of the scalp where the electrodes are not attached.

Abstract: A surgical locator circuit identifies a surgical target such as a kidney stone by disposing an emitter such as a magnetic source behind or adjacent the surgical target, and employing the circuit to identify an axis to the emitter, thus defining an axis or path to the surgical target. An array of sensors arranged in an equidistant, coplanar arrangement each senses a signal indicative of a distance to the emitter. A magneto resistor sensor generates a variable resistance is responsive to the distance to a magnetic coil emitting a magnetic field. An equal signal from each of the coplanar sensors indicates positioning on an axis passing through a point central to the sensors and orthogonal to the plane. A fixed element and signal conditioner augments and normalizes the signal received from each of the sensors to accommodate subtle differences in magneto resistive response among the plurality of sensors.

Abstract: Rapid quantitative evaluations of heart function are carried out with strain measurements from Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) images using a circuit at least partially onboard or in communication with an MRI Scanner and in communication with the at least one display, the circuit including at least one processor that: obtains a plurality of series of MRI images of long and short axis planes of a heart of a patient, with each series of the MRI images is taken over a different single beat of the heart of the patient during an image session that is five minutes or less of active scan time and with the patient in a bore of the MRI Scanner; measures strain of myocardial heart tissue of the heart of the patient based on the plurality of series of MRI images of the heart of the patient; and generates longitudinal and circumferential heart models with a plurality of adjacent compartments, wherein the compartments are color-coded based on the measured strain.

Abstract: A high-frequency device that detects biological information related to heartbeat, respiration, and the like with high accuracy. A high-frequency device (1) includes a biological signal extracting unit (heartbeat signal extracting unit 53, respiration signal extracting unit 63) that extracts a biological signal representing a specific frequency component; and an autocorrelation function processing unit (heartbeat autocorrelation function processing unit 54, respiratory autocorrelation function processing unit 64) that determines periodicity of an autocorrelation function to calculate biological information.

Abstract: In a magnetic resonance (MR) apparatus and an operating method wherein the MR apparatus has a scanner with a patient table that can be moved into a patient receiving region of the scanner, the patient table is held in an extended loading position, and three-dimensional scanning data describing the surface of a patient positioned in the loading position on the patient table are recorded with a 3D camera, which has a field of view that covers the patient table in the loading position. For the determination of at least one patient-related recording parameter, the scanning data are evaluated for the subsequent recording MR data.

Abstract: A method is for positioning a positionable table for a patient inside a medical imaging device. In an embodiment, the method includes a determination of a table position as a function of an organ or body part of the patient for examination; an ascertainment of correction data for correcting the table position; a determination of a corrected table position based on the ascertained correction data; and a positioning of the table at the corrected table position.

Abstract: In one aspect there is provided a medical navigation system, comprising a computing device having a processor coupled to a memory, a tracking camera for tracking medical instruments, and a display for displaying an image. Tracked medical instruments may have attached thereto an indicator device having a visual indicator. The indicator device is positioned in view of a user during the medical procedure, and is configured to receive, from the medical navigation system, data indicating a quality of the tracking of the one or more instruments, and to display, using the visual indicator, the data indicating the quality of the tracking.

Abstract: Information extracted from sequential images captured from the perspective of a distal end of a medical device moving through an anatomical structure are compared with corresponding information extracted from a computer model of the anatomical structure. A most likely match between the information extracted from the sequential images and the corresponding information extracted from the computer model is then determined using probabilities associated with a set of potential matches so as to register the computer model of the anatomical structure to the medical device and thereby determine the lumen of the anatomical structure which the medical device is currently in. Sensor information may be used to limit the set of potential matches. Feature attributes associated with the sequence of images and the set of potential matches may be quantitatively compared as part of the determination of the most likely match.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of detecting a smoking behavior based on an acceleration sensor. A method of detecting a smoking behavior based on an acceleration sensor according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure includes: calculating a wrist acceleration variation value which is a variation value of gravitational acceleration applied based on a gravitational direction with respect to a user's wrist in accordance with a motion of the user's wrist by using a three-axis acceleration sensor worn on the user's wrist; converting the wrist acceleration variation value into a wrist angle variation value which is a variation value of a wrist angle that indicates an angle to the user's wrist based on the gravitational direction; comparing at least one template signal made by modeling the variation value of the user's wrist angle corresponding to a smoking behavior with the wrist angle variation value; and detecting the user's smoking behavior based on the comparison result.

