Abstract: A coated article includes a temperable antireflection (AR) coating that utilizes medium and low index (index of refraction “n”) layers having compressive residual stress in the AR coating. In certain example embodiments, the coating may include the following layers from the glass substrate outwardly: silicon oxynitride (SiOxNy) medium index layer/high index layer/low index layer. In certain example embodiments, depending on the chemical and optical properties of the high index layer and the substrate, the medium and low index layers of the AR coating are selected to cause a net compressive residual stress and thus optimize the overall performance of the antireflection coating when the coated article is tempered and/or heat-treated.

Abstract: A rectangular glass substrate has a front surface, a back surface, four side surfaces, and eight chamfered surfaces, and a thickness of at least 6 mm. A first curved surface along the edge line between the front surface and the chamfered surface disposed adjacent thereto has an average gradient of up to 25% in a range from the front surface to a position of 50 ?m below the front surface when the substrate is rested horizontal with the front surface facing upward. A second curved surface along the edge line between at least one of four side surfaces and the chamfered surface disposed adjacent to the front surface has an average gradient of at least 30% in a range from the at least one side surface to a position of 50 ?m below the at least one side surface when the substrate is rested horizontal with the at least one side surface facing upward.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing a tempered glass sheet that has been tempered by an ion exchange process, the method including: a film forming step of covering a surface of an original glass sheet with an ion permeation suppressing film configured to suppress permeation of an alkali metal ion, to thereby provide a glass sheet with a film; a processing step of subjecting, after the film forming step, the glass sheet with a film to at least any one of cutting processing, end-surface processing, and hole-opening processing, to thereby provide a glass sheet to be tempered including an exposed portion free from being covered with the ion permeation suppressing film; and a tempering step of chemically tempering, after the processing step, the glass sheet to be tempered by the ion exchange process to provide a tempered glass sheet.

Abstract: Embodiments of a glass-based article including a first surface and a second surface opposing the first surface defining a thickness (t) of about 3 millimeters or less (e.g., about 1 millimeter or less), and a stress profile, wherein all points of the stress profile between a thickness range from about 0·t up to 0.3·t and from greater than 0.7·t, comprise a tangent that is less than about ?0.1 MPa/micrometers or greater than about 0.1 MPa/micrometers, are disclosed. In some embodiments, the glass-based article includes a non-zero metal oxide concentration that varies along at least a portion of the thickness (e.g., 0·t to about 0.3·t). In some embodiments, the concentration of metal oxide or alkali metal oxide decreases from the first surface to a point between the first surface and the second surface and increases from the point to the second surface. The concentration of the metal oxide may be about 0.05 mol % or greater or about 0.5 mol % or greater throughout the thickness.

Abstract: The present invention provides an on-line method for stabilizing surface compressive stress of chemically-tempered glass, which comprises the steps of: placing glass to be tempered together with a stabilizer in a tempering furnace containing a molten salt bath for glass tempering; and after reacting at a temperature for a period of time, removing the glass and the stabilizer from the tempering furnace. The stabilizer is capable of chemically reacting with impurity ions in the molten salt bath for glass tempering, to remove the impurity ions in the molten salt bath. Therefore, the presence of the stabilizer allows the impurity ion content in the molten salt bath for glass tempering to be stable without gradual accumulation.

Abstract: The method is for use with a substrate having a plurality of parallel channels extending therethrough. In the method, the steps comprise: filling a selected plurality of the channels with a granular material; and consolidating the granular material through heat. The selected plurality of channels is selected to produce a wall that separates the substrate into: a first portion having a first plurality of the parallel channels extending therethrough; and a second portion having a second plurality of the parallel channels extending therethrough.

Abstract: A method of producing dispersed of high quality graphene/graphite oxides in a powder matrix to then be reacted to form a composite. Where the powders have similar hydrophobicity and the graphene/graphite oxides has minimal surface oxidation or minimal epoxy group and where the powders are sonically mixed.

Abstract: A printable concrete composition is made from the combination of a solid mix, water, and various liquid admixtures. The solid mix includes quantities of aggregate, coarse sand, and fine sand in an approximately 1:1:1 critical aggregate ratio, as well as a binding agent present in a critical binding ratio. Solid admixtures include clay, fly ash, and silica fume. This solid mix may be prepackaged for later combination with the water and liquid admixtures. The solid mix combines with water at a critical water ratio ranging from approximately 0.44 to approximately 0.50. Liquid admixtures include flow control, plasticizer, and shrinkage-reducing admixtures. Once the printable concrete composition is prepared, a user may print a structure without further modification of the composition. Users may embed mesh between layers of the printable concrete composition to reinforce or stabilize the structure.

