Abstract: An apparatus and method for replenishing urease in a sorbent cartridge for use in sorbent dialysis. The system is configured to allow insertion of a urease pouch, injection of a urease solution, or addition of a urease cartridge, into a dialysis cabinet containing a dialysis flow loop. The urease can be dissolved and the resulting urease solution added to the sorbent cartridge in the flow loop to replenish the urease within the sorbent cartridge. The sorbent cartridge can also comprise other, rechargeable, sorbent materials for removing toxins other than urea from spent dialysate.

Abstract: A solvent delivery system for a liquid chromatography system may include a first gradient proportioning valve in fluidic communication with a first plurality of sources of solvent and producing therefrom a first low-pressure gradient stream. The solvent delivery system may further include a second gradient proportioning valve in direct fluidic communication with an inlet of the first gradient proportioning valve and with a second plurality of sources of solvent, the second gradient proportioning valve producing a second low-pressure gradient stream from the second plurality of sources of solvent, wherein one solvent source of the first plurality of sources of solvent used by the first gradient proportioning valve to produce the first low-pressure gradient stream comprises the second low-pressure gradient stream. The solvent delivery system may also include a first pump in direct fluidic communication with the first gradient proportioning valve to receive and pressurize the first low-pressure gradient stream.

Abstract: Chromatography devices and methods for forming and using the devices are described. The devices include a polyimide-based support phase and a polymer grafted to a surface of the polyimide-based support phase. A microwave-assisted graft polymerization protocol is described to form the polymer at the surface of the support phase. Devices can be utilized in high-efficiency separation of macromolecules such as proteins.

Abstract: A treatment system for treating a liquid containing contaminants is provided. The system can include a separation apparatus, an oxidation reactor and a power supply. The separation apparatus can include: a housing capable of maintaining a pressure of 50 psi or greater in an interior space; an inlet; an outlet; and an electrode assembly provided in the housing. The oxidation reactor can include: a housing defining an interior space; an inlet oriented to induce swirling in an incoming flow of liquid in the interior space of the housing, the inlet connected to the outlet of the separation apparatus; an ozone port leading into the housing; an outlet; and a conduit connected at a bottom end to the outlet and extending vertically in the housing to an opening at a top end. The power supply operative to supply a voltage to the first and second electrical conductors of the separation apparatus.

Abstract: An extrusion system for separating particulates entrained in wash water, e.g. from harvesting tuberous produce, includes a settling tank configured to receive a flow of particulated water. A diffuser suspended within the tank converts the flow of particulated water into multiple transverse flows to avoid churning settled particulates. A particulate filter fixed within the tank includes a central channel surrounded by a cylindrical array of cantilevered parallel vertical blades. The channel directs the flows below the blades, causing dynamic movement of the blades as the particulated water rises therebetween to trap particulates along boundary layers, promote particulate settling by gravity, and allow clarified water to rise to the top of the tank. A sensor detects settled particulate reaching a predetermined setpoint, and in response the system actuates an auger and opens a pinch valve to force concentrated particulate from the bottom of the tank.

Abstract: A method of separating carbon nanotubes by electronic type includes centrifuging a carbon nanotube composition in contact with a first fluid medium comprising a first density gradient; and separating the carbon nanotube composition into two or more separation fractions. The carbon nanotube composition comprises two or more non-ionic amphiphilic surface active components and a carbon nanotube population comprising double-walled carbon nanotubes having a semiconducting outer wall (s-DWCNTs), and double-walled carbon nanotubes having a metallic outer wall (m-DWCNTs). The two or more separation fractions comprise a first separation fraction comprising a carbon nanotube subpopulation comprising a higher percentage of s-DWCNTs than the carbon nanotube population, and a second separation fraction comprising a carbon nanotube subpopulation comprising a higher percentage of m-DWCNTs than the carbon nanotube population.

