Abstract: A camera module includes a substrate having a first main surface mounted with an image sensor, a second main surface on the reverse side of the substrate from the first main surface in the predetermined direction, and is provided with at least one hole extending from the first main surface in the predetermined direction. The camera module further includes a holder which has a boss inserted from the first main surface into the at least one hole, and holds at least one lens. The camera module further includes a fixing part made of adhesive that is cured into an anchor shape. The fixing part fixes the boss inside the at least one hole.

Abstract: The film cover constituting the instant film pack includes a cover member, a pair of accompanying prevention ribs, a pair of outer light shielding ribs, and a pair of inner light shielding ribs. The accompanying prevention ribs are arranged in parallel with a discharge direction from a distal end of the film cover in the discharge direction. Similarly to the accompanying prevention ribs, since the outer light shielding ribs are formed on a front surface of the cover member, the outer light shielding ribs together with the accompanying prevention ribs can prevent the film unit from accompanying. A tilt surface of which a protruding height gradually decreases toward a distal end from a proximal end of the cover member is formed on the accompanying prevention rib.

Abstract: A case that accommodates a film unit and a film cover includes a pair of light shielding grooves formed in both sides of an exposure opening and an inner wall surface facing the film cover. The film cover includes outer light shielding ribs as a pair of light shielding ribs inserted into a pair of light shielding grooves. A transport roller pair that transports the film unit or the film cover discharged from the case includes a capstan roller including a pair of roller members and a rotational shaft which holds the roller members. A first distance which is a space between inner edges of the pair of roller members is greater than a second distance which is a space between outer edges of the pair of outer light shielding ribs.

Abstract: An exemplary embodiment provides a camera probe having an elongated housing provided with an external wall made of heat-resistant material enclosing an internal space. The housing has a forward opening covered by a window of heat-resistant radiation-transparent material and a position within the internal space for mounting a camera positioned to receive radiation from the window. At least one cooling channel is provided within or adjacent to the external wall, at least over a part of the external wall exposed to elevated temperatures during use of the probe. At least one gas exit port is provided adjacent the window and is oriented to cause gas leaving the gas exit port to sweep over an external surface of the window to keep it cool and free of debris.

Abstract: Apparatus for astrophotography comprising an acquisition device configured to acquire astrophotographs, a support element, a movement device configured to move the acquisition device, and a control and command unit, and one structural element. The structural element is of the universal type and is configured to connect the control and command unit and at least one of either the acquisition device or the movement device.

Abstract: A light source unit according to an embodiment comprises: a support member that supports a heat generator, a heat transfer member connected to the support member, and a heat dissipating member connected to the heat transfer member all of which are provided inside a space formed by a case and a cover. The heat dissipating member is arranged to extend from the inside of the space to an outside of the space via a space sandwiched by the case and the cover.

Abstract: A projection apparatus includes a housing and at least one thermal transfer module. The housing includes at least one air inlet and at least one air outlet. The thermal transfer module includes a flow-guiding structure, at least one fan, and at least one heat source. The flow-guiding structure is configured in the housing, and connected between the air inlet and the air outlet to form a flow channel. The fan is configured in the flow channel. The heat source is configured in the flow channel, and is at least partially located between the fan and air outlet. The invention further relates to a thermal transfer module. A thermal transfer module is also provided. The projection apparatus and the thermal transfer module can lower noise generated by a fan, and have good heat dissipation efficiency.

Abstract: A laser light source for projector includes a laser light source module, first and second light receiving modules, a phosphor wheel, and a light combining module. The phosphor wheel has a first and a second side. The phosphor wheel receives the laser and converts the laser into first and second fluorescent light. The phosphor wheel receives the laser at a first side and emits the first fluorescent light. The phosphor wheel emits the second fluorescent light at a second side. After the first fluorescent light and the second fluorescent light passes through the first and second light receiving modules, at least one of the directions of optical axes of the first and second fluorescent light is changed. The light combining module receives the first and second fluorescent lights and emits a combined light.

