Abstract: A filter membrane includes carbon nanotubes and carbon nitride nanoparticles. Inter-particle atomic interactions between the carbon nanotubes and the carbon nitride nanoparticles bind the carbon nanotubes and the carbon nitride nanoparticles together. A filter cartridge includes such a filter membrane disposed within an outer housing between a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet such that fluid passing through the outer housing between the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet passes through the filter membrane. Such filter membranes may be formed by dispersing carbon nanotubes and carbon nitride nanoparticles in a liquid to form a suspension, and passing the suspension through a filter to deposit the nanotubes and nanoparticles on the filter. Liquid may be filtered by causing the liquid to pass through such a filter membrane.

Abstract: A brine maker including a hopper having an open upper end and an open lower end with the hopper being configured to receive salt therein. A solids screen is positioned at the lower end of the hopper. A receiving tank having an open upper end is positioned below the solids screen. An overflow tube is positioned in the hopper and has an upper end positioned below the upper end of the hopper. When the level of salt brine reaches the upper end of the overflow tube, the salt brine will overflow into the overflow tube and will pass downward therethrough the solids screen and into the receiving tank. The invention includes a second embodiment wherein an overflow panel with an upper end is positioned in the hopper thereby creating a passageway into which brine overflow may pass thereinto and pass through the solids screen into the receiving tank.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods based thereon are provided for mixing utilizing mixer inserts. A mixer insert may comprise an enclosing component adapted for application to an opening in a container to which the mixer insert is applied, to enclose a space in the container. The mixer insert may further comprise one or more mixing components, adapted to fit within the enclosed space when the enclosing component is applied to the opening in the container, with the one or more mixing components being configured to mix material placed within the enclosed space when the combination of the container and the mixer insert is subject to particular force or movement.

Abstract: A method of operation of a machine control indicator located on a first machine includes the step of monitoring operational parameters of a second machine operationally associated with a first machine. Each of the operational parameters is associated with a common clock of the machine control indicator. The operational parameters are stored in a memory of the machine control indicator with a date and time stamp based on the common clock. The operational parameters are transmitted along with the date and time stamp to a user device separate from the first machine and the second machine. In one embodiment, the operational parameters comprise one or more of a weight value, a rotation value, a revolutions per minute value, a peak weight value, a gearbox temperature value, and a hydraulic pressure value.

Abstract: The invention relates to a dispersion comprising a dispersion medium (phase I) and a disperse liquid phase II, the dispersion being characterized in that both phases I and II comprise a further dispersed phase III and this dispersed phase III comprises a release-active agent; to a process for preparing the dispersion, and to the use as or for the production of paints, inks, polymer dispersions and release agents.

Abstract: The machinery and methods disclosed herein are based on the use of a specialized extruder configured to continuously convey and plasticize/moltenize selected lignocellulosic biomass and/or waste plastic materials into a novel variable volume tubular reactor, wherein the plasticized/moltenized material undergoes reaction with circumferentially injected supercritical water—thereby yielding valuable simple sugar solutions and/or liquid hydrocarbon mixtures (e.g., “neodiesel”), both of which are key chemical commodity products. The reaction time may be adjusted by changing the reactor volume. The machinery includes four zones: (1) a feedstock conveyance and plasticization/moltenization zone; (2) a steam generation and manifold distribution zone; (3) a central supercritical water reaction zone; and (4) a pressure let-down and reaction product separation zone.

Abstract: A reactor as a heat treatment device includes heat transfer structures removably placed in first flow channels, a first information acquisition unit connected to the inlet side of the first flow channels to acquire information for specifying a temperature and a flow rate of the first fluid which are reference conditions after lapses of time, a second information acquisition unit connected to the outlet side of the first flow channels to acquire the information for specifying the temperature of the first fluid after each lapse of time, and a control unit that calculates a heat exchange amount after each lapse of time in accordance with the temperature and the flow rate specified according to the information acquired by the first information acquisition unit and the second information acquisition unit, so as to estimate a service life of the heat transfer structures in accordance with the heat exchange amount.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a fluidized bed reaction system and method for continuous production of titanium tetrachloride from titanium-bearing materials containing high concentrations of alkaline earth metal impurities. Agglomerated heavy particles in a reaction are taken out continuously from a chlorination reactor without clogging and stopping. The reactors and related methods disclosed apply to the chlorination of titanium slag containing high content of alkaline earth metal oxides of up to 15% by weight.