Abstract: A method of imaging a body part includes locating a first, second and third anatomical reference area. The third anatomical reference area is disposed generally between the first and second anatomical reference areas. Furthermore, the method includes positioning a first member of a reference tool relative to the first anatomical reference area, positioning a second member of the reference tool relative to the second anatomical reference area, and a pivotal coupling member relative to the third anatomical reference area. The pivotal coupling member pivotally couples the first and second members of the reference tool. In addition, the method includes imaging a target area of the body part to produce an image. The image includes the target area of the body part and the first and second members. The first member indicates a first axis of the body part, and the second member indicates a second axis of the body part.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for measuring the size of body parts treated by a compression therapy device. Either the volume or circumference of the body part may be measure. The methods my include evacuating an inflatable compression sleeve to a known pressure, inserting the body part into the compression sleeve, inflating the sleeve to a pre-set condition, and then measuring one or more inflation related parameters. The pre-set conditions may include a predetermined pressure, volume, or size of the inflatable cells comprising the sleeve. The inflation related parameters may include the time to fill the cell to a pre-set pressure, the pressure attained after a pre-set time of inflation, or the measure volume of a cell after a pre-set amount of air is introduced into it. The methods may also include deflating the cells from the known inflation state to a second inflation state and measuring similar parameters.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for targeted training of a person walking on a powered backward moving surface. Kinematic information of motor performance, such as ankle position and velocity, is measured throughout one or more phases of a gait cycle with a detector. The gait phase is determined, and a resistive/assistive force is applied to the leg that differs depending upon the gait phase and the measured kinematic information.

Abstract: A heart rate monitor includes a magnet supported to move responsive to an arterial pulse and a magnetometer configured to detect changes in a magnetic field produced by the magnet. The magnet can include a plurality of ferromagnetic particles disposed in or on a flexible substrate configured to be held adjacent to human skin subject to arterial palpation and a magnetic sensor configured to sense movement of the ferromagnetic particles.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method and system for determining the sensitivity of a first microphone, the method comprising providing an acoustic coupler having at least one internal cavity configured such that a sound field can be generated within the cavity, the cavity being further in acoustic communication with a reference microphone configured to measure the reference sound pressure at a given position in said cavity, the cavity being further provided with an inlet opening configured to establish acoustic communication between the sound inlet of said first microphone, the sensitivity of which is to be determined.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and system for estimating blood analyte levels using a noninvasive optical coherence tomography (OCT) based physiological monitor. An algorithm correlates OCT-based estimated blood analyte data with actual blood analyte data determined by other methods, such as invasively. OCT-based data is fit to the obtained blood analyte measurements to achieve the best correlation. Once the algorithm has generated sets of estimated blood analyte levels, it may refine the number of sets by applying one or more mathematical filters. The OCT-based physiological monitor can be calibrated using an Intensity Difference plot or the Pearson Product Moment Correlation method.

Abstract: The double layer capacitance of a working electrode of a sensor may be measured with minimal disruption to the sensor equilibrium by open circuiting the working electrode and measuring the voltage drift on a periodic, or as-needed, basis. The values of the double layer capacitance may be monitored over time to determine, e.g., sensor age and condition.

Abstract: A method for non-invasive glucose monitoring includes the following steps. At least one ray of light is emitted from at least one light source. The light emitted from the light source is leaded into an eyeball and focused on the eyeball through a first beam splitter. The reflected light reflected from the eyeball is transmitted through the first beam splitter to a set of photo detectors. Optical angular information and energy information of the reflected light transmitted to the set of photo detectors are measured. Optical angular difference and energy difference resulting from the light emitted from the light source and the reflected light transmitted to the set of photo detectors are obtained. Glucose information is obtained by analyzing the optical angular difference and the energy difference. Since glucose information has a corresponding relationship with blood glucose information, blood glucose information may be obtained.

Abstract: A substance concentration analysis method includes calculating a difference for the particular time between a first measured amount of mid-infrared (MIR) radiation absorbed by or emitted from a body in a first wavelength and a second measured amount of MIR radiation absorbed by or emitted from the body in a second wavelength, calculating a quotient including a dividend based on the difference divided by a divisor based on a dT/dt value, and calculating the concentration of the substance in the body based on a correlation with the quotient.

