Abstract: A method for estimating sonic slowness comprising: obtaining (700) a plurality of sonic waveforms are received by a plurality of receivers of a logging tool after emission of a source sonic wave by a transmitter, obtaining (710) slowness models of the subterranean formation, a slowness model being defined by a at least one cell of constant slowness for at least one wave energy mode, computing (720), for each slowness model, a set of candidate travel times, a candidate travel time of a set of candidate travel times being computed for a wave energy mode and a position of a receiver of the plurality of receivers, computing (730) a relevance indicator for each set of candidate travel times based on the recorded sonic waveforms; searching (740) a match between the sets of candidate travel times and the recorded sonic waveforms by searching a relevance indicator which is optimum, computing (750) a sonic slowness estimate for the subterranean formation from a set of candidate travel times for which the relevance ind

Abstract: A method for estimating reservoir quality from a reflection seismic survey includes determining seismic interval velocity (or their inverse, interval transit time “ITT”) with respect to depth from the reflection seismic survey. A normal compaction trend of the seismic interval velocity with respect to depth is determined. A fractional amount of sand and a fractional amount of shale at at least one depth is determined based on deviation of the seismic interval velocity (or ITT) at the at least one depth from the normal compaction trend.

Abstract: The present application provides a seismic travel time tomographic inversion method based on two-point ray tracing comprising: collecting seismic data including direct wave travel time and reflected wave travel time; establishing an initial one-dimensional continuously layered model having continuously a varying intraformational velocity; representing a ray parameter p by a variable q, representing a source-receiver distance X by a function X=f(q) of the variable q, solving the function X=f(q) using a Newton iteration method; calculating a theoretical direct wave travel time and reflected wave travel time according to the ray parameter p; comparing the calculated theoretical arrival time with actual arrival time, using an optimal algorithm to adjust velocity parameters of the initial one-dimensional continuously layered model, until a difference between the theoretical direct wave travel time and reflected wave travel time and the actual direct wave travel time and reflected wave travel time complies with a p

Abstract: The technical solution of the present application is applicable to the technical field of geophysical exploration, and provides a surface wave prospecting method and an acquisition equipment. This method comprises: obtaining vibration data by a vibration collecting device; calculating a dispersion graph by applying a vector wavenumber transform method to the vibration data, extracting dispersion curves from the dispersion graph, wherein the dispersion curves include fundamental mode and higher modes of dispersion curves of surface wave; establishing an initial stratigraphic model according to the dispersion graph; and performing a dispersion curves inversion based on the initial stratigraphic model and an inversion algorithm.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method of determining at least a property of a material situated behind a casing of a borehole, wherein an image of a imaging parameter of the material, such as acoustic impedance, has been obtained. The method comprising identifying zones of the image corresponding to disturbance zones, based in particular on values of the imaging parameters or other measured parameters, deleting the data of the imaging parameter in each of the disturbance zones, reconstructing for each zone, data of the imaging parameter from the data of imaging parameter at the neighboring zones, and determining at least a property of the material based on the reconstructed image.

Abstract: Marine seismic use of a harmonic distorted signal can include calculating a source wavefield based on nearfield measurements of a direct arrival signal from a marine vibrator source including harmonic distortion, calculating a receiver wavefield based on far-field measurements of a signal from the marine vibrator source after reflection from a subsurface location, and performing a multidimensional deconvolution of a source ghost effect, a source signature effect, and the harmonic distortion from the calculated receiver wavefield to determine a reflectivity of the subsurface location with the harmonic distortion suppressed.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed relating to performing marine surveys with non-uniform spacing of survey elements in a cross-line direction. This may include, for example, performing a survey pass in a multi-pass survey by towing a plurality of sources and sensors in a towing pattern with non-uniform spacing between adjacent ones of the sources. In some embodiments, the non-uniform spacing between adjacent ones of the sources is determined based on a common mid-point (CMP) spacing parameter for the survey pass in the cross-line direction. The spacing parameter may relate, for example, to difference in average CMP spacing for different parts of the survey spread, variance in CMP spacing, and/or width of the survey spread for which a threshold CMP spacing distance is satisfied. In various embodiments, the disclosed techniques may improve survey resolution and/or accuracy and may require a smaller number of survey passes and/or a reduced amount of survey equipment relative to traditional techniques.

