Abstract: The present invention provides a polymerizable liquid crystal composition capable of forming a uniform homeotropic alignment in producing a polymer through polymerization of the polymerizable liquid crystal composition. Further, the present invention provides a polymer obtained through polymerization of the polymerizable liquid crystal composition and having good alignment performance and high durability (retardation retention) with little cissing, and an optically anisotropic body using the polymer. Specifically, the present invention provides a polymerizable liquid crystal composition containing a polymerizable liquid crystal compound represented by the general formula (II-1), one or more kinds of polymerizable liquid crystal compounds (II-2) having one polymerizable functional group and/or one or more kinds of polymerizable liquid crystal compounds having 2 or more polymerizable functional groups in the molecule and represented by the general formula (I-1).

Abstract: A curved liquid crystal display includes a first substrate, a second substrate overlapping the first substrate, a liquid crystal layer positioned between the first substrate and the second substrate and including a plurality of liquid crystal molecules, and a lower protrusion positioned between the first substrate and the liquid crystal layer, the lower protrusion being formed from at least one among a first compound represented by Chemical Formula 1, a polymer obtained from the first compound, and a polymer of the first compound and a cross-linker.

Abstract: A process of forming a resveratrol-based flame retardant small molecule with a phosphonate/phosphinate molecule that includes a chloride group and a terminal functional group.

Abstract: A cross-linkable flame retardant material includes a terminal furan-containing flame retardant moiety. The terminal furan-containing flame retardant moiety includes a furan moiety bonded to a phosphorus moiety via a phosphoryl linkage or via a phosphinyl linkage.

Abstract: Coke oven wall structures are provided with a pair of interconnected opposed first and second block components, each of which is generally an asymmetrical T-shaped unitary structure having an interior wall element integrally formed at substantially a right angle to a side wall element. The interior wall element of each of the first and second block components includes a terminal end defining reverse mirror images of respective L-shaped notches which establish corresponding protruding finger elements. In such a manner, each of the protruding finger elements of the first and second block components is received within the L-shaped recesses of the second and first block components, respectively, when such components are positioned in opposition to one another.

Abstract: Coke oven corbel structures are provided with a multiple number of stacked refractory slabs defining a corresponding multiple number of tiers of the corbel structure. The multiple number of stacked refractory slabs define a pair of substantially vertically oriented central fuel gas passageways and pairs of combustion air passageways laterally of a respective one of the central fuel gas passageways.

Abstract: A method for producing mesophase pitch includes the steps of flushing a vessel with an at least substantially inert gas to remove air and oxygen from the vessel; charging the vessel with a hydrocarbon feed; pressurizing the vessel to an initial increased pressure; heating the vessel to a pre-determined temperature; and maintaining the vessel at the pre-determined temperature for an amount of time operable to upgrade the hydrocarbon feed to a product comprising mesophase pitch.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and a system for producing bio-derived aromatic hydrocarbons from a renewable resource. More particularly, the disclosure provides for the co-location of a biomass reactor unit and an aromatization reactor unit to produce benzene from a renewable source such as plant mass. Hexane produced from cellulose in the biomass reactor unit can be converted to benzene in the aromatization reactor unit and hydrogen produced in the aromatization reactor unit can be used in the biomass reactor unit. Also described is the use of a mixture of bio-derived hexane produced from cellulose and naphtha in an aromatization process.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for converting mixed waste plastic into liquid fuels and waxes by catalytic cracking. The process comprises the steps of introducing mixed waste plastic and a catalyst comprising a zeolite-type catalyst within a reactor; allowing at least a portion of the mixed waste plastic to be converted to liquid fuels and waxes within the reactor; and removing a product stream containing said liquid fuels and waxes from the reactor.

