Abstract: A manufacturing method of a piezoelectric element includes forming an adhesive layer of a lead electrode on a piezoelectric element main body of a vibration plate, forming a metallic layer of the lead electrode on the adhesive layer, removing the metallic layer to leave the adhesive layer in a portion that corresponds to an extended electrode of the lead electrode using etching, patterning the remaining adhesive layer as individual extended electrodes that correspond to the piezoelectric element main body using etching, joining a protective substrate onto the vibration plate in a state in which the piezoelectric element main body is accommodated inside an accommodation hollow section and the extended electrode is positioned further on an outer side of the vibration plate than the protective substrate, layering and forming a section of the wiring on the protective substrate and the extended electrode, and patterning the wiring as individual wiring for each extended electrode using etching.

Abstract: An object is to prevent a short failure in magnetic tunnel junction and thereby suppress a semiconductor device having a magnetic memory cell from having deteriorated reliability. First, a data reference layer and a cap layer are patterned. After formation of an oxygen-free first insulating film on their side walls, a base layer, a data recording layer, and a tunnel barrier layer are patterned. During patterning of the base layer, data recording layer, and tunnel barrier layer, adhesion of a metal substance of the data reference layer and the cap layer to the side wall of the tunnel barrier layer can be prevented because the data reference layer and the cap layer are covered by the first insulating film.

Abstract: A method of forming a segmented FDSOI STT-MRAM using dummy WL blocks and the resulting device are provided. Embodiments include forming a plurality of FDSOI STT-MRAM active WL blocks laterally separated across a memory array; forming a FDSOI STT-MRAM dummy WL block parallel to and on opposite sides of each active WL block; forming a plurality of SL structures laterally separated across the memory array; forming a plurality of BL structures laterally separated across the memory array; and connecting the plurality of SL and BL structures to the plurality of active WL blocks.

Abstract: A magnetic junction and method for providing the magnetic junction are described. The method includes providing a free layer, providing a pinned layer and providing a nonmagnetic spacer between the free and pinned layers. The free layer is switchable between stable magnetic states using a write current passed through the magnetic junction. At least one of the step of providing the free layer and the step of providing the pinned layer includes depositing a magnetic layer; depositing an adsorber layer on the magnetic layer and performing at least one anneal. The magnetic layer is amorphous as-deposited and includes an interstitial glass-promoting component. The adsorber layer attracts the interstitial glass-promoting component and has a lattice mismatch with the nonmagnetic spacer layer of not more than ten percent. Each of the anneal(s) is at a temperature greater than 300 degrees Celsius and not more than 425 degrees Celsius.

Abstract: A magnetic memory including a plurality of magnetic junctions and at least one spin-orbit interaction (SO) active layer is described. Each of the magnetic junctions includes a pinned layer, a free layer and a nonmagnetic spacer layer between reference and free layers. The free layer has at least one of a tilted easy axis and a high damping constant. The tilted easy axis is at a nonzero acute angle from a direction perpendicular-to-plane. The high damping constant is at least 0.02. The at least one SO active layer is adjacent to the free layer and carries a current in-plane. The at least one SO active layer exerts a SO torque on the free layer due to the current. The free layer is switchable using the SO torque.

Abstract: A magnetic solid state device is disclosed. The magnetic solid state device includes a substrate and a topological insulator deposited on top of the substrate. The magnetic solid state device also includes a first perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) bit having a reference PMA layer located on the topological insulator, and a second PMA bit having a free PMA layer located on the topological insulator. A gate contact is utilized to receive various predetermined voltages for controlling the Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) interactions between the reference PMA layer in the first PMA bit and the free PMA layer in the second PMA bit.

Abstract: A storage element includes a storage layer, a fixed magnetization layer, a spin barrier layer, and a spin absorption layer. The storage layer stores information based on a magnetization state of a magnetic material. The fixed magnetization layer is provided for the storage layer through a tunnel insulating layer. The spin barrier layer suppresses diffusion of spin-polarized electrons and is provided on the side of the storage layer opposite the fixed magnetization layer. The spin absorption layer is formed of a nonmagnetic metal layer causing spin pumping and provided on the side of the spin barrier layer opposite the storage layer. A direction of magnetization in the storage layer is changed by passing current in a layering direction to inject spin-polarized electrons so that information is recorded in the storage layer and the spin barrier layer includes at least a material selected from oxides, nitrides, and fluorides.