Abstract: There is provided a dispersion containing a lipid peptide type compound useful as a low molecular weight gelator and a solvent capable of dissolving the lipid peptide type compound at a lower temperature. There is provided also a dispersion from which a hydrogel can be formed by a simpler method and from which a gel can be obtained as a gel having high thermal stability, and provide a method for forming the gel. A dispersion including a lipid peptide type compound in which a peptide portion having an amino acid repeating bonding structure is bonded to a lipid portion consisting of a C9-23 aliphatic group; and at least one alcohol selected from the group consisting of 1,2-alkanediol, 1,3-alkanediol, and ethylene glycol monoalkyl ether or a mixed solution of the at least one alcohol and water; and a method for producing a hydrogel by use of the dispersion.

Abstract: Provided is a fabrication method of print head of MCM device formed micro patterned air gap capable of picoliter-scale droplet printing, and more particularly, is characterized in that comprising preparing silicon wafer 10 washed by piranha solution at step A, stacking silicon nitride films 20 and 20? up front surface and back surface of prepared silicon wafer at step B, drying after applying photoresists 30 and 30? to top surface and bottom surface of the silicon nitride film 20 and 20? at step C, removing partially the photoresists through pre-determined pattern by irradiation of ultraviolet after arranging photomask 40 formed through pre-determined pattern in any one side of the photoresists 30 and 30? at step D, forming sample droplet storage space opening by removing silicon nitride film 21 contacted to photoresists removed by pre-determined pattern at step E, removing the photoresists 30 and 30? stacked up the silicon nitride film 20 and 20? at step F, forming sample droplet storage space 50 by etching

Abstract: A reforming tube including a cavity emerging on either side of the tube, an external wall, an internal wall, a protection element for protecting against corrosion inserted into the cavity mirroring at least a portion of the internal wall, a space between the internal wall and the protective part, and a refractory material which fills in the space between the internal wall and the protection element.

Abstract: Embodiments provide a methane microporous carbon adsorbent including a thermally-treated CVD carbon having a shape in the form of a negative replica of a crystalline zeolite has a BET specific surface area, a micropore volume, a micropore to mesopore volume ratio, a stored methane value and a methane delivered value and a sequential carbon synthesis method for forming the methane microporous carbon adsorbent. Introducing an organic precursor gas for a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) period to a crystalline zeolite that is maintained at a CVD temperature forms the carbon-zeolite composite. Introducing a non-reactive gas for a thermal treatment period to the carbon-zeolite composite maintained at a thermal treatment temperature forms the thermally-treated carbon-zeolite composite. Introducing an aqueous strong mineral acid mixture to the thermally-treated carbon-zeolite composite forms the methane microporous carbon adsorbent.

Abstract: Example embodiments relate to a gas-adsorbing material capable of reducing the generation amount of combustible gas without deteriorating gas-adsorbing performance, and a vacuum insulation material including the gas-adsorbing material. The gas-adsorbing material may include a metal selected from at least one of Li, V, Zr, or an alloy including the same, which adsorbs a nitrogen gas and is inactivated by moisture as a nitrogen adsorbing agent, and an additive added to the metal. The metal is attached on the particle surface of the additive. The metal may be an alloy including Li and an alkaline-earth metal, for example, Ba—Li alloy. The additive absorbs moisture, and is selected from at least one of an inorganic oxide, a transition metal, an oxide of a transition metal, an alloy including a transition metal, and a mixture including a transition metal.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to an advanced oxidation process for providing advanced oxidation products to an environment. More particularly, the present invention provides a wick structure and hydrophilic granules for use in an advanced oxidation process, and methods of making the same. The wick structure and hydrophilic granules may be configured to collect and concentrate water vapor, so that the water vapor may subsequently be used to generate advanced oxidation products that react with and neutralize compounds in an environment, including microbes, odor causing chemicals, and other organic and inorganic chemicals.

