Abstract: The invention relates to long chain alcohol, to processes for catalytically producing long chain alcohol from carbon monoxide and molecular hydrogen, to equipment useful in such processes, and to the use of long chain alcohol, e.g., for producing fuel, lubricating oil, detergent, and plasticizer. The catalyst is mesoporous and comprises iron and copper.

Abstract: The invention describes a catalytic composition obtained by interaction of an alkyl titanate on the one hand with a preformed mixture of an alkylaluminium and a Lewis base on the other hand. The invention also describes the use of said composition in a process for the selective dimerization of ethylene to 1-butene.

Abstract: A method for producing a metal nanoparticle complex according to the present invention is a method for producing a metal nanoparticle complex in which metal nanoparticles are supported in pores of a porous body, said method comprising at least: an adsorption step of allowing an organic metal complex to adsorb in pores of a porous body; and a decomposition/reduction step of heating the porous body, which has had the organic metal complex adsorbed in the pores thereof, under a reductive atmosphere to decompose an organic compound in the organic metal complex adsorbed in the pores of the porous body and also reduce a metal cation in the organic metal complex, thereby causing metal nanoparticles to be supported in the pores of the porous body.

Abstract: An anion exchange resin having a hydrophobic unit with divalent hydrophobic groups bonded to each other via an ether bond, the divalent hydrophobic groups being composed of one aromatic ring, or being composed of a plurality of aromatic rings which are bonded to each other via a divalent hydrocarbon group, carbon-carbon bond or the like; and a hydrophilic unit having divalent hydrophilic groups bonded to each other via carbon-carbon bond, the divalent hydrophilic groups being composed of one aromatic ring, or being composed of a plurality of aromatic rings which are bonded to each other via a divalent hydrocarbon group or carbon-carbon bond, the aromatic ring or at least one of the aromatic rings having an anion exchange group are bonded via carbon-carbon bond.

Abstract: A bottom part of a positive-displacement pipetting system), including a body slideably housing a device for gripping a piston belonging to a capillary-piston assembly the capillary of which is adapted to be fitted onto an end-fitting of the body. The system also comprises means for ejecting the capillary-piston assembly arranged externally with respect to the body. The system is constructed so that a relative rotation between the ejection means and the gripping device causes it to pass from an open configuration enabling the piston to be released to a closed configuration enabling said piston to be retained, and/or the reverse.

Abstract: A pipetting system including a positive displacement sampling pipette as well as a capillary-piston assembly, the piston of which has a top end intended to be held by a gripping device equipping the pipette, the device including a plurality of gripping tongs. The system is designed so that, when the capillary is fitted on the pipette tip and the gripping device is remote from the piston upwards, this device can be displaced downwards with its tongs in an open configuration, up to a determined position in which the tongs, arranged around the top end of the piston, automatically switch into a closed configuration in which they provide a holding of the top end of the piston.

Abstract: A top part for a sampling pipette including a hollow outer body forming a handle, a pipetting control stem, a device for adjusting and displaying a volume to be sampled, including a first threaded member for adjusting the volume to be sampled crossed by the control stem, the device also comprising a set of first volume graduations angularly spaced from one another around the longitudinal axis and cooperating with a first mark so as to inform about the volume to be sampled. The first threaded member is rotatably integral with one of both elements formed by the set of first volume graduations and the first mark, the mark being axially arranged between the hollow outer body forming a handle and the control knob.

Abstract: A manual pipette includes a manual volume adjustment having three discreet resolutions. The pipette uses three rotatable step cylinders and one non-rotatable cylinder to set the overall stroke length for the piston. The step cylinders are rotated by manual dials that are accessible on either side of the pipette body. The dial bodies include numerical scales corresponding to the setting of the respective step cylinders.

Abstract: An apparatus including an array of wells including a number of well channels, each well channel including a plurality of wells in the well channel, the wells containing a substance in use, one or more inlets for receiving respective fluids and channels coupled to the one or more inlets for selectively supplying one or more fluids to each well channel to thereby expose the substance to different conditions allowing a response of the substance to the conditions to be determined.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure relate to a capillary fluidic device comprising at least two inlets, a microfluidic channel and an outlet. The device allows for the autonomous and programmable sequential flow of the same or different fluids using capillary fluidics for autonomous pumping of liquids to other downstream fluidic structures. External pumping and valving systems are not required, thus reducing complexity and increasing portability of stand-alone microfluidic systems. Aspects of the present disclosure can be applied to other fluidic structures for performing analytical biological assays. The integration has at least one reaction chamber and at least one capillary pump. The device is integrated with at least one sensor for detection and quantification of the biological assay signals.

