Abstract: In some embodiments, a micro electro mechanical system (MEMS) includes a proof mass, sense electrodes, sense circuitry, and a frequency matching circuitry. The proof mass is configured to move responsive to stimuli. The sense electrodes are configured to generate a signal responsive to the proof mass moving. The sense circuitry is coupled to the sense electrodes. The sense circuitry is configured to receive the generated signal and further configured to process the generated signal. The frequency matching circuitry is configured to apply a DC voltage to the sense electrodes. The DC voltage is configured to change a stiffness of a spring of the proof mass. According to some embodiments, the change in the stiffness of the spring matches a resonance frequency between a sense mode and a drive mode. According to some embodiments, the sense electrodes are a comb structure.

Abstract: In accordance with an embodiment, a MEMS structure is produced on a front side of a substrate. A decoupling structure which has recesses is produced in the substrate, which decoupling structure decouples a first region from a second region of the substrate in terms of stresses. In a rear side, situated opposite the front side, of the substrate, a first cavity is produced by means of a first etching process and a second cavity is produced by means of a second etching process. The first cavity and the second cavity are produced such that the second cavity encompasses the first cavity and such that the second cavity adjoins a base region of the MEMS structure and a base region of the decoupling structure.

Abstract: A Micro Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) device package includes a first circuit layer, a partition wall, a MEMS component, a second circuit layer and a polymeric dielectric layer. The partition wall is disposed over the first circuit layer. The MEMS component is disposed over the partition wall and electrically connected to the first circuit layer. The first circuit layer, the partition wall and the MEMS component enclose a space. The second circuit layer is disposed over and electrically connected to the first circuit layer. The polymeric dielectric layer is disposed between the first circuit layer and the second circuit layer.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure provide a packaging technique for making a directional microphone which employs mechanical structures to cancel undesired background noise to realize the directional function instead of an extra sensor required in electronic noise-cancelling techniques, thus reducing the footprint and cost of a directional microphone. A directional microphone based on this technique can include an acoustic sensor and a housing enclosing the acoustic sensor. The acoustic sensor can include a sensing diaphragm, a cavity below the sensing diaphragm, and a first substrate. The directional microphone device can further includes a channel with an inlet open at an edge of the first substrate and an outlet connected with the cavity. The housing can include a cover attached to a second substrate supporting the first substrate. The cover can include a first opening over the sensing diaphragm and a second opening at a side of the cover.

Abstract: An integrated circuit (IC) with an integrated microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) structure is provided. In some embodiments, the IC comprises a semiconductor substrate, a back-end-of-line (BEOL) interconnect structure, the integrated MEMS structure, and a cavity. The BEOL interconnect structure is over the semiconductor substrate, and comprises wiring layers stacked in a dielectric region. Further, an upper surface of the BEOL interconnect structure is planar or substantially planar. The integrated MEMS structure overlies and directly contacts the upper surface of the BEOL interconnect structure, and comprises an electrode layer. The cavity is under the upper surface of the BEOL interconnect structure, between the MEMS structure and the BEOL interconnect structure.

Abstract: A semiconductor layer having an opening and a MEMS resonator formed in the opening is disposed between first and second substrates to encapsulate the MEMS resonator. An electrical contact that extends from the opening to an exterior of the MEMS device is formed at least in part within the semiconductor layer and at least in part within the first substrate.

Abstract: A process for optimizing a biomass feedstock for gasification for the production of syngas. The biomass feed, which is preferably a lignocellulosic material, is subjected to controlled torrefaction followed by steam stripping of the torrefied solids. The biomass undergoes a weight loss of about 10% to 15% on a dry ash free basis. This increases the energy density and friability of the stripped torrefied biomass and results in higher efficiency on subsequent densification or gasification.

Abstract: In one embodiment described herein, fuel may be converted into syngas by a method comprising feeding the fuel and composite metal oxides into a reduction reactor in a co-current flow pattern relative to one another, reducing the composite metal oxides with the fuel to form syngas and reduced composite metal oxides, transporting the reduced composite metal oxides to an oxidation reactor, regenerating the composite metal oxides by oxidizing the reduced composite metal oxides with an oxidizing reactant in the oxidation reactor, and recycling the regenerated composite metal oxides to the reduction reactor for subsequent reduction reactions to produce syngas. The composite metal oxides may be solid particles comprising a primary metal oxide and a secondary metal oxide.