Abstract: A permeable pavement and cured fiber composition and a related method are provided. The permeable pavement composition includes a quantity of pavement material, and a quantity of cured carbon fiber composite material (CCFCM) configured to be added to the pavement material to produce a reinforced composition having improved characteristics. An example of pavement material includes a pervious concrete material. The method includes providing a quantity of pavement material, and adding a quantity of cured carbon fiber composite material to the pavement material to produce a reinforced composition having improved characteristics.

Abstract: A honeycomb structure that is the porous ceramic structure is made of a ceramic material and has pores in a structure interior, the honeycomb structure has cerium dioxide, at least a part of the cerium dioxide is incorporated in the structure interior, at least a part of the incorporated cerium dioxide is exposed on pore surfaces of the pores, and at least a part of the exposed cerium dioxide is constituted as an oxide-containing cerium dioxide including iron oxide on the surface and/or in the part.

Abstract: A ferrite composition includes a main component and an accessory component. The main component includes 43.0 to 51.0 mol % of iron oxide in terms of Fe2O3, 5.0 to 15.0 mol % of copper oxide in terms of CuO, 1.0 to 24.9 mol % of zinc oxide in terms of ZnO, and a remaining part of nickel oxide. The accessory component includes 0.2 to 3.0 pts. wt. of silicon compound in terms of SiO2, 3.0 to 8.0 pts. wt. of cobalt compound in terms of Co3O4 (excluding 3.0 pts. wt.), and 0.2 to 8.0 pts. wt. of bismuth compound in terms of Bi2O3 with respect to 100 pts. wt. of the main component.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new multiferroic materials. More particularly, the present invention relates to new multiferroic single phase ceramic materials as well as to thin films formed from these materials, methods of preparing these materials and their use as multiferroic materials in electronic components and devices.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are embodiments of composite hexagonal ferrite materials formed from a combination of Y phase and Z phase hexagonal ferrite materials. Advantageously, embodiments of the material can have a high resonant frequency as well as a high permeability. In some embodiments, the materials can be useful for magnetodielectric antennas.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a lamination-shaped fired body. This production method includes a shaping step (S10) of shaping a lamination-shaped article by using a lamination shaping powder that contains non-hydrating reaction raw material particles, an impregnation step (S20) of impregnating the lamination-shaped article with a coupling liquid that contains a coupling agent, and a firing step (S30) of firing the lamination-shaped article so as to obtain a lamination-shaped fired body, implemented following the impregnation step.

Abstract: The present invention provides a silicon nitride circuit board in which metal plates are attached on front and rear sides of a silicon nitride substrate having a three-point bending strength of 500 MPa or higher, with attachment layers interposed therebetween, wherein assuming that a thickness of the metal plate on the front side is denoted by t1, and a thickness of the metal plate on the rear side is denoted by t2, at least one of the thicknesses t1 and t2 is 0.6 mm or larger, a numerical relation: 0.10?|t1?t2|?0.30 mm is satisfied, and warp amounts of the silicon nitride substrate in a long-side direction and a short-side direction both fall within a range from 0.01 to 1.0 mm. Due to above configuration, TCT properties of the silicon nitride circuit board can be improved even if the thicknesses of the front and rear metal plates are large.

Abstract: A method is described for manufacturing a ceramic composite structure. The method includes wrapping ceramic fibers (22), such as SiC fibers, about the external surface of at least one form. The method further includes heating the wrapped fibers (22) to a temperature no greater than a first temperature, infiltrating voids (24) in the wrapped fibers (22) with the ceramic composite in a first vessel (12) at the first temperature, transferring the infiltrated wrapped fibers (22) from the first vessel (12) to a second vessel (14), distinct from the first vessel (12), and coating the infiltrated wrapped fibers (22) with the ceramic composite in the second vessel (14) at a second temperature, higher than the first temperature.

Abstract: The subject matter disclosed herein relates generally to light-curable ceramic slurries, and more specifically, to hybrid binders for light-curable ceramic slurries. A light-curable ceramic slurry includes a hybrid binder having an organic resin component and a multi-functional reactive siloxane component that is miscible with the organic resin component. The slurry also includes a photoinitiator having a corresponding photoactivation wavelength range and ceramic particles. The slurry is cured via exposure to light in the photoactivation wavelength range of the photoinitiator such that both the organic resin component and the multi-functional reactive siloxane component of the hybrid binder polymerize.

