Abstract: A light guide plate with multi-directional structures includes a main body, a plurality of first microstructures and a plurality of second microstructures. The main body includes a light-incident surface, a light-emitting surface and a reflecting surface. The light-incident surface connects the light-emitting surface and the reflecting surface. The first microstructures are disposed on the light-emitting surface or the reflecting surface and arranged along a first extending direction. The second microstructures are disposed on the light-emitting surface or the reflecting surface and arranged along a second extending direction. The second microstructures and the first microstructures are disposed on the same plane and intersect with each other. Each of the second microstructures is a single stripe pattern, and has a width which becomes gradually smaller from one end of the second microstructure near the light-incident surface to the other end of the second microstructure away from the light-incident surface.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an overhead street light (a luminaire) is formed that has an asymmetric light intensity distribution, where the peak intensity is greatest along the direction of the street, lower directly across the street, and much lower on the house side of the street. Around the edge of a circular transparent light guide are white light LEDs that inject light into the light guide. To help control the asymmetry of the light intensity distribution, sawtooth-shaped grooves are formed in the light guide surface opposite to the light-emission surface and parallel to the street. Gaussian diffusers are used to partially diffuse the light. By proper selection of the grooves, the Gaussian diffuser, and the relative amounts of light emitted by LED segments around the light guide, the desired asymmetrical light intensity distribution is achieved while a direct view of the light exit surface appears as a uniform light.

Abstract: A composite sheet includes a first sheet and a second sheet. The first sheet includes a first substrate and a first optical pattern layer disposed on an upper surface of the first substrate. The second sheet is disposed on the first sheet. The second sheeting includes a second substrate and a second optical pattern layer disposed on an upper surface of the second substrate. An extending direction of the first optical pattern layer intersects an extending direction of the second optical pattern layer such that an intersection angle of the extending direction of the first optical pattern layer and the extending direction of the second optical pattern layer is in a range of 40° to 70°.

Abstract: A display panel is provided. The display panel includes a display layer, a light diffusion layer, and a light guide plate. The display layer is used to display an image. The light guide plate is disposed under the display layer. The light guide plate guides a light of a back light source to the display layer. The light diffusion layer is disposed between the display layer and the light guide plate. The light diffusion layer is controlled by at least one control voltage, so as to dynamically change the transparency of the light diffusion layer.

Abstract: An image display apparatus includes a display panel including a front surface on which an image is displayed, a base plate disposed behind the display panel, a light guide plate disposed between the display panel and the base plate, a light source, a light source cover, and a corner component. The light source is disposed along an edge of the base plate, and emits light incident on an edge face of the light guide plate. The light cover is elongated and covers a front of the light source. The corner component is disposed along a corner of the base plate, laterally supports the display panel, and includes a portion that overlaps the light source cover in a front to back direction.

Abstract: Optical fibers having a large effective area and a low cutoff wavelength are disclosed. Three main embodiments of the optical fiber allow for single-mode operation at wavelengths greater than 980 nm, and have a large effective area with low bend losses and low dispersion at 1310 nm. The large effective area optical fiber is expected to be particularly useful for data center applications due to its ability to efficiently optically couple with VCSELs and photonic integrated devices. Integrated systems and optical communication systems that employ the optical fibers are also disclosed.

Abstract: There is provided a multi-clad fiber assembly for reducing and eliminating deleterious laser-contaminant interrelations, and methods of making these assemblies. There is provided an optical connector having contaminants that are shielded from causing detrimental thermal effects, during laser beam transmittion, by preventing laser-contaminant interactions.

Abstract: Light from discrete red, blue, and green lasers are combined into a single output using a planar lightwave circuit (PLC). In some embodiments some light from an output of the PLC is reflected back to the lasers, and in some embodiments the reflected light is primarily of one of the red, green, or blue wavelengths. In some embodiments multiple lasers of slightly differing wavelengths are provided as light sources for some or all of the red, blue, and green light.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a first device and a second device. The first device includes at least one waveguide on a first substrate. The second device is on the first device and includes at least one optical fiber on an upper surface of a second substrate, a reflector on the upper surface of the second substrate, and a lens on a lower surface of the second substrate below the reflector. The at least one waveguide to carry light from the reflector and passing through the lens for output to the optical fiber.

Abstract: An optical device includes a unitary substrate of optically transparent material. The unitary substrate has formed therein at least one collection lens and channel, the channel for receiving an optical fibre and arranged to align the optical fibre inserted therein such that the collection lens couples light collected by the collection lens into the optical fibre.