Abstract: A chlorine fluoride feeding device and feeding process are provided that can stably generate industrially applicable chlorine fluoride (ClF), control flow rate, and provide continual feed. The feeding process of chlorine fluoride of this invention is a feeding process to feed chlorine fluoride generated by loading a gas that contains fluorine atoms and a gas that contains chlorine atoms to a flow-type heat reactor or a plasma reactor, and it can stably generate and safely feed chlorine fluoride for a long time by reacting chlorine fluoride that is difficult to pack at a high pressure, such that an amount that can be packed in a gas container such as a gas cylinder is limited, with two or more types of gas materials that can be packed safely in a gas container by liquefaction, or with such gas material and a solid material.

Abstract: A method of sulfur enriching an acid gas stream in an acid gas enrichment system includes: (i) feeding an acid gas stream to a contactor, the acid gas stream comprising hydrogen sulfide (H2S), carbon dioxide (CO2), and hydrocarbons; (ii) separating the acid gas stream in the contactor to create a carbon dioxide rich stream and a purified acid gas stream; (iii) feeding the purified acid gas stream to a regenerator fluidly connected to the contactor; (iv) separating the purified acid gas stream in the regenerator to create a hydrogen sulfide rich stream and a hydrogen sulfide lean stream, the hydrogen sulfide rich stream having a concentration of hydrogen sulfide; and (v) periodically feeding at least a portion of the hydrogen sulfide rich stream exiting the regenerator to the acid gas stream entering the contactor.

Abstract: A nanocrystal preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving, in a first selected solvent, a first precursor which is in a gaseous state under normal temperature and normal pressure, to form a first precursor solution; dissolving a second precursor in a second selected solvent to form a second precursor solution, wherein the second precursor is a precursor of a metal element of Group I, Group II, Group III or Group IV; and in an inert gas atmosphere, adding the first precursor solution into a reaction vessel which contains the second precursor solution, wherein the first precursor chemically reacts with the second precursor to generate a nanocrystal. The present invention further discloses a nanocrystal prepared by the above method and an apparatus for preparing and storing a gas-dissolved solution.

Abstract: Provided is a sheet-shaped nitrogen-phosphorus co-doped porous carbon material, prepared and obtained according to the following method: mixing aniline and hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene, undergoing a closed reaction for 2-24 h at a pressure of 1-10 MPa and a temperature of 140-260° C., then pressure is released to atmospheric pressure and steam drying is performed to obtain a solid substance; under inert gas protection, the obtained solid substance is treated for 1-6 h at a high temperature of 400-1000° C., and the finished product is obtained; the sheet-shaped nitrogen-phosphorus co-doped porous carbon material thus provided has excellent electrical properties and may be used for fabricating capacitor electrodes and especially supercapacitor electrodes; thus it may be used in capacitors and especially supercapacitors, and has great application potential and industrial value in the field of energy storage.

Abstract: A method of producing fibrous carbon nanostructures uses a fluidized bed process, and comprises supplying a source gas to a reaction site in which a supported catalyst having a particulate carrier and a catalyst supported on a surface of the carrier is fluidizing, to form fibrous carbon nanostructures on the catalyst of the supported catalyst, wherein the source gas contains a double bond-containing hydrocarbon and carbon dioxide, and a content of the carbon dioxide is 0.3 vol % or more with respect to a total volume of the source gas.

Abstract: An embodiment according to the invention provides methods for making interlayer covalent bonds in bilayer, trilayer, and multilayer graphene. Raman spectroscopy is used to characterize the resulting material, and the Raman peak at approximately 1330 cm?1 coincides with the characteristic peak of diamond and polycrystalline nanodiamond peaks published in the art. This indicates that the process induces the formation of sp3 carbon-carbon (C—C) bonds (similar to the ones in diamond) between the graphene layers. The graphene bilayer or multilayer converts to sp3 bonded carbon only partially, as the Raman spectrum also indicates a strong component of graphene still remaining in the bilayer or multilayer.