Abstract: A pleated double layer media is used in a water purifier. Each layer of the pleated double sheet includes a ply made of a material that catches pathogens and a ply made of material that kills pathogens. The layers are pleated together and joined with a cap to form the water purifier, resulting in a better sealed, stronger water purifier capable of catching and killing pathogens.

Abstract: A separating system and method, of which the separating system includes a lower vessel including an inlet configured to receive a mixed fluid comprising a solid and a liquid. The lower vessel is configured to separate at least some of the solid from the liquid so as to produce a partially-separated fluid. The system also includes a first screen vessel configured to receive at least a portion of the partially-separated fluid, the first screen vessel including a first shell, and a first screen that is positioned within the first shell and at least partially removable therefrom, and a second screen vessel spatially oriented parallel to the first screen vessel and configured to receive at least a portion of the partially-separated fluid. The second screen vessel includes a second shell and a second screen that is positioned within the second shell and is at least partially removable therefrom.

Abstract: A backflushing filter having an inlet, an outlet, and a drain; a filter that divides a housing into an inlet chamber that is connected to the inlet and an outlet chamber that is connected to the outlet; a backflushing device having a suction element arranged so that it is able to rotate around the filter on the inlet side of the housing with at least one suction opening that is oriented in the suction direction toward the filter for filter-cleaning purposes; a backflushing duct connected to a suction opening and an outlet opening; and a rotating device which drives the rotational movement of the suction element around the filter when a pressure drop occurs in the backflushing duct; wherein when the pressure drop in the back flushing duct occurs, the rotating device drives the rotational movement of the suction element by the suction direction of the suction opening that is inclined relative to the radial direction of the suction element.

Abstract: A fluid filtration assembly includes a filter housing having first and second ends and a connector for fluid communication with a fluid storage vessel. A filter element is disposable within the filter housing, and first and second pumps are coupled at the first and second ends of the filter housing. A controller may coordinate the operation of the first and second pumps to induce alternating tangential flow of fluid between the filter housing and the first and second pumps. At least one of the first and second pumps is a diaphragm pump or a plunger pump. The fluid storage vessel can be a bioreactor.

Abstract: A fluid filtration assembly includes a filter housing having a first end for fluid connection with a fluid storage vessel. A filter cartridge is disposable within the filter housing, and a plunger pump is coupled at a second end of the filter housing. The plunger pump includes a housing having a rigid portion and a flexible portion. The flexible portion has a plunger-engaging portion for coupling to the plunger of an actuator. The flexible portion selectively movable with respect to the rigid portion via the actuator. The filter cartridge can be a hollow fiber filter. The plunger pump can be configured to induce alternating tangential flow in at least a portion a the assembly. The fluid filtration assembly can be provided as a disposable single-use arrangement.

Abstract: A water filter assembly includes a manifold mountable to a water conduit. An end of the water conduit is receivable between a manifold body and a mounting clamp of the manifold. A fastener is configured for drawing the manifold body and the mounting clamp together in order to clamp the water conduit to the manifold. A face seal is configured to be compressed between the manifold body and the mounting clamp when the fastener draws the manifold body and the mounting clamp together. An O-ring is positionable on the water conduit such that the O-ring extends between an inner surface of the manifold body and an inner surface of the mounting clamp.

Abstract: A water filter media includes a pathogen-killing ply made of an electrospun high temperature thermoplastic elastomer impregnated with biocides on a structural scrim layer, and a pathogen-catching ply made of pathogen-catching materials. The pathogen-killing ply and the pathogen-catching ply are thermally bonded to each other in the media.

Abstract: A composite material for purifying air includes a porous foam material which is an open-cell polyurethane foam net; and a mixture sprayed on the interior and/or the surface of the porous foam material, the mixture including an absorbent material, a treating agent and an adhesive; wherein the adsorptive material is diatomite, and the treating agent is alkali solution.