Abstract: Disclosed is a gravity-adapted optical-fiber-connector comprising a gravity-adapted block and at least one gravity connector each including a fiber-stub; tail handle; rear seat being clamped and fixed by gravity-adapted block; elastic device being sleeved on a portion of excircle surface of tail handle and limited by an end face of rear seat and that of tail handle; outer sleeve and optical cable; gravity of gravity-adapted block is applied to elastic device through the end face of rear seat, after the elastic device is compressed, a spring having identical magnitude and direction with the gravity is generated and acted on the end face of tail handle, such that a physical butt-joint-surface of fiber-stub is always applied a preload about the gravity. The gravity-adapted optical-fiber-connector has stable optical-fiber coupling efficiency and coupling performance.

Abstract: An adapter structure for use with a telecommunications module that is configured to be slidably inserted into a first type of telecommunications chassis comprises a body configured to be mounted to the telecommunications module. The body of the adapter structure is configured for mounting the telecommunications module to a second type of telecommunications chassis that is different than the first type of telecommunications chassis, wherein the telecommunications module is not configured to be mounted to the second type of telecommunications chassis without the adapter structure. The adapter structure includes at least one fiber optic connector protruding outwardly from the body for receiving a fiber optic signal to be relayed to fiber optic equipment of the telecommunications module.

Abstract: An optical connector includes: a housing which includes an optical connector portion provided in a front portion in a first direction and inserted into a connector inlet of an adapter or a receptacle and a latch portion extending from a rear portion to the front portion in the first direction and engaging with the adapter or the receptacle; and a tab which extends from an outer surface of the housing to the rear side of the housing in the first direction and is attached to the outer surface so as to be slidable in the first direction. The latch portion includes a portion which extends in a second direction intersecting the first direction. The tab includes an inclined surface which is inclined with respect to the first direction and contacts the portion and slides backward to press the portion. The tab and the housing have a slidable engagement mechanism.

Abstract: A fiber optic ferrule includes a body extending from a first end to a second opposite end, with the body including an axial passage extending between the first and the second ends. The axial passage includes a first diameter portion having a diameter of at least 125 microns, a second diameter portion having a diameter of at least 250 microns and less than a diameter of a buffer, and a smooth and continuous transition between the first and the second diameter portions. The second diameter portion is positioned between the first diameter portion and the second end. The axial passage further defines a tapered shape at the second end extending inward from the second end toward the second diameter portion. In certain embodiments, another smooth and continuous transition can be provided between the taper shape and the second diameter portion. In certain embodiments, the axial passage is smooth and continuous between the first and the second ends of the body. A hub holds the ferrule.

Abstract: An optical connecting device includes: a holder part having first and second holder members and a resin body therebetween; and multiple optical fibers each having first and second resin-uncoated fiber portions and the first and second resin-coated fiber portions. The first resin-uncoated fiber portion is disposed between first portions of the first and second holder members so as to extend in a direction of a first axis and be arranged along a first reference plane. The second resin-uncoated fiber portion and the first resin-coated fiber portion extend between second portions of the first and second holder members. One of the first and second holder members has a through-hole, extending along a second axis intersecting the first axis in the second portions thereof, receiving the resin body. The first and second holder members have first and second inner faces, separated away from the first reference plane, in the second portions, respectively.

Abstract: A method for forming hermetic seals between the cap and sub-mount for electronic and optoelectronic packages includes the formation of metal mounds on the sealing surfaces. Metal mounds, as precursors to a metal hermetic seal between the cap and sub-mount of a sub-mount assembly, facilitates the evacuation and purging of the volume created within cap and sub-mount assemblies prior to formation of the hermetic seal. The method is applied to discrete cap and sub-mount assemblies and also at the wafer level on singulated and non-singulated cap and sub-mount wafers. The method that includes the formation of the hermetic seal provides an inert environment for a plurality of electrical, optoelectrical, and optical die that are attached within an enclosed volume of the sub-mount assembly.

Abstract: The heat dissipation structure of a horizontal optical-communication sub-assembly is provided, which includes a T-shaped header, a circuit board and a heat-dissipating support insert. The T-shaped header includes a base and a tongue. The tongue is disposed on one side of the base and is perpendicular to the base. The base includes a first through hole and a second through hole. The first through hole is above the tongue and the second through hole is below the tongue and opposite to the first through hole. One end of the circuit board penetrates through the first through hole and disposed on the tongue. The heat-dissipating support insert includes a supporting block and an extension portion. The extension portion is disposed on one side of the supporting block and penetrates through the second through hole to extend to the bottom of the tongue.