Abstract: Integrating magnetic random access memory with logic is disclosed. The magnetic tunnel junction stack of a magnetic memory cell is disposed within a dielectric layer which serves as a via level of an interlevel dielectric layer with a metal level above the via level. An integration scheme for forming dual damascene structures for interconnects can be formed to logic and memory cells easily.

Abstract: An alternating stack of insulating layers and electrically conductive layers is formed over a substrate. Sidewalls of the electrically conductive layers are laterally recessed to form laterally recessed regions. After formation of a conformal barrier material layer in the laterally recessed regions and on the sidewalls of the insulating layers, an amorphous precursor memory material layer is deposited in lateral cavities and over the conformal barrier material layer. An anneal process is performed to selectively crystallize portions of the amorphous precursor memory material layer in the lateral cavities into crystalline memory material portions while not crystallizing portions of the amorphous precursor memory material outside the lateral cavities. Remaining amorphous portions of the amorphous precursor memory material layer are removed selective to the crystalline memory material portions. A vertical conductive line is formed on the crystalline memory material portions.

Abstract: A method of forming a silicon-containing dielectric material. The method includes forming a plasma comprising nitrogen radicals, absorbing the nitrogen radicals onto a substrate, and exposing the substrate to a silicon-containing precursor in a non-plasma environment to form monolayers of a silicon-containing dielectric material on the substrate. Additional methods are also described, as are semiconductor device structures including the silicon-containing dielectric material and methods of forming the semiconductor device structures.

Abstract: Subject matter herein disclosed relates to an improved CEM switching device and methods for its manufacture. In this device, a conductive substrate and/or conductive overlay comprises a primary layer of a conductive material and a secondary layer of a conductive material. The primary layer contacting the CEM layer is substantially inert to the CEM layer and/or acts as an oxygen barrier for the secondary layer at temperatures used for the manufacture of the device.

Abstract: A process for purifying semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (sc-SWCNTs) extracted with a conjugated polymer, the process comprising exchanging the conjugated polymer with an s-tetrazine based polymer in a processed sc-SWCNT dispersion that comprises the conjugated polymer associated with the sc-SWCNTs. The process can be used for production of thin film transistors. In addition, disclosed herein is use of an s-tetrazine based polymer for purification of semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (sc-SWCNTs).

Abstract: A light-emitting element and its fabrication method are provided. The light-emitting element includes an EL layer between a pair of electrode, and the EL layer is formed by evaporation of an organic compound. The evaporation is conducted so that the partial pressure of a component with a specific molecular weight in a film-formation chamber, which is monitored by a mass spectrometer, does not exceed a specific value during the evaporation. This method allows the formation of a light-emitting element having an improved lifetime.

Abstract: A semiconductor composition which comprises a soluble polyacene semiconductor and a polymeric semiconducting binder the binder having a permittivity greater than 3.4 at 000 Hz. The charge mobility of the semiconducting binder when measured in a pure state is greater than 10?7 cm2/Vs and more preferably greater than 10?6 cm2/Vs. Organic thin film transistors in which the source and drain electrodes are bridged by the semiconductor composition have desirable properties of reproducibility and charge mobility. The organic semiconducting composition can be applied by solution coating.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a cellulose-polymer composite solar cell that is substantially biodegradable and fabricated using environmentally friendly materials and methods. The polymer solar cell comprises an electrically conductive cellulose-polymer composite and an electrically semiconductive cellulose-polymer composite.

Abstract: A composite material which includes an organic compound and an inorganic compound and has a high carrier-transport property is provided. A composite material having a good property of carrier injection into an organic compound is provided. A composite material in which light absorption due to charge-transfer interaction is unlikely to occur is provided. A composite material having a high visible-light-transmitting property is provided. A composite material including a hydrocarbon compound and an inorganic compound exhibiting an electron-accepting property with respect to the hydrocarbon compound is provided. The hydrocarbon compound has a substituent bonded to a naphthalene skeleton, a phenanthrene skeleton, or a triphenylene skeleton and has a molecular weight of 350 to 2000, and the substituent has one or more rings selected from a benzene ring, a naphthalene ring, a phenanthrene ring, and a triphenylene ring.