Abstract: A hydrogen sulfide (H2S) scavenging system for removing H2S, mercaptans, and/or other sulfur-containing compounds from a natural gas stream. A co-current contacting system is located in-line within a pipe and receives the natural gas stream and a liquid scavenger stream. The co-current contacting system includes a co-current contactor including a droplet generator and a mass transfer section. The droplet generator generates droplets from the liquid scavenger stream and disperses the droplets into the natural gas stream. The mass transfer section provides a mixed, two-phase flow having a vapor phase and a liquid phase. The liquid phase includes the liquid scavenger stream with H2S, mercaptans, and/or other sulfur-containing compounds absorbed from the natural gas stream, and the vapor phase includes the natural gas stream. A separation system separates the vapor phase from the liquid phase.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for a simulated moving bed to adsorb and separate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Zeolite, metal oxide and metal-modified materials are employed as adsorbent. Firstly, diesel oil flows through pre-treatment adsorbent to remove the trace amount of impurities. Secondly, the purified diesel oil flows through the simulated moving bed so that the PAHs can be separated from diesel oil. In this process, the valves are switched periodically, leading to the relative movement of adsorption beds. At the same time, desorbent is pumped into the equipment to wash out PAHs, achieving the continuous adsorption-regeneration operation. Thirdly, simple distillation is employed to separate desorbent from clean diesel oil and PAHs, respectively. Finally, the fractions of clean diesel oil and PAHs can be obtained, respectively. The separated desorbent can be recycled. The PAHs removal rate can reach to 90%.

Abstract: Methods and catalysts are provided for performing dewaxing of diesel boiling range fractions, such as trim dewaxing, that allow for production of diesel boiling range fuels with improved cold flow properties at desirable yields. In some aspects, the methods can include use of dewaxing catalysts based on an MEL framework structure (ZSM-11) to provide improved dewaxing activity. This can provide sufficient dewaxing activity to achieve a desired level of improvement in cold flow properties at the lower hydrotreating temperatures that are generally desired near the start of operation of a hydrotreating reactor. In other aspects, the methods can include use of MEL dewaxing catalysts with reduced ratios of molecular sieve to binder so that trim dewaxing can be provided while maintaining a desirable yield under end-of-run hydrotreating conditions.

Abstract: The present invention describes a process for hydrocracking at least one hydrocarbon feed in which at least 50% by weight of the compounds have an initial boiling point of more than 300° C. and a final boiling point of less than 540° C. using at least one catalyst comprising at least one metal from group VIB and/or at least one metal from group VIII of the periodic classification of the elements and a support comprising at least one zeolite containing at least one series of channels the opening of which is defined by a ring containing 12 oxygen atoms (12MR), and at least one binder, said support being prepared from a highly dispersible alumina gel, said hydrocracking process being operated at a temperature in the range 200° C. to 480° C.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for managing the operation of a plant, such as a chemical plant or a petrochemical plant or a refinery, and more particularly for enhancing system performance of a catalyzed reaction system by, among other features, detecting catalyst deactivation and cycle length. Plants may include those that provide hydrocarbon cracking or other process units. A plant may include a reactor, a heater, a catalyst bed, a separator, and other equipment. The equipment may use catalyst to treat feed products to remove compounds and produce different products. Catalysts used in the various reactors in these processes become deactivated over time. Systems and methods are disclosed for extending catalyst life and thereby improving efficiency of the plant.

Abstract: Systems and processes for hydrotreating, splitting, and extracting a gasoil feed to produce a saturate-rich feedstock for olefin pyrolysis are provided. A gasoil feed is provided to a hydrotreating section to produce an ultralow sulfur distillate (ULSD) stream. The ULSD stream is provided to a splitter section to produce a light distillate stream and a heavy bottom stream. The light distillate stream is provided to an extraction section to produce an aromatic-rich extract phase and a saturate-rich raffinate phase. The raffinate phase is mixed with the heavy bottom stream to produce an olefin pyrolysis feedstock having a reduced BMCI as compared to the gasoil feed stream and the ULSD stream.

