Abstract: A method of quantifying an autoantibody includes the steps of reacting a biological sample containing the autoantibody as a test substance with an antigen that is specifically recognized by and bound to the autoantibody, in competition with a known amount of a competition antibody that competes with the autoantibody for binding to the antigen; reacting the autoantibody bound to the antigen with a detection antibody that recognizes and binds to the autoantibody, but does not recognize the competition antibody; measuring a signal derived from the detection antibody bound to the autoantibody; and calculating an amount of the autoantibody contained in the biological sample by utilizing, as an index therefor, an amount of the competition antibody that provides 50% reduction of the signal derived from the detection antibody which is bound to the autoantibody in absence of the competition antibody.

Abstract: A system and method for providing improved therapeutic treatments and improved clinical trials for therapeutic treatments involves the predicting of a placebo response or effect by appreciation of the condition of and variances to the microbiome of individuals involved in drug efficacy studies. The provision of purportedly neutral placebos, such a “sugar pill”, has an effect on the microbes in a person's body, and therefore often has an effect on the person's wellbeing and perception of treatment. An appreciation that there is an actual effect due to the modification of the microbiome, caused by the administration of the placebo, forms a basis for various methods and systems of the present invention, with such appreciation being employed to design and conduct better drug efficacy studies without the prior problems experienced due to the placebo effect.

Abstract: A centripetal microfluidic platform comprised of a microfluidics disc and a reader for testing LAL-reactive substances in fluid samples is provided. The microfluidic disc may comprise at least two testing areas wherein each testing area includes a reservoir portion for receiving at least one fluid sample. The disc may comprise a distribution network portion in fluid communication with the reservoir portion. Each distribution network portion may comprise a distribution network of at least four (4) channels, wherein each channel has a metering portion and at least one analysis chamber portion. The analysis chamber portion may comprise a mixing chamber for mixing samples and reagents and an optical chamber portion that is compatible with an optical reader. The metering portion may be sized to meter an aliquot of the fluid sample for analysis in the analysis chamber portion. At least one analysis chamber portion has at least one reagent isolated therein.

Abstract: Provided is a peptide for targeting gastric cancer, a composition for diagnosing radioresponsiveness-dependent gastric cancer using the peptide, and a drug delivery use of the peptide, wherein a functional peptide capable of targeting cancer has been discovered so as to implement personalized diagnosis and treatment for individual patients having cancer, consideration of problems occurring during treatment in which treatment cases of respective patients differ due to different therapeutic responses resulting from genetic differences in the individual patients.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a colorectal cancer diagnostic composition and method for detecting a diagnostic marker, more specifically to a colorectal cancer diagnostic composition comprising one or more mRNAs selected from the group consisting of lysyl-tRNA synthetase (KRS) and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase complex-interacting multifunctional protein 1 (AIMP1) of a preparation for measuring protein expression levels thereof, and a method for detecting a marker form a sample obtained from a test subject in order to provide information necessary for diagnosing colorectal cancer. The colorectal cancer diagnostic marker comprising KRS and AIMP1, according to the present invention, has raised expression levels of same in the serum of a colorectal cancer patient in comparison to a normal control group. Therefore, whether colorectal cancer is present can be accurately and rapidly determined by measuring the expression levels of one or more markers selected from the group consisting of KRS and AIMP1.

Abstract: The present invention provides a binding moiety which selectively binds to Sox11 protein and/or mRNA for imaging, diagnosis or prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Optionally, the moiety is an antibody or antigen binding fragment thereof. Advantageously, moiety comprises a further, readily detectable moiety. The invention also provides methods of imaging EOC cells as well as methods of diagnosing or prognosing EOC in an individual.

Abstract: Various protein markers can be used as post-treatment relapse predictors in HER2 positive breast cancer. Notably, these markers appear to be independent of the size of the tumor, metastasis status, grade, and hormone receptor status. In addition, HER2 quantities were in large part not correlated with likelihood of relapse.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are embodiments of a signaling conjugate, embodiments of a method of using the signaling conjugates, and embodiments of a kit comprising the signaling conjugate. The disclosed signaling conjugate comprises a latent reactive moiety and a chromogenic moiety that may further comprise a linker suitable for coupling the latent reactive moiety to the chromogenic moiety. The signaling conjugate may be used to detect one or more targets in a biological sample and are capable of being covalently deposited directly on or proximally to the target. Particular disclosed embodiments of the method of using the signaling conjugate comprise multiplexing methods.