Abstract: A sensing circuit for metal object includes a resonating element, a power supply circuit, and a determining circuit. The resonant element is coupled to the power supply circuit and the determining circuit. The power supply circuit drives the resonating element to generate an oscillation, and the determining circuit determines the position of the metal object relative to the resonating element according to the energy change of the resonating element.

Abstract: Subsurface imaging with information of shape, volume, and dielectric properties is achieved with low frequencies and a ramp waveform. The low frequencies have a lower attenuation compared to the penetration losses of radar frequencies. The technique operates at wavelengths which are comparable to the object or void being imaged, and can be applied to detect and image underground aquifers, magma chambers, man-made tunnels and other underground structures.

Abstract: Methods and systems are presented in this disclosure for estimation of formation properties and pipe properties using ranging measurements. Embodiments of the present disclosure utilize ranging measurements to first determine a defined slope (e.g., leakage rate) of an electrical current signal flowing along a wellbore. The determined slope (e.g., leakage rate) may be then used to estimate properties of a formation surrounding the wellbore (e.g., formation resistivity) and properties of a conductive material (casing pipe) deployed in the wellbore (e.g., pipe resistance). Based on the estimated properties of the formation and the conductive material, drilling operation in a drilling well can be adjusted, and repair of defects or mechanical deformations on the casing pipe can be initiated.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for measuring oil content of a tight reservoir based on nuclear magnetic resonance includes applying a pulse sequence to a tight reservoir rock, and after applying a first pulse and a last pulse in the pulse sequence, applying a gradient magnetic field to the tight reservoir rock, respectively, directions of the two applied gradient magnetic fields being opposite to each other, wherein the pulse sequence is composed of three 90° pulses; acquiring a nuclear magnetic resonance signal of the tight reservoir rock; and determining oil content of the tight reservoir rock according to an intensity of the nuclear magnetic resonance signal. The method can accurately distinguish an oil phase nuclear magnetic resonance signal and a water phase nuclear magnetic resonance signal in nanopores of tight reservoir rock, thereby effectively improving the accuracy of the detection result of the oil content of the tight reservoir rock.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are described, such as for obtaining formation parameters of a geological formation. The method includes measuring a resistivity image of the geological formation. The measured resistivity image is compared to a modelled resistivity image where the modelled resistivity image is represented by estimated formation parameters. A cost function is calculated from the measure resistivity image and the modelled resistivity image. The estimated formation parameters are adjusted to generate a set of final formation parameters that represents a modelled resistivity image having a smallest cost function.

Abstract: In an embodiment a method of automatic adjustment of logging, processing, inversion, and visualization operations is disclosed. The method comprises gathering data about formation properties in a database, filtering the gathered data, generating rules based on the filtered data, and providing automatic adjustments to automatically adjust the logging, processing, inversion, and visualization operations. The gathered data includes a plurality of in-well measurement points and a plurality of wells in a given geological area. A quality factor is derived based on a difference between the automatic adjustments and parameters that an operator communicates as a best parameter. The quality factor is used to determine which of the gathered data is to be stored in the database. The rules are applied to a next iteration of data that is to be gathered. The method repeats until no further improvement is obtained.

Abstract: A whole-body transmission x-ray scanner includes an x-ray source, an x-ray camera, a controller, and a positioner aligning the source and camera to point x-rays towards the camera and moving the source and camera synchronously to scan and acquire radiographic images of an object located therebetween. The positioner includes a closed-loop cable alignment assembly fixed to the source and to the camera to maintain alignment of the source and camera during a scanning mode in which the source and camera move from one end of the object to another end. The positioner includes a motor controlled by the controller, a bi-directional crossover slide track bearing assembly connected to the source, and a conveyor connected to the motor and bearing assembly such that, actuation of the motor by the controller moves the slide track bearing assembly in a loop that correspondingly move the source and camera along a single linear axis.