Abstract: A preparation method of an alumina-carbon nano tube composite powder material includes the steps of using an organometallic precursor as a raw material, using metal nanoparticles formed on the surface of the alumina powder as a catalyst, and simultaneously feeding a carbonaceous gas such as methane and acetylene, so as to grow a carbon nano tube in situ, and obtain an alumina-metal nanoparticle-carbon nano tube composite powder material through a chemical vapor deposition method under a temperature condition of 400 to 800° C. Through changing various parameters such as the weight of the organic raw material, the flow or constituent of reactant gases and reaction temperature, the decomposition of the organic raw material and the generation of the metal nanoparticles and the carbon nano tube are adjusted, and the size and the microstructure of the powder are controlled.

Abstract: The presently disclosed and claimed inventive concept(s) generally relates to a solid catalyst component comprising a zeolite with a modifier and at least one Group VIII meal alloyed with at least one transition metal. The presently disclosed and claimed inventive concept(s) further relates to a method of making the solid catalyst component and a process of converting mixed waste plastics into low molecular weight organic compounds using the solid catalyst component.

Abstract: A new family of crystalline microporous silicometallophosphate designated SAPO-69 has been synthesized. These silicometallophosphate are represented by the empirical formula of: Rp+rMm+ExPSiyOz where M is an alkali metal such as potassium, R is an organoammonium cation such as ethyltrimethylammonium and E is a trivalent framework element such as aluminum or gallium. The SAPO-69 family of materials represent the first phosphate-based molecular sieves to have the OFF topology and have catalytic properties for carrying out various hydrocarbon conversion processes and separation properties for separating at least one component.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst composition and a process for the oligomerization of ethylene to produce 1-hexene or 1-octene, wherein the catalyst composition comprises a chromium compound; an NPNPN ligand of the formula (R1) (R2)N—P(R3)—N(R4)—P(R5)—N(R6)(R7), wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 are each independently hydrogen, halogen, amino, trimethylsilyl or C1-C20 hydrocarbyl, preferably straight-chain or branched C1-C10 alkyl, phenyl, C6-C20 aryl or C6-C20 alkyl-substituted phenyl.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing a water splitting catalyst containing [Mn4CaO4] core structure and use thereof. The present invention provides clusters containing [Mn4CaO4] core structure by a chemical synthesis using inexpensive metal ions (Mn2+, Ca2+ ions), simple carboxyl ligands and a permanganate, performed single crystal X-ray diffraction on their space structure, and characterized their physical and chemical properties with electron spectrum, electrochemical and electron paramagnetic resonance technologies and the like. These compounds can catalyze water splitting in the presence of oxidant to release oxygen and can also catalyze water splitting on the surface of an electrode to release electrons onto the surface of the electrode to form a current.

Abstract: The invention describes a novel catalytic composition comprising at least one nickel precursor A with at least one diphosphinamine ligand B1 of formula (R1)(R?1)P—N(R3)—P(R2)(R?2) or an iminobisphosphine ligand B2 of formula (R3)N?P(R1)(R?1)—P(R2)(R?2) or an iminobisphosphine ligand B?2 of formula (R3)N?P(R2)(R?2)—P(R1)(R?1). The invention also describes the use of said catalytic composition in a method for the oligomerisation of olefins.

Abstract: A method and assembly for utilizing open-cell cellular solid material in a component separation unit to separate one or more process streams into component process streams having desired compositions. A method and assembly for using said open-cell cellular solid material to separate process streams into desired component process streams in a component separation unit, wherein the open-cell cellular solid material can include oxides, carbides, nitrides, borides, ceramics, metals, polymers, and chemical vapor deposition materials.

Abstract: A method and assembly for utilizing open-cell cellular solid material in a component separation unit to separate one or more process streams into component process streams having desired compositions. A method and assembly for using said open-cell cellular solid material to separate process streams into desired component process streams in a component separation unit, wherein the open-cell cellular solid material can include oxides, carbides, nitrides, borides, ceramics, metals, polymers, and chemical vapor deposition materials.

Abstract: A multifunctional system for particle separation and/or treatment for the usage in biological and medical research, to detect and to treat diseases with a modular system consisting out of the filter/strainer device and the auxiliary devices lower connector with tube adaptor and upper screw cap connector. All parts of the modular system can be airtight connected and by means of a valve used with higher pressure, lower pressure or without pressure equalization.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate to methods and apparatuses for the discretization and manipulation of sample volumes that is simple, robust, and versatile. It is a fluidic device that partitions a sample by exploiting the interplay between fluidic forces, interfacial tension, channel geometry, and the final stability of the formed droplet and/or discretized volume. These compartmentalized volumes allow for isolation of samples and partitioning into a localized array that can subsequently be manipulated and analyzed.