Abstract: A process for hydrocracking hydrocarbon-containing VD feedstocks allowing the improved production of middle distillates: a) hydrocracking of feedstocks in hydrogen and at least one hydrocracking catalyst, b) gas/liquid separation of effluent originating from a) producing a liquid effluent and a gaseous effluent with hydrogen, c) comprising the gaseous effluent before recycling into hydrocracking a), d) fractionation of liquid effluent into at least one effluent of converted hydrocarbon-containing products having boiling points less than 340° C. and an unconverted liquid fraction having a boiling point greater than 340° C., e) hydrocracking unconverted liquid fraction from d), in hydrogen and a hydrocracking catalyst, f) hydrotreating effluent from e) in a mixture with a hydrocarbon-containing gas-oil liquid feedstock having at least 95% by weight of compounds boiling at a boiling point between 150 and 400° C., hydrotreating f) operating in hydrogen and with at least one hydrotreating catalyst.

Abstract: A system for co-processing crude oil with residuum includes an ebullated bed hydrocracking unit; an atmospheric distillation column fluidly coupled to the ebullated bed hydrocracking unit; a vacuum distillation column fluidly coupled to the atmospheric distillation column and the ebullated bed hydrocracking unit; and a deasphalting unit fluidly coupled to the vacuum distillation column and the ebullated bed hydrocracking unit; and a control system communicably coupled to the ebullated bed hydrocracking unit, the atmospheric distillation column, the vacuum distillation column, and the deasphalting unit. The control system is configured to perform operations including operating the deasphalting unit to produce a first cut that includes deasphalting oil, a second cut that includes resin oil, and a third cut that includes asphaltene.

Abstract: An integrated process to convert crude oil into petrochemical products by subjecting the crude oil to crude oil distillation to produce gases fraction, naphtha, kerosene, gasoil and resid; subjecting resid to resid upgrading to produce LPG, light-distillate and middle-distillate; subjecting at least a portion of one or more of the group consisting of middle-distillate produced by resid upgrading, kerosene and gasoil to middle-distillate hydrocracking to produce LPG, light-distillate and hydrowax; and subjecting at least a portion of one or more of the group consisting of light-distillate produced by resid upgrading, light-distillate produced by middle-distillate hydrocracking and hydrowax to steam cracking. A process installation for performing the process of the present invention is also provided, and together allow conversion of crude oil into petrochemical products having an improved carbon-efficiency, while maintaining a high ethylene yield and a favourable ethylene:propylene ratio.

Abstract: Described herein are systems and methods for evaluating and mitigating the fouling potential of a given crude oil. The system and methods enable the refiner to rapidly and readily identify the particular mechanisms by which a crude oil may foul, and to select the optimal chemical treatment and/or crude blend to mitigate fouling potential.

Abstract: In order to suppress corrosion of an extractor caused by corrosive ions contained in an aromatic compound extraction solvent of a circulation system, a method for reducing corrosive ions in an aromatic compound extraction solvent is provided, by which the corrosive ions in the aromatic compound extraction solvent are conveniently and efficiently reduced. A method for reducing corrosive ions in an aromatic compound extraction solvent in a circulation system where the aromatic compound extraction solvent circulates, the corrosive ions being at least one kind selected from the group consisting of chloride ions, sulfate ions, and sulfite ions, the method comprising: a step of forming a non-volatile salt by adding a corrosive ion scavenger to react the corrosive ions with the corrosive ion scavenger, and a step of removing the salt resulting from concentrating the solvent comprising the salt.

Abstract: This slag discharge system (1) includes: a slag hopper (5) of a coal gasifier (2); a slag discharge line (7) that discharges a mixture of slag and slag water (W); a slag separation device (10) that separates the slag from the mixture of slag and slag water (W); a circulation pump (24) that forms a water flow from the slag hopper (5) to the slag separation device (10) in the slag discharge line (7); a lock hopper (14) that stores slag which has been separated at the slag separation device (10) and discharges the same out of the coal gasifier (2) system: a slag discharge valve (15) that is provided on a lower outlet of the lock hopper (14); and a slag water return flow line (20) for returning the slag water (W) which has been separated at the slag separation device (10) to the slag hopper.

Abstract: Emissions of mercury, NOx, and/or SOx are reduced by enzyme treating coal before combustion, optionally with further treatment of the coal with certain non-bromine containing powder sorbents. y using the steps together, mercury can be reduced by 40% or more, and NOx by 20% or more. Advantageously, no bromine is introduced with the remediation steps.