Abstract: A wavelength conversion device according to the invention includes a wavelength conversion layer having a plurality of pores, and excited by light in a first wavelength band to thereby generate light in a second wavelength band different from the first wavelength band, a transparent member adapted to fill in a recessed section occurring on a surface of the wavelength conversion layer due to the pore, a reflecting member formed on the surface of the wavelength conversion layer and a surface of the transparent member, and a base member disposed on an opposite side to the wavelength conversion layer of the reflecting member.

Abstract: A light source device of the invention includes an excitation light source, a wavelength conversion layer having a light incident surface and a light exiting surface, a reflection member, and a pickup system, wherein the light exiting surface at least has a first light exiting surface with a tilt with respect to an optical axis of the pickup system and a second light exiting surface with a tilt with respect to the first light exiting surface, the reflection member has a reflection surface along the optical axis of the pickup system and an end portion on the pickup system side extends closer to the pickup system than the light exiting surface, and a focal point of the pickup system is formed on a plane crossing the optical axis of the pickup system and containing the end portion of the reflection member.

Abstract: An illuminating unit of the disclosure includes a light source, a plurality of optical members for illumination that guide light from the light source to a predetermined optical path, and a polarization split element that transfers, to a predetermined illuminating position, a first polarized component included in the light guided to the predetermined optical path. One or more of the plurality of optical members for illumination have optical properties, for the light at a predetermined wavelength band outputted from the light source, of guiding the first polarized component to the predetermined optical path, and guiding a second polarized component that is different from the first polarized component toward a direction deviated from the predetermined optical path.

Abstract: A light source system and a projection system, comprising: a first laser array (10) for generating red laser; a second laser array (20) for generating blue laser; a beam-splitting diaphragm (60) located in a light path of the first laser array (10) and the second laser array (20), for directing at least a part of the red laser and at least a part of the blue laser to a wavelength conversion device (80); the beam-splitting diaphragm (60) also being used for directing at least a part of the blue laser to an astigmatism device (90); the wavelength conversion device (80) being provided with a wavelength conversion material for receiving the blue laser and producing stimulated light, and for receiving and scattering the red laser to form first red light; the astigmatism device (90) being provided with a scattering material for scattering the blue laser to form blue light; and a light synthesis device for forming synthetic light from the stimulated light, the first red light and the blue light.

Abstract: Screen vibration systems are provided that can vibrate theatre screens using acoustical, electromagnetic, or another type of energy while reducing the presence of image artifacts that may otherwise be visible as result of vibrating the screen. In one example of a screen vibration system, the system includes a screen, a permanent magnet mounted to the screen, and a magnetic source positioned with respect to the permanent magnet and uncoupled from the screen. The screen is moveable in response to a changing magnetic field from the magnetic source.

Abstract: This application provides an image processing method and an electronic device. The method includes: obtaining a first image and a second image that are acquired at a same acquisition moment, where the first image is obtained by using a first photographing unit to acquire an image in a first acquisition region, and the second image is obtained by using a second photographing unit to acquire an image in a second acquisition region, where a parameter of the first photographing unit and a parameter of the second photographing unit are the same, and there is an overlapping acquisition region between the first acquisition region and the second acquisition region; and determining, according to the first image and the second image, whether the first photographing unit and the second photographing unit are normal.