Abstract: A ceramic filter 1 requires a permeation time ranging from 3 seconds to 15 seconds in a case where 150 ml of hot water having a temperature of 90° C. is introduced, has a total pore volume of 0.230 to 0.270 cm3/g, and has a median pore diameter of 100 to 160 ?m. A method for manufacturing the ceramic filter 1 includes a kneading process of obtaining a kneaded material in which 55 to 65 mass % of alumina, 6 to 12 mass % of bentonite, 6 to 10 mass % of water-insoluble organic fine particles, and 15 to 30 mass % of water are mixed, a primary molding process of molding a primary molded article by manually pressing the kneaded material against a filter mold, a secondary molding process of molding a secondary molded article by performing press working on the primary molded article molded in the primary molding process, and a firing process of firing the secondary molded article molded in the secondary molding process.

Abstract: A method for producing a ceramic honeycomb filter having a ceramic honeycomb structure having plugs in predetermined cells: comprising using an apparatus having a reservoir having an inlet for a plugging material slurry and an upper opening, a porous plate with pluralities of openings covering the upper opening of the reservoir, and a holding member fixed to an upper end of the reservoir; keeping a lower surface of the sealing film attached to a lower end surface of the ceramic honeycomb structure apart from an upper surface of the porous plate by a distance D of more than 0 mm and 2.0 mm or less; supplying a predetermined volume of the plugging material slurry into the reservoir to introduce it into the predetermined cells of the ceramic honeycomb structure; rotating the ceramic honeycomb structure after sealing of the ceramic honeycomb structure is released; and lifting the ceramic honeycomb structure after the rotation starts.

Abstract: An air filter for a fresh air system of an internal combustion engine may include a filter housing including a housing lid and a filter element arranged exchangeably in the filter housing separating a raw side from a pure side. The filter element may include an annular filter body, a first end plate, and a second end plate. A dust collector space may be disposed in the filter housing on the raw side and may be delimited axially by the housing lid and the first end plate. The housing lid may have a step which may radially delimit the dust collector space. A connection may be disposed in a circumferential section of the dust collector space which is not bordered by the step. The step may have a radial aperture fluidically connecting the dust collector space to a discharge stub, the radial aperture arranged diametrically opposite the connection.

Abstract: A dry filter 1 to be used in particular in underground mining and tunnel construction having a frame construction 17 into which the required part housings 25-28 can be inserted from the side. The required partition wall 8 is arranged so that an optimal large filtering surface is available both for the incoming raw gas and for the outflowing clean gas. Raw gas duct 5 and clean gas duct 6 run horizontally one above the other and are separated from each other by the sloping 8. This means that a very large filtering surface is available.

Abstract: Provided is a centrifuge media separator for separating blast particulate from fine particulate carried by air flowing from a blast cabinet and through the media separator. The centrifuge media separator comprises an upper panel, a lower panel, and an outer wall. The upper panel has a central opening formed therein. The outer wall is configured in a truncated logarithmic shape and which extends between the upper and lower panels. The outer wall has at least one particulate escape aperture formed therein. The upper panel, lower panel and outer wall collectively define a curvilinear air passageway having an inlet and an outlet. An air foil extends from the outer wall in to the air passageway. The distance than the air foil extends in to the air passageway is adjustable. The inlet is configured to allow a flow of air to enter the air passageway and circulate therethrough toward the outlet. The escape aperture is configured to exhaust the blast particulate out of the passageway.

Abstract: A filter for gas generator has an outer geometry substantially of a hollow cylinder and it is formed by a wound body of a metal wire. The metal wire is made of an elongated member having a V-shaped cross-section orthogonal to a direction of extension thereof. A V-shaped groove defined in the metal wire faces a hollow portion in the filter for gas generator and an angle ? of the V-shaped groove is not smaller than 130[°] and not greater than 140[°].