Abstract: The present systems and methods introduce deep learning to de novo peptide sequencing from tandem mass spectrometry data. The systems and methods achieve improvements in sequencing accuracy over existing systems and methods and enables complete assembly of novel protein sequences without assisting databases. The present systems and methods are re-trainable to adapt to new sources of data and provides a complete end-to-end training and prediction solution, which is advantageous given the growing massive amount of data. The systems and methods combine deep learning and dynamic programming to solve optimization problems.

Abstract: The invention provides reagents and methods for diagnosing kidney disease in a human or animal.

Abstract: In the present invention, multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) measurements of at least one peptide selected from the group consisting of 14 peptides as biomarkers of cognitive dysfunction diseases contained in a biological sample are performed using a mass spectrometer capable of MS/MS measurement, and the peptide is quantified based on a result thereof. In this case, for each peptide, an MRM transition which is a combination of a mass-to-charge ratio of a precursor ion and a mass-to-charge ratio of a product ion is stored in advance in a storage unit of the mass spectrometer as a measurement condition of the MRM measurement, and the MRM transition is used when cognitive dysfunction disease biomarkers are detected.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention provides a novel method for diagnosing, treating, or preventing a mood disorder. The method includes the step of measuring, by using a fusion protein, a level of the anti-fusion protein antibody in a biological sample.

Abstract: Hemoglobin, its variants, and glycated forms of each are determined individually in a multiplex assay that permits correction of the measured level of HbA1c to account for glycated variants and other factors related to the inclusion of the variants in the sample. New antibodies that are particularly well adapted to the multiplex assay are also provided.

Abstract: Methods and kits-of-parts for determining the quantity of HbA1c relative to the concentration of haemoglobin in a blood sample comprising less than 200 ?l, the method including the steps of adding the fluorophore to the sample and measuring the fluorescence at one or more time points within the time interval, at which the change in fluorescence over time is >0, followed by measurements of haemoglobin by adding a haemoglobin-binding agent and measuring the change in transmission at approximately 570 nm and comparing the obtained results with an internal standard.

Abstract: A human insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein stock solution and method of making the same include a non-recombinant human IGF binding protein-3 (nr-IGFBP-3) in an aqueous buffered medium. The concentration of the nr-IGFBP-3 in the stock solution ranges from about 16 micrograms per milliliter (?g/ml) to about 40 ?g/ml. A kit includes a set of calibrators for nr-IGFBP-3. The set of calibrators includes the nr-IGFBP-3 in different concentrations that are within a range of from about 0.5 ?g/ml to about 16 ?g/ml, which is configured to span a suspected range of IGFBP-3 analyte levels in an immunoassay of patient samples.

Abstract: A microscope slide comprises a substrate disc characterized by a top surface, and a cover glass characterized by a first surface. The substrate disc comprises a first pattern of nano-structures on the top surface; a second pattern of grooves on the top surface; a third pattern of ridges, characterized by a ridge height, on the top surface; and a fourth pattern of microfluidic guidance features. The cover glass comprises a coating of a metallic alloy with non-linear optical properties on the first surface. The cover glass is bonded to the ridges of the substrate disc to form a sealed chamber between the first surface of the cover glass and the top surface of the substrate disc, such that the ridge height determines a height of the sealed chamber. A method of fabricating such a slide and a method of optical interrogation of a fluid sample are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of operating a laboratory sample distribution system is presented. The system comprises container carriers, a gateway having a network interface, and transport modules. Each module comprises a transport surface and are adjacent in a row-direction and column-direction to form a transport surface. The module comprises a driver arranged below the transport surface to move container carriers on the transport surface and left, right, upper and lower network interfaces. The left and right network interfaces connect modules in rows and the upper and lower network interfaces connect modules in columns. The network interface of the gateway is connected to a network interface of a first module. The method comprises sending an explore command from the gateway to the first module, propagating an initialization command from the first module to the remaining modules, storing addresses within the modules, and using the addresses by the gateway to address the modules.

Abstract: Provided is an analysis apparatus having a control part having a preparatory action setting part for determination of whether the first and second controls are performed or the third and fourth controls are performed. The first control sets a sleep-planned part to a sleep state at a first time point when the state of non-use of the analysis apparatus has lasted for a predetermined time length, and then causes performance of a preparatory action by a first predetermined part; the second control resumes the operation of the analysis apparatus when a command signal to resume the operation is received; the third control places a sleep-planned part in a sleep state at a second time point when the state of non-use has lasted for a time length; and the fourth control causes a preparatory action of a second predetermined part to resume operation.

