Abstract: A reusable clamp for retaining conduit sections or sanitary fittings having circular flanges together includes two gland members movable between open and closed positions. The gland members include two handles projecting outwardly from the gland members and two sets of locking detents formed on a latch finger connected to one gland member and the outer periphery of the other gland member. The locking detents engage to prevent movement of the gland members away from the closed position until a latch release arm coupled to the latch finger is depressed towards one of the handles, which causes the locking detents to disengage from one another and enables re-opening of the clamp when desired. The latch release arm and one or more of the handles also include tie-receiving loops to prevent accidental opening of the clamp unless desired by the end user.

Abstract: A fitting assembly comprises a male coupling having a male thread and an aperture defining an inner circumferential surface of the male coupling. The inner circumferential surface includes a plurality of spaced apart grooves. A tail piece is at least partially received in the aperture of the male coupling. A hose is received and compressed in a space formed between the inner circumferential surface of the male coupling and an outer circumferential surface of the tail piece. The hose is deformed into the plurality of the spaced apart grooves formed in the inner circumferential surface of the male coupling to form an interference fit therebetween.

Abstract: The coupling kit disclosed herein to attached a mast used by off-road vehicles to the frame of the off-road vehicle provides three advantages not seen in prior art. The first advantage is that of the two components of a coupling kit one is an off-the-shelf product thus reducing the cost of manufacture. The second is that the coupling kit allows for damaged or broken masts to be quickly replaced without the use of tools by another mast or that masts may be easily transferred from one off-road vehicle to another. The third is that the coupling kit does not allow the mast to rotate about its longitudinal axis.

Abstract: Art aircraft fluid line coupling assembly includes: an inner tube; an outer tube assembly having an outer tube, the inner tube extending into the outer tube, and having first connector element of a twist-to-connect joint disposed on a front end of the outer tube; a retention member having second connector element of the twist-to-connect joint, the first and the second connector elements being detachably mated to releasably interconnect the retention member and the outer tube with each other, the retention member being arranged outwardly around a longitudinal portion the inner tube so as to prevent detachment of the inner tube from the outer tube when the twist-to-connect joint is in a connected position, and so as to allow detachment of the inner tube from the outer tube when the twist-to-connect joint is in an unconnected position; and a locking mechanism for locking the twist-to-connect joint.

Abstract: A pipe-in-pipe (PIP) connector for use in a PIP pipeline for laying in a marine environment, the PIP pipeline including at least metal inner and outer pipes and an annular space thereinbetween, the connector including at least: (a) a first connector end including inner and outer longitudinal collars corresponding in circumference to the circumferences of the inner and outer pipes of the PIP pipeline, and weldable to a PIP pipeline, and (b) a second connector end including a machined portion configured to match and connect with a complementary portal or bore of an in-line subsea structure, and a coupling portion for coupling with a pipeline section, the coupling being decoupable.

Abstract: An air supply line includes an aluminum tube with a one inch diameter, a network of fins located within the aluminum tube to promote heat exchange, and a wall structure containing a heater wrapped around the aluminum tube to allow for temperature control and prevent freezing upstream of valves.

Abstract: An intervention method for acting on a wall of a fluid pipeline using a tool includes moving the tool inside the pipeline until a pipe segment of the tool is positioned facing a zone of the wall of the pipeline. The method also includes creating sealing upstream and downstream from the zone using first and second seals of the tool so as to seal off an outer portion of a segment of the pipeline around the zone. The method further includes acting on the zone of the wall. The sealing by the first and second seals occurs in two portions of the pipeline so as to define a sealing lock between the two portions of the pipeline. The first seal is in two portions, and the second seal is in two portions.

Abstract: An intervention method for acting on a wall of a fluid pipeline using a tool includes moving the tool inside the pipeline until a pipe segment of the tool is positioned facing a zone of the wall of the pipeline. The method also includes creating sealing upstream and downstream from the zone using first and second seals of the tool so as to seal off an outer portion of a segment of the pipeline around the zone. The method further includes acting on the zone of the wall. The sealing by the first and second seals occurs in two portions of the pipeline so as to define a sealing lock between the two portions of the pipeline. The tool further includes an adjustable propulsion system configured to make use of movement of the fluid in order to move the tool.