Abstract: A portable, disposable in-vitro diagnostic apparatus and method of performing a point-of-care invitro-diagnostic test is provided. The method includes disposing a specimen to be analyzed in a disposable diagnostic apparatus. Then, channeling a first fluid through a first channel into a first chamber and causing an actuator member to expand upon contact with the fluid from a compressed, deactivated state to an expanded, activated state, thereby causing a second fluid to be pumped outwardly from the first chamber under bias of the actuator to a second chamber for analysis.

Abstract: A microfluidic system includes a magnetic source (150) and two chambers (110) that are connected by a channel. The chambers and the channel are filled with different fluids such that a non-zero surface tension is created at the associated fluidic interfaces. Moreover, the magnetic source (150) is arranged to provide at least two separate magnetic gradient regions (GR) and to allow for the attraction of magnetic particles (MP) present in one of the chambers into these different regions. The magnetic forces (F) generated by at least one of the gradient regions (GR) is strong enough to allow for pushing or pulling magnetic particles through the fluidic interfaces. The magnetic source may be realized by a permanent magnet (150) of hexahedral shape. A method achieves dispersion and re-accumulation of an ensemble of magnetic particles in the microfluidic system.

Abstract: A meniscus reducing member for use in a vessel for containing a liquid may include a physical surface feature overlying at least a portion of an interior surface of the vessel. The physical surface feature may have first and second inner surfaces that are generally parallel and at least a third surface extending between the first and second surfaces. The first inner surface, second inner surface and third surfaces may be configured to physically alter a receding contact angle between the liquid and the physical surface feature. A coating material may be applied to at least one of the surfaces of the physical surface feature to chemically alter the receding contact angle between the liquid and the coated surface whereby the receding contact angle formed between the liquid and the meniscus reducing member is between about 75 degrees and 110 degrees.

Abstract: Kits, methods and systems for providing a service to provide a subject with information regarding the state of a subject's DNA damage. Collection, processing and analysis of samples are also described.

Abstract: A multiwell assembly includes a microplate and a cover. The microplate includes a set of wells. Each well defines an opening. The cover includes a body and a shutter. The body of the cover is disposed over the microplate. The shutter is mounted to the body such that the shutter is movable over a range of travel between a first position, in which the shutter occludes the openings of the set of wells, and a second position, in which the shutter is in offset relationship to the openings of the set of wells to permit access to the set of wells through the respective openings.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a housing, a reaction vial and a transfer mechanism. The housing defines a first flow path and a second flow path. The housing has transfer port defining an opening in fluid communication with the second flow path and a volume outside of the housing. The transfer port includes a flow control member to limit flow through the opening. The reaction vial is coupled to the housing and defines a reaction volume, which is in fluid communication with the transfer port via the second flow path. The transfer mechanism is configured to transfer a sample from an isolation chamber of an isolation module to the reaction chamber via at least the first flow path when the transfer mechanism is actuated. The transfer mechanism configured to produce a vacuum in the reaction vial to produce a flow of a sample from the isolation chamber to the reaction volume.

Abstract: A support apparatus for a filter membrane comprises a base support and a disc-shaped porous support member. The member is removably received in a seat portion of the base support in fluid communication with a drain. A bottom side of the disc-shaped porous support member is supported in a support plane. The bottom side of the member is unsupported in an area and the unsupported area is adjacent to a space in the seat portion of the base support that is located and dimensioned such that application of a force, onto the top side of the member at a location substantially within the boundaries of the unsupported area at the bottom side will cause the member to pivot/tilt into the space and lift above the support plane at a diagonally opposite side from the location where the force is applied so that it can be easily grasped and removed.

Abstract: A garbage disposal cleaning system includes a garbage disposal that may be fluidly coupled to a drain on a sink. A scrubbing unit is removably positioned within the garbage disposal. The scrubbing unit frictionally engages the garbage disposal. The scrubbing unit contains and releases a detergent. The scrubbing unit cleans the garbage disposal when the garbage disposal is turned on. Thus, the scrubbing unit may reduce an odor relating to bacterial decay in the garbage disposal.