Abstract: An opto-electronic contact, method and connection system can utilize an active opto-electronic converter configured for removable optical engagement with an opposing contact. A barrel housing defines an interior cavity to capture the converter in the interior cavity for external optical engagement to the opposing contact via the first barrel opening for relative movement of the converter axis along the elongation axis, transverse thereto, and oblique thereto to accommodate mating tolerances responsive to engaging the opposing contact. A flexible circuit board assembly can be used to externally electrically interface the converter.

Abstract: An aerial terminal for optical fiber communication comprises at least one feeder port and a plurality of distribution ports, each distribution port comprising a flexible port having a seal, a press-in element and a clip, the aerial terminal being configured to receive a fiber through the at least one feeder port and to output a plurality of fibers through the plurality of distribution ports. Embodiments may comprise stackable loose tube fiber splice chips having a plurality of lower slots and a plurality of upper slots stacked on the plurality of lower slots.

Abstract: A fiber optic distribution cable includes a central inner jacket formed from one of a polyvinyl chloride or a low smoke zero halogen material, a plurality of optical fibers disposed within the inner jacket, and a plurality of first strength members disposed within the inner jacket. The fiber optic distribution cable further includes an outer jacket surrounding the central inner jacket, the outer jacket formed from the one of the polyvinyl chloride or the low smoke zero halogen material, and a plurality of second strength members disposed between the outer jacket and the central inner jacket. A fiber density of the cable is greater than 0.65 fibers per square millimeter.

Abstract: An optical communication cable is provided. The optical communication cable includes a cable jacket forming a central bore, a plurality of subunits having subunit sheaths, and a furcation plug coupled to the cable jacket, wherein the cable jacket defines an outer surface of the optical communication cable on an upstream side of the furcation plug and the plurality of subunits extend beyond the central bore and are exposed on a downstream side of the furcation plug such that the subunit sheaths define the outer surface of the optical communication cable. A plurality of connectors are coupled to the downstream ends of the plurality of subunits.

Abstract: A fiber optic communications arrangement includes a closure with an interior volume; the closure including at least one cable through-port in communication with the interior volume; and an expansion component attached to an exterior portion of the closure and having an interior region in communication with the closure interior volume. The expansion component includes ruggedized fiber optic adapters mounted thereto. Each of the ruggedized fiber optic adapters includes at least one connector port for receiving ruggedized fiber optic connectors.

Abstract: A fiber optic termination box includes a planar back section, outer walls, an exterior cable port formed in an outer wall, and a bend control structure. The bend control structure includes first and second curved planar sections that extend away from the from the planar back section, and first and second planar tabs that attach respectively to top edges of the first and second curved planar sections. The first curved planar section includes a first lower edge side, and a first bend that towards the second curved planar section. The second curved planar section includes a second lower edge side, and a second bend that curves towards the first curved planar section. The first planar tab extends in an opposite direction as the first bend. The second planar tab extends in an opposite direction as the second bend.

Abstract: A cassette may include a channel with a lock tab disposed within the channel. Each cassette may be adapted to receive and secure any type of data cable and cable connector. A chassis may include an alignment slot and a key which may extend away from the alignment slot, and the key may have a key aperture. The cassette may be coupled within the alignment slot by inserting the key into the channel so that the lock tab and key aperture are engaged together. Preferably, the portion of the key having the key aperture may be movable away from the portion of the cassette having the lock tab to disengage the lock tab and key aperture so that the cassette is able to be uncoupled from the alignment slot.

Abstract: An optical fiber cable management panel includes drawer assemblies, each including a drawer slidable within a chassis. The drawer assemblies are secured together by a bracket that includes an interlock arrangement with the chassis. Such an interlock arrangement includes a non-threaded stud engaging a hole. Radius limiters may be part of the drawer assembly and include a cable entry aperture have a closed perimeter and a flared cable guide surface around most of, and preferably all of, the closed perimeter to allow for the entry of cables from all directions. A control mechanism controls movement of the radius limiter relative to the drawer assembly. The control mechanism includes a rotating member that has an axis of rotation transverse to the slidable motion of the radius limiter and normal to the radius limiter.

Abstract: A communications module housing includes an enclosure defining an opening, and a tray movably positioned within the enclosure. The tray includes a base, and a front rail positioned on the base, the front rail including a plurality of first mounts. The tray further includes a platform positioned on the base, the platform including a plurality of second mounts. The tray further includes a rear rail positioned on the base, the rear rail including a plurality of third mounts. The first and second mounts correspond to mounting features of the first communications modules and the third mounts correspond to mounting features of the second communications modules.

Abstract: A camera lens module includes an image sensor and a lens assembly. The image sensor includes a photosensitive chip defining a photosensitive path, wherein the lens assembly is coupled to the image sensor along the photosensitive path of the photosensitive chip. The lens assembly includes at least one optical lens module and an aperture member coupled at the optical lens module, wherein the optical lens module includes a lens barrel and at least an optical lens supported within the lens barrel. A relative position of the lens assembly with respect to the image sensor is adjustable for calibration and the relative position of the optical lens module is permanently fixed after calibration.