Abstract: Techniques for evaluating hydrocarbon reserves using tool response models are provided. An example method includes measuring a first fluid distribution of a first formation proximate to a first wellbore and measuring a second fluid distribution of a second formation proximate to a second wellbore. The method further includes generating a first tool response model for the first formation based at least in part on the first fluid distribution and generating a second tool response model for the second formation based at least in part on the second fluid distribution. The method further includes comparing results of the first tool response model to results of the second tool response model to determine a fluid distribution difference between the first formation and the second formation and implementing a drilling command to alter drilling of one of the first and second wellbores based at least in part on the fluid distribution difference.

Abstract: A sensor assembly for gathering microclimate data comprises at least one sensor housing unit, which itself may comprise a plurality of protective structures. The protective structures may be disposed such that air flows between each of the protective structures. At least one sensor may be disposed within the protective structures, the sensor being configured to detect one or more of a temperature, a humidity level, and an atmospheric pressure. The sensor assembly may comprise a plurality of vertical guide posts configured to be affixed to and threaded through the plurality of protective structures and to be attached to an apparatus for affixing the vertical guide posts to the ground.

Abstract: One or more aspects of the present disclosure are directed to bladders that incorporate a multi-layer optical film that impart a structural color to the bladder. The present disclosure is also directed to articles including the bladders having a multi-layer optical film, and methods for making articles and bladders having a multi-layer optical film.

Abstract: One or more aspects of the present disclosure are directed to components having an optical element that imparts structural color to the component or article. The present disclosure is also directed to articles of manufacture including the component having an optical element, and methods for making components and articles having an optical element that imparts structural color.

Abstract: An optical element is provided that includes a substrate that is transparent in the visible spectral region and a multilayer anti-reflection coating on the substrate. The coating has alternating layers of layers having a first refractive index and of layers having a second, higher refractive index. The layers having the higher refractive index contain nitride or oxynitride and the layers having the first refractive index contain oxide of silicon and of at least one other element. The molar fraction of silicon in the layers having the first refractive index is predominant when compared to the molar fraction(s) of the other element or elements. The uppermost layer of the coating is a layer having the first refractive index. A layer of chain-form organofluoro molecules is disposed on the coating, wherein the molecules are bonded at the ends to the surface of the optical element.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an anti-reflective film including: a hard coating layer; and a low refractive index layer including a binder resin, and hollow inorganic nanoparticles and solid inorganic nanoparticles which are dispersed in the binder resin, wherein in a graph of the measurement of the friction force with a TAC film measured by applying a load of 400 g to the surface, the maximum amplitude (A) is 0.1 or less based on the average friction force.

Abstract: A primary object of the present invention is to provide a polarizing plate excellent in durability. A polarizing plate (100) according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a polarizer (10); and a protective film (21 and 22) arranged on at least one side of the polarizer (10). The polarizing plate (100) has a dimensional change ratio of ?0.2% or more in a transmission axis direction thereof when the polarizing plate (100) cut into a size measuring 100 mm by 100 mm is bonded to a glass plate with a pressure-sensitive adhesive and the following operation is repeated 100 times: the polarizing plate (100) bonded to the glass plate is left to stand under an atmosphere at ?40° C. for 30 minutes and then left to stand under an atmosphere at 85° C. for 30 minutes.

Abstract: A photo-emissive film is provided. The photo-emissive film is formed from a luminescent layer that is substantially transparent to at least one excitation wavelength and at least one emission wavelength. The luminescent layer has a first refractive index. A plurality of lenslets is at least partially embedded in the luminescent layer of the photo-emissive film in a substantially single plane. The plurality of lenslets has a second refractive index. The focal point of the plurality of lenslets is external to the plurality of lenslets and within the luminescent layer. The luminescent layer is formed from a polymer, a crystalline material, a glass, or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A variable focus lens comprising: at least two substrates having a gap defined therebetween; a fluid material disposed between the at least two substrates to form a fluid bridge with a fluid bridge interface, the fluid material having a predetermined volume; and wherein at least one of a magnitude of the gap, the predetermined volume, curvature of the at least two substrates, wettability of the at least two substrates, and electrical stress state on the fluid bridge interface determines a working distance of the lens.

