Abstract: A control system for a spark-ignited gaseous fuel engine includes a fuel quality sensing mechanism, and a control device structured to receive data produced by the fuel quality sensing mechanism indicative of a change in energy content of a stream of gaseous fuel and air, and to vary an amount of an augmenting fuel that is injected into the stream of gaseous fuel and air based on the data. The strategy has application to low energy gaseous fuel and air mixtures such as are produced in mine ventilation.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for exhaust gas heat recovery using a bottoming cycle comprising an exhaust heat exchanger. In one example, a method may include maintaining a target thermal energy input to the heat exchanger by opportunistically flowing exhaust through the heat exchanger after storing a portion of thermal energy from the exhaust in a thermal storage device or prior to flowing exhaust through the heat exchanger, heating the exhaust by drawing thermal energy from the thermal storage device.

Abstract: A device for predicting an exhaust gas recirculation rate of an internal combustion engine, which comprises an inlet system and at least one exhaust gas recirculation valve, is described. The device comprises a sensor arranged in the inlet system for determining the composition of the gas, a sensor for determining the position of the exhaust gas recirculation valve, and an evaluation apparatus. The evaluation apparatus is configured to determine and output a prediction of the exhaust gas recirculation rate based on a corrected estimate of the exhaust gas recirculation rate, wherein the estimate is based on the position of the exhaust gas recirculation valve and is corrected based on the composition of the gas as determined using the sensor.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided to determine air-fuel imbalance of cylinders in a variable displacement engine. In one example, the method may include during a cylinder deactivation event, sequentially deactivating each cylinder of a cylinder group including two or more cylinders and estimating a lambda deviation for each cylinder following the sequential deactivation of each cylinder of the cylinder group; and learning an air error for each cylinder based on the estimated lambda deviation.

Abstract: If the rotation speed of the output shaft of an engine exceeds a lower limit engine rotation speed, and the rotation speed of an input shaft exceeds a lower limit input shaft rotation speed, the control apparatus of this invention executes cylinder deactivation control of decreasing the number of operating cylinders by stopping the operations of some of a plurality of cylinders based on a cylinder deactivation upper limit engine torque set by referring to a cylinder deactivation control table corresponding to the gear range of an automatic transmission.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for a particulate matter sensor. In one example, the sensor may include a concave inlet for admitting exhaust gas from an exhaust passage downstream of a particulate filter into the sensor.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for adapting the composition of a mixture of fuel and combustion air. The mixture is supplied to a combustion chamber of a mixture-lubricated combustion engine in a work apparatus. The fuel is supplied to the combustion engine via a controlled fuel valve. In an operating state (I) of the combustion engine, the quantity of fuel is metered by the fuel valve. For the purpose of adapting the composition of the mixture, the combustion engine is shifted into a special operating state (II) which differs from the normal operating state (I). After starting, the combustion engine is operated in a first rotational speed range (B) for a prespecified operating time (Tmin), wherein, after the prespecified operating time (Tmin) has elapsed, the operating state (II) for adapting the composition of the mixture is initiated by a prespecified user action.

Abstract: A safety device intended to detect a leakage in a dry area of an automotive liquid used in a fluid circuit onboard a vehicle, the automotive liquid containing at least one dangerous substance other than water, such as urea, the device including a detection cell sensitive, on the one hand, to the presence of a liquid in the dry area and, on the other hand, to the possible dangerous substance content of the liquid, the device also including a selective analysis unit, capable of distinguishing on the one hand whether the detection cell is in the presence of a liquid or not, and on the other hand, in the presence of liquid, whether the present liquid corresponds to the automotive liquid containing the dangerous substance or to another liquid, called neutral liquid, such as a water condensate.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for learning fuel injector error for cylinder groups during a deceleration fuel shut-off (DFSO), where all cylinders of an engine are deactivated, sequentially firing each cylinder of a cylinder group, each cylinder fueled via consecutive first and second fuel pulses of differing fuel pulse width from an injector. Based on a lambda deviation between the first and second pulses, a fuel error for the injector and an air-fuel ratio imbalance for each cylinder is learned. Alternatively or additionally, a difference in crankshaft acceleration between the first and second pulses relative to the expected deviation may be used to learn torque error, and adjust fuel injector error and air-ratio imbalance for each cylinder.