Abstract: A membrane method processing system and process for a high-concentration salt-containing organic waste liquid incineration exhaust gas is described. The system consists essentially of a waste liquid incinerator (I), a gas-solid separator (II), a heat exchanger (III), an air blower (IV), an anti-caking agent storage tank (V), a membrane method dust cleaner (VI), an induced draft fan (VII), a check valve (VIII), and a desulfurization tower (IX). The present invention introduces the dust collecting membrane into the tail gas treatment system and utilizes the small pore size and high porosity of the dust collecting membrane to prevent inorganic salt particles from entering the internal of the filter material and agglomerating there. When the humidity of the gas entering the dust collector increases during the dust removing process, the anti-caking agent is also introduced into the tail gas treatment system to change the surface structure of the inorganic salt crystal to prevent the crystal from agglomeration.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to a dual density air filtration media that comprises a plurality of nanofibers layers formed from nanofibers having different fiber diameters. Due to the presence of these multiple nanofiber layers with different nanofiber diameters, the resulting filtration media of the present invention comprises a gradient density. In particular, the present invention uses a novel combination of two or more layers of nanofibers made via an electrospinning process, wherein the nanofiber layers made up from different fiber sizes are strategically applied to a cellulose or synthetic base material or substrate, to thereby maximize the filtration efficiency and dust holding capacity of the resulting filtration media.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing an adsorbent used for removing carbon dioxide from a gas containing carbon dioxide, the method including a reaction step of reacting a mixture containing tetravalent cerium and at least one kind selected from the group consisting of urea, a urea derivative and an amide compound.

Abstract: An air treatment method for removing a contaminant is provided, comprising: providing a for-treatment air containing the contaminant; providing a plurality of multi-staged non-film forming polymer particles having a core polymer and at least one shell polymer; wherein the core polymer accounts for 1 to 25 wt % of the weight of the non-film forming polymer particles provided; wherein the multi-staged non-film forming polymer particles provided each contain a central void; and contacting the multi-staged non-film forming polymer particles and the for-treatment air; wherein the contaminant is extracted from the for-treatment air producing a treated air depleted in the contaminant.

Abstract: Saturated mercury adsorbent in a gas mercury removal unit is dehydrated in a LNG, LPG or cryogenic gas plant using a regeneration gas stream. Spent regeneration gas stream is then condensed and the water is removed therefrom to form a renewed regeneration gas stream in a closed loop. The regeneration gas stream is compressed and recycled to a location in the plant upstream of an acid gas removal unit or upstream of a regeneration gas dehydration unit such that the regeneration gas stream is not sent to a flare. Conventional plants can be retrofitted to achieve improved process efficiencies, cost savings and environmental benefits.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for producing helium, neon, or argon product gas using an adsorption separation unit having minimal dead end volumes. A purification unit receives a stream enriched in helium, neon, or argon, and a stream is recycled from the purification unit back to the adsorption separation unit in a controlled manner to maintain the concentration of the helium, neon, or argon in the feed to the separation unit within a targeted range.

Abstract: A method for recovering hydrogen which is capable of efficiently recovering high concentration hydrogen gas by adsorbing and removing hydrocarbon gas such as carbon dioxide from biomass pyrolysis gas under a relatively low pressure, and also capable of storing the recovered high concentration hydrogen gas, preferably, in a cartridge type container that can be used as is as a hydrogen storing container for an apparatus equipped with a fuel cell. The method includes a first purifying stare of purifying biomass pyrolysis gas and a second purifying stage of purifying the obtained purified gas under a pressure equal to or less than the pressure in the first purifying stage to recover gas that contains hydrogen, and further includes a hydrogen storing stage of feeding the gas containing hydrogen recovered in the second purifying stage into the container filled with a hydrogen storage alloy and storing high purity hydrogen.