Abstract: An automatic analyzer provided with a probe provided with an opening end for discharging a dispensing liquid, a pump connected to a side opposite to the opening end of the probe, and a dispensing mechanism provided with a drive control unit which controls drive of the pump, in which the drive control unit controls the drive of the pump to realize a discharging speed at which a droplet of the dispensing liquid is formed at the opening end of the probe at an initial stage of discharge drive and a discharging speed at which a liquid column of the dispensing liquid is formed at the opening end of the probe at a later stage of the discharge drive at the time of the discharge drive of the pump to discharge a predetermined amount of dispensing liquid into a dispensing container from the opening end of the probe.

Abstract: An automated method for determining a coagulation result of a biological sample is presented. The method includes obtaining a time series representing measurement data of a sample. The time series spans a period in which a clotting reaction is supposed to take place. The method includes obtaining a global model function configured to model measurement data of a sample in which a clotting reaction takes place. The global model function is configured to model the measurement data as a sigmoidal shape with at least one inflection point. The absolute value of the maximum curvature of the sigmoidal shape is larger on one side of the at least one inflection point than on the other side. The method includes fitting the model function to the time series representing measurement data to obtain a fitted model function and determining a coagulation result of the sample based on the fitted model function.

Abstract: A test apparatus and a control method thereof are provided. The test apparatus includes a storage configured to store information related to a battery provided in the test apparatus, a controller configured to calculate a power consumption rate of the battery changed according to an operation of the test apparatus based on the stored information of battery and configured to determine a current amount of power of the battery based on the calculated power consumption rate of the battery; and a display configured to display the current amount of power of the battery and at least one piece of information related to the operation of the test apparatus based on the determined current amount of power of the battery.

Abstract: This sample rack conveying apparatus is provided with a pusher unit, a linear motion guide, and a conveyance drive mechanism. The pusher unit has a base portion, a moving member, and a base-side guide. The base portion is supported by the linear motion guide so as to be movable in a first guide direction. The moving member is provided with a pusher that pushes a sample rack. The base-side guide supports the moving member such that the moving member is movable in a second guide direction that crosses the first guide direction.

Abstract: A reagent-bottle lid opening mechanism is disclosed, which has a needle for piercing a lid of a reagent bottle to be delivered to a reagent disk, has an aligning mechanism of automatically adjusting a position of the needle with respect to the lid such that a needle body of the needle can stick in the center of the lid, and accurately and repeatedly makes an incision in the center of the lid. As a result, an automatic analyzer is provided that is capable of unsealing the center of the lid of the reagent bottle with accuracy even if the central axis of the needle and the central axis of the lid are offset from each other.

Abstract: An apparatus for a vacuum-driven microfluidic probe includes a body with an apex and a processing surface, at an end of the body. The apparatus also includes a partially open cavity formed as a recess on the processing surface and a set of apertures in the cavity, where the set of apertures include a sample outlet aperture intersected by a vertical axis of the cavity. The apparatus also includes aspiration apertures radially distributed around said vertical axis, wherein the apex is further configured to generate a pressure in the cavity upon aspirating an external liquid through the aspiration apertures that causes to aspirate a liquid sample from the sample outlet aperture, so as to eject the aspirated liquid sample from the probe.

Abstract: Methods of testing HIV viral load are described. The methods comprise detecting HIV viral RNA in a sample of leukocyte-depleted blood. Such methods can be carried out on low-volume samples obtained without the need for venipuncture or a centrifuge. The methods are particularly suited for HIV viral load testing in resource-limited settings. Methods for monitoring HIV infection are also described, as well as kits for carrying out the methods.