Abstract: A device and method for the individual dosing or drainage of small quantities of liquids or gases in microreactors and microreactor arrays, having a membrane and an outlet to a reaction chamber or a reactor arranged therebelow, which is surrounded by an area which forms a fluid line with the membrane, wherein the area or the membrane has an annular elevation which can be arranged around the outlet.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods and materials for the manufacture and use of wettability tracks on various substrates for rapid fluid transport and drainage, even in a condensing environment. The degree of wettability of the materials' surfaces range from superhydrophobic to superhydrophilic. The method centers on the formation of a dispersion of titanium dioxide and a fluoroacrylic co-polymer in an alcohol and water solution. The dispersion may then be deposited onto a surface to form a coating, which is then dried to evaporate the alcohol. The dried coating is exposed to radiation to produce a wedge-shaped track. The coating is exposed to the radiation through a photomask to produce the track. The radiation may be high energy, such as UV radiation. The radiation may be selectively exposed to designated areas on the coating. The hydrophilic wedge-shaped track may have a wedge angle of from 0 degrees to 45 degrees.

Abstract: The invention relates to a covering device (10), in particular a lid, for covering reaction vessels (50), in particular PCR plates, microtiter plates, and the like, comprising: a substantially flat main body (14) having an inside (34) and an outside (12), at least one planar sealing element (36) arranged on the main body (14) and connected to the main body, wherein the at least one sealing element (36) is arranged on the inside (34) of the main body (14), an edge segment (16), which runs along the periphery of the main body and extends from the outside (12) in the direction of the inside (34) and beyond the inside, and at least one spring element (22, 24) arranged on the main body (14) or on the sealing element (36), which at least one spring element is designed in such a way that the at least one spring element supports the covering device (10) on a surface (54) of a reaction vessel (50) to be covered facing the covering device (10) in the relaxed state of the at least one spring element and that an intermed

Abstract: The present invention provides a microplate comprised of multiwell strips connected in such a way as to permit the microplate to unfold and to pass in a linear fashion past a fraction collector and then re-fold back into a microplate configuration. Furthermore, the invention provides for the use of the microplates of the invention in a variety of different laboratory methods.

Abstract: A grinding apparatus includes a receptacle, a grinding element and a drive means. The receptacle has a receptacle inner wall defining a receptacle cavity. The receptacle inner wall is in the general form of a surface of a revolution extending about a central vertically extending receptacle axis. The receptacle is rotatable about the receptacle axis. The grinding element has a grinding element outer wall in the general form of a surface of revolution extending about a central vertically extending grinding element axis.

Abstract: A drum cutting machine has a rotary drum and has a plurality of blades arranged along the contour of the rotary drum. The lateral surface of the rotary drum is provided with a multiplicity of holes. A supporting part matches the contour of the rotary drum and has for each of the blades a bearing point that defines the position of the cutting edge. A blade box for such a machine makes it easier to move the blades into the correct position, thereby reducing the complexity in terms of maintenance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to tilting a wet stone grinder of capacity in the 125-300 liter size. Tilting is accomplished by a gear driven, manual or motorized tilting mechanism.

Abstract: An apparatus for comminuting solid waste material including a casing defining a comminution chamber and being open on opposite sides thereof for permitting the flow of liquid therethrough. The apparatus including cooperating substantially parallel first and second shafts, each including a plurality of cutting elements mounted on said first shaft in interspaced relationship with a plurality of second cutting elements mounted on said second shaft, each of said cutting elements having at least one cutting tooth thereon, said cutting elements being positioned between and separated in an axial direction by spacers which are coplanar with the cutting elements of the adjacent stack such that a cutting element from one stack and a spacer from the other stack form a pair of interactive shredding members, wherein the spacers have a textured or scalloped outer cylindrical surface.