Abstract: A spacer manufacturing device is disclosed. The device includes a photo mask having a central light-transmitting region and a peripheral light-transmitting region disposed at a periphery of the central light-transmitting region; and an exposure device right opposite to the photo mask. Light emitted from the exposure device is irradiated to a negative photoresist material after passing through the photo mask, the light intensity passing through the peripheral light-transmitting region is less than the light intensity passing through the central light-transmitting region. A spacer is also disclosed. Only one exposure process is required to realize the spacer having a convex-shaped cross section. The process is simple and the manufacturing cost is low. At the same time, flatness of the convex shoulder of the spacer having a convex-shaped cross section is adjustable, which can satisfy the requirement for manufacturing spacers having different specifications.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a device including a substrate and a second film disposed above the substrate includes: forming a first film above the substrate using a composition containing a polymerizable monomer and an oxidation inhibitor; and forming the second film by curing the first film in a state where at least one part of a mold having a convexo-concave pattern is in contact with the first film, or after at least one part of the mold is brought into contact with the first film. The oxidation inhibitor is at least one of a hindered amine compound and a hindered phenol compound having a molecular weight of 700 or more. The composition satisfies a relationship of (t0(T)-tx(T))/t0(T)×100?13.0. (t0(T) is a height of a convex part of cured film obtained by the specific method, and tx(T) is the corresponding height after heating at 260° C.

Abstract: A semi-submersible microscope objective includes a microscope objective having a protective barrel with an optical inlet and optical outlet, and a protective element affixed to the microscope objective, sealing the optical exit but not the optical inlet. A transparent portion of the protective element is aligned with the optical exit. The protective element is separable from the microscope objective without damaging the microscope objective. Use of the semi-submersible microscope objective in a multiphoton imaging method is also disclosed.

Abstract: Provided are a photosensitive resin composition including (A) a binder resin, the binder resin including a polymer that includes a structural unit represented by Chemical Formula 1; (B) a black colorant; (C) a photopolymerizable monomer; and (D) a photopolymerization initiator a black pixel defining layer manufactured using the same, and a display device including the black pixel defining layer, wherein, in Chemical Formula 1, each substituent is the same as defined in the detailed description.

Abstract: Problem to be Solved Provided is an agent for resist hydrophilization treatment that can hydrophilize a surface of a resist coating rapidly and stably while inhibiting deterioration of the resist coating. Solution An agent for resist hydrophilization treatment of the present invention comprises at least following components (A) and (B): component (A): a polyglycerol or a derivative thereof represented by following formula (a): RaO—(C3H6O2)n—H??(a) wherein Ra represents a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms optionally having a hydroxyl group, or an acyl group having 2 to 24 carbon atoms; and n represents an average polymerization degree of glycerol units shown in the parentheses, and is an integer from 2 to 60; component (B): water.

Abstract: A pattern article comprising a copolymer having polymerized units derived from a cleavable crosslinking monomer, to which a pattern is imparted by the release of incipient acid from a thermal acid generator or photoacid generator. The selective release of the acid provides a pattern of high crosslink density and low crosslink density as result of the incipient acid cleaving a portion of the crosslinks.

Abstract: A resist patterning method according to the present invention includes: a resist layer forming step S101 of forming a resist layer (12) on a substrate (11); an activating step S103 of activating the resist layer by irradiation with an activating energy beam; a decay inhibiting step S105 of inhibiting decay of the activity of the resist layer; a latent pattern image forming step S107 of forming a latent pattern image in the activated resist layer by irradiation with a latent image forming energy beam; and a developing step S110 of developing the resist layer.

Abstract: There are provided a developer spreading device, a printer, and a digital camera with a printer which are capable of equally spreading a developer in a width direction of a film unit. The developer spreading device includes a transport roller pair, a spreading roller pair, and a spreading control member. The spreading roller pair transports a film unit transported by the transport roller pair while pinching the film unit over the entire width. The spreading control member is provided between the transport roller pair and the spreading roller pair. A distal end of the spreading control member is formed in a convex shape of which a center portion protrudes toward the film unit on a cross-section of the film unit in a width direction. Thus, it is possible to press the film unit with an equal pressing force in the width direction of the film unit.