Abstract: A pitot tube having an inclined surface according to one embodiment may comprise: a housing which forms the outer appearance of the pitot tube; an opening which is arranged on the front side of the housing to allow a fluid to be injected thereinto; a first flow path which is connected to the opening; a slit which is arranged on the side of the housing to allow the fluid to be introduced thereinto; a second flow path which is connected to the slit; and a heater for heating frozen ice introduced into the opening and the slit to liquefy the ice, wherein the first flow path may be located above the center of the opening. Further, an inclined surface may be provided between the first flow path and the opening such that the liquefied fluid collides with the inclined surface after passing through the opening.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure relate to processing remotely captured sensor data. A computing platform having at least one processor, a communication interface, and memory may receive, via the communication interface, from a user computing device, sensor data captured by the user computing device using one or more sensors built into the user computing device. Subsequently, the computing platform may analyze the sensor data received from the user computing device by executing one or more data processing modules. Then, the computing platform may generate trip record data based on analyzing the sensor data received from the user computing device and may store the trip record data in a trip record database. In addition, the computing platform may generate user record data based on analyzing the sensor data received from the user computing device and may store the user record data in a user record database.

Abstract: A vibration sensor for construction projects has a housing, a low range accelerometer and a high range accelerometer disposed in the housing, and an analog-to-digital conversion circuit connected to the low and high range accelerometers. The low range accelerometer may have a noise floor below 0.0248 g across frequencies up to 1 kHz, especially between 1 Hz and 315 Hz.The high range accelerometer has a maximum acceleration equal to or greater than 50 g across frequencies up to 1 kHz, especially between 1 Hz and 315 Hz.

Abstract: A multi-tip nano-probe apparatus and a method for probing a sample while using the multi-tip nano-probe apparatus each employ located over a substrate: (1) an immovable probe tip with respect to the substrate; (2) a movable probe tip with respect to the substrate; and (3) a motion sensor that is coupled with the movable probe tip. The multi-tip nano-probe apparatus and related method provide for improved sample probing due to close coupling of the motion sensor with the movable probe tip, and also retractability of the movable probe tip with respect to the immovable probe tip.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are provided for automatically controlling and stabilizing aspects of a scanning probe microscope (SPM), such as an atomic force microscope (AFM), using Peak Force Tapping (PFT) Mode. In an embodiment, a controller automatically controls periodic motion of a probe relative to a sample in response to a substantially instantaneous force determined and automatically controls a gain in a feedback loop. A gain control circuit automatically tunes a gain based on separation distances between a probe and a sample to facilitate stability. Accordingly, instability onset is quickly and accurately determined during scanning, thereby eliminating the need of expert user tuning of gains during operation.

Abstract: A method for use in construction of an electronic device and a transistor structure are presented. The method comprising: providing one or more nanotubes grown on a surface of a first substrate; providing a desired electrode arrangement fabricated on a surface of a second substrate. The electrode arrangement comprises at least two elevated source and drain electrodes and one or more gate electrodes located in between said elevated source and drain electrodes. The method also comprises bringing the electrode arrangement on the second substrate to close proximity with the first substrate such that surfaces of the first and second substrates face each other; scanning said first substrate with said electrode arrangement and determining contact of electrodes of the electrode arrangement with a nanotube located on the first substrate; and detaching said nanotube from the first substrate to provide a transistor structure comprising an isolated nanotube between the source and drain electrodes.

Abstract: A cantilever used in a scanning probe microscope includes a supporting section, a lever section, and a protrusion section, which is a probe. A crystalline carbon composite layer including a crystalline carbon nanomaterial and a metal material, a melting point of which is 420° C. or lower, is deposited on a distal end portion of the protrusion section.

Abstract: An adjustable load transmitter for adjusting an alignment between a probe card and a bridge beam of a wafer prober, where the probe card is separated from the bridge beam by a gap. The adjustable load transmitter located in the gap, the adjustable load transmitter comprising two rotatable plates adapted for transmitting a load via a load transmission path between the bridge beam and the wafer prober and each comprising two flat, non-parallel contact faces. The adjustable load transmitter removes an angular misalignment between the bridge beam and the set of plates by rotating each of the rotatable plates about a pre-determined adjustment angle such that two angles of inclination are adjusted to zero. The adjustable load transmitter establishes the load transmission path by closing a clearance between the bridge beam and the contact face.

Abstract: An adjustable load transmitter for adjusting an alignment between a probe card and a bridge beam of a wafer prober, where the probe card is separated from the bridge beam by a gap. The adjustable load transmitter located in the gap, the adjustable load transmitter comprising two rotatable plates adapted for transmitting a load via a load transmission path between the bridge beam and the wafer prober and each comprising two flat, non-parallel contact faces. The adjustable load transmitter removes an angular misalignment between the bridge beam and the set of plates by rotating each of the rotatable plates about a pre-determined adjustment angle such that two angles of inclination are adjusted to zero. The adjustable load transmitter establishes the load transmission path by closing a clearance between the bridge beam and the contact face.