Abstract: A binder resin composition comprising an aliphatic polycarbonate resin represented by the formula (1): and an end-capped aliphatic polycarbonate resin represented by the formula (2): wherein each of X and Y, which may be identical or different, is a group having at least one functional group selected from a carboxy group, an ester group, a carbamate group, a silicate group, an isocyanate group, an ether group, an acetal group, and a halogen atom at its end; and an inorganic particle-dispersed paste composition containing the resin composition. The binder resin composition of the present invention can be used in general molded articles, optical materials such as films, fibers, optical fibers, and optical disks, thermally decomposable materials such as ceramic binders, and lost foam casting, medicinal materials such as drug capsules, additives for biodegradable resins, main components for biodegradable resins, and the like.

Abstract: A soluble release layer method for making cured polymer derived ceramic flakes. Adding a release layer onto a substrate, curing the release layer and then adding a liquid polymer derived ceramic (PDC) to the release layer and then curing the PDC layer on the release layer. Using a solvent jet to simultaneously cut and release the PDC layer into isolated flakes.

Abstract: The present invention provides for methods of and compositions for enhancing microbial conversion of nitrate into ammonium. The methods and compositions alter the end products of microbial nitrate reduction to improve agricultural efficiency and lead to more sustainable and economically profitable agricultural practices.

Abstract: A process for production of a pelleted feather meal and soybean meal based organic fertilizer includes combining feather meal and soybean meal to create a combination of feather meal and soybean meal and processing the combination of feather meal and soybean meal into pellets. In one embodiment, the pelleted feather meal and soybean meal based organic fertilizer includes meat and bone meal.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a semi-humic material, and compositions comprising the same, obtained from leonardite ore and a non-humic organic carbon source and a process for obtaining the same. Also described are methods for maintaining more available nitrogen and phosphorus in the plant root zone and minimizing premature leaching and loss of the nitrogen and/or phosphorus into the atmosphere, surface waters and/or subsurface ground water.

Abstract: This present disclosure relates to processes and compositions for toluene methylation in an aromatics complex for producing paraxylene. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to a process for producing paraxylene which includes alkylating a toluene stream and a methanol stream in a toluene methylation zone operating under toluene methylation conditions in the presence of a catalyst comprising a MFI crystal to produce a toluene methylation product stream.

Abstract: An alkylate base oil of a biological origin having a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. from 3 mm2/s to 20 mm2/s, and characterized by having a total integral of a 13C NMR spectrum wherein 25-60% of the total integral of the 13C NMR spectrum falls within 13C NMR resonances in ranges for linear long chain alkyl groups given by: C1(13.9-14.2 ppm), C2(22.6-22.8 ppm), C3(31.9-32.05 ppm), C4(29.35-29.45 ppm), and C5+(29.6-29.8 ppm).

Abstract: Increase propane dehydrogenation activity of a partially deactivated dehydrogenation catalyst by heating the partially deactivated catalyst to a temperature of at least 660° C., conditioning the heated catalyst in an oxygen-containing atmosphere and, optionally, stripping molecular oxygen from the conditioned catalyst.

Abstract: A method for producing diene in which diene can be produced in a high yield by using a raw material including a branched olefin and a straight chain olefin is provided. The method for producing diene comprises: a step 1 of obtaining an internal olefin by removing a branched olefin from a raw material including at least the branched olefin and a straight chain olefin; a step 2 of isomerizing the internal olefin to a terminal olefin by using an isomerization catalyst; and a step 3 of producing diene from the terminal olefin obtained in the step 2 by oxidative dehydrogenation using a dehydrogenation catalyst.

Abstract: Processes for the production of olefins are disclosed, which may include: contacting a hydrocarbon mixture comprising linear butenes with an isomerization catalyst to form an isomerization product comprising 2-butenes and 1-butenes; contacting the isomerization product with a first metathesis catalyst to form a first metathesis product comprising 2-pentene and propylene, as well as any unreacted C4 olefins, and byproducts ethylene and 3-hexene; and fractionating the first metathesis product to form a C3-fraction and a C5 fraction comprising 2-pentene. The 2-pentene may then be advantageously used to produce high purity 1-butene, 3-hexene, 1-hexene, propylene, or other desired products.