Abstract: A fragmenter provides fragmentation of frangible blast media entrained in a subsonic flow. The flow is converged prior to reaching a fragmenting element, and the convergence may be followed by a constant cross-section area section. Immediately upstream and downstream of the fragmenting element may be an expansion area to reduce the potential of water ice buildup.

Abstract: Magnetic filter systems may be constructed with various arrangements of permanent magnets, including but not limited to checkerboard and spiral arrangements. When coupled to a conventional filter, exemplary magnetic filter systems capture ferrous particulates against the outer wall of the conventional filter by magnetic attraction, thereby reducing the number of particulates in a fluid stream and improving the quality of the filtered fluid.

Abstract: The present invention is an air purification method and device. Due to the lower airflow resistance that the present invention induces, an exhaust fan or blower with motor of lower torque is adopted. Consequently, the whole air purification is operated at a lower noise level. Lower operational voltage is applicable for the high-voltage electrostatic precipitator device and provides a similar or superior performance and effectiveness for dust removal. The air purification device/system is designed with higher flexibility and of more compact in dimension and size. Dust is removed from the environment by a high voltage electrostatic precipitator. The airflow stream within a high-voltage electrostatic precipitator is such that the direction of the path of the airflow is changed at least twice.

Abstract: A collection apparatus for a separator. The collection apparatus including a housing at least partially encircling a flow separation passage and defining a chamber and a cutout, the chamber being in fluid communication with the flow separation passage to receive a separated flow therefrom, and the cutout extending outward from the chamber to at least partially deflect the separated flow.

Abstract: A decanter centrifuge includes a rotatable bowl extending along a centrifuge axis of rotation, and a rotatable scroll conveyor with hub mounted coaxially within the bowl. A feed pipe passes centrally within the hub and leads into a feed chamber within the hub. A plurality of circumferentially spaced apart nozzles extend radially outward from a round internal wall of the feed chamber to the outside surface of the hub and extend radially inward beyond the internal wall of the feed chamber. A plurality of discrete accelerator inserts are mounted on the internal wall of the feed chamber, wherein each insert is adjacently mounted between two nozzles and each nozzle is circumferentially fixed by abutment with the radially inward extensions of two of the spaced apart nozzles.

Abstract: A system for automatically processing a biological specimen is provided that includes an elevator comprising a plurality of shelves configured to receive a plurality of sample trays. The trays may comprise a plurality of sample containers containing a sample and having a plurality of respective caps engaged therewith. The trays may further include a plurality of centrifuge tube racks each containing a plurality of centrifuge tubes. The system may include a first transport mechanism, a second transport mechanism and a third transport mechanism. The system may include a chain-of-custody device configured to read identifiers on each of the containers. The system may also include a pipetting device configured to remove a portion from the sample containers and dispense the sample into the centrifuge tubes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a centrifuge basket for a screen centrifuge, in particular a screen helical-conveyor, a push-type or vibrating screen centrifuge, with an outer conical supporting basket (10, 20) and screen segments (12, 22, 32) enclosed in the supporting basket (10, 20), the supporting basket (10, 20) on its rear edge having an annular groove (17) into which the screen segments (12, 22, 32) are positively inserted, the screen segments (12, 22, 32) on their side facing the supporting basket (10, 20) having at least one clip (13, 23, 33) which is transversed by at least one screw (15, 25) and by means of which the screen segments (12, 22, 32) are detachably fixed on the front edge of the supporting basket (10, 20).

Abstract: A centrifugal separator includes a frame and a rotating part including a spindle and a centrifuge rotor enclosing a separation space. An inlet channel provides fluid communication into the separation space and includes a rotary channel part, a frame channel part, and a first seal at the interface between the rotary and frame channel parts. An outlet channel provides fluid communication out from the separation space and includes a rotary channel part, a frame channel part, and a second seal at the interface between the rotary and frame channel parts. The inlet and outlet channels are arranged concentrically with each other. A forcing device is provided to generate a leak flow through one of the first and second seals in a first direction from the outlet channel to the inlet channel and to counteract leakage in the opposite direction.