Abstract: Prolonged operation campaigns in a fluidized bed reactor for producing granular polysilicon by deposition of silicon onto silicon seed particles from a silicon-containing precursor gas is made possible by employing a silicon-coated reaction tube which is not insulated above a region of the fluidized bed and as a result has a lower temperature such that the ratio of the thickness of the silicon on the reactor tube adjoining the fluidized bed to the coating thickness over the total reactor tube is from 7:1 to 1.5 to 1 after production campaign of from 15 to 500 days.

Abstract: There is provided a method for obtaining a purified aqueous solution of silicic acid containing less metal impurities such as Cu and Ni using water glass as a raw material with less number of purification steps than that in conventional methods without using any unnecessary additives. The method for producing a purified aqueous solution of silicic acid, the method comprising the steps of: (a) passing an aqueous solution of alkaline silicate having a silica concentration of 0.5% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less through a column filled with a polyamine-, iminodiacetic acid-, or aminophosphoric acid-type chelating resin, and (b) passing the aqueous solution passed in the step (a) through a column filled with a hydrogen-type cation exchange resin.

Abstract: A crystalline silica particulate material contains zinc (Zn) in an amount of 1 ppm or more, exhibits a volume average particle diameter of 200 ?m or less, and is composed mainly of crystalline silica.

Abstract: The invention relates to a mineral compound, referred to as synthetic mica, with formula At(SixGe1-x)4MzO10(OH)2, wherein: A designates at least one monovalent interfoliar cation of a metal element, A having the formula Liw(1)Naw(2)Kw(3)Rbw(4)Csw(5), each instance of w(i) representing a real number in the interval [0; 1], such that the sum of the instances of w(i) is equal to 1; t is a real number in the interval [0.3; 1]; x is a real number in the interval [0; 1]; M designates at least one divalent metal having the formula Mgy(1)Coy(2)Zny(3)Cuy(4)Mny(5)Fey(6)Niy(7)Cr, each instance of y(i) representing a real number in the interval [0; 1], such as the formula (A); and z is a real number in the interval [2.50; 2.85]. The invention also relates to a composition comprising such a compound and a method for preparing such a compound.

Abstract: A method and system for rapidly preparing lithium carbonate or concentrated brine using high-temperature steam. The method comprises the steps of: feeding brine into a reactor, heating the brine with high-temperature steam above 200° C. while simultaneously discharging steam produced in the reactor, cooling and condensing the discharged steam in a condenser and collecting the condensate, and stopping the high-temperature steam after the brine is concentrated to a predetermined concentration or after a sufficient amount of lithium carbonate is collected. The system comprises: a reactor provided with a brine inlet, a steam outlet connected to a condenser, a product outlet, and a plurality of steam pipes. The method concerns the direct heating of brine using high-temperature steam, which is effective and efficient, and also produces fresh water. The heating is uniform and rapid, and does not require jackets, heat exchange tubes, mixers and vacuum pumps, vastly simplifying the system.

Abstract: Process for preparing alumina gel in a single precipitation step consisting of dissolving an aluminium precursor, aluminium chloride, in water, at a temperature of 10° C. to 90° C. such that the pH of the solution is from 0.5 to 5, for a period of 2 to 60 minutes, then adjusting the pH to 7.5 to 9.5 by adding a basic precursor, sodium hydroxide, to the solution obtained to obtain a suspension, at a temperature of 5° C. to 35° C., and for 5 minutes to 5 hours, followed by a filtration step, said process not comprising any washing steps. Also, novel alumina gel having a high dispersibility index, in particular a dispersibility index of more than 80%, a crystallite dimension of 0.5 to 10 nm, a chlorine content of 0.001% to 2% by weight and a sodium content of 0.001% to 2% by weight, the percentages by weight being expressed with respect to the total weight of the alumina gel.