Abstract: This invention relates to processes for selective removal of contaminants from effluent gases. A sulfur dioxide absorption/desorption process for selective removal and recovery of sulfur dioxide from effluent gases utilizes a buffered aqueous absorption solution comprising weak inorganic or organic acids or salts thereof, to selectively absorb sulfur dioxide from the effluent gas. Absorbed sulfur dioxide is subsequently stripped to regenerate the absorption solution and produce a sulfur dioxide-enriched gas. A process for simultaneous removal of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides (NOx) from effluent gases and recovery of sulfur dioxide utilizes a buffered aqueous absorption solution including a metal chelate to absorb sulfur dioxide and NOx from the gas and subsequently reducing absorbed NOx to form nitrogen. A process to control sulfate salt contaminant concentration in the absorption solution involves partial crystallization and removal of sulfate salt crystals.

Abstract: Helium-containing natural gas is processed with three gas separation stages to produce a natural gas product and a Helium-containing gas that may be injected into the reservoir from which the Helium-containing natural gas is obtained. A permeate from the first gas separation membrane stage is compressed and fed to the second gas membrane stage. The permeate from the second gas separation membrane stage is recovered as the Helium-containing gas that may be injected into the reservoir. The non-permeate from the second gas separation membrane stage is fed to the third gas separation membrane stage. The non-permeate from the first gas separation stage is a natural gas product. A permeate from the third gas separation membrane stage is combined with a non-permeate from the first gas separation membrane stage before it is compressed and fed to the second gas separation membrane stage.

Abstract: A process for producing nitrogen-rich air by feeding high temperature air at 150° C. or more to an air separation membrane module is described. After being placed at 175° C. for two hours, the air separation module exhibits a shape-retention ratio of 95% or more in one embodiment. The nitrogen-rich air can be fed to a fuel tank for an aircraft, for example.

Abstract: An air suspension system includes an air suspension, a compressor, a dryer apparatus, and so forth. The dryer apparatus includes a dryer case, an inner cylinder, a first inlet port, a first outlet port, a first desiccant, an outer cylinder, a second inlet port, a second outlet port, a second other-end side filter, a second desiccant, and so forth. The first desiccant comprises a molecular sieve, for example, which exhibits high water adsorption performance at high temperature. On the other hand, the second desiccant comprises silica gel, for example, which exhibits high water adsorption performance at low temperature.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an advanced system for the removal of air pollutants from combustion and non-combustion processes that generate air pollutants that are regulated by environmental agencies. The pollutants include, but are not limited to, particulate matter; acid gases including sulphur dioxide, hydrogen chloride and hydrogen fluoride; metals such as mercury, dioxins, VOCs and reagents such as ammonia. The system collects and processes the polluted gas stream through two forms of wet method scrubbing technology. The gas is first passed through a wet scrubbing reactor capable of complete interaction between the gas and the selected liquid scrubbing reagent at one or more interfaces. The scrubbing medium is selected for its reactivity with the pollutants targeted in the process, its cost and impact on the environment. From the exit of the scrubbing reactor the gas is directed through a wet electrostatic precipitator to remove the remaining targeted pollutants to very high removal efficiency.

Abstract: In a process for the removal of siloxanes from biogas streams, especially a landfill gas stream or a gas stream from anaerobic digesters, the gas stream is first passed through a conventional siloxane removing unit to remove the majority of the siloxanes and subsequently passed over a selected catalyst with polishing effect, thereby removing remaining traces of siloxanes. The catalyst with polishing effect is chosen from i.a. zeolites, porous silica, titania and various metals on alumina or titania.

Abstract: In one aspect, catalyst modules and catalytic reactors are provided which, in some embodiments, mitigate inefficiencies and/or problems associated with fluid stream pressure drop. A catalyst module comprises a layer of structural catalyst bodies arranged in a pleated format, the structural catalyst bodies forming pleat inlet faces and pleat outlet faces, wherein fluid flow channels defined by inner partition walls of the structural catalyst bodies extend from the pleat inlet faces to the pleat outlet faces. The pleat inlet faces form an angle (?) with an inlet face of the module.

