Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for verifying the integrity of position vector information obtained by at least two satellite geolocation devices, each of the geolocation devices being able to receive a plurality of wireless signals from a plurality of separate satellites, and to use the received wireless signals to compute a position vector of said geolocation device, including position coordinates computed in a predetermined spatial reference at a given moment in time, each of the geolocation devices being independent of the other geolocation devices, the satellites used being able to be different from one geolocation device to the next.

Abstract: A navigation system for use on an automated vehicle includes a global-positioning-system-receiver (GPS-receiver), a vehicle-to-vehicle-transceiver (V2V-transceiver), an object-detector, and a controller. The GPS-receiver indicates a receiver-coordinate of a host-vehicle. The receiver-coordinate is characterized by a receiver-error. The V2V-transceiver receives a GPS-coordinate from each of a plurality of other-vehicles proximate to the host-vehicle. The object-detector determines a distance and a direction relative to the host-vehicle to each of the plurality of other-vehicles. The controller is in communication with the GPS-receiver, the V2V-transceiver, and the object-detector.

Abstract: A system to select a type of satellite from a plurality of types of satellites in a multi-constellation of satellites is provided. The system includes at least a first receiver configured to input signals from a first type of satellite and a second receiver configured to input signals from a second type of satellite and a processor. The processor: executes a multi-constellation-selection software module to associate a current position with a mapping feature and select at least one selected type of satellite from the plurality of types of satellites based on the associated mapping feature; executes a compute-position/velocity/time (PVT) software module to compute a current position/velocity/time based on at least one selected input signal input at a receiver associated with the at least one selected type of satellite; and feeds the computed current position/velocity/time to the multi-constellation-selection software module based on the execution of the compute-PVT software module.

Abstract: A nuclear medicine examination apparatus is a nuclear medicine examination apparatus incorporating a Compton camera using gas amplification. The Compton camera has a chamber in which a gas is sealed. The nuclear medicine examination apparatus includes sensors that output signals each representing a gas state in the chamber and a controller that controls the gas state in the chamber on the basis of output signals from the sensors.

Abstract: Disclosed is a circuit for controlling the temperature and the bias voltage of a detector used by an X-ray analytical instrument. The circuit uses a single common reference voltage for the temperature measurement and for all the ADCs and DACs in the circuit, resulting in reduced drift and improved reproducibility of detector temperature and bias voltage. ADCs with a larger number of bits are used to produce precision values of the temperature, the bias voltage, and their respective setpoints. The setpoints are digitally varied until the precision setpoint values correspond to desired values of temperature and bias setpoints.

Abstract: In a radiation detector, an output extraction portion includes a first resistor chain, a first light detection portion of each of a plurality of radiation detection units being connected to the first resistor chain, and a second resistor chain, a second light detection portion of each of the plurality of radiation detection units being connected to the second resistor chain.

Abstract: A protection film, configured to cover scintillators formed on a scintillator substrate, the scintillators being a plurality of columnar crystal structures protruding from a surface of the scintillator substrate, at least includes a metal alkoxide, and a cross-link formed by cross-linking some of metal atoms of the metal alkoxide by oxygen.

Abstract: A semiconductor detector for detecting radiation comprises a first semiconductor part in which an electron and a hole are generated by incident radiation; a signal output electrode outputting a signal base on the electron or the hole; and a gettering part gettering impurities in the first semiconductor part. In addition, the semiconductor detector further comprises a second semiconductor part doped with a type of dopant impurities and having dopant impurity concentration higher than that of the first semiconductor part. The second semiconductor part is in contact with the first semiconductor part. The gettering part is in contact with the second semiconductor part and not in contact with the first semiconductor part.

Abstract: A method for localizing a marine animal in an underwater environment implemented by a passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) system. The passive acoustic monitoring system includes network of acoustic sensors adapted to carry out measurements of acoustic signals. The method includes: obtaining, from the network of acoustic sensors, measured data of an acoustic signal emitted by a marine animal; defining a space of dimensional representation of the underwater environment discretized in a plurality of predefined cells, for each cell of a predefined set, obtaining an error defined as a value of a cost function for the cell, the cost function giving a deviation between: at least some of the measured data; and corresponding theoretical data obtained by assuming the marine animal is located in the cell, the errors obtained for the predefined set of cells enabling to obtain at least one piece of information about localization of the marine animal.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure provide a system for seismic sample data acquisition and processing. The system includes an acquisition system configured to acquire seismic sample data using compressive sensing. The acquisition system includes a plurality of receivers each configured to randomly sample a seismic signal to generate seismic sample data, and a data collection system configured to control sampling operations of the plurality of receivers, and receive and store the generated seismic sample data.