Abstract: An illumination marker includes a light source and an optical attenuation cover coupled to the light source. The optical attenuation cover is configured to attenuate an intensity of light that passes through the optical attenuation cover based on a length of an optical path of the light through the optical attenuation cover. In some embodiments, the optical attenuation cover may be embodied as a physical barrier cover and include light-blocking structures. Additionally, in some embodiments, the illumination maker may include a diffusive or retro-reflective core rather than the light source.

Abstract: A diffraction optical element includes a first diffraction grating having a first grating surface and a first grating wall surface, a second diffraction grating having a second grating surface and a second grating wall surface, and a thin film configured to contact the first grating wall surface and the second grating wall surface. The predetermined conditions are satisfied.

Abstract: There is provided an optical member that can achieve a liquid crystal display apparatus having excellent durability and having a high color rendering property. An optical member according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a wavelength conversion layer; and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer. The wavelength conversion layer and/or the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer contains a wavelength-selective absorbent material.

Abstract: A display panel and a display apparatus including the display panel are provided. The display apparatus includes: a display panel; and a backlight unit configured to supply light to the display panel, wherein the display panel includes: a liquid crystal layer; a first polarizing plate disposed between the backlight unit and the liquid crystal layer; and a second polarizing plate facing the first polarizing plate with the liquid crystal layer disposed therebetween, and containing a light absorbing agent for absorbing light of a specific wavelength band, wherein the first polarizing plate includes: a first polarizing layer including a plurality of refracting layers having different refractive indexes; and at least one second polarizing layer disposed on the first polarizing layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a polarizing plate, the method including: preparing a polarizing plate where a protection film is laminated on one surface of a polyvinyl alcohol-based polarizer dyed with at least one or more of iodine and dichromatic dyes; and forming a depolarization region having single transmittance of 80% or more at a wavelength band in a range of 400 nm to 800 nm by bringing a decoloring solution including 1 to 30 wt % of a decolorant into local contact with the other surface of the polarizer, and a polarizing plate manufactured by using the same.

Abstract: An optically anisotropic layer including a polymer and a compound having a mesogen skeleton, wherein the polymer has a property such that a film of the polymer that is formed by a coating method using a solution of the polymer satisfies nz(P)>nx(P)?ny(P), wherein nx(P) is a refractive index in a direction which, among in-plane directions of the film, gives a maximum refractive index, ny(P) is a refractive index in a direction which is perpendicular to the direction of nx(P) among the in-plane directions of the film, and nz(P) a refractive index in a thickness direction of the film, and the compound having a mesogen skeleton shows an in-plane retardation with reverse wavelength distribution under specific conditions.

Abstract: A substrate, a display device and a method for manufacturing the substrate are provided. The substrate includes a base substrate and a wire grid array formed on the base substrate, wherein the wire grid array comprises a plurality of metal patterns arranged in sequence, and a width of a side of each of the metal patterns away from the base substrate is smaller than a width of a side of the metal pattern close to the base substrate.

Abstract: A luminous mouse pad includes a base plate, a light source, and a light-guiding pipe. The light source is disposed in the fixing unit. The light-guiding pipe is fixed on a periphery of the base plate. At least one end of the light-guiding pipe is adjacent to the light source and guides a light from the light source into the light-guiding pipe. The light-guiding pipe is exposed outside the periphery of the base plate, so that the light from the light source irradiates from a surface of the light-guiding pipe.

Abstract: Disclosed are systems and methods for imaging an object. For example, an optical sensor for imaging an input object, comprises: a sensor substrate comprising detector pixels; a scattering layer; a cover layer including a sensing surface, wherein the scattering layer is disposed between the sensor substrate and the cover layer; and, a light source. The optical sensor is configured to: illuminate the light source causing light beams to emanate from the light source to produce an effect of a point light source at the scattering layer; and acquire image data, from one or more detector pixels, of an input object in contact with the sensing surface, wherein the image data corresponds to light from the light source that is reflected at the sensing surface of the cover layer.