Abstract: An oxidation catalyst for treating an exhaust gas produced by a diesel engine comprises a catalytic region and a substrate, wherein the catalytic region comprises a catalytic material comprising: bismuth (Bi) or an oxide thereof; a Group 8 metal or an oxide thereof; a platinum group metal (PGM) selected from the group consisting of (i) platinum (Pt), (ii) palladium (Pd) and (iii) platinum (Pt) and palladium (Pd); and a support material, which comprises alumina, silica, a mixed oxide of alumina and a refractory oxide, a mixed oxide of silica and a refractory oxide, a composite oxide of alumina and a refractory oxide, a composite oxide of silica and a refractory oxide, alumina doped with a refractory oxide or silica doped with a refractory oxide.

Abstract: An oxidation catalyst is described for treating an exhaust gas produced by a diesel engine comprising a catalytic region and a substrate, wherein the catalytic region comprises a catalytic material comprising: bismuth (Bi) or an oxide thereof; a platinum group metal (PGM) selected from the group consisting of (i) platinum (Pt), (ii) palladium (Pd) and (iii) platinum (Pt) and palladium (Pd); and a support material comprising a mixed oxide of titanium dioxide and silica; or a composite oxide of titanium dioxide and silica; or titanium dioxide doped with silica; wherein the platinum group metal (PGM) is supported on the support material; and wherein the bismuth (Bi) or an oxide thereof is supported on the support material.

Abstract: A dialysis and/or isotope exchange device includes a support, a sample chamber having a thickness of between 25 ?m and 500 ?m, and a container including a semipermeable membrane in contact with the sample chamber. Dialysis and/or isotope exchange takes less than 100,000 seconds for a concentration of a substance to reach a target concentration.

Abstract: Disclosed is a device for heat-treating an inner surface of a braid for reinforcing a hollow fiber membrane for water treatment with a temperature control structure. The device includes a heating core; a heater coupled to the heating core; a temperature sensor passing through the heater; a cylindrical housing through which the heater and the sensor pass; a heat shield tube placed between the heating core and the housing and coupled to the heating core; a clamping nut connecting the heat shield tube and the housing; a mounting board on which a lower portion of the housing is fixed; and a temperature controller.

Abstract: The present invention includes a filter apparatus including a filtration unit; and a collection chamber in fluid communication with the filtration unit; wherein a vacuum draws the biological fluid through the apparatus; and wherein selected biological material comprised by the biological fluid is separated from a remainder of the biological fluid.

Abstract: A separation membrane module comprises a hollow module container, and an element unit which is housed in the module container. The element unit comprises a plurality of connected separation membrane elements each of which includes: a separation membrane for separating components of a substance flowing to the inside of the module container; and membrane bundle securing materials for securing both ends of the separation membrane. In the element unit, a flow channel for discharging the components separated by the separation membranes to the outside of the element unit is formed. Passage members though which the components separated by the separation membranes can pass toward the flow channel for discharging are disposed at connections between the plurality of separation membrane elements such that both end surfaces of each of the passage membranes are respectively in contact with the membrane bundle securing materials of the separation membrane elements adjacent thereto.

Abstract: A sheet-shaped hollow fiber membrane module includes a casing having a flat shape, the casing including a supply port and a discharge port, and a plurality of hollow fiber membranes accommodated inside the casing. The casing includes a plurality of the supply ports on one main surface of the casing and a plurality of the discharge ports on the other main surface of the casing, at least one of the plurality of the supply ports is closable, and at least one of the plurality of the discharge ports is closable. Each of the plurality of hollow fiber membranes includes a first opening at one end of the hollow fiber membrane and a second opening at the other end of the hollow fiber membrane, and the first opening and the second opening communicate with an outside of the casing and do not communicate with an inside of the casing.