Abstract: The presently disclosed seismic acquisition technique employs a receiver array and a processing methodology that are designed to attenuate the naturally occurring seismic background noise recorded along with the seismic data during the acquisition. The approach leverages the knowledge that naturally occurring seismic background noise moves with a slower phase velocity than the seismic signals used for imaging and inversion and, in some embodiments, may arrive from particular preferred directions. The disclosed technique comprises two steps: 1) determining from the naturally occurring seismic background noise in the preliminary seismic data a range of phase velocities and amplitudes that contain primarily noise and the degree to which that noise needs to be attenuated, and 2) designing an acquisition and processing method to attenuate that noise relative to the desired signal.

Abstract: Separating survey data for multiple survey sources where first survey data along a first axis measured by a survey sensor device is received, the first survey data responsive to activations of the plurality of survey sources at respective azimuths with respect to the survey sensor device. Second survey data is rotated towards a first azimuth of a first of the plurality of survey sources. The rotated second survey data is used as a model of interference caused by a subset of the plurality of survey sources excluding the first survey source. In other examples, a time dithering technique is performed to separate survey data for multiple survey sources.

Abstract: An embodiment of a method of estimating a property of an earth formation includes: disposing an acoustic tool in a borehole in an earth formation, the acoustic tool including an acoustic source and at least one acoustic receiver; transmitting acoustic signals into the borehole by the acoustic source, the acoustic signals having at least one linear guided wave mode that propagates along a surface of the borehole; receiving the acoustic signals by at least one receiver; analyzing, by a processor, the acoustic signals to measure non-linear harmonic waves generated by the formation is response to the at least one linear guided wave mode; and estimating a property of the formation based on the measured non-linear harmonic waves.

Abstract: Location determination is performed using a transmitter including an elongated generally planar loop antenna defining an elongation axis. The elongation axis is positioned along at least a portion of a path. A magnetic field is then generated which approximates a dipole field. Certain characteristics of the magnetic field are then determined at a receiving position radially displaced from the antenna elongation axis. Using the determined certain characteristics, at least one orientation parameter is established which characterizes a positional relationship between the receiving position and the antenna on the path. The magnetic field may be transmitted as a monotone single phase signal. The orientation parameter may be a radial offset and/or an angular orientation between the receiving position and the antenna on the path. The antenna of the transmitter may be inserted into a first borehole to transmit the magnetic field to a receiver inserted into a second borehole.

Abstract: A system and method of for underground line location includes an underground line locator. The underground line locator includes an antenna system configured to generate signal information based on a proximity and an orientation of an underground line relative to the antenna system, a positioning system configured to generate position information based on the location of the underground line locator, and a controller coupled to the antenna system and the positioning system. The controller is configured to receive the signal information from the antenna system and the positioning information from the positioning system.

Abstract: An example method for downhole surveying and measuring may include positioning a first conformable sensor proximate to a downhole element. The first conformable sensor may include a flexible material, a transmitter coupled to the flexible material, and a receiver coupled to the flexible material. A response of the downhole element to a signal generated by the transmitter may be measured at the receiver. The response may be processed to determine a feature of the downhole element.

Abstract: An apparatus for identifying a fluid and locations of the fluid in a formation of shale having porous kerogen material and an inorganic matrix defining pores and micro-fractures includes: a carrier configured to be conveyed through a borehole penetrating the shale; a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) tool disposed at the carrier and configured to perform NMR measurements on the shale, the NMR measurements include a spectrum of transverse relaxation times; and a processor configured to receive NMR measurements on the shale performed by the NMR tool and to identify the fluid and locations of the fluid in the shale using the spectrum of transverse relaxation times.

Abstract: A controller for detecting objects moving in a first direction in a computed tomography (CT) imaging system is provided. The controller is configured to detect objects by assembling a plurality of segments based on a plurality of CT imaging slices. In response to receiving a stop request, the controller is configured to detect objects by causing the CT imaging system to cease a flow of objects, discarding the one or more of the plurality of CT imaging slices associated with a first segment and a second segment of the plurality of segments, causing the CT imaging system to move the objects in a second direction for an interruption distance in which the second direction is opposite the first direction, causing the CT imaging system to move the objects in the first direction, and reassembling the first segment and the second segment.