Abstract: Disclosed are a compound for an organic optoelectronic device, an organic light emitting diode including the same, and a display device including the organic light emitting diode. The compound for an organic optoelectronic device represented by a combination of the following Chemical Formula 1 and Chemical Formula 2 provides an organic light emitting diode having life-span characteristics due to excellent electrochemical and thermal stability, and high luminous efficiency at a low driving voltage.

Abstract: A condensed-cyclic compound is represented by Formula 1: where X, L1 to L3, R1 to R3, Ar1 to Ar6, c1 to c3, a1 to a2, and b1 to b3 are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: A compound comprising a ligand LA selected from: as well as, devices and formulations containing the compound are disclosed. In the compounds, independently X1-X6 are CH or N; Y1-Y12 are independently selected from CH, N, and C-APR1?R1?; when present, exactly one of Y1 through Y12 is C-APR1?R1? in LA8; A is selected from a single bond, —CRARB—, —NRA—, —O—, —S— and —SiRARB—; and R, R1?, R1?, R2, R3, RA, and RB are each independently a substituent selected from hydrogen, deuterium, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, and combinations thereof. The P-atom of the ligand LA is bonded to a metal M having an atomic weight of at least 40.

Abstract: An organometallic compound and an organic light-emitting device, the organometallic compound being represented by the following Formula 1: M(L1)n1(L2)n2??<Formula 1> wherein in Formula 1, M is selected from iridium (Ir), platinum (Pt), osmium (Os), titanium (Ti), zirconium (Zr), hafnium (Hf), europium (Eu), terbium (Tb), thulium (Tm), and rhodium (Rh); n1 is 0, 1, 2, or 4; n2 is 1, 2, or 3; when n1 is two or more, two or more L1 are identical or different, and when n2 is two or more, two or more L2 are identical to different; L1 is selected from a monovalent organic ligand, a divalent organic ligand, a trivalent organic ligand, and a tetravalent organic ligand, and is different from L2; L2 is a ligand represented by the following Formula 2;

Abstract: Provided is a display apparatus capable of reducing generation of defects such as a disconnection during manufacturing processes, while ensuring longer lifespan thereof. The display apparatus includes: a substrate including a bending area between a first area and a second area to be bent in the bending area about a bending axis, the substrate including a first substrate and a second substrate that are stacked; a first intermediate line at least partially located in the bending area, and located between the first substrate and the second substrate; and a first upper line over the second substrate to be electrically connected to the first intermediate line via a first contact hole in the second substrate.

Abstract: A display device includes: an insulating substrate having flexibility and including a bent portion that is bent at 90 degrees or more outside a display area provided with an image display function; and a spacer disposed inside the bent portion and including a curved area around which the bent portion is wrapped and a plane area facing the insulating substrate, wherein the insulating substrate includes a flat portion adjacent to the bent portion and provided so as to face the plane area.

Abstract: A display device includes: a flexible display including a flexible substrate and a plurality of light emitting elements provided on the flexible substrate; an adhesive layer; and a film attached to the flexible display with the adhesive layer. The adhesive layer is provided avoiding a plurality of blank areas linearly arranged in at least one direction on a surface of the flexible display.

Abstract: A thin film transistor array panel and a manufacturing method are disclosed herein. The thin film transistor array panel includes a data line, a first block of a source electrode, a third block of a drain electrode, and an electrode layer which are formed by a first metal layer disposed on a baseplate; a second block of the source electrode, a fourth block of the drain electrode are formed by a second metal layer which is disposed on the first metal layer. The first block and the second block overlap to combine integrally. The third block and the fourth block overlap to combine integrally. The present invention can decrease the electrical resistance of each of the source electrode and the drain electrode.