Abstract: According to one or more embodiments described herein, propylene may be produced by a process which may comprise one or more of at least partially metathesizing a first portion of a first stream to form a first metathesis-reaction product, at least partially cracking the first metathesis-reaction product to form a cracking-reaction product.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and systems for removing a highly reactive polymer precursor such as acetaldehyde and acetone from a hydrocarbon gas stream. Embodiments may disclose a method for removal of carbonyls comprising providing a hydrocarbon gas stream comprising a carbonyl, providing a liquid bisulfite stream, and contacting the hydrocarbon gas stream and liquid bisulfite stream in a mass transfer device wherein at least a portion of the carbonyl reacts with the bisulfite to form a solid adduct that is soluble in the liquid bisulfite stream.

Abstract: This present disclosure relates to processes for removing contaminants from hydrocarbon streams, e.g. removing chlorides, CO2, COS, H2S, AsH3, methanol, mercaptans and other S- or O-containing organic compounds from olefins, paraffins, aromatics, naphthenes and other hydrocarbon streams. The process involves contacting the stream with an adsorbent which comprises a zeolite, an alumina component and a metal component e.g. sodium, in an amount at least 30% of the zeolite's ion exchange capacity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the provision of an organic compound or compounds containing a fluorenone derivative structure or its substituted derivatives to enhance the thermal stability of organic solar cells.

Abstract: A system for preparing an aromatic derivative is provided, including: a photo-bromination reaction section for performing a photocatalytic reaction of an aromatic hydrocarbon and a brominating agent to form an aromatic hydrocarbon bromide; a substitution reaction section for performing a substitution reaction of the an aromatic hydrocarbon bromide from the photo-bromination reaction section with an alkali base compound or an alkali carboxylate compound to form an aromatic derivative; and a regeneration unit for reacting an alkali metal bromide formed by the substitution reaction section with an acid to form a hydrobromic acid. The regeneration unit is in fluid communication with the photo-bromination reaction section, such that the hydrobromic acid is recycled to the photo-bromination reaction section. A method for preparing the aromatic derivative is also provided.

Abstract: Azeotropic or azeotrope-like mixtures of 1,3-dichloro-3,3-difluoroprop-1-ene (HCFO-1232zd) and hydrogen fluoride (HF). Such compositions are useful as a feed stock or intermediate in the production of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane (HFC-245fa), 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (HCFO-1233zd), and 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234ze).

Abstract: Disclosed in the present invention are a chromium-free gas phase fluorination catalyst and an application thereof. The precursor of the related chromium-free gas phase fluorination catalyst consists of a compound containing iron element, a compound containing rare earth metal element and a compound containing element A, wherein element A is one selected from Ca, Al, Mg and Ti, the precursor is subjected to roasting and fluorination treating to obtain the chromium-free gas phase fluorination catalyst. The precursor of the catalyst is roasted at 400-500° C. and fluoridized with hydrogen fluoride at 350-450° C. to obtain the chromium-free gas phase fluorination catalyst. The catalyst has characteristics of being chromium-free and environment-friendly, good catalytic activity and long life etc. The catalyst can be used for preparing hydrofluoroolefins or hydrochlorofluoroolefins from halohydrocarbons.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is a process for the preparation of fluoroolefin compounds.

Abstract: Azeotropic or azeotrope-like mixtures of 1,3,3-trichloro-3-fluoroprop-1-ene (HCFO-1231zd) and hydrogen fluoride (HF). Such compositions are useful as a feed stock or intermediate in the production of 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane (HFC-245fa),1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (HCFO-1233zd), and 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234ze).

Abstract: Azeotropic or azeotrope-like compositions of 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne and water, such as from about 1 to about 50 wt. % water and from about 50 to about 99 wt. % 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne, based on the combined weight of the water and 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne, and methods of producing essentially water free 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to the efficient preparation of aromatic hydrocarbons useful as intermediates for di-, tri-, tetra- and poly-dentate organophosphorus ligands having value in particular as hydroformylation catalysts. The use of triarylphosphine halide catalysts have been found to be more efficient in forming these intermediates by the use of excess triarylphosphine in an amount beyond what is required to form a coordination complex.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel aldehyde compounds and a method of improving, enhancing or modifying a fragrance formulation through the addition of an olfactory acceptable amount of the novel aldehyde compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of an optically active carbonyl compound by asymmetric hydrogenation of a prochiral ?,?-unsaturated carbonyl compound with hydrogen in the presence of at least one optically active transition metal catalyst that is soluble in the reaction mixture and which has rhodium as catalytically active transition metal and a chiral, bidentate bisphosphine ligand, wherein the reaction mixture during the hydrogenation of the prochiral ?,?-unsaturated carbonyl compound additionally comprises at least one compound of the general formula (I): in which R1, R2: are identical or different and are C6- to C10-aryl which is unsubstituted or carries one or more, e.g. 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, substituents which are selected from C1- to C6-alkyl, C3- to C6-cycloalkyl, C6- to C10-aryl, C1- to C6-alkoxy and amino; Z is a group CHR3R4 or aryl which is unsubstituted or carries one or more, e.g.