Abstract: The current invention is a kit including a structure and fuel. The structure has a circular base, a hollow central tube, handle, and a wick that runs from down the central cube to a fire starter composite at the center of the base. The fuel consists of a fire starter tinder composite, small, medium, and large fuels. All fuels are responsibly harvested and safe for transport.

Abstract: A fire-starter device for survival, emergency, or convenience that incorporates a paper cup portion filled with wax with one (1) or more wicks embedded in the hardened wax with tinder material comprising the top layer. The paper cup is designed and built to allow it to hold hot liquid wax without leaking. The wax is paraffin and/or beeswax and/or other blend. The wicks are of jute or similar material. The tinder is made of fatwood shavings or similar combustible.

Abstract: A sliding member (excluding that used for an image forming apparatus), which can maintain a satisfactory friction coefficient and reduce generation of a rubbing sound (noise) caused by a continuously sliding member, is provided. A component and a mechanical apparatus using the sliding member, and a method for reducing noise caused from a mechanical apparatus, are also provided. Additionally, a coating agent composition is provided for preparing the sliding member. The sliding member has a lubricating film contacting another member, wherein an arithmetic average roughness Ra based on JIS B0601 (2001) of a surface of the lubricating film is from 0.01-1.0 ?m, and the lubricating film comprises 100 parts by mass of a coat-formable resin binder (A) and 5 to 200 parts by mass of a solid lubricant (B).

Abstract: Provided is a lubricant for magnetic recording medium, where the lubricant includes an ionic liquid including an anionic component and a cationic component, wherein the anionic component includes a fluorine-containing chain having a number average molecular weight of 1,500 or less, the cationic component is a cation of cyclic amidine, and the cation of the cyclic amidine includes a fluorine-containing chain that is either a perfluoroalkyl chain or a perfluoropolyether chain.

Abstract: A method of preparing an article having a slippery surface includes providing a metal-containing surface, chemically modifying the metal-containing surface to roughen the metal-containing surface, and disposing a lubricating layer on the roughened metal-containing surface, wherein the lubricating layer is substantially stabilized on the roughened metal-containing surface.

Abstract: An anticorrosive agent including: a high-consistency material having a lubricant base oil and an amide compound, a composition of a phosphorus compound comprising one or more compounds represented by the general formulae (1) and (2) and a metal, and at least one kind of resin selected from a rosin-based resin, a terpene resin, a terpene phenol resin, a phenol resin, a coumarone-indene resin, and a petroleum resin, wherein a mass ratio of the high-consistency material and the composition is within a range of 50:50 to 98:2, and a content of resin is 2 to 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total of the high-consistency material and the composition.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a coolant, present as an emulsion in the form of a concentrate, for machining fiber-reinforced plastics and material combinations containing fiber-reinforced plastics and metals; furthermore, the present invention also concerns a coolant, present as a solution in the form of concentrate, for machining fiber-reinforced plastics.

Abstract: The passage of a container along a conveyor is lubricated by applying to the container or conveyor a mixture of a water-miscible silicone material and a water-miscible lubricant. The mixture can be applied in relatively low amounts, to provide thin, substantially non-dripping lubricating films. In contrast to dilute aqueous lubricants, the lubricants of the invention provide drier lubrication of the conveyors and containers, a cleaner conveyor line and reduced lubricant usage, thereby reducing waste, cleanup and disposal problems.

Abstract: Methods for producing oil from distillers corn oil having high free fatty acid content are provided. In the method, distiller's corn oil is treated with a mixture including an alcohol to result in a low-free fatty acid oily phase and an alcohol phase. The mixture may also include an alkali. The alcohol may be a monohydric alcohol and an aqueous alcohol, such as an aqueous alcohol having a concentration of at least about 15% alcohol-by-weight. The low-free fatty acid phase may include oil and at least one impurity. The low-free fatty acid phase may be cooled, and the oil may be separated from the at least one impurity.