Abstract: The in-situ rebuild method comprises roughening by a roughening technique a surrounding inner or outer surface to be treated around a defective section of a pipe or containment structure, applying one or more layers of a self-adhesive fiber sheet onto the roughened surface to be treated, encapsulating with a vacuum bag the one or more layers of the self-adhesive fiber sheet laying on the surface to be treated, creating by means of a vacuum system a low pressure into a space between the vacuum bag and the surface to be treated, injecting by means of an injection system an impregnation curable resin into the mentioned space, stopping the injecting and letting the impregnation curable resin to cure thereby forming a composite rebuild laminate on the surface to be treated surrounding the defective section, and disconnecting the vacuum system and the injection system and removing the vacuum bag.

Abstract: Pipe insulation formed as a flat board is disclosed. The pipe insulation has an inner region that is more compressible than an outer region.

Abstract: A heat insulator is disclosed which simplifies processes of measures for preventing contamination of a surrounding caused by falling off of a silica aerogel in a silica-aerogel support heat insulator. In the silica-aerogel support heat insulator, a support layer whose melting point is lower than a melting point of a fiber supporting the silica aerogel is used, and by performing thermal-pressure bonding at a temperature lower than the melting point of the fiber but higher than the melting point of the support layer to cause the support layer to enter the fiber to combine the support layer and the fiber. Thus, processes of measures for preventing contamination of a surrounding caused by falling off of the silica aerogel can be simplified, and use in a large size and/or in a complicated shape is made possible.

Abstract: A vacuum adapter for feeding-through vacuum-insulated coolant lines from the surrounding atmosphere into a vacuum processing installation has an intermediate volume which is connected firstly to at least one insulation intermediate space of the vacuum-insulated feed lines and secondly to a vacuum pump. The pump capacity is available at least temporarily for evacuating the insulation intermediate space around the coolant lines.

Abstract: An adjustable support arm assembly including a base, a lower arm having a first end connected to the base, an upper arm having a pivotal connection to a second end of the lower arm disposed between first and second ends of the upper arm and a plurality of adjustment positions disposed between the pivotal connection to the lower arm and the first end of the upper arm, a counterbalance unit connected to the lower arm or the upper arm and including a movable portion, an elongated flexible element having a first end connected to the movable portion of the counterbalance unit and the elongated flexible element extends from the lower or upper arm to which the counterbalance unit is connected and a second end of the elongated flexible element is connected to the other of the lower or upper arm to which the counterbalance unit is not connected.

Abstract: A fitting for connecting first and second components arranged at right angles to each other that includes a flange part, which extends in a first direction and has a first connection surface in contact with the first component, and which has at least one first connection hole formed by a bore of a first insert; and a base part, which extends in a second direction, perpendicular to the first direction, and has a second connection surface in contact with the second component, and which has at least one second connection hole formed by a bore of a second insert. The first insert is joined to the second insert by at least one loop of continuous fiber tow wound around radially outer surfaces of the first insert second inserts.

Abstract: A TV wall mounting device includes a wall mount box with vertical supports, a display mount receiving a TV, and an extending/contracting portion between the box and the display mount. The extending/contracting portion has lower and upper arms rotatably attached to the wall mount with rear axles, a pair of linear actuators rotatably attached to the wall mount, a front portion that rises and lowers with action of the actuators, and a horizontally-swiveling portion that is raised and lowered with the front portion and is capable of rotating right-left with respect to the front portion. The display mount is attached to the horizontally-swiveling portion. Parallel operation of the linear actuators, wherein each actuator extends and retracts while keeping the same length as the other actuator, causes the display mount to go up and down. Differential operation of the actuators causes the display mount to rotate right and left.

Abstract: A device, kit of parts, and method of connecting tools to a container or other object or surface are disclosed. The device may be attached to a side of a container or other surface or object. The device may include a riser which extends substantially up relative to an opening in the container. The device may also include a platform which may extend over or into the container. The platform may be substantially perpendicular to the riser. The riser, the platform, or both may include one or more openings configured to receive connectors, pipes, hose, lines, or other tools or instruments. One or more of the openings may be elongated so as to allow for selection of the height of the connected item or the amount of overhang into the container. One or more thumbscrews or optional washers may be included with the device.