Abstract: A method of resuming multi-port injection using an intake stroke of an engine includes performing a first refueling with immediate start of ignition injection at the time when an injection abortion angle does not pass through an intake stroke, when injection is determined to be resumed after coasting by a controller. The method can minimize an engine RPM drop caused by the early generation of torque. The method improves fuel efficiency while being advantageous to calibration of the engine by setting the engine RPM to be low at the time of fuel cut-in.

Abstract: A water jacket for a cylinder head includes: an upper body disposed at an upper part of the cylinder head inside the cylinder head and through which a coolant flows; a lower body disposed under the upper body inside the cylinder head and through which the coolant flows; and a connector disposed corresponding to a position of an exhaust valve between the upper body and the lower body and integrally connected to the upper body and the lower body. Tt least one penetration hole is formed in the connector along a length direction.

Abstract: In a saddle-ride type vehicle in which a cylinder head of a single-cylinder engine main unit has a front wall and a rear wall, an exhaust system being connected to the front wall and an intake system being connected to the rear wall, a joining surface of the cylinder head to a head cover is formed on a plane crossing a cylinder axis, the plane being inclined downward toward a front. Rotation axes of camshafts are arranged on the plane. An axis of a valve stem of a throttle valve is arranged on the plane. A curve cover curved so as to cover driven sprockets fixed to the camshafts is formed on one side in a vehicle width direction of the head cover. A drum housing box housing a throttle drum fixed to one end of the valve stem is arranged close to the curve cover.

Abstract: A structural frame is provided. The structural frame includes a bottom surface, first and second cylinder block sidewall engaging surfaces, the first and second cylinder block sidewall engaging surfaces positioned above the bottom surface at a height that is above a centerline of a crankshaft support included in a cylinder block when the structural frame is coupled to the cylinder block.

Abstract: Actuator assembly includes a housing assembly, a ball screw, a ball nut, and a lock. The ball screw is rotationally mounted on and extends from the housing assembly, is coupled to receive an actuator drive torque, and is configured, upon receipt thereof, to rotate. The ball nut is rotationally supported on the ball screw and is configured, in response to rotation of the ball screw, to translate thereon between a stowed position and a deployed position. The lock is disposed at least partially within the housing assembly and is configured to move between a lock position and an unlock position. The lock prevents the ball nut from translating out of the stowed position when the lock is in the lock position and the ball nut is in the stowed position.

Abstract: A fan nozzle for an aircraft gas turbine engine is comprised of a core engine cowl that is disposed within a fan cowl so that an air flow area is defined therebetween. The core engine cowl and fan cowl are disposed around a horizontal central plane. The fan cowl has a substantially circular shape and is formed of an upper substantially semi-circular portion having a first radius and a lower substantially semi-circular portion having a second radius. The core engine cowl has a substantially circular shape and is formed of an upper substantially semi-circular portion having a third radius and a lower substantially semi-circular portion having a third radius. The upper substantially semi-circular portion of the core engine cowl includes a left arcuate member and a right arcuate member. The second radius is less than the first radius and the third radius is less than the fourth radius.

Abstract: This present invention relates to the field of carburetor, in particular, relates to a fuel enrichment simple starting device and method of carburetor, using pre-injection technology to achieve engine fuel enrichment start, That is, in the first step squeeze the purge bulb, pre-inject the quantitative fuel, and then use the choke of the large volume air to achieve simple start, steps: the first step, squeeze the purge bulb; the second step, close the choke; the third step, pull the engine starter to the engine running; the fourth step, increase and decrease the throttle to normal running. If using the fuel enrichment simple starting device and method of carburetor in the present invention, the engine can be started completely by above four steps, the starting device has the advantages of simple operation, less starting times and easy to start at low temperature (such as 0° C.).

Abstract: There is disclosed a modular, linearly actuated high-pressure pump for use in various applications with high-pressure fuel systems, in particular liquid cryogenic fuels such as Natural Gas, Hydrogen, Nitrogen and Argon (LNG/LH2/LN2/LAR). The pump utilizes linear actuation which smooths out the power profile. There are no dynamic seals which prevents failure from leakage. The primary benefit of a smooth, no pulse output and lack of dynamic seals is a longer life of the pump. Marine fuel systems that utilize cryogenic LNG are a primary application.