Abstract: Described are wrapped fluid treatment elements, comprising: a composite material; an interleaf; and an inner core; wherein the composite material and the interleaf form layers wrapped around the inner core. The composite material and interleaf may be wrapped in a spiral configuration around the inner core. The invention also relates to a method of separating a substance from a fluid, comprising the step of placing the fluid in contact with an inventive device or element, thereby adsorbing or absorbing the substance to the composite material contained therein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the production of a positively charged membrane. Furthermore the present invention relates to a positively charged membrane obtainable by the methods of present invention and the use of these positively charged membranes.

Abstract: Provided in one embodiment is filtering article, comprising: powders comprising bundles of nanotubes, each bundle comprising hollow titania nanotubes. Embodiments of the methods of making and using the filtering articles are also provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to mixing devices included in automotive exhaust treatment systems. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to reducing agent mixers for mixing reducing agents with exhaust streams to induce a chemical reaction between the reducing agent and exhaust gasses to reduce Nitrous Oxides (NOx) in the exhaust gas. Reducing agent mixers in accordance with the present disclosure include reducing agent delivery devices for conducting reducing agents into an internal mixing space through which exhaust gasses flow.

Abstract: A rotary gas bubble ejector has a fluid reservoir chamber having at a bottom end a fluid discharge opening and a shaft extending through fluid reservoir chamber in connection with a rotor plate. The rotor plate has an outer dimension greater than the outer dimension of fluid discharge opening and is positioned proximate bottom end of fluid reservoir chamber such that a fluid acceleration gap is formed. Rotation of the shaft and rotor plate initiates a fluid flow thereby generating a low-pressure zone within the fluid acceleration gap, wherein gas is discharged from the fluid reservoir chamber into the fluid acceleration gap. As the gas is expelled from the fluid acceleration gap, fluids, gas and liquid, are brought into contact producing micro-sized gas bubbles that are ejected into the body of liquid.

Abstract: A mixer for mixing and degassing fluids includes a revolution device having a revolution base to be driven for rotation; a first spin device connected to the revolution base of the revolution device; a first barrel connected to the first spin device to be spun by the first spin device; an transmitting coil electrically connected to a power source to generate a time-vary magnetic field; and a receiving coil connected to the revolution base of the revolution device and electrically connected to the first spin device, wherein the receiving coil rotates with the revolution base. The receiving coil receives the power from the time-vary magnetic field of the transmitting coil and produces an electromotive force to be supplied to the first spin device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a rotary shaft for processing foodstuffs, the rotary shaft has a rotation axis and the rotary shaft comprises at least one tool which extends along the rotation axis. The tool has an airfoil profile such that the tool comprises a leading edge, a trailing edge, an upper surface and a lower surface. Further, the tool comprises at least one fluid channel between the mean camber line of the airfoil profile and the upper surface of the tool.

Abstract: Surfactants capable of releasing and/or dissolving polymers to form water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer solutions are disclosed. In addition, polymer compositions containing a water-in-oil emulsion comprising the surfactant are provided and can be used, for example, in methods of dissolving a polymer. These surfactants and polymer compositions can be used in various industries including for water clarification, papermaking, sewage and industrial water treatment, drilling mud stabilizers, and enhanced oil recovery.

Abstract: A method for capturing material extracted from biochar is provided comprising the steps of: (i) providing a biochar; (ii) contacting the biochar with an extraction media, where the extraction media causes the removal of residual compounds from the pores and surface of the biochar, creating a resulting extract comprised of the extraction media and removed compounds; and (iii) collecting the resulting extract. The method also can include other steps of extraction and purification. The method further comprises the step of applying the resulting extract to seeds, plants, soil, other agricultural products, or for use in other applications. A biochar having high levels of soluble signaling compounds is also provided, where the biochar is derived from a biomass source that together with predefined pyrolysis parameters produces resulting biochar having increased levels of soluble signaling compounds that are known to increase seed germination rates and early plant growth.