Abstract: Methods for producing oil from distillers corn oil having high free fatty acid content are provided. In the method, distiller's corn oil is treated with a mixture including an alcohol to result in a low-free fatty acid oily phase and an alcohol phase. The mixture may also include an alkali. The alcohol may be a monohydric alcohol and an aqueous alcohol, such as an aqueous alcohol having a concentration of at least about 15% alcohol-by-weight. The low-free fatty acid phase may include oil and at least one impurity. The low-free fatty acid phase may be cooled, and the oil may be separated from the at least one impurity using membrane filtration.

Abstract: A method of use of a compound of formula (I) in the form of any one of its stereoisomers or a mixture thereof as a perfuming ingredient to impart to a perfuming composition or perfuming consumer product an odor note of woody, cedar/ambery character optionally having a thujonic aromatic character.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes for recovering/extracting oil from fermentation product production processes based on starch-containing material, wherein an alpha-amylase, a high dosage of protease, and optionally a glucoamylase, are present and/or added in liquefaction. The invention also relates to processes for producing fermentation products and to enzyme compositions suitable for use in processes of the invention.

Abstract: A stable liquid detergent composition containing a self-structuring surfactant system. A liquid detergent composition that includes a linear alkyl benzene sulfonate, and a co-surfactant selected from a zwitterionic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant, a branched non-ionic surfactant and mixture thereof, with a first viscosity of no less than 3000 mPa·s measured at a first shear rate of 0.5 s?1, and a second viscosity of no more than 2,500 mPa·s measured at a second shear rate of 20 s?1, and the ratio of the first viscosity to the second viscosity is no less than 3.

Abstract: Detergent compositions including: one or more sulfates selected from sodium laureth sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate, and combinations thereof; disodium ricinoleamido MEA-sulfosuccinate; and one or more sulfobetaines.

Abstract: The present invention relates to fabric softener active compositions comprising a combination of a mixture of quarternary ester ammonium compounds and fatty solvents ( a fatty acid ester, a fatty acid, a fatty alcohol and mixtures thereof) and methods of making and using the same. The fabric softener active compositions preferably comprise component (a), said component being a mixture of quarternary ester ammonium compounds obtained by esterification of a mixture of alkanolamines comprises at least a trialkanolamine and a monoalkyldialkanolamine; component (b), said component being a fatty acid ester or a mixture of fatty acid esters, wherein the component (b) content is in the range from 5 to 60% wt. based on the total weight of the fabric softener active composition; and a component (c), said component being a fatty acid or a mixture of fatty acids, wherein the component (c) content is in the range from 0 to 15% wt. based on the total weight of the fabric softener active composition.

Abstract: A detergent for eye glasses which does not damage an anti-stain coating on the glasses, is disclosed. The detergent comprises a silane mixture with a weight percentage of 23% to 32% and a surfactant with a weight percentage of 68% to 77%, the silane mixture comprises hydrophobic silane compounds and alcohol compounds.

Abstract: A new formulation designed to lift mold, scale, rust & lime from smooth surfaces is presented which contains less than 3% VOC materials. The composition is non-toxic and easy to apply, including an optional thickened solution to be used for sloping or vertical surfaces, to minimize run-off. Optionally, a proprietary repellancy treatment component can be added to this composition to increase the composition's hydrophobic and oleophobic capabilities after application to surfaces.