Abstract: Disclosed is a substrate treating method for performing a heat treatment of a substrate having a treated film formed thereon in a heat treating space of a heat treating chamber. The method includes an exhaust step of exhausting gas within the heat treating space formed by a cover enclosing surroundings of a heat treating plate; an inert gas supply step of supplying inert gas from an upper portion of the heat treating space into the heat treating space and supplying inert gas into a gap between an outer peripheral surface of the heat treating plate and an inner wall of the cover; and a heat treating step of performing the heat treatment of the substrate in the heat treating space. The heat treating step is performed after the exhaust step and the inert gas supply step.

Abstract: Disclosed is a substrate treating method for treating a substrate with a directed self-assembly material applied thereto. The substrate treating method includes a heating step and a cooling step. The heating step includes heating the substrate to perform phase separation of the directed self-assembly material by maintaining an interior of a treatment container in a non-oxidizing gas atmosphere and placing the substrate at a heating position. The cooling step includes cooling the substrate by maintaining the interior of the treatment container in the non-oxidizing gas atmosphere, placing the substrate at a cooling position further away from the heating unit than the heating position, supplying non-oxidizing gas into the treatment container, and exhausting gas within the treatment container.

Abstract: A model-based tuning method for tuning a first lithography system utilizing a reference lithography system, each of which has tunable parameters for controlling imaging performance. The method includes the steps of defining a test pattern and an imaging model; imaging the test pattern utilizing the reference lithography system and measuring the imaging results; imaging the test pattern utilizing the first lithography system and measuring the imaging results; calibrating the imaging model utilizing the imaging results corresponding to the reference lithography system, where the calibrated imaging model has a first set of parameter values; tuning the calibrated imaging model utilizing the imaging results corresponding to the first lithography system, where the tuned calibrated model has a second set of parameter values; and adjusting the parameters of the first lithography system based on a difference between the first set of parameter values and the second set of parameter values.

Abstract: A support apparatus configured to support an object, the support apparatus includes a support body including an object holder to hold an object; an opening in the support body adjacent to an edge of the object holder; a channel in fluid communication with the opening via each of a plurality of passageways in the support body; and a passageway liner mounted in at least one of the plurality of passageways, the passageway liner being thermally insulating to substantially thermally decouple the support body from fluid in the at least one of the plurality of passageways.

Abstract: A liquid immersion lithography apparatus and method expose a substrate with an optical beam via an optical assembly and liquid by (i) arranging a stage opposite to the optical assembly such that the liquid is maintained in a local space under the optical assembly, the stage having an upper surface and a surface of a pad member and being configured to support the substrate within the upper surface; and (ii) moving the upper surface and the surface of the pad member in a movement relative to the optical assembly in a state in which the upper surface and the surface of the pad member are adjacent to and substantially coplanar with each other so that the surface of the pad member is arranged opposite to the optical assembly in place of the upper surface while the liquid is maintained in the local space under the optical assembly.

Abstract: Fringe-projection autofocus system devoid of a reference mirror. Contributions to error in determination of a target surface profile caused by air non-uniformities are measured based on multiple measurements of the target surface performed at different wavelengths, and/or angles of incidence, and/or grating pitches and subtracted from the measured profile, rendering the system substantially insensitive to presence of air turbulence. Same optical beams forming a fringe irradiance pattern on target surface are used for measurement of the surface profile and reduction of measurement error by the amount attributed to air turbulence.

Abstract: An initialization method including estimating a characteristic of a property of an object based on a plurality of measurements by the sensor of the property using a respective plurality of different measurement parameters, different ones of the measurements using different measurement parameters, the characteristic including a combination of respective outcomes of respective ones of the measurements weighted by a respective weighting coefficient; performing, for each of a plurality of models of the object, each model configured to enable respective simulation of the performing of the measurements, a respective simulation, the respective simulation including simulating the measurements under control of a respective plurality of different simulation parameters to obtain a respective plurality of simulated characteristics of the property, the different simulation parameters being indicative of the different measurement parameters; determining, for each of the models, a respective bias representative of a respect