Abstract: A display apparatus and a backlight module are disclosed. The backlight module includes a light emitting assembly, configured to generate display lights; and a light guiding plate, configured to transmit the display lights to the display panel. The light guiding plate is divided into reflective areas and transmission areas; each medium in the reflective areas has a refractive index greater than that of each medium in the transmission areas. In this application, two media with different refractive indices are provided in the light guiding plate. In this way, the utilization rate of the energy of the back light source may be improved, the consumption of the display may be reduced, the power may be saved and the battery life of the display apparatus may also be extended.

Abstract: Provided is a compact light source device that can be manufactured at a low cost and is suitable as an illumination light source for a display device of an electronic device such as an HUD or an ultra-compact projector. This light source device includes a solid-state light source, a collimating optical system that converts light having exited the solid-state light source into a substantially collimated light; and a light guide that allows the light having exited the collimating optical system to enter and allows this light to exit in a direction that differs from a direction of entry. The light source device further includes a polarization converting element that aligns polarization directions of the light exiting the light guide into one direction.

Abstract: A light guide plate is provided in the invention. The light guide plate has a light incident surface, a bottom surface and a light exit surface. The bottom surface is opposite to the light exit surface. The light incident surface is connected between the bottom surface and the light exit surface. The light guide plate includes a plurality of light guide units and a plurality of microstructure units. The plurality of light guide units are convex to the bottom surface and arranged to be disposed along a direction parallel to the light incident surface. The plurality of light guide units is connected to each other on the light incident surface. The plurality of microstructure units are disposed corresponding to the plurality of light guide units respectively. Each of the microstructure units includes a plurality of microstructures. The invention further provides a backlight module having this light guide plate.

Abstract: A lighted trim apparatus includes a light guide sub-assembly. The light guide sub-assembly includes a translucent film layer having a darkening agent on a first surface of the film layer to define multiple translucent windows in the film layer. Multiple light emitting diodes are each mounted on the film layer proximate to one of the windows. A transparent material light guide is applied over the windows and allows light from the light emitting diodes to be transmitted through the windows. A substrate defining an opaque polymeric material layer is commonly applied over the light emitting diodes, the light guide and the first surface of the film and extends beyond a perimeter of the film layer. A transparent cover layer extends over a second surface of the film layer opposite to the first surface and a portion of the opaque polymeric material extends beyond the perimeter of the film layer.

Abstract: A light source device provided with a substrate having a mounting surface on which a light source is mounted; a light guide body having a light incident surface on which emitted light from the light source enters, a light emission surface by which light that entered from the light incident surface is emitted, and an opposite facing surface facing the light emission surface; and a support member for supporting the substrate so that the emitted light enters the light guide body from the light incident surface, the light source device characterized in that the mounting surface has a first region that is not directly facing the light incident surface, and a second region that is directly facing the light incident surface; the support member has a surface in contact with the back surface of the mounting surface, and has a holding part for holding the substrate, and a projecting part projecting from the holding part facing toward a region facing opposite the opposite facing surface, with a thermal insulation member

Abstract: Disclosed are a clamping method and a display device. The method includes providing a plastic frame, a backplate, an optical film and a light guide plate, and the plastic frame including a first clamping portion having a fixed column, and the backplate including a second clamping portion; forming a through hole at a position corresponding to the second clamping portion and the fixed column, and the through hole having a size bigger than the fixed column; installing the optical film and the light guide plate between the first clamping portion and the second clamping portion, and passing the fixed column through the through hole; and hot melting the part of the fixed column extending out of the through hole to form a hot melt portion wrapped around the through hole, so that the first and second clamping portions clamp the optical film and the light guide plate securely.

Abstract: A light pipe includes an emission end portion having a light exit surface; a columnar light-guide portion protruding from a surface of the emission end portion opposite to the light exit surface; and one or two or more annular light-guide portions protruding from the surface of the emission end portion opposite to the light exit surface and concentrically surrounding the columnar light-guide portion while spaced apart from the columnar light-guide portion.

Abstract: An optical fiber includes: a core; a cladding layer that is lower in refractive index than the core; and a depressed layer that lies between the core and the cladding layer and that is lower in refractive index than the cladding layer, wherein: the optical fiber has an effective core area Aeff that is equal to or greater than 100 ?m2 and equal to or less than 129 ?m2, the core has a radius r1 that is equal to or greater than 5.2 ?m and equal to or less than 7.4 ?m, the core has a refractive index volume Vcore that is equal to or greater than 8.5% ?m2 and equal to or less than 16.5% ?m2, the depressed layer has a refractive index volume Vdep that is equal to or greater than ?40% ?m2 and less than 0% ?m2.