Abstract: A method and system for measuring oxygen levels and various blood constituents utilizing a sensor having one or more light sources, and one or more light detectors is disclosed. The system is capable of using data collected by the one or more detectors from a non-monochromatic light source to provide accurate information during motion events occurring with an extremity the sensor. The system is also capable of detecting and providing an alert if the sensor is not properly placed on a patient or becomes disengaged therefrom.

Abstract: Examples of the present disclosure relate to an apparatus and method for detecting light reflected from an object. The apparatus includes a light guiding element including a diffracting structure configured to direct incident light to an object; and an optical sensing element configured to detect light reflected from said object.

Abstract: Disclosed are a mobile and expandable firmware-based optical spectroscopy system and a method for controlling same. The optical spectroscopy system may comprise: a wearing part attached to a particular region of a subject to irradiate light, on the basis of a firmware, to the particular region and measure the bodily signals of the subject by collecting emergent light which has passed through the particular region; and a monitoring unit, connected to the wearing part via a wired or wireless network, for controlling the strength of the light irradiated from the wearing part.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide amperometric analyte sensors having optimized elements such as interference rejection membranes as well as methods for making and using such sensors. The amperometric analyte sensor apparatus comprises: a base layer; a conductive layer disposed on the base layer and comprising a working electrode; an interference rejection membrane disposed on an electroactive surface of the working electrode, wherein the interference rejection membrane comprises poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) polymers crosslinked by an acid crosslinker, wherein the crosslinker is a dicarboxylic acid type monomer or a polymer comprising a carboxylic acid group; and an analyte sensing layer. While embodiments of the innovation can be used in a variety of contexts, typical embodiments of the invention include glucose sensors used in the management of diabetes.

Abstract: Devices are presented for measurement of an analyte concentration. The devices comprise: a sensor configured to generate a signal indicative of a concentration of an analyte; and a sensing membrane located over the sensor. The sensing membrane comprises an enzyme domain comprising an enzyme, a base polymer, and a hydrophilic polymer which makes up from about 5 wt. % to about 30 wt. % of the enzyme domain.

Abstract: A method of monitoring the behavior of a cohort group of members, including: a cohort group behavior monitoring step during which the behavior of the members of the cohort group of members is monitored so as to provide behavior data; and a vision information generating step during which vision information relating to the vision of the members of the cohort group is generated based on the monitoring of the behavior data over time.

Abstract: A mood-conscious interaction device detects at least one physiological data of a user, and turns on a light with a color which corresponds to the physiological data. Thus, other users can know a mood or emotion of the user according to the color of the light, and the moods or emotion of the other users can be made known to the user during communications.

Abstract: A method and system for measuring psychological stress disclosed. In a first aspect, the method comprises determining R-R intervals from an electrocardiogram (ECG) to calculate a standard deviation of the R-R intervals (SDNN) and determining a stress feature (SF) using the SDNN. In response to reaching a threshold, the method includes performing adaptation to update a probability mass function (PMF). The method includes determining a stress level (SL) using the SF and the updated PMF to continuously measure the psychological stress. In a second aspect, the system comprises a wireless sensor device coupled to a user via at least one electrode, wherein the wireless sensor device includes a processor and a memory device coupled to the processor, wherein the memory device stores an application which, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to carry out the steps of the method.

Abstract: An emotion estimation device includes: an image obtaining unit that obtains plural images in which an object person is photographed in time series; an expression recognizer that recognizes an expression of the object person from each of the plural images obtained by the image obtaining unit; a storage in which expression recognition results of the plural images are stored as time-series data; and an emotion estimator that detects a feature associated with a time change of the expression of the object person from the time-series data stored in the storage in an estimation target period, and estimates the emotion of the object person in the estimation target period based on the detected feature.

Abstract: A health care assisting device includes: an image acquisition part that acquires a plurality of images in which a target person is photographed in time series; an expression recognizer that recognizes a feature of an expression of the target person from the plurality of images acquired by the image acquisition part; a storage in which expression recognition results of the plural images are stores as time-series data; a health state estimator that detects a feature associated with a temporal change of the expression of the target person from the time-series data stored in the storage, and estimates a mental health state of the target person based on the detected feature; and an output part that outputs information on the mental health state of the target person based on an estimation result of the health state estimator.