Abstract: A method of producing a toner including the steps of: mixing resin fine particles, an organic solvent, and a resin R with a dispersion medium containing carbon dioxide, to prepare a dispersion of resin R-containing droplets; and removing the organic solvent by flowing carbon dioxide, wherein the resin fine particles contain one or more resins that have a partial structure A, B, and C, and are soluble in chloroform; the SP value of the partial structure A, the resin R, and the partial structure B satisfy particular relationships; a resin A constituted of the partial structure A and a resin B constituted of the partial structure B are soluble in the organic solvent; and a resin C constituted of the partial structure C is insoluble in the organic solvent.

Abstract: A toner including polyester, wherein an amount of heat of a peak derived from the polyester in a range of from 40° C. through 70° C. during a cooling process is from 1.0 J/g through 15 J/g in differential scanning calorimetry performed under conditions below, <measuring conditions> after maintaining the toner at ?20° C., heating the toner to 130° C. at 10° C./min (a first heating process), after maintaining the toner at 130° C. for 1 minute, cooling the toner to ?50° C. at cooling speed of 10° C./min (the cooling process), and after maintaining the toner at ?50° C. for 5 minutes, heating the toner to 130° C. at 10° C./min (a second heating process).

Abstract: Provided is a magnetic carrier comprising a magnetic carrier particle having a magnetic body-dispersed resin carrier core material and a resin coating layer; the core material includes magnetic particles A and B having number average primary particle diameter of ra and rb (?m), respectively, satisfying ra?rb; the particles A each include an oxide of at least one nonferrous metal of Mn, Al, Mg, Ti, and Ni; and an iron oxide; M1 represents total content of the nonferrous metal and F1 represents content of an iron of the magnetic carrier particle measured by XRF diffraction, M1/F1 is 0.010 to 0.100; M2 represents total content of the nonferrous metal and F2 represents content of an iron is F2 of the magnetic carrier particle measured by XPS, M2/F2 is 1.0 to 10.0.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an electrophotographic composition. The composition comprises composite particles comprising particles of wax dispersed in a matrix comprising an olefin polymer having acid and/or ester side groups. The wax has a melting point of at least 130 degrees C.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus provided with a transfer device includes a separator, a post-transfer-residual-quantity acquirer, and a controller. The transfer device transfers an image formed on an image carrier to a transfer medium. The separator is arranged at downstream side from a transfer device in a conveying direction, is provided with a separation claw which contacts with the image carrier and separates the transfer medium from the image carrier, and performs contact/separate operation of the separation claw with/from the image carrier. The post-transfer-residual-quantity acquirer acquires post-transfer residual quantity in a region determined on a basis of a position of the separation claw in an axial direction of the image carrier. The controller controls the contact/separate operation of the separation claw with/from the image carrier on a basis of the post-transfer residual quantity acquired by the post-transfer-residual-quantity acquirer.

Abstract: According to one example, there is provided an electrostatic printer. The printer comprises a photoconductor member, an imaging unit to generate a latent electrostatic image on the photoconductor member, an interface to receive a developer unit comprising a colored toner, the developer unit to develop a colored toner image on the photoconductor member using an associated base developer voltage, and a controller. The controller is to obtain image data comprising color separation data representing a variant of the colored toner, to control the imaging unit to generate a latent electrostatic image on the photoconductor member in accordance with the obtained color separation data, to determine a variant developer voltage corresponding to the variant of the colored toner, and to control the developer unit to develop a toner image on the photoconductor member using the variant developer voltage to develop a toner image corresponding to the variant of the colored toner.

Abstract: A charging member includes a cylindrical, hollow or solid, electroconductive base member, and an elastic layer device disposed on the electroconductive base member. When a surface profile of the charging member is subjected to a periodicity analysis in a circumferential direction, the surface profile has a maximum amplitude, in a period region of smaller than 5 mm, within a range of higher than or equal to 0.20 ?m and smaller than or equal to 0.90 ?m.