Abstract: A portable selfie stick, including a multi-stage telescopic rod (1), and a bracket assembly (2) and a handle (3) respectively arranged at a head end and a tail end of the multi-stage telescopic rod. The portable selfie stick further includes a wireless charging device (4), the wireless charging device (4) includes a wireless charging coil (41) and an electromagnetic power converter arranged at the bracket assembly (2), a power line arranged in the multi-stage telescopic rod (1) in a penetrating manner, and a mobile power source (42) arranged in the handle (3); both ends of the power line are in electric connected with the mobile power source (42) and the electromagnetic power converter, respectively; and the electromagnetic power converter is electrically connected with the wireless charging coil (41).

Abstract: A cold-box system includes a bulk gas tank, and a plurality of cold-box compartments operationally associated with the bulk gas tank. A cold-box apparatus includes a plurality of cold-box compartments operationally associated with a bulk gas tank. In one embodiment the cold-box compartments may be spaced apart from the tank aboard a waterborne platform. The system and apparatus provide redundancy regarding power aboard ship for the bulk gas tank.

Abstract: A pressure vessel transport system can have one or more handles that allow a pressure vessel to be efficiently and safely transported. The transport system can consist of a housing surrounding a pressure vessel with the pressure vessel having a valve. The housing may continuously extend along a longitudinal axis of the pressure vessel to position the valve within the housing.

Abstract: An inflatable structure for gas storage includes an inner bladder containing a gas for storage and an outer wall spaced from the inner bladder. An intermediate space between the bladder and the outer wall is pressurized with a gas (such as air) other than the storage gas so that the structure is protected from environmental conditions such as wind and snow loading. The bladder and outer wall may be flexible fabric membranes and may be provided with lightweight support frames. The structures may be combined in a network of like structures for large scale storage.

Abstract: A LED light bulb includes a bulb envelope, a stem, at least two conductors, at least one LED light emitting module, and fluid. The bulb envelope has an opening, and a material of the bulb envelope includes soda-lime glass. The stem is connected to the bulb envelope and seals the opening. Here, the stem has a supporting portion and a pipe, the supporting portion is located in the bulb envelope, and the pipe has an open end inside the bulb envelope and a sealed end outside the bulb envelope. The conductors are located through the stem. The LED light emitting module is assembled to the supporting portion and coupled to the conductors. The fluid fills the bulb envelope. The bulb envelope made of soda-lime glass enhances visual effects produced by the shape, color and light reflection of the LED light bulb.

Abstract: A LED bulb with large-angle illumination includes a lamp cap, a lamp cover, an LED driver power supply, at least one LED and a heat conducting column, wherein the heat conducting column is hollow, and the LED driver power supply is built in the inner cavity of the heat conducting column; the LED is fixed to the outer surface of the heat conducting column and electrically connected to the LED driver power supply; one end of the heat conducting column is fixedly connected to the lamp cap, and the LED driver power supply is electrically connected to the lamp cap; and the lamp cover is disposed outside the heat conducting column and fixedly connected to the lamp cap to completely enclose the heat conducting column within the lamp cover. The irradiation capability of all LEDs is maximized, the irradiation angle is large, and the brightness is uniform.

Abstract: A full-cover LED bulb with large-angle illumination includes a lamp cap, a lamp cover, a substrate, an LED driver power supply, at least one LED and at least one heat conducting metal strip, wherein the LED driver power supply is fixedly connected to the substrate and electrically connected thereto; the substrate is fixed to and electrically connected to the lamp cap; the lamp cover is fixedly connected to lamp cap and the lamp cover defines an internal space; the at least one heat conducting metal strip is welded at two ends to substrate, and each heat conducting metal strip is bent and arches toward the internal space; and the at least one LED is welded to the heat conducting metal strip. In the case of the LED bulb with the structure, the irradiation capability of all LEDs is maximized, the irradiation angle is large, and the brightness is uniform.

Abstract: A light source unit includes a light distribution lens configured to guide light emitted from an LED disposed behind the light distribution lens, and a reflector arranged to surround the light distribution lens. Illuminance unevenness can be more suitably reduced, and effective light is not blocked even if a pinhole device is used for glare prevention, thereby avoiding illuminance unevenness and illuminance reductions. The light distribution lens has a columnar part that extends in the optical axis direction, and a conical recess is formed in the distal end of the columnar part. The conical recess is constituted by a reflective surface that fully reflects, in the circumferential direction, light incident on the light distribution lens. The reflector reflects light emitted from a cylindrical side surface of the columnar part such that the reflected light becomes converging light.