Abstract: A vertical channel field-effect transistor is taught. The vertical channel field-effect transistor comprises a primary substrate and a secondary substrate. A bottom conducting layer is provided on the primary substrate. A top conducting layer is transferred from a secondary substrate to the primary substrate by using an insulating adhesive layer. The thickness of the insulating adhesive layer defines the channel length. The portion of the top conducting layer which is over the bottom conducting layer defines the maximum possible channel. At least one semiconducting layer is provided on and around a perimeter of at least a portion of the channel width. At least one insulating layer is provided on at least a portion of the at least one semiconducting layer. At least one gate conducting layer provided on at least a portion of the at least one insulating layer.

Abstract: A solar cell includes a substrate and a stacked body. The substrate includes an upper surface. The stacked body includes a lower electrode, a photoelectric conversion film, and an upper electrode. The lower electrode is provided on the upper surface. The photoelectric conversion film is provided on the lower electrode. The upper electrode is provided on the photoelectric conversion film. The stacked body includes a first region and a second region. The first region includes a foreign matter between the lower electrode and the photoelectric conversion film. The second region is without the foreign matter. A distance between an end of the foreign matter in a first direction parallel with the upper surface and the upper electrode in a second direction intersecting the upper surface is greater than a distance in the second direction between the lower electrode and the upper electrode in the second region.

Abstract: A light-emitting device is provided. The light-emitting device includes a first electrode structure, a light-emitting layer disposed on the first electrode structure, a second electrode structure disposed on the light-emitting layer, and a plurality of nano-particles disposed within the light-emitting layer. Each of the nano-particles includes a metal core and a dielectric shell that surrounds the metal core to generate plasmon resonance.

Abstract: A light-emitting element which uses a plurality of kinds of light-emitting dopants emitting light in a balanced manner and has high emission efficiency is provided. Further, a light-emitting device, a display device, an electronic device, and a lighting device each having reduced power consumption by using the above light-emitting element are provided. A light-emitting element which includes a plurality of light-emitting layers including different phosphorescent materials is provided. In the light-emitting element, the light-emitting layer which includes a light-emitting material emitting light with a long wavelength includes two kinds of carrier-transport compounds having properties of transporting carriers with different polarities. Further, in the light-emitting element, the triplet excitation energy of a host material included in the light-emitting layer emitting light with a short wavelength is higher than the triplet excitation energy of at least one of the carrier-transport compounds.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes on a substrate a plurality of light emitting elements in which an organic layer including a white light emitting layer is sandwiched between a lower transparent electrode and an upper electrode, and further includes a reflection layer and an optical interference layer provided between the light emitting elements and the substrate, wherein the optical interference layer is made of a material having a lower refractive index than the refractive index of the light emitting layer and the ratio (nr/nb) of a refractive index (nr) with respect to a red wavelength region to a refractive index (nb) with respect to a blue wavelength region is less than 0.95, and the orders of interference m for blue, green, and red wavelength regions are 5, 4, and 3, respectively, when the optical distance from the light emitting layer to the reflection layer is (2m+1)?/4±(?)?.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a first conductive line positioned outside a display area of a substrate. A passivation layer covers a portion of the first conductive line. A second conductive line is positioned between the display area and the first conductive line, overlapping the first connection line and including a hole. The hole of the second conductive line overlaps one of at least one opening. A passivation layer is interposed between the second conductive line and a first connection line. Overlapping areas between the first and second conductive lines outside of the display area are decreased, and thus, an occurrence of a short circuit in the display apparatus is decreased.

Abstract: An organic light emitting diode display including a first substrate; a first electrode on the first substrate; an organic light emitting layer on the first electrode; a second electrode on the organic light emitting layer; and a capping layer on the second electrode, wherein the capping layer includes at least one heterocyclic compound, the heterocyclic compound including a carbazole group and a heterocyclic group bonded with the carbazole group.

Abstract: A flexible display apparatus includes a flexible display panel which includes a flexible display substrate having an active area and an inactive area outside the active area. The inactive area which extends from the active layer and includes a bending area foldable or adapted to be folded in a first direction. The bending area includes a deformation unit that includes a plurality of unit deformable portions such that the flexible display panel is foldable or adapted to be folded in a second direction. The flexible display substrate may include an encapsulation layer on the flexible display substrate. The flexible display apparatus may include a functional layer on a side of the flexible display panel. A folded end portion of the flexible display panel may be on the functional layer. The flexible display apparatus may also include a driving unit.