Abstract: Disclosed is a technique of determining a driver's tension level (tension state degree) in vehicle driving in detail with a simple configuration. According to the technique, a nonlinear analyzing unit 110 of a driver's tension level determining apparatus 100 determining the tension level in driving of a driver acquires the driving operation amounts relating to driving operations of a driver (the operation amounts relating to operations of an accelerator pedal, a brake pedal, a handle, and the like), and then calculates the Lyapunov exponents about the driving operation amounts by performing nonlinear analysis processing. A frequency spectrum analyzing unit 120 calculates the power spectral density of time series data of the Lyapunov exponents, and then calculates an integrated value of a predetermined low frequency band in the calculated power spectral density.

Abstract: A method is provided for monitoring and managing muscle activity and soft tissue loading. The method includes providing to a subject a plurality of sensors for measuring muscle activity and soft tissue loading levels; directing the subject to undertake a program of exercise; measuring muscle activity and soft tissue loading during the program of exercise; comparing the measured muscle activity and soft tissue loading levels against calibrated muscle activity and soft tissue loading levels for the subject; and alerting the subject if the comparison of measured muscle activity and soft tissue loading levels against calibrated muscle activity and soft tissue loading levels indicates that a desirable level of muscle activity and/or soft tissue loading is being exceeded.

Abstract: An analysis system for analysis of the balance of circadian heart rhythm autonomic nervous system, the analysis system having tools which are designed to perform the following steps after artifact and arrhythmias removal from RR interval series: identification of the chaotic part of the RR interval series and analysis of the chaotic part; separation of the chaotic part from RR interval series and acquisition of the clean circadian RR series; acquisition of the normalized RR interval series using—interpolation, resampling and normalization; analysis of the heart rate bimodal distribution and modes of the normalized RR interval series; identification of the heart rate circadian period in the normalized RR data series; analysis of the heart rhythm variable part SNS and PNS regulation indicators in the normalized RR data series; generation of the report on obtained results in graph and tabular form.

Abstract: A test is administered using a device responsive to touch for measuring the saccadic eye movement of an individual that has suffered some sort of trauma (impact or shaking) to the head, and comparing this measurement (post-trauma measurement or post-trauma CQ score) with a previous measurement taken prior to the impact (baseline measurement or baseline CQ score). The comparison yields a value test performance value resulting in a conclusion that the individual may be suffering from a concussion or that the individual is not in a concussive state. The test's accuracy is enhanced by (1) performing periodic baseline readings which are updated as the individual advances with age, (2) the near real-time of the post-trauma measurement in relation to when the trauma occurred, and (3) the automatic determination and transmission of objective test results resulting from an electronic touch screen system which can be transmitted to a networked physician.

Abstract: A test is administered using a device responsive to touch for measuring the saccadic eye movement of an individual that has suffered some sort of trauma (impact or shaking) to the head, and comparing this measurement (post-trauma measurement or post-trauma CQ score) with a previous measurement taken prior to the impact (baseline measurement or baseline CQ score). The comparison yields a value test performance value resulting in a conclusion that the individual may be suffering from a concussion or that the individual is not in a concussive state. The test's accuracy is enhanced by (1) performing periodic baseline readings which are updated as the individual advances with age, (2) the near real-time of the post-trauma measurement in relation to when the trauma occurred, and (3) the automatic determination and transmission of objective test results resulting from a touch screen system which can be transmitted to a networked physician.

Abstract: A method of processing EEC signals received from a plurality electrodes. The method comprises processing the EEC signals to determine a modulation index value for each electrode, determining one or more electrodes that have a modulation index value above a threshold level observed during ictal activity, and using the determined one or more electrodes, to identify one or more possible regions of interest corresponding to seizure zones of a subject's brain.

Abstract: To appropriately evaluate skin spots by grasping a quality (characteristic) of the skin spots. A skin spot evaluation apparatus includes an area extracting unit that extracts skin spot areas corresponding to skin spots from a skin image obtained by photographing a skin of a subject; and an evaluation unit that analyzes, based on the skin spot areas extracted by the area extracting unit, at least one of the number of the skin spots, dimension of each of the skin spots and density of each of the skin spots, and generates data obtained by quantifying characteristic of the skin spots of the skin image using the analyzed result.