Abstract: A magnetic separator for a central heating system comprises a housing, a separation chamber within the housing, and inlet and outlet ports extending from the housing. The inlet and outlet ports include push-fit connectors having collets surrounding the mouth of each of the inlet and outlet for releasing the connectors. The magnetic separator also has a release tool. The release tool has first and second bearing areas for bearing against the collets of the inlet and outlet connectors, and a handle region for enabling force to be applied, via the bearing areas, to both connectors simultaneously.

Abstract: Apparati for generating a mist are disclosed. One apparatus is disclosed, which has an elongate hollow body (12) and an elongate member (14) located within the body (12). A transport fluid passage (16) and a nozzle (32) are defined between the body (12) and the elongate member (14). The transport fluid passage (16) has a throat portion of reduced cross-sectional area and is in fluid communication with the nozzle (32). The elongate member (14) includes a working fluid passage (26) and one or more communicating openings, such as for example, bores, annuli, and combinations thereof, (30) extending radially outward from the working fluid passage (26). The openings (30) permit a working fluid (e.g. water) to be passed into the transport fluid passage (16), whereupon the working fluid is subjected to shear forces by a high velocity transport fluid (e.g. steam). The shearing of the working fluid results in the generation of a mist formed from droplets of substantially uniform size.

Abstract: A rotating high pressure air and water nozzle is disclosed. The nozzle includes a head adapted to rotate, a housing adapted to secure the head therein, and a plurality of passageways disposed through the head. In addition, the nozzle includes a supply port disposed at a first end of each of the passageways, where each supply port has a funnel shape adapted to direct fluid into each passageway to reduce hydraulic losses, and a discharge port disposed at an opposing end of each of the passageways adapted to discharge a jet of fluid. Each discharge port is offset from the respective supply port to cause the head to rotate when fluid flows through the passageways.

Abstract: The invention relates to a spray device having a fluid outlet structure that forms a spray jet, said fluid outlet structure having a plurality of jet outlet units of which at least two are configured as multi-duct jet outlet units having in each case at least one first outlet duct and at least one second outlet duct fluidically separated from the first. Moreover, the spray device has a fluid guide which is designed to conduct a fluid supplied to the spray device selectively to the first outlet ducts or to the second outlet ducts. According to the invention, a minimum spacing (A12) between the outlet ducts of each particular multi-duct jet outlet unit (2) is smaller than a minimum spacing between the outlet ducts of in each case two multi-duct jet outlet units, and/or in at least one multi-duct jet outlet unit, a second outlet duct or a group of a plurality of second outlet ducts is arranged so as to surround a first outlet duct at least around a part of its circumference.

Abstract: One variation of a showerhead includes: a body defining a fluid circuit, a first region on a ventral side of the body, and a second region adjacent the first region on the ventral side of the body; a set of hollow cone nozzles distributed within the first region, fluidly coupled to the fluid circuit, and discharging sprays of fluid droplets within a first size range; a set of flat fan nozzles arranged within the second region, fluidly coupled to the fluid circuit, and discharging sprays of fluid droplets within a second size range; and a set of orifices fluidly coupled to the fluid circuit and discharging fluid drops between sprays discharged from the set of hollow cone nozzles and sprays discharged from the flat fan nozzles, fluid drops discharged from the set of orifices within a third size range exceeding the first size range and the second size range.

Abstract: A nozzle comprises: a housing element, a chamber being defined inside the housing element for containing a fluid; a rotor extending along a longitudinal axis, the rotor being arranged inside the housing element so that the longitudinal axis of the rotor is tilted relative to an axis of the housing element, the rotor having a conduit through which the fluid contained in the chamber can flow out of the nozzle. The rotor is rotatably derivable about the axis of the housing element, so that the longitudinal axis of the rotor moves along a conical surface. The nozzle further comprises an anti-drip device for selectively closing the conduit of the rotor, so that the fluid contained in the chamber is prevented from exiting through the conduit when the nozzle is inactive.

Abstract: A method and system for the spray application of epoxy materials is provided. The system includes a dual walled tank structure as a reservoir for containing and preheating the epoxy materials in preparation for mixing and spray application. Each component of the epoxy material is preheated before the components are mixed. After preheating, the components are then mixed together and spray applied. The method and system of the present invention provides a high quality spray applied epoxy coating while reducing equipment down time and cleaning.