Abstract: A flexible display device includes a cover member having a bending area and a non-bending area. The non-bending area is disposed on opposite sides of the bending area. The bending area is bent or folded about a bending axis. A display panel is disposed under both the bending area and the non-bending area of the cover member. The display panel has a smaller area than that of the cover member. An auxiliary member is disposed alongside the display panel, and under the bending area of the cover member, such that a width of the cover member is substantially equal to a width of the display panel plus a width of the auxiliary member.

Abstract: Disclosed are an organic light emitting device and a method of fabricating the same. The method of fabricating an organic light emitting device comprises forming a flexible substrate, and forming an organic light emitting layer on the flexible substrate. The forming the flexible substrate comprises, forming a first polymer pattern on a first metal layer, forming a second metal layer on an exposed portion of the first metal layer through the first polymer pattern, forming a gas barrier layer on the first polymer pattern and the second metal layer, forming a second polymer layer on the gas barrier layer, and removing the first metal layer to expose a surface of the first polymer pattern and a surface of the second metal layer.

Abstract: There is provided a flexible display having a plurality of innovations configured to allow bending of a portion or portions to reduce apparent border size and/or utilize the side surface of an assembled flexible display.

Abstract: The present invention provides a transparent displaying apparatus, which includes a transparent display (30/40) and a liquid crystal twisting layer (20) arranged on a back surface of the transparent display (30/40). The liquid crystal twisting layer (20) includes therein liquid crystal molecules that selectively exhibit two states of arrangement including a first one of being substantially perpendicular to the transparent display (30/40) and a second one of being substantially parallel to the transparent display (30/40).

Abstract: An electroluminescent device described herein, in one aspect, comprises a first electrode and second electrode and a light emitting layer positioned between the first and second electrodes. A current injection gate is positioned between the first electrode and the light emitting layer or the second electrode and the light emitting layer. In some embodiments, the current injection gate comprises a semiconductor layer of electronic structure restricting injected current flow from the first or second electrode through the semiconductor layer as a function of alternating current voltage frequency applied to the first and second electrodes.

Abstract: Disclosed are a secondary battery and a method for manufacturing the same. According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a secondary battery, including: an exterior material which includes a pouch film and a sealing portion formed at an outer side of the pouch film; and an electrode assembly which includes a plurality of electrode bodies laminated with a separator interposed therebetween and are packaged by the exterior material, wherein a pair of forming portions are formed within the pouch film to house the electrode assembly, and a predetermined interval is formed between the pair of forming portions.

Abstract: Provided is a battery packaging material that comprises a laminated body formed by sequentially stacking at least a base layer, a metal layer, and a sealant layer, and that has a thin overall thickness, and has excellent formability and piercing strength. This battery packaging material comprises a laminated body formed by sequentially stacking at least a base layer, a metal layer, and a sealant layer, with the overall thickness of the laminated body being 50-80 ?m, and the ratio of the sum of the thicknesses of the base layer and the metal layer with respect to the overall thickness of the laminated body being in a range of 0.380-0.630.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery is disclosed. In one aspect, the battery includes a case, an electrode terminal connected to the case and having a first exposed area, and an insulation gasket interposed between the electrode terminal and the case and partially covered by the electrode terminal. The insulation gasket has a second exposed area, and the second exposed area is greater than or equal to the first exposed area.

Abstract: A battery module includes a housing that defines an inner volume and includes an airflow path from an aperture formed in a first end member of the housing, through the inner volume, to an aperture formed in a second end member of the housing; power cells mounted in the inner volume of the housing, where each of the power cells includes a vent member; and a barrier that at least partially interrupts a fluid pathway that extends between the vent members and at least one of the aperture formed in the first end member or the aperture formed in the second end member of the housing. The power cells are directionally mounted in the volume such that the vent members face an offset direction relative to at least one of the aperture formed in the first end member or the aperture formed in the second end member of the housing.