Abstract: A fuel injection device, for a gas turbine, which enhances uniform distribution in concentration of fuel gas and water vapor in a combustion chamber with simple structure and at low cost to effectively reduce NOx, is provided. The fuel injection device with a fuel nozzle to mix fuel gas and water vapor and inject the fuel gas and water vapor into a combustion chamber, includes: a nozzle housing having a mixing chamber thereinside; a first introduction passage to introduce the fuel gas into the mixing chamber from outside of the nozzle housing; and a second introduction passage to introduce the water vapor into the mixing chamber from an outside of the nozzle housing; and a plurality of reverse passages communicating with a downstream end of the mixing chamber and configured to allow for a plurality of reverses of flow of mixed gas from the mixing chamber.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for conducting tests for undesired evaporative emissions on a vehicle fuel system and evaporative emissions system. In one example, a method may include learning routes commonly traveled by the vehicle, including altitude changes and stop durations, and may further include diagnosing the fuel system and evaporative emissions system based on the learned altitude changes in one example, and may include diagnosing the fuel system and evaporative emissions system based on a learned stop duration in another example. By conducting tests for undesired evaporative emissions as a function of learned travel routes, completion rates for tests for undesired evaporative emissions tests may be increased, and the release of undesired evaporative emissions to atmosphere may be reduced.

Abstract: A water heater has a gas burner in a combustion chamber below a tank. The burner has a venturi tube oriented in a collection housing, which receives a mixture of air and fuel from a duct at least partially protruding from a periphery of an exterior wall of the water heater. In some embodiments, the duct abuts the venturi tube within a collection housing in the combustion chamber.

Abstract: Systems and methods for operating a turbocharged engine are described. In one example, a system comprises a cylinder head having a first and second exhaust duct separately coupled to first and second groups of cylinders, each of the first and second exhaust ducts leading to an exhaust driven turbine mounted inside the cylinder head on a bearing, the bearing located within a bearing housing supported by the cylinder head. In this way, exhaust pulses remain separate up to the turbine mounted inside the cylinder head.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for an EGR system including an EGR cooler module directly mounted to a cylinder head. In one example, the EGR cooler module includes an EGR inlet port, an EGR outlet port, a coolant inlet port, and a coolant outlet port all arranged parallel with each other and directly mounted to a first side of a cylinder head to interface with passages internal to the cylinder head. In another example, the EGR cool module includes an EGR inlet port and a coolant inlet port parallel to each other and directly mounted to a first side of a cylinder head to interface with passages internal to the cylinder head, while also including an EGR outlet port and a coolant outlet port to interface with passages external to the cylinder head.

Abstract: An engine cooling system having an EGR cooler is disclosed. The system includes a cylinder head provided on a cylinder block, a coolant pump that pumps a coolant to a coolant inlet side of the cylinder block, an EGR cooler that is branched from a coolant line between the coolant pump and the cylinder block, and is provided in a circulation line through which a coolant is recirculated to an inlet of the coolant pump, and a coolant control valve unit that is provided in a coolant output side of the cylinder head to receive a coolant exhausted from the cylinder head and a coolant exhausted from the cylinder block and controls coolants distributed to coolant parts.

Abstract: A fuel pump controller having an integrated air filter includes: a mounting plate fixed to a fuel tank; a motor driver provided on the mounting plate; an air filter having a filter sheet disposed inside a filter case to remove a foreign substance from air and having an air inlet port for air introduction; and an air outlet port for discharging the air, which has passed through the filter sheet. The filter case is integrally disposed on the mounting plate to enable heat exchange between the air passing therethrough and the motor driver.