Abstract: Apparatus determines whether a stored object is a wafer alone or a frame unit formed by uniting the wafer and a ring frame. The apparatus includes first and second detecting units, the second detecting unit being stored more shallowly than the first detecting unit. The apparatus determines whether light transmitted by the first detecting unit is blocked by the object and does not reach a light receiving portion of the first detecting unit. When light transmitted from the second detecting unit is blocked by the object and does not reach a light receiving portion of the second detecting unit, the apparatus determines that the object is the frame unit, whereas when the light transmitted from the second detecting unit is not blocked by the object and reaches the light receiving portion of the second detecting unit, the apparatus determines that the object is the wafer.

Abstract: An example embodiment of the present invention provides an anti-reflection film capable of providing low reflectability and designability, a method of producing the film, and a display device. Another example embodiment of the present invention relates to an anti-reflection film including a substrate and a resin layer on the substrate, the resin layer containing a plurality of cavities, the resin layer and the substrate having different refractive indexes from each other, the resin coat including a base portion and a plurality of protrusions on the base portion, the plurality of protrusions being integrally formed with the base portion, the base portion having a thickness that varies at least in one direction in a region.

Abstract: A method is presented herein that involves mixing a self-healing coating solution, a dispersion of colloidal nanoparticles, and at least one of a solvent or a surfactant, to obtain a composition, wherein the composition is capable of being cured into a coating that is transparent to visible light. An ophthalmic lens product obtained by this method is also presented herein.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a one-side-protected polarizing film having a transparent protective film on only one surface of a polarizer, wherein: the polarizer contains a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin, has a thickness of 10 ?m or less, and is designed to have a single-body transmittance T and a polarization degree P representing optical properties satisfying the condition of the following formula: P>?(100.929T?42.4?1)×100 (provided that T<42.3) or P?99.9 (provided that T?42.3); and the other surface of the polarizer has a transparent layer having a compressive elastic modulus at 80° C. of 0.1 GPa or more. Even when the polarizer has prescribed optical properties and the thickness is 10 ?m or less, this one-side-protected polarizing film is capable of suppressing the occurrence of through cracks and nano-slits.

Abstract: A method for fabricating an optical element including selecting a lamp spectrum and bandpass filter spectrum, obtaining a spectral characteristics vector to quantify the concentration of a component in a sample and obtaining a target spectrum from the lamp spectrum, the bandpass filter spectrum, and the spectral characteristics vector, is provided. Further including selecting a number of layers less than a maximum value, and performing an optimization routine using the index of refraction and thickness of each of the number of layers until an error between a model spectrum and the target spectrum is less than a tolerance value, or a number of iterations is exceeded. And reducing the number of layers if the error is less than a tolerance and stopping the procedure if the number of iterations is exceeded. A device using an optical element for optically-based chemometrics applications fabricated using the method above is also provided.

Abstract: In an optical field enhancement device in which localized plasmon is induced on a surface through illumination of excitation light and intensity of signal light emitted, by the illumination, from a sample placed on the surface is enhanced, forming sharp-edged petal-like fine uneven structures disposed at random on a substrate, and forming plate-like metal fine structures on tip portions of the sharp-edged petal-like fine uneven structures by depositing a metal from an oblique direction with respect to a direction perpendicular to a plane of the substrate on which the sharp-edged petal-like fine uneven structures are formed.

Abstract: A method of producing electronic plasmons by applying a bias to a molecular tunnel junction to excite plasmons, in which the molecular tunnel junction contains a top metallic electrode formed of a eutectic metal alloy and a metal oxide, a bottom metallic electrode formed of a transition metal, and a self-assembled monolayer formed of a plurality of organic molecules disposed between the top metallic electrode and the bottom metallic electrode. Also disclosed are a molecular tunnel junction for producing electronic plasmons and a method for preparing such a molecular tunnel junction.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there is provided a light diffusion film for diffusing incident light into an elliptical shape, which contains, inside the film, a structure composed of a plurality of flaky-shaped objects with comparatively high refractive index arranged in multiple rows in a region with comparatively low refractive index along any one arbitrary direction along the film plane. If T50 (?m) is the width of the flaky-shaped objects at a position of 50 ?m below the upper end of the flaky-shaped objects in the direction of the thickness of the light diffusion film, and if L50 (?m) is the length of the flaky-shaped objects in the above-mentioned arbitrary one direction, the following relation (1) is satisfied: 0.05?T50/L50<0.