Abstract: Amorphous metal chalcogenides having the formula A2xSnxSb3-xQ6 are provided. In the chalcogenides, A is an alkali metal element, such as K or Cs, and Q is S or Se. The value of x can be in the range from 0.8 to 1. Porous chalcogenide materials made from the amorphous chalcogenides are also provided. These porous materials comprise metal chalcogenides having the formula (AB)2xSnxSb3-xQ6, wherein x is in the range from 0.8 to 1, A and B are two different alkali metal elements, and Q is S or Se.

Abstract: A distributor plate for a fluid tank such as a water softener pressure vessel separates the resin bed from a lower end of the resin tank. The distributor plate includes a disk that is supported on an upwardly facing surface from below and that is restrained from upward motion by a weld bead located above an outer periphery of the disk. The disk may have an inner slotted plate portion and an outer portion, and wherein the outer portion of the disk has an upper surface having an annular protrusion extending above an upper surface of the slotted plate portion, with an upper surface of the protrusion forms an engagement surface for the weld bead. The disk may be formed from a thermoplastic material having a relatively high dimensional predictability such as high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and unfilled or 30% glass-filled Noryl®, respectively.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to a surface having a binding component applied thereto for the adsorption or capture of pathogens and organic molecules or materials. The surface may be a component of a porous or nonporous substrate. The binding component may also bind a photocatalyst to the surface for photocatalytic destruction of the captured pathogens and organic molecules or materials.

Abstract: Provided is a flowing-water sterilization system that includes a flow channel for passing seawater to be sterilized, and a light source emitting ultraviolet light to irradiate the seawater passing through the flow channel, wherein the light source includes a light-emitting diode that emits light not including infrared light. The light-emitting diode may emit ultraviolet light that has a wavelength of not less than 250 nm and not more than 350 nm and does not include light with a wavelength of not more than 200 nm. The system may further include a cooling unit for cooling the light source.

Abstract: Methods for removing a target selenium entity from fluids by treating the fluid with a rare earth impregnated media containing an immobilized rare earth. The methods including obtaining a contaminated fluid comprising water and dissolved selenate; contacting the feed fluid with a rare earth impregnated media for removal of at least a portion of the selenate from the feed fluid thereby forming a treated fluid comprising less selenium than the feed fluid.

Abstract: The concentrated and dilute saline water distribution systems of Electro Dialysis Reversal EDR or Capacitive Electro Dialysis Reversal CEDR are modified by feeding and retrieving the saline water to and from multiple spacers in an electrodialysis stack such that (1) the saline water enters and leaves the spacers in the plane of the thin spacers rather than traditionally perpendicular to them and (2) the saline waters are independently fed and retrieved to and from the spacers through long and small cross-sectional area tubes such that the electrical resistance to ion flow is very high relative to the electrical resistance to ion flow through the electrodialysis stack containing the cation and anion exchange membranes and dilute and concentrated saline water spacers.

Abstract: An electrolyzing system for electrolyzing a brine solution is provided that includes a housing defining a brine compartment and a fresh water compartment. A first electrolytic cartridge is arranged in the brine compartment and includes an electrically charged electrode. The first electrolytic cartridge includes an inlet in fluid communication with the fresh water compartment and an outlet that is fluid communication with a dispensing system. An electrically powered pump directs fresh water from the fresh water compartment to the inlet of the cartridge. A control system is configured to direct electric power from a power supply to the pump when flow of fresh water from the fresh water compartment to the inlet of the cartridge is detected and configured to stop supplying electric power to the pump when flow of fresh water from the fresh water compartment to the inlet of the cartridge is not detected.

Abstract: The invention relates to a water filtration with a process optimization method, which employ cartridges with conventional electrolytic cells that have electrolytic cells, modified with automated control systems for the purpose of manipulating, monitoring and performing maintenance strategies in a single device, either in mobile containers or in swimming pools, gutters, etc., in such a way that: the purification process of the liquid, preferably water, is increased, the speed of its processing is increased, a process that is conventionally performed manual way is automated; in addition to optimizing the materials used in the purification, the process minimizes the risks of infiltration of impurities in the organism by immersion in treated waters with high pollutant levels; finally the process decreases the formation of tartar in the containers.