Abstract: An engine air induction system includes an air box and a hood insulator. The air box has an open top and a perimeter seal extending continuously around the open top. The hood insulator has a body including an air box closeout feature providing a continuous interface with the perimeter seal when a hood assembly incorporating the hood insulator is in a closed position. A related method of sealing an open top on an air box of a motor vehicle is also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is an air filter using high density filter paper. The filter paper may include a thermally bonded non-woven fabric filter paper 10 having air permeability to filter foreign materials of passed polluted air and change the polluted air to fresh air. The non-woven fabric filter paper includes wrinkled portions 10-1 and 10-N that are folded at a predetermined interval. A thickness of the wrinkle portions 10-1 and 10-N are provided with dense layers 15 and 17 comprising a first polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber 20-2 that can shrink by heat and a second polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber 20-1 that deforms upon by heat treatment.

Abstract: A vacuum system is provided. The vacuum system includes a vacuum aspirator coupled to a housing of an intake manifold, the vacuum aspirator including an air intake port, a vacuum port, and a manifold port. The vacuum system also includes a manifold vacuum passage and a vacuum reservoir passage traversing the housing of the intake manifold, the manifold vacuum passage coupled to the manifold port and the vacuum reservoir passage coupled to the vacuum port.

Abstract: A gasoline fuel supply system includes a feed pump part, an inline pump part, and a high-pressure pump part. The feed pump part includes a non-positive displacement electric pump, and pumps a gasoline fuel from a fuel tank and discharges at a feed pressure. The inline pump part includes a non-positive displacement mechanical pump, and pressurizes the gasoline fuel discharged from the feed pump part and discharges at a middle pressure. The high-pressure pump part includes a positive displacement mechanical pump, and pressurizes the gasoline fuel discharged from the inline pump part and discharges at a supply pressure to a fuel injection valve.

Abstract: A fuel injector is provided. The fuel injector includes a sleeve having a first end proximate an outlet; a piston slidingly received in the sleeve, the piston having a first end proximate the outlet; a pumping chamber at least partially defined by the sleeve between the first end of the piston and the outlet; and a normally-open inlet valve through which fuel passes to enter the pumping chamber.

Abstract: An injector for injecting fluid with a valve assembly including a valve body and a valve needle, the needle including an armature retainer and being operable to prevent and to enable injection of fluid, and with an electromagnetic actuator assembly, operable to exert a force for influencing a position of the valve needle, including a pole piece and an armature. The pole piece is positionally fixed with the valve body. The armature is operable to be axially displaced relative to the pole piece and to take along the armature retainer when being displaced towards the pole piece. A fluid channel is defined by the armature retainer constriction surface and the pole piece constriction surface. A hydraulic diameter of the fluid channel is at least twice at large when the valve needle is in a closing position compared to the hydraulic diameter at a maximum displacement away from the closing position.

Abstract: A fuel injector includes an injector housing, a longitudinally movable nozzle needle, and a force sensing element. The injector housing defines a nozzle chamber, a pressure chamber, and a measuring chamber. The nozzle chamber is configured to be supplied with pressurized fuel via a feed line formed in the injector housing. The pressure chamber is configured to be hydraulically connected to the feed line. The nozzle needle is disposed in the nozzle chamber and is configured to open and to close at least one spray hole. The force sensing element is disposed in the measuring chamber and is configured to detect a pressure in the pressure chamber. The measuring chamber is separated from the pressure chamber by a diaphragm-like intermediate wall. The force sensing element supports the intermediate wall.

Abstract: A high-pressure pump includes a plunger reciprocating in conjunction with rotation of a rotational shaft to be able to change a volume of a pressurizing chamber and a control valve having a first valve body and a second valve body disposed in a fuel suction passage that communicates with the pressurizing chamber and supplies/blocks fuel to/from the pressurizing chamber by displacing the valve body in an axial direction by switching between energization and non-energization of a coil. An ECU adjusts a fuel discharge amount of the high-pressure pump by switching a valve opening and a valve closing of the control valve by the energization control of the coil. The ECU detects movement of the valve body with respect to a drive command of the valve opening or the valve closing of the control valve and executes an actuation determination of the high-pressure pump on the basis of a detection result.