Abstract: A transparent layered element includes two outer layers that each have a smooth outer main surface and are constituted of dielectric materials having substantially the same refractive index. The layered element also includes a central layer inserted between the outer layers. The central layer is formed either by one or more layers made of metallic material or made of dielectric material having a refractive index different from that of the outer layers. All of the contact surfaces between two adjacent layers of the layered element are textured and parallel to one another. A ratio of a total reflection of the layered element on a side of a first outer layer in a given wavelength range to a total reflection of the layered element on a side of a second outer layer in the given wavelength range is greater than or equal to 1.5.

Abstract: The present application generally relates to retroreflective articles and methods of making retroreflective articles. Some embodiments include a body layer having an elastic modulus of equal to or greater than 1750 MPa, a plurality of truncated cube corner elements, and a polymeric layer between the body layer and the cube corner elements, the polymeric layer having an elastic modulus of less than 1750 MPa.

Abstract: An optical layer system for a position-measuring device includes at least first, second and third functional surfaces disposed on a surface of a transparent substrate. Each of the functional surfaces have a different optical function. The functional surfaces are composed of a first layer stack and a second layer stack.

Abstract: A color filter array substrate, a method for fabricating the same and a display device are provided. The color filter array substrate comprises an array substrate (310), and a black matrix (320), a color filter layer (341, 342, 343) and a reflection layer (330) formed on the array substrate (310); wherein the black matrix (320) comprising a plurality of openings defining sub-pixel regions; the color filter layer (341, 342, 343) and the reflection layer (330) are disposed in the plurality of openings and the reflection layer (330) is disposed on a side of the color filter layer (341, 342, 343) that is close to the array substrate (310).

Abstract: An electronic device may be provided with a display. The display may have a display cover layer. The display may have an active area with pixels and an inactive area without pixels. An opaque masking layer such as a layer of black ink may be formed on the underside of the display cover layer in the inactive area. Windows may be formed from openings in the opaque masking layer. Optical components such as infrared-light-based optical components may be aligned with the windows. The windows may include coatings in the openings that block visible light while transmitting infrared light. The window coatings may be formed from polymer layers containing pigments, polymer layers containing dyes that are coated with antireflection layers, thin-film interference filters formed from stacks of thin-film layers, or other coating structures.

Abstract: A direct back-lit light guide structure is applied to a light guide plate and a back-lit module. The light guide plate has a light-ejection surface and a light-inject surface opposite to the light-ejection surface. The back-lit module comprises at least one point-light source located on the light-ejection surface. The direct back-lit light guide structure comprises at least one asymmetric concave structure formed on the light-ejection surface, and each the point-light source is corresponding to one asymmetric concave structure in such a manner that the point-light source projects light directly toward the asymmetric concave structure. Each the asymmetric concave structure has a central lowest point. The point-light source is located right below the central lowest point. The direct back-lit light guide structure has advantages of better optical uniformity, higher illumination efficiency, fewer point-light sources required, lower cost, narrower side-frame and thinner light guide plate.

Abstract: A pattern displaying device includes a light path changing element, a first light source, a second light source, and a control module. The light path changing element has first inclined surfaces to reflect light and arranged into a first predetermined pattern, and second inclined surfaces to reflect light and arranged into a second predetermined pattern. The first light source is operable to emit light toward the first inclined surfaces to display the first predetermined pattern. The second light source is operable to emit light toward the second inclined surfaces in order to display the second predetermined pattern. The control module is electrically connected to the first and second light sources to control the first and second light source to emit light or not.

Abstract: A presentation device has a cylindrical display panel provided with a first pattern on an outer circumferential surface thereof and supported to be rotatable in a circumferential direction, a cylindrical light guide plate arranged along an outer circumference of the display panel and supported coaxially with the display panel such that the first pattern is visible from an outer circumferential side, and a light source opposing a portion of one edge surface of the light guide plate and configured to emit visible light. The light guide plate has prisms that are formed in a diffusing surface on an inner circumferential side opposing the outer circumference surface of the display panel, reflect visible light from the light source that enters the light guide plate from the portion of the edge surface toward an exit surface on the outer circumferential side opposing the diffusing surface and arranged along a second pattern.

Abstract: Disclosed are an optical sheet, a display device including the same, and a method for manufacturing the same. The optical sheet includes a host layer, a plurality of wavelength conversion particles in the host layer, and a plurality of optical path change particles in the host layer.