Abstract: A test socket assembly for electrically connecting a contact point to be tested in a test object and a contact point for testing in a testing circuit. The test socket assembly includes: a plurality of signal probes; a socket block including a bottom surface facing toward the testing circuit, a top surface facing toward the test object, a plurality of probe holes for accommodating the plurality of signal probes to be parallel with one another while opposite ends of the signal probes are exposed from the top surface and the bottom surface, and a recessed portion recessed from at least partial area of the top surface and the bottom surface excluding a circumferential area of the probe holes; and an elastic grounding member accommodated in the recessed portion and made of a conductive elastic material to come into contact with at least one of the test object and the testing circuit.

Abstract: A current sensor includes a conductor through which current to be measured flows and which has dimensions in a length direction, a width direction, and a height direction, and first and second magnetic sensors that detect the strength of a magnetic field generated by the current. Each of the first and second magnetic sensors is positioned in an area between first and second conductor portions in the width direction and an area extending from one end to the other end in the height direction of the first and second conductor portions.

Abstract: A magnetic permeable member and a current detection device which can detect current in a wide range by a magnetic field detection element at low cost are provided. A magnetic permeable member includes a closed portion and an opened portion. Thus, when the large current flows through a bus bar, the magnetic field is less likely to be strong at the opened portion, thus the large current is easily detectable by a magnetic field detection element arranged at the opened portion. When the small current flows through the bus bar, the magnetic field is more likely to be strong at the closed portion, thus the small current is easily detectable by a magnetic field detection element arranged at the closed portion. Consequently, the magnetic field detection elements can be commonalized to reduce the cost, while allowing the detection of the current in a wide range.

Abstract: An induction heating apparatus includes a coil driver configured to have a plurality of selectable resonant frequencies, and a controller configured to control the coil driver. The coil driver drives a coil according to a control signal from the controller.

Abstract: A current level extraction method for preventing cutoff is disclosed. The method may include starting a voltage sweep to an interconnection structure at a certain temperature, measuring an initial resistance of the interconnection structure, calculating a measured resistance of the interconnection structure according to a corresponding input voltage, determining whether or not a resistance ratio of the measured resistance of the interconnection structure to the initial resistance is equal to or less than a preset value, updating a current value corresponding to measured resistance to a potential maximum current level and repeating the step of calculating the measured resistance when the resistance ratio of the interconnection structure is equal to or less than the preset value, and setting the current value corresponding to the measured resistance as a maximum current level when the resistance ratio of the interconnection structure is greater than the preset value.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a touch structure, a test method thereof, a touch panel and a display apparatus. In the touch structure, by taking touch driving electrodes as an example, a plurality of third leads which are insulated from each other and are in one-to-one correspondence with various touch driving electrodes are additionally provided, wherein each of the third leads has one terminal electrically connected to a corresponding touch driving electrode and the other terminal serving as a test point for testing whether there is an open circuit on the corresponding touch driving electrode and the corresponding first lead. In this way, two probes may be placed at a test point in a third lead and a first wiring terminal in a binding area respectively when an open circuit test is conducted on each of the touch driving electrodes and a corresponding first lead.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an inductive/LC sensor device includes: an energy storage device for accumulating excitation energy, an LC sensor configured to oscillate using energy accumulated in the energy storage device and transferred to the LC sensor, an energy detector for detecting the energy accumulated in the energy storage device reaching a charge threshold, and at least one switch coupled with the energy detector for terminating accumulating excitation energy in the energy storage device when the charge threshold is detected having been reached by the energy detector.

Abstract: A comb signal generator is provided. The comb signal generator includes a signal generator, which is adapted to successively generate a plurality of continuous wave signals. The comb signal generator is adapted to successively generate a comb signal from each continuous wave signal of the plurality of continuous wave signals, wherein each of the comb signals has a comb signal bandwidth. The comb signal generator is further adapted to successively generate the comb signals so as to cover a comb signal bandwidth range.

Abstract: An apparatus for relaying microwave field intensity in a microwave cavity. In some embodiments, the apparatus comprises a microwave transparent substrate with at least one Radio Frequency (RF) detector that is capable of detecting a microwave field and generating a signal associated with a field intensity of the detected microwave field and a transmitter that receives the signal associated with the detected microwave field from the RF detector and transmits or stores information about the detected microwave field intensity. In some embodiments, the apparatus relays the microwave intensity via a wired, wireless, or optical transmitter located in proximity of the RF detector.