Abstract: A lithium battery cell capable of exhausting a gas includes a battery cell with an opening for discharging the gas, and an exhaust structure combined to the battery cell and having a tube sleeve, a stop portion and a plug. The tube sleeve is installed to the opening of the battery cell; the stop portion is disposed at an end of the tube sleeve and has an exhaust end communicated with the tube sleeve and the outside; the plug is installed into the tube sleeve to block a side opening of the tube sleeve, blocked by the stop portion to prevent it from separating from the tube sleeve, and pushed by the gas to release its connection with the tube sleeve; and a gap is formed between the plug and the tube sleeve to allow the gas to flow through and exit from the exhaust vent to the outside.

Abstract: A degassing hole is formed in a casing in which a storage element is housed. Prior to forming the degassing hole, the casing is clamped in a region between the outer peripheral edge of the casing and the storage element where the degassing hole is to be formed such that overlapped films of the casing are pressed tightly together. By displacing the acting position of the clamping force toward the storage element while reducing the clamping force gradually toward the storage element prevent, liquid spill in a degassing process is prevented.

Abstract: A transport device for lithium batteries in an aircraft, in particular in a hold, includes a container and a lid, lithium batteries being arranged in the container and the lid closing the container during transport of the lithium batteries. A shutoff valve neutralizes electrolyte released by the lithium batteries within the container or conveys the electrolyte to the outside.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to lithium ion transport media for use in separators in lithium ion batteries, and the membranes, separators, and devices derived therefrom.

Abstract: A lithium-ion conducting, solid electrolyte is deposited on a thin, flexible, porous alumina membrane which is placed between co-extensive facing side surfaces of a porous, lithium-accepting, negative electrode and a positive electrode formed of a porous layer of particles of a compound of lithium, a transition metal element, and optionally, another metal element. A liquid electrolyte formed, for example, of LiPF6 dissolved in an organic solvent, infiltrates the electrode materials of the two porous electrodes for transport of lithium ions during cell operation. But the solid electrolyte permits the passage of only lithium ions, and the negative electrode is protected from damage by transition metal ions or other chemical species produced in the positive electrode of the lithium-ion cell.

Abstract: A battery-pack case includes the following: a metal base; a container that has an opening in the top surface thereof, accommodates a battery pack, and is affixed to the metal base; a lid that closes the opening in the container; a positive-electrode bus bar and a negative-electrode bus bar provided on an exterior surface of the container, with a conductive member connected to each of the bus bars; and a plurality of wires that lead inside the container from the outside thereof. The wires are routed between the positive-electrode bus bar and the negative-electrode bus bar so as not to interfere with the aforementioned conductive members.

Abstract: A battery assembly according to a non-limiting aspect of the present disclosure includes, among other things, a busbar, an array of battery cells including an electrical terminal, and a quick connect assembly mechanically and electrically coupling the busbar to the electrical terminal.

Abstract: A wiring module is for attachment to a power storage element group in which multiple power storage elements are arranged in a line. The wiring module includes an insulating protector having an electrical wire holding portion that holds electrical wires that detect the state of the power storage elements, and a bending member that is provided at a position connected to the electrical wire holding portion, and has a hinge that is bent in a direction that intersects the electrical wire holding portion. The electrical wires are fixed to the bending member. The bending member has a locked portion that is locked to the insulating protector in a state of being bent by the hinge.

Abstract: A connection module according to which positional movement of each housing unit can be performed independently and sagging can be suppressed. A connection module that is to be attached to a power storage element group formed by aligning multiple power storage elements includes: bus bars that are to be connected between electrode terminals of the power storage elements; multiple box-shaped housing units that insulate and house the bus bars; and multiple U-springs that are provided between a pair of opposing wall portions of adjacent housing units and that couple the adjacent housing units such that the distance between the adjacent housing units can extend and contract. The U-springs each include a U-portion and a pair of base end portions that are located on both ends of the U-portion and connect to the pair of wall portions. The multiple U-springs include at least two U-springs whose pairs of base end portions are at different positions in a height direction.