Abstract: To provide a charging roll for an electrophotographic apparatus that is excellent in charging performance while suppressing adhesion of toner particles. A charging roll 10 includes a shaft body 12, an elastic body layer 14 provided on the outer periphery of the shaft body 12, and a surface layer 16 provided on the outer periphery of the elastic body layer 14. The surface layer 16 contains cellulose nanofibers, and has pores generated on the surface thereof due to overlapping of the cellulose nanofibers, and the pores have a diameter of 0.05 to 30 micrometers. The surface layer 16 preferably contains no binder resin or contains a binder resin at a content of 5 mass % or less with respect to the total content of the surface layer 16.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, there is provided an image correction device including a PWM control unit configured to acquire predefined correction information corresponding to an image forming target line among a plurality of lines forming image data from an SRAM, adjust a timing for forming an image for the image forming target line on the basis of the acquired correction information, and form an image for the image forming target line according to the adjusted timing.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus that enhances measurement accuracy of a pattern image and improves quality of a printed image. Light emitted from a light emission unit based on a first measurement condition is reflected from an image bearing member, and first information is generated based on a measurement result of the image bearing member. Second information is determined based on the first measurement condition, the first information, and a second measurement condition. Light is emitted based on the first measurement condition when a first measurement image is measured, and an image forming condition is generated based on a measurement result of the first measurement image and the first information. Light is emitted based on the second measurement condition when a second measurement image is measured, and the image forming condition is generated based on a measurement result of the second measurement image and the second information.

Abstract: Provided is an image writing device including a deflector having deflective reflection surfaces for deflecting light flux emitted from a light source and a scanning imaging optical system that condenses the light flux as a light spot on a scanned surface of a latent image carrier, and performing optical scanning on the scanned surface at a constant speed, the image writing device further including: a surface detector that detects a deflective reflection surface that deflects the light flux; a storage that prestores a beam irradiation position in a sub scanning direction corresponding to each main image height on each of the deflective reflection surfaces; and a hardware processor that controls, on the basis of a beam irradiation position in the sub scanning direction corresponding to each main image height on the deflective reflection surface a light quantity of the light flux to be irradiated to the beam irradiation position.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus that includes an image forming portion configured to form an image on a sheet with a developer containing toner and an ultraviolet curable agent, a feeding belt configured to feed the sheet on which the image is formed by the image forming portion, and an ultraviolet irradiating portion configured to irradiate, with ultraviolet radiation, the image on the sheet that is being fed by the feeding belt. The feeding belt stops rotation thereof in a non-irradiated state of the feeding belt with ultraviolet radiation by the ultraviolet irradiating portion.

Abstract: Provided is a casing of a light scanning apparatus accommodating a rotary polygon mirror and an optical member, the casing including: first seat surfaces arranged on a bottom surface of the casing to mount a first deflection portion that includes a first rotary polygon mirror, a first motor, and a first board on which the first rotary polygon mirror and the first motor are fixed; and second seat surfaces arranged on the bottom surface to mount a second deflection portion that includes a second rotary polygon mirror, a second motor having a maximum number of revolutions higher than that of the first motor, a second board on which the second rotary polygon mirror and the second motor are fixed, and a mounting portion supporting the second board, wherein at least one of the second seat surfaces is arranged outside of a region formed by connecting the first seat surfaces.