Abstract: The disclosure includes a system comprising a first chamber having pressurized gas, a compressor connected to the first chamber (which may be a bladder), and a second chamber connected to the first chamber. The second chamber includes contents. The system also includes an exit from the second chamber. The pressurized gas from the first chamber travels into the second chamber to force the contents out of the exit of the second chamber. The compressor increases the pressure of the gas in the first chamber.

Abstract: A module for dispensing a product intended to be mounted on a conduit (4) for pressurized supply of the product. The module has a path (2) for retrieving the product from a supply passage (5) which is intended to be in communication with the conduit to a passage (3) for discharging the product for the dispensing thereof. The retrieval path having at least one downstream conduit that opens into the discharge passage (3) and at least one upstream conduit that is in communication with the supply passage (5). The upstream and downstream conduits having a U-shaped junction that is designed to place the conduits in communication. At least one of the conduits being delimited by at least one wall that is capable of providing a microbiocidal action on the product contained in the conduit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to fluid dispensing devices for use in dispensing different liquids (e.g., bleach and bleach activator) from a bottle having first and second compartments. To minimize the presence of mixed composition residually present within the fluid dispensing device, it may be helpful to delay mixing. Separate dip tubes may be provided to pull liquid from the separate compartments, each with its own separate pump. Each pump may deliver the separate compositions to a spray nozzle of the device through separate delivery tubes (e.g., from the pumps to the nozzle). In other embodiments, a single delivery tube, and/or a single pump may be provided, e.g., where the volume of mixed composition that may be present in such pump and/or delivery tube may be sufficiently small so as to still provide overall desired efficacy characteristics. Dual delivery tube configurations may eliminate any need to prime the device by spraying out old, residual mixed composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to fluid dispensing devices for use in dispensing different liquids (e.g., bleach and bleach activator) from a bottle having first and second compartments. To minimize the presence of mixed composition residually present within the fluid dispensing device, it may be helpful to delay mixing. Separate dip tubes may be provided to pull liquid from the separate compartments, each with its own separate pump. Each pump may deliver the separate compositions to a spray nozzle of the device through separate delivery tubes (e.g., from the pumps to the nozzle). In other embodiments, a single delivery tube, and/or a single pump may be provided, e.g., where the volume of mixed composition that may be present in such pump and/or delivery tube may be sufficiently small so as to still provide overall desired efficacy characteristics. Dual delivery tube configurations may eliminate any need to prime the device by spraying out old, residual mixed composition.

Abstract: A system is disclosed for determining process parameters for the spray application of viscous fluids, which can include an application system, which can be actuated by predefining input parameters, for a viscous fluid having at least the components of metering device, fluid valve and application nozzle. The dynamic behavior of the application system can be dependent, with respect to the volume flow profile of the viscous fluid during the application, and also on predefinable control process parameters. Methods are disclosed for determining and applying process parameters for the spray application of viscous fluids with a system, and for controlling the spray application of an application system, which can be actuated by predefining input parameters, for a viscous fluid.

Abstract: A robot tool for dispensing an anticorrosion wax including a nozzle unit for delivering non-atomized wax as a thin jet and wax atomized with compressed air as a spray cone. The nozzle unit is connected to a supply duct for compressed air and to a supply duct for wax, and has an internal nozzle for producing the jet and an external nozzle for producing the spray cone. An atomizing chamber is between the internal nozzle and the external nozzle, wherein the supply duct opens into the atomizing chamber. The internal nozzle is flush with the external nozzle such that, when the atomizing chamber is not supplied with compressed air, wax which exits as the jet may be delivered through the atomizing chamber and through the external nozzle. The atomizing chamber when supplied with compressed air is configured for atomizing the jet exiting from the internal nozzle by the compressed air.

Abstract: Coat-in-place assemblies and methods to provide an aesthetically pleasing sprinkler assembly. A coat-in-place assembly includes a sprinkler body having a proximal portion and a distal portion, a thermally responsive trigger disposed adjacent the distal portion; and an escutcheon centered about the distal portion of the sprinkler body to define a void between the sprinkler axis and the escutcheon. A coating-inhibiting-cap encloses and protects the thermally responsive trigger between the sprinkler body and the cap. The cap extends into the void and is radially spaced inward relative to the escutcheon so as expose surfaces of the escutcheon for coating.