Abstract: Ore rock is disintegrated into extremely fine rock fraction in a slurry by subjecting the slurry in selective orders of application of excitation forces and energy to cause spontaneous cavitation to occur in the slurry. The excitation forces and energy are provided by electrodynamic discharges, hydrostatic force, hydrodynamic energy, and sonic vibrations.

Abstract: Multi-domain electrostatic filters and methods, systems and computer readable media for control thereof are described.

Abstract: Technologies pertaining to a centrifuge that comprises a vector-seeking linkage are disclosed herein. In a general embodiment, the centrifuge comprises a spindle that is rotatable about an axis of rotation. The centrifuge also has an arm that is coupled to the spindle, and a vector-seeking linkage that is coupled to the arm. The vector-seeking linkage provides two rotational degrees of freedom with respect to a load coupled to the vector-seeking linkage. The centrifuge is well-suited for a variety of applications, including sensor testing, solution separation, and producing accelerations expected to be experienced during flight.

Abstract: A water stop switch shower head includes a water stop element, a water diversion plate, a water diversion body, a switch element and a switch shaft; the switch element is linked to the water diversion plate, the switch element and the water diversion plate rotate respectively around the switch shaft; one end of the water stop element is faced to the water diversion plate; the water diversion plate is disposed with a non-abutting surface and an abutting surface at the surface faced to the water stop element, the non-abutting surface and the abutting surface have height difference transitioned by an incline surface; the switch element is operated to drive the water diversion plate to rotate, when the water stop element faces to the non-abutting surface, the water stop element is contacted with the inner wall of the inlet in sealing way.

Abstract: One variation of a showerhead includes: a body defining a fluid circuit, a first region on a ventral side of the body, and a second region adjacent the first region on the ventral side of the body; a set of hollow cone nozzles distributed within the first region, fluidly coupled to the fluid circuit, and discharging sprays of fluid droplets within a first size range; a set of flat fan nozzles arranged within the second region, fluidly coupled to the fluid circuit, and discharging sprays of fluid droplets within a second size range; and a set of orifices fluidly coupled to the fluid circuit and discharging fluid drops between sprays discharged from the set of hollow cone nozzles and sprays discharged from the flat fan nozzles, fluid drops discharged from the set of orifices within a third size range exceeding the first size range and the second size range.

Abstract: An outlet device provides vortex rotating water and includes a diverter having a side surface disposed with at least two spiral accelerating grooves extending along an axial direction and having a bottom surface disposed with a collision chamber, the at least two spiral accelerating grooves being evenly arranged about an axis of the collision chamber and having respective ends that connect to the side walls of the collision chamber; and an outlet body disposed with an accommodating chamber and a vortex rotating chamber connected to each other in the axial direction. The diverter is disposed in the accommodating chamber. The vortex rotating chamber is a dome shaped body having a flat end face that is connected to a bottom end of the accommodating chamber and has an external protruding surface. The outlet body has an outlet connected to the external protruding surface of the vortex rotating chamber.

Abstract: A hand cleaner foam dispenser with a first pump arrangement that discharges a first liquid and first air from the atmosphere through a first foam inducing member into a mixing chamber and a second pump arrangement that discharges a second liquid into the mixing chamber, and in which there is a simultaneous discharge of the first liquid, first air and the second liquid from the mixing chamber through an outlet foam inducing member to produce a foamed product delivered onto a person's hand. Preferably, the second pump arrangement may discharge not only the second liquid, but also second air drawn from the atmosphere and discharge the second liquid and the second air through a second foam inducing member into the mixing chamber.

Abstract: The reusable dry erase spray paint can is a can having a removable base and a replaceable color cartridge. The can resembles an ordinary spray paint can with a nozzle on top. The base comprises a battery-operated compressor that draws air in through an inlet on the bottom of the can and forces pressurized air up into the can through the color cartridge. The color cartridge couples to the top of the base and contains a dry erase color medium. When the nozzle is depressed while the compressor is operating, a mix of dry erase color medium and pressurized air is expelled from the nozzle.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a spray gun, which comprises a gun body; a liquid container surface disposed below the gun body; a hollow connecting pipe disposed between the gun body and the liquid container. The liquid container is in communication with the interior of the gun body through the hollow connecting pipe; the liquid container has a liquid feeding hole on the top; the head portion of the gun body is located above the top of the liquid container and tilted downwardly away from the top of the liquid container. In the present invention, there is a relatively large space above the liquid feeding opening, providing an efficient space for a smooth liquid feeding operation. Liquid feeding can be performed inside the liquid container without replacing the liquid container and the liquid is ensured not to be split during the operation.