Abstract: A hollow body for light guide cable for ultrashort pulse laser, which is characterized by a spherical shape and a bore for the insertion of an light guide fiber. Hollow body and hollow core fiber can be evacuated prior to bonding and/or filled with a gas at a defined pressure. The two hollow bodies are gas-tightly connected to the optical fiber.

Abstract: A device for optical communication is described. The device comprises two transceivers integrated on one chip. A first transceiver can be used with existing optical-communication architecture. As a more advanced optical-communication architecture becomes adopted, the device can be switched from using the first transceiver to using a second transceiver to communicate using the more advanced optical-communication architecture.

Abstract: A tube jacket slitting tool including first and second opposite tool portions, each tool portion including a common hinged portion at a first end for engaging the opposite tool portion. The first and second opposite tool portions are foldable about the hinged portion between an open position and a closed position. The tool includes at least one concave surface extending across the width of forming an opening, when the first and second opposite tool portions are in the closed position, through which a tube may be slid. The tool includes a blade extending inward into the opening for slitting a depth of the tube jacket as it is moved with respect to the tool. The tool includes a hinge pivot axis in the hinged portion extending in a direction substantially in the direction of the width and at an acute angle to either the plane or to the longitudinal axis of the tube or cable in the opening formed by the at least one concave surface.

Abstract: The present embodiment relates to a method for enabling axis alignment to realize a desired coupling state between CC-MCFs. In this method, a relative position and a relative angle for realizing a desired coupling state are determined by repeatedly performing a step of performing one or both of a relative movement and a relative rotation of a first CC-MCF and a second CC-MCF, and a step of calculating a coupling efficiency index between the first and second CC-MCFs by detecting light propagating through the first and second CC-MCFs, and comparing each of the obtained coupling efficiency indices.

Abstract: There is provided an integration-type optical modulation device which performs polarization-beam-combining on two linearly polarized light beams respectively output from a plurality of optical modulation elements and outputs the resultant beam so as to seek an improvement and stabilization of optical characteristics, miniaturization, and low cost.

Abstract: There is provided an integration-type optical modulation device which performs polarization-beam-combining on two linearly polarized light beams respectively output from a plurality of optical modulation elements and outputs the resultant beam so as to seek an improvement and stabilization of optical characteristics, miniaturization, and low cost.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a beam-parameter adjustment system and focusing system alters a spatial power distribution of a plurality of radiation beams before the beams are coupled into an optical fiber.

Abstract: In the examples provided herein, a system includes an input waveguide, where a first end of the input waveguide is coupled to a light-emitting optical transmitter to allow the emitted light to enter the input waveguide, and a first ring resonator tunable to be resonant at a first resonant wavelength, wherein the first ring resonator is positioned near the input waveguide to couple a light at the first resonant wavelength from the input waveguide to the first ring resonator. The system also has a bus waveguide positioned to couple the light at the first resonant wavelength in the first ring resonator to the bus waveguide, and a mechanism to wavelength-tune the first ring resonator to a particular wavelength.

Abstract: Near normal incidence MUX/DEMUX designs may include an optical demultiplexer coupled to a photonics die, where the optical demultiplexer comprises an input fiber, thin film filters at a first surface of a substrate, a first mirror at the first surface of the substrate, and a second mirror at a second surface of the substrate. The optical demultiplexer may receive an input optical signal comprising a plurality of wavelength optical signals, reflect the input optical signal from the first mirror to the second mirror, reflect the input optical signal from the second mirror to a first of the thin film filters, communicate an optical signal at a first wavelength to the photonics die while reflecting others to the second mirror, reflect the other signals to a second of the plurality of thin film filters, and communicate an optical signal at a second wavelength to the photonics die.

Abstract: In various embodiments, the beam parameter product and/or numerical aperture of a laser beam is adjusted utilizing a step-clad optical fiber having a central core, a first cladding, an annular core, and a second cladding.