Abstract: A vehicular display device includes a facing member having a hole formed therein, an edge-light light guide that guides lights emitted from LEDs, a diffusion member that diffuses light leaking from the edge-light light guide, and a convex light guide having a main part interposed between the diffusion member and the facing member, and a projecting portion projecting into the hole. The lights emitted from the LEDs are guided to the edge-light light guide. The lights guided to the edge-light light guide are diffused by the diffusion member to enter the convex light guide, and leaves from the projecting portion.

Abstract: An illumination device includes a plurality of light-emitting elements (LEEs); a light guide extending in a forward direction from a first end to a second end to receive at the first end light emitted by the LEEs and to guide the received light to the second end; an optical extractor optically coupled to the second end to receive the guided light, the optical extractor including a redirecting surface to reflect a first portion of the guided light, the reflected light being output by the optical extractor in a backward angular range, and the redirecting surface having one or more transmissive portions to transmit a second portion of the guided light in the forward direction; and one or more optical elements optically coupled to the transmissive portions, the optical elements to modify the light transmitted through the transmissive portions and to output the modified light in a forward angular range.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a light-emitting apparatus, which comprises at least one reflective housing, at least one light-emitting module, and a reflective member. The reflective housing includes a housing body and a curved surface part. The curved surface part is located on the housing body. The light-emitting module is located below the reflective housing. The light-emitting module includes a light guide plate and at least one light-emitting device. The light-emitting device is located on one side of the light guide plate. The light guide plate includes a plate body and a hole. The hole corresponds to an opening on the curved surface part and is located on the plate body. The reflective member is located below the light-emitting module. The reflective member includes a body and a light-emitting hole. The light-emitting hole corresponds to the hole and located on the body.

Abstract: In one aspect, optic assemblies and waveguide fixtures comprising the same are described herein. In an exemplary embodiment, an optic assembly includes an optic housing, an optical insert positioned in the optic housing, and a waveguide optic positioned in the optical insert. The waveguide optic includes a light extraction face and at least two sets of light extraction elements provided on the light extraction face. The at least two sets of light extraction elements are disposed on opposing sides of an axis of symmetry for extracting a symmetric lighting distribution.

Abstract: A multicore fiber includes: a center core that propagates four LP mode light beams including an LP02 mode light beam; and a first to a fifth cores disposed on a first line to a fifth line segments extend from the center of the center core in the radial direction at predetermined angles. The multicore fiber includes a different mode interaction section in which the propagation constants of each mode light beam propagated through the center core are matched with the propagation constants of LP01 mode light beams propagated through the first to fifth cores.

Abstract: Optical fibers having a mode field diameter at 1310 nm of at least 8.8 ?m, wire mesh covered drum microbending losses at 1550 nm less than 0.03 dB/km, and a 2 m cutoff wavelength less than 1320 nm. The fibers may include a central core region, an inner cladding region, an outer cladding region, a primary coating with an in situ modulus less than 0.20 MPa and glass transition temperature less than ?35° C., and a secondary coating with an in situ modulus greater than 1500 MPa. The fibers may further include a depressed index cladding region. The relative refractive index of the central core region may be greater than the relative refractive index of the outer cladding region may be greater than the relative refractive index of the inner cladding region. The fibers may be produced at draw speeds of 30 m/s or greater.

Abstract: Multicore optical fibers are disclosed that have randomly arranged cores within a cladding matrix. In some cases, the cores are defined by air lines formed in a glass matrix. The cores can have an edge-to-edge spacing designed so that the multicore optical fiber operates in either a weak-coupling regime or a strong-coupling regime. Imaging systems and optical fiber communication systems that utilize the multicore fibers disclosed here are also presented.

Abstract: An optical fiber comprising: (i) a chlorine doped silica based core comprising a core alpha (?)>10, and maximum refractive index delta ?1max % and Cl concentration >1 wt %; (ii) a cladding surrounding the core, the cladding comprising: (a) an inner cladding region adjacent to and in contact with the core and having a refractive index delta ?2 and a minimum refractive index delta ?2min such that ?2min<?1max, the inner cladding region comprising fluorine doped silica and the refractive index delta ?2 with region that decreases with radial position, and (b) an outer cladding region surrounding the inner cladding region and having refractive index delta ?3, such that ?2min<?3. The fiber has mode field diameter MFD at 1310 nm of ?9 microns, a cable cutoff of ?1260 nm, zero dispersion wavelength of 1300 nm?zero dispersion wavelength ?1324 nm and bend loss at 1550 nm for a 20 mm mandrel of less than 0.5 dB/turn.