Abstract: A process for producing 2-ethylhexanal involves performing reaction using a reaction tank equipped with a gas-introducing mixer having extracting, exhausting, and stirring functions in the presence of a palladium on carbon catalyst having a carbon carrier with lower impurity content and higher specific surface area for hydrogenation, and introducing hydrogen gas evenly into reaction liquid; resulted in that the process minimizes operational pressure for hydrogenation and increases a yield of 2-ethylhexanal at least up to 98.0%.

Abstract: A process for the production of organic acids having at least three carbon atoms comprises the steps of forming an amount of carbon monoxide and reacting the amount of carbon monoxide with an amount of an unsaturated hydrocarbon. The reaction is preferably carried out in the presence of a supported palladium catalyst, a strong acid, and a phosphine. In some embodiments, the unsaturated hydrocarbon is one of acetylene and methylacetylene, and the organic acid is one of acrylic acid and methyl acrylic acid. The reacting step is preferably performed with carbon monoxide produced from carbon dioxide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I): in which R1 is a hydrogen atom, a phenyl radical, or a straight or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.

Abstract: An alkane-containing stream is reacted to produce an alkene, which is carbonylated to produce an alkyl alkanoate, e.g., methyl propanoate, by a gas phase process comprising the step of contacting under carbonylation conditions the alkene, e.g., ethylene, carbon monoxide, an alkanol, e.g., methanol, and a solid sulfide-based metal catalyst.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds of Formula I, including all stereoisomers and salts thereof, wherein Q1, Q2 and R are as defined in the disclosure. Also disclosed is a method for preparing a compound of Formula I, comprising contacting a compound of Formula II with a compound of Formula III optionally in the presence of a catalyst or a base to form a compound of Formula I. Further disclosed is a method for preparing a compound of Formula IV, comprising reductively cyclizing a compound of Formula I in the presence of a reducing agent.

Abstract: Methods for mechanochemically synthesizing compositions comprising bridged bicyclic-based compounds such as iptycene-based compounds are generally provided. In some cases, two or more polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons may be mechanochemically reacted such that the product comprises the bridged bicyclic-based compound. In some embodiments, the product (e.g., the bridged bicyclic compound) may comprise two or more [2.2.2] bicyclic cores. In certain embodiments, the mechanochemical reactions described herein may produce higher order bridged bicyclic-based compounds such as oligoiptcyenes or poly-iptycenes. In certain embodiments, the bridged bicyclic based compound comprises a molecular cage.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present disclosure provides methods of preparing a primary or secondary amine and hydroxylated aromatic compounds. In some embodiments, the aromatic compound may be unsubstituted, substituted, or contain one or more heteroatoms within the rings of the aromatic compound. The methods described herein may be carried out without the need for transition metal catalysts or harsh reaction conditions.

Abstract: Processes and systems for producing N-vinyl carboxylic acid amides are provided herein. According to some aspects of the present invention, a process for producing an N-vinyl carboxylic acid amide is described that eliminates interim solids handling steps during formation of the intermediate compounds, thereby increasing efficiency and reducing cost. The processes and system described herein may be used for the synthesis of N-vinylformamide and its intermediates, including 1-hydroxyethylformamide and 1-alkoxyethylformamide, or for the synthesis of N-methyl,N-vinylformamide and its intermediates, including N-methyl,1-hydroxyethylformamide and N-methyl,1alkoxyethylformamide.

Abstract: Provided herein are compounds of the formulas: (I) wherein: n, X2, R3, R3?, R4, R4?, R5, R5?, R6, and R6? are as defined herein. Pharmaceutical compositions of the compounds are also provided. In some aspects, these compounds may be used for the treatment of diseases, including diabetic peripheral neuropathy or cancer.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cooling agent composition containing a novel methyl menthol derivative having no undesirable feeling of stimulation, malodor, bitterness, or the like, it being possible to use the cooling agent composition as a cooling agent or sensory stimulation agent having exceptional persistence of a sense of coolness and refreshing feeling. The present invention pertains to a cooling agent composition containing a methyl menthol derivative represented by general formula (1A) or general formula (1B).