Abstract: An electrolytic liquid generation device according to the present disclosure includes an electrolytic part and a housing in which the electrolytic part is disposed. The electrolytic part has a laminate including mutually adjacent electrodes and a conductive film interposed between the electrodes. The electrolytic part electrolyzes a liquid. The housing includes an electrode case having a recess with an opening to enable insertion of the electrolytic part through the opening and to contain the electrolytic part in the recess, and an electrode case lid to cover the opening of the electrode case. The electrolytic part is contained in the recess such that lamination direction Z of the laminate is substantially aligned with a direction in which the opening opens. This configuration provides an electrolytic liquid generation device that can be built with improved facility.

Abstract: The Drain Free Applicator is an invention that prevents the buildup of mold and algae in pipes that drain condensation produced by evaporation coils within an air conditioning unit. This invention does so by holding treating tablets that are dissolved by the draining condensation and swept into the draining pipelines. This invention prevents the drain pan from filling up and overflowing with subsequent water damage to floors and ceilings. In newer units, it prevents triggering the water level sensor and shutting down the air conditioning unit.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to methods of treating process water using a reactor for generating chlorine dioxide onsite. The onsite generation system may include double ensured precursor feeding, effective reactor, automated control/alarm, and effective product delivery. The reactor may include a mixing device, a first feed line connected to the mixing device, and a second feed line connected to the mixing device. The reactor may include a proximal portion in fluid communication with the mixing device and a distal portion in fluid communication with a motive water line. The mixing device, the reactor, a portion of the first feed line, and a portion of the second feed line may be positioned within the motive water line.

Abstract: Described herein are systems and methods for treatment of contaminated water employing a mobile supported biofilm. The treatment systems include a bioreactor, a mobile biofilm disposed within the bioreactor, and a solid-solid separation unit attached to the bioreactor. The solid-solid separation unit is adapted to receive an effluent stream from the bioreactor, wherein the effluent contains the mobile biofilm, and separate at least a portion of the mobile biofilm from the effluent and return it to the bioreactor.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for controlling a chlorinated nitrogen-containing disinfection by-product in water, including the following steps: firstly, the pH value of a water sample is controlled, ultraviolet irradiation treatment is used and a persulfate or hydrogen persulfate is added at the same time, then chlorination disinfection is carried out, and finally, aeration treatment is carried out, so that a water sample from which the chlorinated nitrogen-containing disinfection by-product in water is removed and obtained. The method can effectively control the formation of chlorinated N-DBPs, and can effectively reduce the amount of trichloromethane in the subsequent chlorination disinfection process.

Abstract: Methods and systems for treating oil sands tailings streams at an elevated pH using lime are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the method comprises providing a tailings stream including 10-55% solids by total weight, increasing the pH of the tailings stream by combining the tailings stream with lime to produce a lime-tailings mixture having a pH of at least 11.0, and dewatering the lime-tailings mixture to produce a first stream having 10% or less solids by total weight and a second stream having 50% or more solids by total weight. The first stream can correspond to a release water stream, and the second stream can correspond to a cake. The lime slurry can include about 10% lime by total weight, and can comprise lime hydrate, quicklime, or a combination thereof. Dewatering the lime-tailings mixture can include routing the lime-tailings mixture to a centrifuge unit and/or a pressure or vacuum filtration unit.

Abstract: One aspect relates to a process for the preparation of a quartz glass body, including providing a silicon dioxide granulate composed of a pyrogenic silicon dioxide powder, making a glass melt out of the silicon dioxide granulate and making a quartz glass body out of at least part of the glass melt. The quartz glass body has an OH content of less than 10 ppm, a chlorine content of less than 60 ppm and an aluminium content of less than 200 ppb. One aspect also relates to a quartz glass body which is obtainable by this process. Furthermore, one aspect relates to a formed body and a structure, each of which is obtainable by further processing of the quartz glass body.