Abstract: A dispersion shifted optical fiber where a radius r0 of a first center segment is 0.5 ?m to 2.8 ?m, and a relative refractive index difference ?0 is 0.4% or more and 0.9% or less. A radius r1 of a first segment is 1.8 ?m or more and 4.5 ?m or less. A radius r2 of a second segment is 4.0 ?m or more and 8.0 ?m or less, and a relative refractive index difference ?2 is 0.00% or more and 0.07% or less. A radius r3 of a third segment is 4.5 ?m or more and 8.5 ?m or less, and a relative refractive index difference ?3 is 0.285% or more and 0.5% or less. A radius r4 of a fourth segment is 8.0 ?m or more and 16.0 ?m or less, and a relative refractive index difference ?4 is 0.005% or more and 0.04% or less.

Abstract: Systems and method are provided for producing portable, high power, broadband terahertz emitters based on arrayed terahertz photoconductive antennas. After such an arrayed structure is made, the phase of terahertz signals that are produced by each photoconductive antenna can be adjusted, and the terahertz signals can be added such that the signals are added constructively. Terahertz emitters based on terahertz photoconductive antenna arrays are advantageously small in size and scalable, allowing for terahertz power to be increased by adding more photoconductive antenna arrays.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a 2D square-lattice PhC with rotated hollow square rods and rotated triangle rods comprising a high-refractive-index dielectric rod and a low-refractive-index background dielectric rod, and providing a 2D square-lattice PhC structure having a large absolute PBG relative value. The unit cell of the square-lattice PhC includes a high-refractive-index rotated hollow square rod, a high-refractive-index triangle rod and a low-refractive-index background dielectric, the hollow square rod has an outer contour being the first rotated square rod and a hollow part with a cross section being the second rotated square rod; the cross section of a high-refractive-index triangular rod is a right-angle triangle located at the hollow part of the square rod, the triangular rods are four right-angled triangular rods, the vertex connecting lines of four triangular rods form a third rotated square rod; the hypotenuse connecting lines of four triangular rods form a fourth rotated square rod.

Abstract: The three-dimensional space-division Y-splitter for multicore optical fibers (MCF) is a 3-D device that depends on space-division splitting (SDS) by double-hump graded-index (DHGI) in a rectangular waveguide. It includes multiple single Y-splitters, each one being dedicated to one MCF core. Each Y-splitter layer has three stages, including an expander; a DHGI-SDS; and a separator. The net result of the Y-splitter is that the signal in a single multi-core fiber input has its optical power split 50-50 between two multi-core fiber outputs without an intermediate single-core single-mode fiber (SMF) conversion stage.

Abstract: An optical switching arrangement includes a plurality of input and output waveguides. Each of the input waveguides has a first plurality of 1×2 optical switches associated therewith and extending therealong. Each of the output waveguides has a second plurality of 1×2 optical switches associated therewith and extending therealong. Each of the first and second plurality of optical switches is selectively switchable between a through-state and a cross-state. The input and output waveguides are arranged such that optical losses arising for any wavelength of light only depend on a length of segments of the input and output waveguides located between adjacent ones of the 1×2 optical switches. Each of the first plurality of optical switches associated with each of the input waveguides is optically coupled to one of the second plurality of optical switches in a different one of the output waveguides when both optical switches are in the cross-state.

Abstract: A passive optical circuit breaker includes a substrate and an optical waveguide assembly arranged relative to the substrate. The optical waveguide assembly includes a first optical waveguide portion having a first low-loss portion and a first high-loss portion, and a second optical waveguide portion having a second low-loss portion. The first low-loss portion and the second low-loss portion define a first optical path through the optical waveguide assembly, and optical energy directed through the first high-loss portion exceeding a prescribed threshold causes the first optical waveguide portion to physically deflect relative to the second optical waveguide portion and interrupt the first optical path through the optical waveguide assembly.

Abstract: An optical connector includes an optical waveguide, a ferrule base including an attaching part to which the optical waveguide is bonded with an adhesive, and a ferrule cover attached to the ferrule base to cover the attaching part. The ferrule base further includes a preventing part that is formed on the attaching part and prevents leakage of the adhesive from the ferrule base.