Abstract: An inlet valve assembly for a fuel pump comprises a valve assembly inflow path and valve assembly outflow path; a magnetic valve member situated in an intermediate flow path fluidly linking the inflow path and the outflow path; a magnetic pole adjacent the valve member; and a selectively energizable coil for generating a magnetic flux directly magnetically coupling the pole and the valve member; whereby the valve member opens and closes fluid communication between the inflow path and the outflow path in response to the energized state of the coil.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to high-pressure fuel pumps and the teaching may be applied to pumps in which a pump piston, by means of which a fuel is acted on with a high pressure, is guided in a guiding sleeve. In some embodiments, a high-pressure fuel pump may include: a housing having a housing recess; a pump piston for pressurizing a fuel; and a guiding sleeve arranged in the housing recess and guiding the pump piston. The guiding sleeve is connected to the housing recess with a materially engaging connection.

Abstract: A chemical scavenging component includes a porous body that has a radical-scavenging material. The radical-scavenging material has a composition of, by weight, greater than 50% of cerium oxide that is chemically active with regard to oxygen-containing radicals.

Abstract: A method for determining the movement behavior of a fuel injector having a coil drive includes: (a) applying an electrical excitation to a coil of the coil drive, which prompts an opening movement of a valve needle; (b) recording the temporal progression of a first electrical measurement variable of the coil; (c) determining the time when the opening movement ends based on the recorded temporal progression of the first electrical measurement variable; (d) modifying the electrical excitation of the coil such that the valve needle performs a closing movement; (e) recording the temporal progression of a second electrical measurement variable of the coil; and (f) determining the time when the closing movement ends based on the recorded temporal progression of the second electrical measurement variable. One of the two measurement variables is the voltage present at the coil and the other is the intensity of current flowing through the coil.

Abstract: A method of controlling fuel delivery to an engine includes providing a fluid atomizer, a mechanically driven air compressor, a start up air source, and an air valve coupled between the mechanically driven air compressor and the start up air source, charging the start up air source, delivering compressed air from the start up air source to the fluid atomizer, providing an initial air/fluid mixture with the fluid atomizer, and operating the air valve to direct compressed air from the mechanically driven air compressor to the fluid atomizer.

Abstract: A starter for an internal combustion engine includes a multi-phase brushless electric motor, a controller and an inverter. A method for controlling the starter includes determining initial current commands for operating the electric motor in response to an activation command. Electrical current supplied to the electric motor and a rotational position of an output member of the electric motor are monitored. The electrical current is monitored directly without an intervening current prediction step. Interim voltage commands are determined based upon the initial current commands and the monitored currents, and final voltage commands are determined by subjecting the interim voltage commands to voltage limits. A rotational position compensation term is determined based upon the rotational position and rotational speed of the electric motor, and operation of the inverter is controlled to control the electric motor based upon the final voltage commands and the rotational position compensation term.

Abstract: An electronic ignition system for an internal combustion engine comprises an ignition coil (2) provided with at least a primary winding (3) and a secondary winding (4), a switch (6) connected to the primary winding (3) and drivable in an open and/or closed position according to the value of a driving signal, a control unit (7) associated to the switch (6) and configured to drive it in open and/or closed position according to the value of the driving signal (G). Such system also comprises a voltage changing electronic element (8) connected to the electrical connection (5), operatively interposed between the electrical connection (5) and the primary winding (3), and configured to change the voltage value of the primary winding (3) according to the value of a control signal between at least a first (V1) and a second (V2) voltage value.

Abstract: Power generating equipment includes a support structure adapted to be disposed on the bed of a body of water having a surface above the bed; and a buoyant power generating apparatus having positive buoyancy releasably connectable to the support structure, the power generating apparatus being adapted to be released from the support structure and to make controlled free ascent to the surface of the water following such release.

Abstract: A floating body for tidal current power generation of the present invention comprises: a power generation unit comprising a water wheel and a power generator connected to the water wheel; and a body part provided with tidal current inlet and outlet paths having a cross-sectional area that is gradually reduced from the front and rear surfaces thereof toward the water wheel. According to the present invention, a plurality of floating bodies for tidal current power generation are disposed in parallel so that the longitudinal direction of the tidal current inlet and outlet paths coincides with the direction of the tidal current in a terrain such as a strait with a narrow width. In addition, provided is a power generation method which is a method for adjusting the draft of a floating body for tidal current power generation depending on the flow velocity of the tidal current, thereby smoothly performing power generation even when the flow velocity of the tidal current becomes slower as tidal stand nears.