Abstract: A light source device includes a first semiconductor light source, a second semiconductor light source, and a wavelength converter. The first semiconductor light source emits light in a first wavelength range. The second semiconductor light source emits light in a second wavelength range different from the first wavelength range. The wavelength converter absorbs the light in the first wavelength range to emit light in a third wavelength range different from either of the first wavelength range and the second wavelength range, and transmits the light in the second wavelength range substantially entirely.

Abstract: A portable light and charging device therefor. The portable light includes a light head that is pivotable relative to a light body and that has a projection, wherein the light body has a latch ring that can engage the projection to retain the light head in a stowed position and can be stowed. The charging device defines a receptacle for receiving the portable light and has a pair of latch arms that pivot to permit the portable light to be placed into and removed from the receptacle and that are biased to retain the portable light in the receptacle.

Abstract: A wavelength conversion device in which a wavelength conversion element less easily comes off a substrate. A wavelength conversion device includes a substrate capable of rotating around a rotation axis, a wavelength conversion element provided around the rotation axis on one surface side of the substrate, and a fixing member that fixes the wavelength conversion element to the substrate. The wavelength conversion element includes a first surface opposed to the one surface of the substrate, a second surface on the opposite side of the first surface, and a first side surface section that connects the first surface to the second surface. The fixing member is in contact with the first side surface section in at least a part of the first side surface section when viewed from a direction parallel to the rotation axis.

Abstract: A projector includes: an illumination device; first color separation device that separates first and second color light from light emitted from the illumination device; second color separation device that separates third and fourth color light from the second color light; plurality of light modulation devices that modulate the lights separated by the first and second devices; projection optical device that projects an image based on the modulated lights; first and second filters provided on optical paths of the third and fourth color lights, respectively. A wavelength of the third color light is shorter than that of the fourth. The first filter attenuates light at a wavelength exceeding a first threshold set in a dimming wavelength region between a wavelength region of the third and fourth color lights. The second filter attenuates light at a wavelength equal to or less than a second threshold set in the dimming wavelength region.

Abstract: A light-emitting device (10A) of an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a first base (11), a second base (13) that is disposed to face the first base, and a phosphor layer (15) that is provided to be filled with a plurality of phosphor particles (151) between the first base and the second base.

Abstract: An LED lighting system includes first, second and third conductive wires, a plurality of light emitting diodes (LEDs), a transparent insulated layer, and a universal serial bus (USB) plug. The first conductive wire is configured to carry a positive charge. The second conductive wire is configured to carry a negative charge. The third conductive wire is configured to carry a ground charge. The first, second and third conductive wires are arranged side-by-side. The plurality of LEDs are mounted to each of the first, second and third conductive wires. The transparent insulated layer extends around and encapsulates the first, second and third conductive wires and the plurality of LEDs. The USB plug is electrically connected to the first, second and third conductive wires.

Abstract: A lighting device is provided for attachment to a component that defines an open area. The lighting device includes a mounting plate and a light emitting diode (LED) assembly. The mounting plate extends longitudinally, and is disposable within the open area. The mounting plate presents a first mounting surface and a second mounting surface. The LED assembly is operatively attached to the first mounting surface, with the LEDs being operatively attached to the first mounting surface, such that the LEDS form at least two columns. Each LED is configured to emit a respective field of light in response to being energized. The LED assembly is configured such that a field of light projected from the LEDs for one of the at least two columns is projected radially away from the field of light projected from the LEDs for the other of the at least two columns.

Abstract: The electrical cover comprises a friction-held electrical cover for a recessed light fixture. Embodiments of the electrical cover described herein provide flexible finish material covers that guard recessed “can” light fixtures from paint, spackling, and other foreign materials. The frictionally-held finish material covers utilize specifically shaped features on the surfaces, such as negative draft, that contact the electrical components to increase the hold on the electrical device. Some of the shaped features of the frictionally-held covers also help minimize stress in the cover. Features are also molded into the parts to assist and strengthen the cover once installed, and thus protect against the intrusion of finish material behind the cover.

Abstract: A fastening device for fastening lighting devices to T-shaped profiles of a false ceiling. The fastening device may include a shaped flat body of electrically insulating material having conductive tracks embedded therein. The conductive tracks may have first ends and second ends that protrude from opposite ends of the flat body. The conductive tracks may be configured for establishing an electrical connection between a lighting device and a power supply source located above the false ceiling.