Abstract: A device for coating cylinder walls of an internal combustion engine forming a plurality of cylinders. A coating device is provided for each cylinder, the coating devices are controlled in such a way that the cylinder walls of all the cylinders are coated simultaneously.

Abstract: A discharge container includes: a container body in which contents are stored; a securing member; a discharger including a stem; an exterior portion that includes a top wall portion through which a molded hole passes, and that discharges the contents from the molding hole onto a discharge surface of the top wall portion; and an inner plate in the exterior section to be movable and which forms a diffusion chamber between the inner plate and a supply surface of the top wall portion.

Abstract: A pump system may include a blown-in dip tube connected to a valve body and having a connection which may include an improved blown-in dip tube connector having one or more of a lip for sealing with a blown-in dip tube, a seal ring configured to mate with a blown-in dip tube and seal therewith, a dip tube lock for mating with a blown-in dip tube, or an o-ring for providing an improved seal with a blown-in dip tube.

Abstract: An actuating assembly for dispensing a product under pressure is provided, which includes a shoulder mounted on a device for sampling the product under pressure, and a button with an inner actuator having a upstream spout mounted in a feeding tube and a downstream spout in communication with the upstream spout which terminates in a dispensing outlet, wherein the button has an outer cover with a peripheral skirt and a dispensing hole, and wherein the outer cover is mounted on the actuator in a actuating position in which the hole is arranged opposite the outlet to allow the product to be dispensed through the hole. The button is also axially displaceable with respect to the shoulder in a dispensing and aspiration stroke, and the cover is reversibly mounted on the actuator from an actuating to an inactive position and is arranged in order to prevent axial displacement of the button.

Abstract: A computer-implemented system and method for operating mobile automated workstations in a workspace including a workpiece is disclosed. A computer device defines an exclusionary volume having an outer exclusionary surface at least partially surrounding a mobile workstation that is operably disposed in the workspace. The computer device receives data from at least one sensor and determines the location of the workstation and humans within the workspace based on the data. The computer device activates an indicator and alters the motion of the workstation after detection of a human breaching the exclusionary volume or exclusionary surface.

Abstract: A glue coating device for laying stealth optical cables, comprising an outer housing and an inner housing sheathed inside the outer housing. A glue chamber is provided inside the inner housing. One end of the outer housing is a mounting end and the other end is a glue injection end by which the device is mounted on a glue injection gun. A glue injection zone is provided at an end surface of the glue injection end and runs through the glue chamber. The glue injection end has a front preprocessor which comprises two separating and guiding sides forming an angle of 120° therebetween and protruding from the outer housing. A cable positioning groove is provided on the end surface of the outer housing. The device is simple in structure, convenient for constructing, and provides quantitative glue injection and has a favorable coating effect.

Abstract: Wearing down of a doctor blade by a filler contained in a coating solution is prevented. The doctor blade is for scraping off the coating solution, containing the filler, from a circumferential surface of a coating roller, the coating roller being for applying the coating solution to a battery member being conveyed. A surface of the doctor blade is made from an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene.

Abstract: A fluid application device includes one or more applicator heads. each applicator head includes a service block configured to receive a fluid from a fluid supply source, a manifold secured to the service block and configured to receive the fluid from the service block, the manifold having a seat, a module secured to the manifold at the seat, the module including a valve configured to selectively control flow of the fluid in the manifold, and a nozzle having a first configuration removably securable to the manifold, the nozzle configured to receive the fluid from the manifold, the nozzle having a first interface for interfacing with the manifold.

Abstract: Systems and methods for applying sealant to a seam between a first work piece and a second work piece, including applying a fillet layer of the sealant to cover the seam, applying a first flaring layer of the sealant adjacent the fillet layer and contacting the fillet layer and the first work piece, applying a second flaring layer of the sealant that contacts the second work piece, and applying at least one filling layer of the sealant so that the filling layers of the sealant in combination contact each of the first flaring layer, the fillet layer, and the second flaring layer.