Abstract: An organ image capture device is provided with an imaging unit, a display unit, and an information extracting unit. The imaging unit images an organ of a living body and acquires an image thereof. The display unit displays, together with the image acquired by imaging by the imaging unit, an indicator for specifying an organ imaging position satisfying an imaging condition including a condition relating to illumination at the time of imaging by the imaging unit. The information extracting unit extracts information necessary for diagnosing the degree of health of the living body from an image which is acquired by imaging by the imaging unit and is within a range specified by the indicator.

Abstract: Methods for estimating and predicting tooth wear based upon a single 3D digital model of teeth. The 3D digital model is segmented to identify individual teeth within the model. A digital model of a tooth is selected from the segmented model, and its original shape is predicted. The digital model is compared with the predicted original shape to estimate wear areas. A mapping function based upon values relating to tooth wear can also be applied to the selected digital model to predict wear of the tooth.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising at least one sensor to detect the position and/or orientation of a body portion of a subject, the sensor in communication with a computing device to process sensor data and optionally a transmitter to transmit sensor data between the sensor and the computing device and/or one or more computing devices.

Abstract: Examples of systems, devices, and methods as described in this disclosure include a shoulder motion measurement system comprising a mounting device comprising a receptacle configured to hold an electronic device at a fixed orientation relative to a scapula of a patient, wherein the mounting device comprises one or more structures configured for handling by a user when aligning the shoulder motion measurement system against the patient.

Abstract: The invention relates to apparatus to be worn at or adjacent to the knee joint of a person to detect the impact effect of forces applied to the knee joint and, as a result of the detection, and typically analysis of information relating to the person wearing the apparatus, feedback information is provided to the person, in one embodiment during the time when the apparatus is being worn, so as to provide timely feedback to the person wearing the apparatus of the impact on the PF joint. The person wearing the apparatus or monitoring the same can use the feedback whilst the apparatus is being worn, in order to allow the person to change their movement or stop their movement with immediate effect and thereby prevent or minimise the risk of the injury occurring.

Abstract: A surgical treatment device is provided with: an action portion; a light emitting part that radiates laser light onto living tissue; a light receiving part that receives scattered light of the laser light scattered by the living tissue; a light detection unit that detects the intensity of the scattered light received by the light receiving part; a frequency analysis unit that obtains time-series data indicating a temporal change in the intensity of the scattered light detected by the light detection unit, to extract an amount of frequency spectrum shift of the scattered light, included in the time-series data; and a determination unit that determines a feature of a blood vessel in the living tissue on the basis of the amount of frequency spectrum shift.

Abstract: Therapy delivery to a patient may be controlled based on a determined sleep stage of the patient. In examples, the sleep stage may be determined based on a frequency characteristic of a biosignal indicative of brain activity of the patient. A frequency characteristic may include, for example, a power level within one or more frequency bands of the biosignal, a ratio of the power level in two or more frequency bands, or a pattern in the power level of one or more frequency bands over time. A therapy program may be selected or modified based on the sleep stage determination. Therapy may be delivered during the sleep stage according to the selected or modified therapy program. In some examples, therapy delivery may be controlled after making separate determinations of a sleep stage based on the biosignal and another physiological parameter, and confirming that the sleep stage determinations are consistent.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods provide compliance management tools such as for respiratory pressure therapy. In some versions, a respiratory pressure therapy system may include one or more processors, such as of a data server, configured to communicate with a computing device and/or a respiratory pressure therapy device. The respiratory pressure therapy device may be configured to deliver respiratory pressure therapy to a patient for a session. The computing device may be associated with the patient. The processor(s) may be further configured to compute a therapy quality indicator of the session from usage data relating to the session. The therapy quality indicator may be a number derived from contributions of a plurality of usage variables for the session in the usage data. The processor(s) may be further configured to present, such as by transmitting, the therapy quality indicator to the computing device. The therapy quality indicator may promote patient compliance.

Abstract: A system including a thermal sensor with an instrument placed in a volume. The thermal sensor may be useful in determining a temperature at a surface of the instrument and a distance away from the instrument. A therapy may be performed based on a sensed temperature with the thermal sensors.