Abstract: A method of processing a window member according to an embodiment includes applying a protective coating agent including at least one of a siloxane derivative and an inorganic sol compound onto a glass substrate, performing a heat treatment on the applied protective coating agent to form a protective layer on the glass substrate, thermoforming the glass substrate, and removing the protective layer, so as to process the window member without degradation of optical characteristics and without surface damages of the glass substrate.

Abstract: An apparatus for thermally strengthening a glass sheet includes a first heat sink surface, a second heat sink surface separated from said first heat sink surface by a gap between the heat sink surfaces of distance g, and a liquid feed structure positioned to be able to feed a liquid to the gap, wherein the distance g is sufficiently small relative to a thickness t of a glass sheet to be processed such that when a sheet of thickness t is positioned within the gap of distance g, thermal transfer from a first surface of the sheet facing the first heat sink surface is more than 20%, 30%, 40% or 50% or more by conduction from the first surface of the sheet through the liquid to the first heat sink surface.

Abstract: A fluid bearing for directing optical fibers during manufacturing is presented. The fluid bearing provides a flow of fluid to levitate and direct an optical fiber along a process pathway. The optical fiber is situated in a fiber slot and subjected to an upward force from fluid flowing from an inner radial position of the fiber slot past the optical fiber to an outer radial position of the fiber slot. The levitating force of fluid acting on the optical fiber is described by a convex force curve, according to which the upward levitating force on the optical fiber increases as the optical fiber moves deeper in the slot. Better stability in the positioning of the optical fiber in the fiber slot is achieved and contact of the optical fiber with solid surfaces of the fluid bearing is avoided. Various fluid bearing structures for achieving a convex force curve are described.

Abstract: A mineral fiber forming device including: a centrifuge configured to rotate about a rotation axis, the centrifuge including an annular wall pierced by a plurality of orifices, the axis of symmetry of the annular wall being the rotation axis; a first annular inductor configured to heat a top part of the annular wall; a second annular inductor configured to heat a bottom part of the annular wall. The device makes it possible to increase its energy efficiency and very greatly reduce, even cancel altogether, its carbon dioxide emission level.

Abstract: A passivation glass coating composition is provided for forming a fired passivation glass layer on a semiconductor substrate having p-n junction. The passivation glass coating composition includes a glass component that is lead free, cadmium free, alkali metal oxides free, and colored transition metal oxides (i.e. metal oxides of V, Fe, Co, Ni, Cr, Cu, Mn) free. The glass component includes bismuth based glasses, and provides a firing temperature range of 500° C. to 900° C., and controlled devitrification. Once fired to a semiconductor device, the fired passivation glass layer provides exceptional device performance including no cracking of the fired passivation glass layer, excellent thermal expansion matching to silicon, good chemical resistance to acid and base, and improved device performance.

Abstract: Glass fibers suitable for textile and reinforcements are described. The glass fibers have compositions that include SiO2, CaO, Al2O3, and MgO. A significant amount of the MgO is derived from the mineral brucite. In some instances, the compositions are essentially free of fluorine, sulfate, and titania. These glass fiber compositions typically have broad or large values for delta T (i.e., the difference between the log 3 or forming temperature—the temperature at which the glass has a viscosity of approximately 1,000 poise—and the liquidus temperature).

Abstract: An article includes a substrate that is transparent, the substrate being covered on at least one of its faces, totally or partly, with a protective layer based on zirconium and aluminum mixed oxide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of at least one of sintering, crystallization and/or crosslinking of a coating material (2) on a substrate (1) with laser radiation. The coating material (2) is scanned with a laser beam (8) along overlapping processing traces, said scanning being performed by moving the laser beam (8) with a first speed in a first direction while the substrate is moved with a second speed slower than the first speed relative to the laser beam (8) or vice versa in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. The intensity of the laser beam (8), the first speed and a ratio of the first speed and the second speed are selected such that the overlap of the processing traces on the coating material (2) results in local peak temperatures of the coating material (2) above a threshold temperature (17) which are repeatedly reached within a time period (18).