Abstract: A light scanning apparatus including: a bottom surface on which a rotary polygon mirror is mounted; a housing including a bottom surface on which the rotary polygon mirror is mounted and a side wall portion on which a first light source and a second light source are mounted, the side wall portion standing from the bottom surface; and a wall portion standing from the bottom surface, the wall portion being configured to block a first light beam emitted from the first light source and reflected by an inner wall of a first holder holding the first light source and a second light beam emitted from the second light source and reflected by an inner wall of the second holder holding the second light source.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a light scanning apparatus, including: forming an optical box having a plurality of protrusions arranged along a longitudinal direction of a reflection mirror and provided at positions corresponding to one end side and the other end side of the reflection mirror in the longitudinal direction, respectively; processing protrusions except protrusions that are used for supporting the reflection mirror so that the protrusions except the protrusions that are used for supporting the reflection mirror on the one end side and on the other end side of the reflection mirror are out of contact with the reflection mirror; placing the reflection mirror on the protrusions that have not been processed in the processing; and fixing the reflection mirror, which has been placed on the protrusions that have not been processed in the placing, to the optical box.

Abstract: A developing device includes a rotary member delivering a developer to a latent image on an image carrier while rotating, a supply member disposed in a supply path and including a supply shaft and a helical or substantially helical supply blade, the supply member supplying the developer to the rotary member while rotating, a stirring member disposed in a stirring path, which extends alongside the supply path, and including a stirring shaft and a helical or substantially helical stirring blade, the stirring member stirring and circulating the developer between the supply and stirring paths while rotating, and an ejection path connected to an upstream portion of the supply path in a transport direction of the developer to eject the developer to the outside. The stirring blade's outer diameter is 1.1 or about 1.1 times or more and 1.5 or about 1.5 times or less the supply blade's outer diameter.

Abstract: A developing unit includes a developer bearing member, a container, an end seal, a sheet, and a backup member. The container contains a developer. The container has an opening for supplying the developer to the developer bearing member. The end seal is disposed between the developer bearing member and the developer container. The end seal is disposed at an area of the container outside a longitudinal end of the opening. The sheet seals a gap between the developer bearing member and the container. One widthwise end of the sheet is fixed to the container. The other widthwise end is in contact with the developer bearing member. A longitudinal end of the sheet includes a sandwiched portion between the end seal and the developer bearing member. The backup member is provided in an area facing a surface of the sheet opposite to a surface in contact with the developer bearing member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus is provided which can reduce occurrence of unusual noise. The image forming apparatus includes a driving motor configured to drive a developer bearing member and a control unit which can control the driving motor between a first driving speed and a second driving speed higher than the first driving speed. In a case where the first driving speed is equal to the driving speed of the image forming operation, the control unit controls the driving motor to drive at the second driving speed while an unsealing operation is being performed.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a toner container comprises a toner container body in which toner is stored, a cover portion configured to cover the toner container body, and a projection. The projection is provided in the vicinity of a rear end portion in a longitudinal direction of the cover portion or a longitudinal direction of the toner container body, and projecting toward a rear side of the toner container.

Abstract: A developing device has a developing roller, a toner feeding roller, a regulating blade, a casing, a film member, a biasing member, and first and second gears. The casing has an inner wall part facing the developing roller between the regulating blade and an image carrying member. The film member is flexible, and can vibrate in a direction approaching or away from the inner wall part. The biasing member applies a tension to the film member in its longitudinal direction. The first and second gears are coupled to a gear train driving the developing roller or the toner feeding roller, and have formed on their circumferential surfaces first and second protrusions vibrating the film member by intermittently making contact with one edge and the other edge of the film member respectively.

Abstract: A toner container according to one example embodiment includes a housing having a reservoir for storing toner and a drive shaft positioned in the reservoir. The drive shaft is rotatable about a rotational axis in an operative rotational direction. A toner agitator extends from the drive shaft in the reservoir. The toner agitator is rotatable around the rotational axis of the drive shaft as the drive shaft rotates. The toner agitator folds relative to the drive shaft counter to the operative rotational direction if resistance to rotation of the toner agitator provided by toner in the reservoir exceeds a threshold amount. The toner agitator is biased relative to the drive shaft in the operative rotational direction. A radial length of the toner agitator decreases when the toner agitator folds relative to the drive shaft counter to the operative rotational direction.