Abstract: An emergency lighting system includes a control hub and an emergency light bulb. The control hub includes a battery, a controller, and a transmitter. The emergency light bulb includes a battery, a bulb controller, a receiver, and a light emitting element. The control hub is configured to detect a loss of power at a pair of AC contacts of the control hub. When the loss of power is determined, the control hub transmits a power control signal to the emergency bulb. The emergency light bulb is configured to receive the power control signal. Based on the power control signal, the emergency light bulb enables the light emitting element to receive power from the battery of the emergency light bulb.

Abstract: A flameless candle includes: a candle body forming an interior region, wherein the candle body includes an upper surface and an aperture in the upper surface; a light source positioned in the interior region of the candle body; a force-inducing portion configured to alternatively induce a first mechanical force and a second mechanical force; and a projection screen. The projection screen is configured to receive the first mechanical force and responsively move to a first position and receive the second mechanical force and responsively move to a second position. When the projection screen is moved to the second position, the light source is automatically energized such that a light is emitted onto the projection screen. When the projection screen is moved to the first position, the light source is automatically de-energized such that the light is not emitted.

Abstract: The invention relates to a microprojection light module (1) for a motor vehicle headlight, comprising at least one light source (2) and at least one projection device (3), which images the light exiting the at least one light source (2) into a region in front of the motor vehicle in the form of at least one light distribution, wherein the projection device (3) comprises an entrance lens system (30) including one, two or more micro entrance lenses (31), which are preferably arranged in an array, and an exit lens system (40) including one, two or more micro exit lenses (41), which are preferably arranged in an array, wherein each micro entrance lens (31) is associated with exactly one micro exit lens (41), wherein the micro entrance lenses (31) are designed in such a way and/or the micro entrance lenses (31) and the micro exit lenses (41) are arranged with respect to one another in such a way that substantially all the light exiting the micro entrance lens (31) enters exactly only the associated micro exit lens

Abstract: A lighting device for a vehicle includes a light source that illuminates light, a reflecting surface, a shading member, and a projecting lens. The reflecting surface reflects the light illuminated from the light source and causes the light to converge. The shading member includes an aperture portion at which the light reflected and caused to converge by the reflecting surface is incident. Light that has passed through the aperture portion of the shading member is incident on the projecting lens, and the projecting lens emits the light toward a target.

Abstract: A rear lamp apparatus of a vehicle is provided. The apparatus includes a light source emits light having a first wavelength band and a light filter that is disposed with a first side facing an exterior and a second side facing an interior of the vehicle, and reflects light having the first wavelength band and transmits light having a second wavelength band that is different from the first wavelength band. The light emitted from the light source is transmitted to the first side of the light filter and is reflected from the light filter to the exterior without being transmitted into the interior. Accordingly, the rear lamp apparatus allows for an enhanced external appearance of a vehicle and provides a new type of rear lamp using rear windshield.

Abstract: Disclosed is a vehicle head lamp includes: a plurality of lamps arranged in parallel with each other and each including a light source that emits light irradiated to a forward and a heat sink that radiates heat generated from the light source; a blower; and a lamp housing configured to accommodate the plurality of lamps and the blower. Each of the plurality of lamps includes a first lamp disposed in a blowing direction where air is blown by the blower, and a second lamp disposed on a flow path of the air flowing through the first lamp. The blower includes an air suction space into which the air flowing through the second lamp is sucked.

Abstract: A lamp lens is adapted to transmit light, and includes spaced-apart light input and output surfaces and a reflecting surface. The light input surface has a surrounding surface portion and an end surface portion connected to a front end of the surrounding surface portion. The reflecting surface extends from the light input surface to the light output surface, and has a plurality of reflecting segments and optical structures. The reflecting segments are adapted for total reflection of a portion of the light which enters the lamp lens through the light input surface. Each adjacent two of the reflecting segments forma stepped surface structure. The optical structures are adapted to prevent total reflection of a portion of the light.

Abstract: A light fixture includes a housing, a light-emitting element, and a lens extending over the light-emitting element. The housing includes a support surface, and the light-emitting element is coupled to the support surface. The lens includes a refractor portion having an inner surface and an outer surface. The inner surface is positioned proximate the light-emitting element. The inner surface is oriented at an angle such that the light generated by the light-emitting element exhibits total internal reflection within the lens until the light reaches the outer surface.