Abstract: A mask for depositing a thin film and a thin film deposition method using the same are disclosed. The mask includes pattern bars disposed on a frame. The pattern bars are moveable and are position to form a deposition pattern. The mask includes a pattern modification mechanism configured to move the pattern bars to a plurality of positions to modify the deposition pattern.

Abstract: A method for quickly replacing an air outlet pipe of an air blow gun includes providing a gun body, a C-shaped clamping ring, a rotation knob and a nozzle head, and rotating the rotation knob to rotate the clamping ring, moving the oblique guide faces of each of the clamping jaws of the clamping ring to touch the resting portions of each of the arcuate slots of the mounting head of the gun body, pressing outward each of the clamping jaws of the clamping ring, releasing the clamping jaws of the clamping ring from the locking groove of the nozzle head, detaching the nozzle head from the clamping ring, and detaching the nozzle head from the mounting head of the gun body. Thus, the nozzle head is detached from the gun body quickly.

Abstract: A coating apparatus includes: a nozzle having a nozzle front end configured to spray a coating solution and a head configured to store the coating solution; a movement axis configured to cause the nozzle to move back and forth in a straight line; a rotating connection member configured to connect the movement axis with the nozzle and allow the nozzle to rotate; a stage disposed under the movement axis; and a cleaning means disposed at an end of the movement axis, and having a nozzle front end insertion unit in a concave shape of the nozzle front end and a base fixing the insertion unit, wherein the nozzle is fixed in a normal direction of a surface of the stage by the movement axis, moves back and forth in an extension direction of the movement axis, and rotates with respect to the movement axis.

Abstract: A multiple degrees of freedom control apparatus for a roll-to-roll printing system.

Abstract: A liquid compound dispensing apparatus for dispensing a controlled amount of liquid compound onto a workpiece is described. The apparatus comprises a cartridge system. The cartridge system may accept a liquid compound cartridge containing liquid compound. The apparatus also comprises a plate, having a threaded bore, positioned above the cartridge system that is movable in a first and second direction, at least one plunger attached to the plate at a first end and attached to a piston at a second end. The piston is dimensioned to move within the liquid compound cartridge to displace liquid compound when the plate is moved in the second direction. A driving mechanism moves the plate in the first and the second directions to dispense product and comprises a motor, a threaded rod disposed through the threaded bore of the plate that is driven by a driving belt attached to the motor.

Abstract: A mask assembly includes a frame with an opening, at least one support stick in the frame and extending in a first direction to traverse the opening of the frame, the support stick including a communication pattern above the opening of the frame, and a mask positioned on the frame and the at least one support stick, the mask extending in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction to traverse the opening of the frame, and the mask being exposed to the opening of the frame through the communication pattern.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for printing a wood material board, in particular a wood fiber material board, by means of a digital printing process. The method includes the steps of (a) printing at least one side of a wood material board by means of digital printing technology, forming a decorative layer; (b) applying a protective layer containing at least one resin, at least one radiation-curable varnish and/or at least one polyurethane to the decorative layer of the wood material board; and (c) pre-drying and/or pre-gelling the protective layer applied to the decorative layer of the wood material board.

Abstract: A method of lining an interior wall of a pipe is provided. Casting equipment such as a spin caster is used to centrifugally cast material onto the interior wall while the pipe is partially filled with liquid so as to form a coating on the wall above the liquid. In some embodiments the method further comprises diverting liquid from the pipe after the casting step, and then lining the wall of the pipe below the coating with material to form a continuous lining on the wall.

Abstract: A coating method for forming a laminated coating film including: preparing a thermosetting coating material as a lower layer-coating material, an intermediate layer-coating material, and as an upper layer-coating material; forming an uncured laminated coating film by applying the lower layer-coating, the intermediate layer-coating, and the upper layer-coating materials on the base material using a wet-on-wet technique; and simultaneously curing the lower layer-coating, the intermediate layer-coating, and upper layer-coating materials by baking the uncured laminated coating film.

Abstract: An ultrasonic transmitter includes a piezoelectric integrated thin film transistor (PITFT). The transistor includes a top gate electrode, a bottom gate electrode, and a piezoelectric layer. The piezoelectric layer generates vibrations in response to a voltage applied across the top gate electrode and the bottom gate electrode. The transistor includes micro-electrical-mechanical systems (MEMS) mechanically coupled to the PITFT. The MEMS includes a resonator that transmits ultrasonic pressure waves based on the vibrations.