Abstract: A phosphate-free automatic dishwashing cleaning composition including from about 10% to about 60% by weight thereof of a builder system consisting of: i) a complexing agent selected from the group consisting of methyl glycine diacetic acid, its salts and derivatives thereof, glutamic-N,N-diacetic acid, its salts and derivatives thereof, iminodisuccinic acid, its salts and derivatives thereof, carboxy methyl inulin, its salts and derivatives thereof; and mixtures thereof; and ii) an itaconic/sulfonic polymer wherein the builder system comprises more than 40% by weight thereof of the complexing agent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a phosphate-free automatic dishwashing cleaning composition including an alkaline-metal carbonate and a builder system consisting of: i) a complexing agent selected from the group consisting of methyl glycine diacetic acid, its salts and derivatives thereof, glutamic-N,N-diacetic acid, its salts and derivatives thereof, iminodisuccinic acid, its salts and derivatives thereof carboxy methyl inulin, its salts and derivatives thereof; and ii) an itaconic/sulfonic polymer; wherein the weight ratio of the carbonate to the builder system is at least 1.5:1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a phosphate-free automatic dishwashing cleaning including having a protease and an itaconic/sulfonic polymer including monomer units derived from styrenesulfonic acid and/or monomer units derived from 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane-sulfonic acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of enzyme technology, in particular the optimization of surfactant-enzyme mixtures, as used, for example, in washing or cleaning agents. The invention relates to an agent, in particular a washing or cleaning agent, which contains at least one enzyme and a special surfactant mixture. The present invention further relates to a method for cleaning textiles or hard surfaces and to the use of the agent according to the invention for removing stains.

Abstract: A multi-composition system that includes a first composition having a bleaching system, and a second composition having core-in-shell encapsulates, where the shell includes acrylate material, and where the core includes a benefit agent. Related methods of treating a fabric.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for evaluating the application of a composition comprising an active compound to a hard surface or skin are provided. Active compounds include an antimicrobial compounds, drug compounds, and consumer product compounds. The compositions comprise at least one UV indicator that will visibly fluoresce upon exposure to a source of UV light. Provided are: (i) concentrate compositions comprising a fragrance and a UV indicator, (ii) concentrate compositions comprising at least one active compound and a UV indicator, (iii) concentrate compositions comprising a fragrance, a UV indicator and at least one active compound, and (iv) diluted and ready to use compositions comprising water, a fragrance, a UV indicator and at least one active compound. Methods for determining if a composition comprising an active compound and a UV indicators has been applied to surface are provided wherein areas of the surface having the composition applied thereto visibly fluoresce upon exposure to UV radiation.

Abstract: A novel minimum boiling binary azeotrope of n-undecane and n-butyl-3-hydroxybutyrate is shown to have utility as a solvent for degreasing of both nonpolar and polar contaminants. The components of the azeotrope are stable against degradation and the composition is largely invariant with pressure, yielding a unique solvent that can be used in cold cleaning and in vapor degreasing at elevated temperatures and over a wide range of pressures.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for removing spores from skin, the method including dispensing an effective amount of a composition into or onto an article, wherein the composition includes water and from about 0.04 wt % to about 4 wt % polymeric cationic antimicrobial, nonionic antimicrobial or combinations thereof; contacting a skin surface with the composition; mechanically acting on the skin surface for at least one (1) second while the skin surface is in the presence of the composition; and removing at least a portion of the composition from the surface of the skin, wherein removing the composition also removes spores from the skin surface.

Abstract: The present invention relates to liquid fabric care compositions obtained by a process comprising the steps of preparing an aqueous salt solution; preparing a perfume solution by mixing a perfume with an alcohol. The present invention further relates to a process of making a liquid fabric care composition and the use of a liquid fabric care composition to provide a pleasant smell to fabrics.

Abstract: When an alkali-free glass is polished with a polishing liquid containing hydrofluoric acid as a main component, a sludge is generated on a glass surface and in a storage unit and a pipe of a polishing device. As a result, there arise problems such as deterioration of quality and stopping of the device. A washing liquid that dissolves a sludge containing aluminum and fluorine produced in a glass polishing device is characterized by containing Al3+ ions, and a sludge formed by bonding a divalent element such as Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba with Al and F can be dissolved with this washing liquid. The problems are solved by washing the inside of the polishing device with this washing liquid.

Abstract: A Low-VOC, water-based hard surface polish and protectant containing water, isoparaffinic hydrocarbon, white oil, D-Limonene Trisopropanolomine, and Span 80. The VOC content of this composition is less than or equal to 3.00%. Optionally, a proprietary repellancy treatment component can be added to this composition to increase the composition's hydrophobic and oleophobic capabilities after application to surfaces.