Abstract: A LED downlight capable of regulating illumination angle is composed of a light source device, a swing component, a light distribution mechanism, a rotation component, a casing component and a power source device. The swing component is disposed at a bottom surface of the light source device. The light distribution mechanism is disposed at the bottom surface of the light source device. The rotation component is coupled to the swing component. The casing component locates at bottom of the swing component. The power source device is disposed at periphery and connected by a wire to supply power to the light source device. The rotation component can be operated to perform horizontal rotation, and the swing component can be operated to carry out vertical swing during usage so that a user selects and regulates required beam projection direction and angle to have powerful practicality in illumination.

Abstract: An automated luminaire includes a light source, a compensation module, an optical device, and a controller. The light source has an ellipsoidal reflector and a fixedly mounted short arc discharge lamp and can move along its optical axis. The compensation module includes a diffuser. The optical device produces either a modified or unmodified light beam. If the light beam is modified, the controller either moves the light source to a first position or positions first and second portions of the diffuser in the light beam. If the light beam is unmodified and the light source is in the first position, the controller automatically moves the light source to a second position. If the light beam is unmodified and the diffuser is in the light beam, the controller automatically removes the diffuser from the light beam.

Abstract: A lighting system that includes an extrusion having at least one T-shaped slot therein. The T-shaped slot has an opening along a length of the extrusion, with a lighting encasing unit inserted into the T-shaped slot. The lighting encasing unit includes a shaped light conducting encasement having an internal channel along at least a substantial portion of a length of the shaped light conducting encasement and a light emitting tape assembly inserted into the internal channel.

Abstract: A system for replacing linear fluorescent lamps with LED modules in a cabinet sign includes an LED module support structure. The LED module support structure may be attached to the raceways of the cabinet sign or to the sockets formerly used for mounting fluorescent lamps between the raceways.

Abstract: An LED light apparatus includes a light module, connecting arms and a driver box. The connecting arms are fixed to a back cover of the light module. The connecting arm has a guiding top and a lateral stopper for entering a receiver slit of the driver box. The lateral stopper and the guiding top may be made of one metal piece, and the lateral stopper is protruding at a lateral side of the connecting arm so that to fix the connecting arm to the driver box.

Abstract: A lighting assembly comprises a linearly extending luminaire having an electronic circuit board, an inner lens assembly attached to the forward facing surface of the electronic circuit board, the inner lens including an array of focused light sources, an outer lens disposed over the inner lens assembly, and a heatsink extending along the length of the linearly extending luminaire. A bracket is pivotally attached to the linearly extending luminaire, the bracket having an axis of rotation around a horizontal axis, whereby the linearly extending luminaire is separately rotatable along a horizontal axis relative to the elevated structure. The bracket also has an axis of rotation around a vertical axis, whereby the linearly extending luminaire is separately rotatable along a vertical axis relative to the elevated structure.

Abstract: A wavelength conversion device, an illumination device, and a projector that can efficiently cool a phosphor. A wavelength conversion device includes a substrate including a phosphor layer in which a phosphor is included, a rotating device configured to rotate the substrate, a circulating device that circulates a cooling gas to the substrate, and a housing configured to house the substrate and the circulating device. The housing includes a partition wall configured to separate a first space in which the cooling gas is circulated to the substrate by the circulating device and a second space in which the cooling gas radially delivered from the substrate according to the rotation of the substrate circulates.

Abstract: A light emitting apparatus having a housing including a portion defining a thermally conductive outer surface, a light source positioned within the housing, and an internal heat sink thermally coupling the light source and the thermally conductive outer surface portion of the housing. The light source may be a solid state device, such as a light emitting diode.

Abstract: A vapor proof LED luminaire having improved thermal management is provided. The luminaire includes a vapor proof interior having a heat sink with a central aperture within the vapor proof interior and wherein the heat sink is surrounded by a series of annular fins separated by annular slots. The luminaire includes an internal space of a hollow metallic cylinder connected to the central aperture at one end and having an LED proximate the other end of the hollow metallic cylinder. The internal space of the hollow metallic cylinder provides a conduit to the central aperture for air heated by the LED; and wherein the vapor proof LED luminaire does not comprise a heat pipe.