Abstract: A wind turbine blade having a transition between two reinforcement fiber types is described. A gradual transition is provided by a combined double-tapered thickness section with a first type of reinforcement fibers sandwiched between a second type of reinforcement fibers or vice versa. The double-tapering is provided during layup and the reinforcement material is impregnated with a polymer resin and then cured or hardened so that the two types of reinforcement fibers are embedded in a common polymer matrix.

Abstract: The invention provides a wind turbine blade having a Radar Absorbing Material (RAM) and a lightning protection system arranged for guaranteeing the performance of the lightning protection system and the integrity of the RAM. The lightning protection system has lightning receptors located at a tip region and one or two down-conductors disposed inside of the wind turbine blade for driving lightning current to ground. The RAM covers the entire wind turbine blade except the tip region and has at least a functional layer and a reflector layer connected to the one or two down conductors by means of auxiliary cables.

Abstract: A rotor blade of a wind turbine, wherein the rotor blade includes a first rotor blade segment and a second rotor blade segment is provided. The first rotor blade segment is connected with the second rotor blade segment by at least one bolted joint. The bolted joint includes a first attachment unit, which is attached to the first rotor blade segment, and a second attachment unit, which is attached to the second rotor blade segment. Finally, the bolted joint includes a threaded fastener which connects the first attachment unit with the second attachment unit. Furthermore, the invention is also related to a wind turbine including at least one such rotor blade.

Abstract: A vortex generator for a wind turbine blade to be mounted to a wind turbine blade includes: a platform portion to be mounted to a surface of the wind turbine blade; and at least one fin disposed upright on the platform portion. The platform portion has a cross section having a curved convex shape, at least along a blade spanwise direction of the wind turbine blade.

Abstract: A fluid turbine is provided, comprising a rotor with a rotation axis and at least two rotor blades arranged within a housing, wherein a top and a bottom of the housing are arranged essentially perpendicular to the rotation axis, wherein the rotor is rotatable relative to the housing, and wherein at least one support element is arranged between the top and the bottom of the housing. Due to the at least one support element, the fluid turbine has particularly high efficiency.

Abstract: An apparatus with rotating turbine including: a cage rotating around a cage axis, wherein the rotation of the cage around the cage axis induces a lift of the apparatus above the ground; and a plurality of turbines located within the cage, each turbine rotating around a respective turbine axis different from the cage axis, and including a turbine blade having an adaptable shape; a frame including a first frame portion and a second frame portion coupled to the first frame portion, and wherein the first frame portion pivots relative to the second frame portion; a connection between an end of the frame and a region of the frame away from the end of the frame.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a wind turbine control method that makes it possible to detect misalignments in said wind turbine with respect to the wind direction, wherein once these situations are detected, the control method of the present invention makes it possible to perform an automatic correction of the control parameters and to return the wind turbine to its optimal operating point, together with the associated wind turbine.

Abstract: Historical power output measurements of a wind turbine for a time period immediately preceding a specified past time are received. Historical wind speed micro-forecasts for the wind turbine for a time period immediately preceding the specified past time and for a time period immediately following the specified past time are received. The historical wind speed micro-forecasts are converted to wind power values. Based on the historical power output measurements and the wind power output values, a machine learning model for predicting wind power output is trained. Real-time power output measurements of the wind turbine and real-time wind speed micro-forecasts for the wind turbine are received. The real-time wind speed micro-forecasts are converted to real-time wind power values. Using the machine learning model with the real-time power output measurements and the real-time wind power values, a wind power output forecast for the wind turbine at a future time is outputted.

Abstract: A system for monitoring the deflection of a wind turbine blade is described. The system comprises a wireless range-measurement system, having at least one wireless communication device located towards the root end of the blade and at least one wireless communication device located towards the tip end of the blade. The root end device is provided on a bracket projecting from the external surface of the blade, to provide a communication path between the root end and tip end devices which is less susceptible to interference from multipath effects, etc. There is further provided a method to derive tilt and yaw moments from measured deflections. A control method for such a system is also described, wherein the signal gain of the communication path may be varied based at least in part upon the deflection characteristics of the wind turbine blade.