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of a coating comprising at least one fatty-acid modified resin as an anti-fingerprint coating on a least one face of a glass sheet. In particular, the invention allows to provide an anti-fingerprint solution to be used for a glass sheet, which does not significantly affect the surface properties and the aesthetics of the coated glass compared to the naked glass. Moreover, the invention allows to provide an anti-fingerprint solution to be used for a glass sheet, which is sustainable in time and/or wearing of the surface.

Abstract: There is provided a glass article using an ultraviolet absorbing glass substrate, the glass article suppressing solarization and exhibiting a high visible light transmittance. A glass article, comprising a glass substrate absorbing light at a wavelength of 250 to 400 nm from the surface and an antireflection film provided on at least one surface of the glass substrate, wherein the glass article has an ultraviolet irradiation degradation degree (X) of 1.5% or less, wherein the ultraviolet irradiation degradation degree (X) is T0?T1, where T0 is an average transmittance of light at the wavelength of 250 to 400 nm from a surface of the antireflection film in an initial state, and T1 is an average transmittance of light at the wavelength of 250 to 400 nm from the surface of the antireflection film after irradiating the surface of the antireflection film with ultraviolet rays for one hour.

Abstract: Disclosed are hydrophobic finish compositions and cementitious articles made with the hydrophobic finish compositions. In some embodiments, the article is a waterproof gypsum panel surface reinforced with inorganic mineral fibers that face a flexible and hydrophobic cementitious finish possessing beneficial waterproofing properties. The waterproof gypsum panels of the invention have many uses, such as, tilebacker board in wet or dry areas of buildings, exterior weather barrier panel for use as exterior sheathing, and roof cover board having water durability and low surface absorption. The flexible and hydrophobic cementitious finish can include fly ash, film-forming polymer, silane compound (e.g., alkyl alkoxysilane), an extended flow time retention agent including either one or more carboxylic acids, salts of carboxylic acids, or mixtures thereof, and other optional additives.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a method of decreasing the water load needed to form a fibrous panel. The process includes admixing a mineral wool, a cellulose, and a binder to provide a pre-mixed slurry, admixing a mineral filler with water to provide a mineral filler slurry, admixing the pre-mixed slurry and the mineral filler slurry to form a dispersion, flowing the dispersion onto a foraminous support wire to provide a green board, dewatering the green board to form a dewatered green board and drying the dewatered green board to provide a fibrous panel.

Abstract: A cementitious blend composition and a concrete mix composition preferable for making concrete resistant to high temperatures and alkaline conditions, particularly for making durable concrete for constructing an alumina digester tank in an aluminum smelter. The cementitious blend composition includes at least one hydraulic cement, silica fume (SF), and natural pozzolan (NP), wherein a weight percent ratio of at least one hydraulic cement:SF:NP in the cementitious blend composition lies in the range of (24-63):(5-44):(32-40) with the sum of the weight percentages of the at least one hydraulic cement, the SF, and the NP not exceeding 100%. The concrete mix composition comprises water and the cementitious blend composition, wherein a weight ratio of the water to the cementitious blend composition is 0.2-0.5, and wherein the concrete mix composition has a content of the cementitious blend composition of 400-550 kg/m3.

Abstract: A cementitious blend composition and a concrete mix composition preferable for making concrete resistant to high temperatures and alkaline conditions, particularly for making durable concrete for constructing an alumina digester tank in an aluminum smelter. The cementitious blend composition includes at least one hydraulic cement, silica fume (SF), and natural pozzolan (NP), wherein a weight percent ratio of at least one hydraulic cement: SF:NP in the cementitious blend composition lies in the range of (24-63):(5-44):(32-40) with the sum of the weight percentages of the at least one hydraulic cement, the SF, and the NP not exceeding 100%. The concrete mix composition comprises water and the cementitious blend composition, wherein a weight ratio of the water to the cementitious blend composition is 0.2-0.5, and wherein the concrete mix composition has a content of the cementitious blend composition of 400-550 kg/m3.

Abstract: A precast refractory block for a coke oven having high hot strength and stable under-load expansion/shrinkage behavior at high temperatures. Specifically, a silica-based precast refractory block contains a P2O5 component in an amount of 0.3 to 2.0 mass %.