Abstract: A key detecting method and apparatus, which relate to touch sensing technologies, where the key detecting method includes: sampling an output signal value, and calculating a current noise value and a current signal value respectively according to the sampling result (S101); determining, according to the current noise value and the current signal value, whether a noise variation and a signal variation reach a corresponding noise variation threshold and signal variation threshold, respectively (S102); and determining an operating state of a key according to the determination result (S103). With the above method and apparatus, there is no need to additionally provide a complex auxiliary circuit to realize detection of a state of the key, instead, a state of a smart terminal is determined by correspondingly sampling and calculating the signal value, thereby reducing the cost and meanwhile improving the accuracy of the detection of the state of the key.

Abstract: Provided is an electromagnetic compatibility testing system and method for data on-screen display, the electromagnetic compatibility testing system for data on-screen display includes a testing unit, a data acquiring unit, a camera monitoring unit, and an on-screen display controlling unit, wherein the data acquiring unit is configured to acquire the first test data generated by the testing unit, extract target data from the first test data, generate a second test data, and send the obtained second test data to the on-screen display controlling unit; the camera monitoring unit is configured to perform a video monitoring on a test area, and send the obtained video data to the on-screen display controlling unit; and the on-screen display controlling unit is configured to display the received second test data and the video data on the same screen.

Abstract: A semiconductor device according to an embodiment includes a first DC power supply may electrically connected to a gate electrode of a device including first and second electrodes and the gate electrode; an AC signal source may connected to the gate electrode; an inductor having one end connected to the first DC power supply and another end may connected to the gate electrode; a diode provided in parallel to the inductor and having an anode may connected to the gate electrode and a cathode connected to the first DC power supply; a capacitor having one end connected to an AC signal source and another end connected to the anode and another end of the inductor; a second DC power supply may connected to the second electrode; and a switching element having one end may connected to the second electrode and another end connected to the second DC power supply.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to testing LEDs by applying a voltage difference between anode electrodes and cathode electrodes of the LEDs using transistors and probe pads and determining whether the LEDs satisfy a threshold level of operability. A final substrate has transistors that apply the voltage difference to the LEDs via conductive traces and probe pads during testing mode. A gate voltage is applied to gate terminals of the transistors, a first voltage is applied to anode electrodes of the LEDs, and a second voltage is applied to cathode electrodes of the LEDs. After applying the voltages, turning on of the LEDs is observed. Embodiments also relate to testing current leakage in the final substrate with the transistors and the LEDs.

Abstract: Various devices, methods and systems are provided for aging-sensitive chip authentication. In one example, among others, a chip includes a reference Schmitt trigger ring oscillator (STRO) configured to enter a sleep mode during operation of the chip; a stressed STRO; a VDD charge pump configured to boost a positive voltage supplied to the stressed STRO during operation of the chip; and/or a GND charge pump configured to under-drive a ground voltage supplied to the stressed STRO during operation of the chip. In another example, a method includes detecting activation of a chip including a reference STRO and a stressed STRO and, in response to the activation of the chip, initiating sleep mode operation of the reference STRO. In response to the activation of the chip, a VDD voltage supplied to the stressed STRO can be boosted and/or a GND voltage supplied to the stressed STRO can be under-driven.

Abstract: A simulation method and a corresponding medium storing processor-executable code for detecting a high impedance net within an electronic circuit comprising a plurality of transistors is presented. The simulation method includes the step of connecting programmable resistors between two terminals of each transistor. Subsequently, voltage fluctuations are determined at the first terminals of a first group of transistors, where the voltage fluctuations are caused by connecting the programmable resistors. By connecting current sources with the first terminals of the first group of transistors, a potentially hazardous high impedance net may be detected within the electronic circuit.

Abstract: The electrical contact device has an insulative, compliant element with a first surface that is next to the load board and has a cavity from the first to the second surface. At the top of the compliant element is an insulative compliant sheet with a hole that aligns with the cavity. At the bottom of the compliant element is an insulative compliant plate with a hole that aligns with the cavity. A first contact element inserts into the compliant plate hole and forming the bottom of the cavity of the compliant element and having a primary protrusion with an oblique surface that faces both the wider cavity opening. A second contact element fits into the hole of the compliant sheet and having a primary protrusion with an oblique surface that mates onto and substantially parallel to the first contact element's oblique surface.