Abstract: A sight glass for mounting in a hole, provided with radially inwardly extending protrusions, in a sheet material wall of a housing, for example a switchgear housing, includes: a body with a mounting surface and a cylindrical wall arranged on the mounting surface and extending perpendicularly from the mounting surface; a plurality of L-shaped slots in the radially outer surface of the cylindrical wall; and a gasket arranged on the mounting surface, the gasket enclosing the cylindrical wall. The body and cylindrical wall are of a monolithic transparent material.

Abstract: A lens module to exclude stray and internally-reflected light and thereby avoid flares and stains in images includes a lens unit, a circuit board, an image sensor, an optical filter, and a hollow mounting frame. The lens unit includes hollow lens holder and lens therein. The image sensor is connected onto the circuit board. The optical filter is at one side of the mounting frame, opposing side is fixed to the circuit board to enclose the image sensor. A light blocking layer is formed on four sides of a surface of the optical filter facing away from the image sensor. A structurally-significant dustproof adhesive layer fills a first gap between the mounting frame and the optical filter and a second gap between the mounting frame and the shielding layer. The lens holder is connected to the mounting frame.

Abstract: This invention provides a vision system having a housing and an interchangeable lens module is provided. The module is adapted to seat on a C-mount ring provided on the front, mounting face of the housing. The module is attached via a plurality of fasteners that pass through a frame of the module and into the mounting face. The module includes a connector in a fixed location, which mates with a connector well on the mounting face to provide power and control to a driver board that operates a variable (e.g. liquid) lens within the optics of the lens module. The driver board is connected to the lens body by a flexible printed circuit board (PCB), which also allows for axial motion of the lens body with respect to the frame. This axial motion can be effected by an adjustment ring that can include an indexed/lockable, geared, outer surface.

Abstract: The zoom lens consists of a positive first lens group, a negative second lens group moving during zooming, a positive third lens group moving during zooming, and a positive fourth lens group which does not move during zooming in order from an object side. Only the third lens group moves during focusing. A lens surface closest to an object is a convex surface. A conditional expression of 5<TL2/(Y×ft)<9.5 which is related to a total optical length TL at a telephoto end, a maximum image height Y, and a focal length ft of the entire system at the telephoto end in a state in which an object at infinity is in focus is satisfied.

Abstract: The invention discloses a seven-piece optical lens for capturing image and a seven-piece optical module for capturing image. In order from an object side to an image side, the optical lens along the optical axis comprises a first lens with refractive power; a second lens with refractive power; a third lens with refractive power; a fourth lens with refractive power; a fifth lens with refractive power; a sixth lens with refractive power; and a seventh lens with refractive power; at least one of the image-side surface and object-side surface of each of the seven lens elements is aspheric. The optical lens can increase aperture value and improve the imaging quality for use in compact cameras.

Abstract: An imaging lens includes a first lens; a second lens; a third lens; a fourth lens; a fifth lens; and a sixth lens, arranged in this order from an object side to an image plane side. The second lens has a convex surface facing the object side near an optical axis thereof. The fifth lens has a convex surface facing the image plane side near an optical axis thereof. The sixth lens has a convex surface facing the image plane side near an optical axis thereof. The first lens is arranged so that a surface thereof on the object side is away from an image plane by a specific distance on an optical axis thereof. The second lens is arranged to be away from the third lens by a specific distance on the optical axis thereof. The third lens has a specific Abbe's number.

Abstract: An imaging lens includes a first lens; a second lens; a third lens having positive refractive power; a fourth lens; a fifth lens; and a sixth lens, arranged in this order from an object side to an image plane side. The second lens has a convex surface facing the object side near an optical axis thereof. The sixth lens has a convex surface facing the image plane side near an optical axis thereof. The first lens is arranged so that a surface thereof on the object side is away from an image plane by a specific distance on an optical axis thereof. The second lens is arranged to be away from the third lens by a specific distance on the optical axis thereof. The fourth lens is arranged to be away from the fifth lens by a specific distance on an optical axis thereof.

Abstract: An optical photographing lens assembly includes seven lens elements, which are, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens element, a second lens element, a third lens element, a fourth lens element, a fifth lens element, a sixth lens element and a seventh lens element. The first lens element with positive refractive power has an object-side surface being convex in a paraxial region thereof. The third lens element has positive refractive power. The seventh lens element has an image-side surface being concave in a paraxial region thereof and including at least one convex shape in an off-axis region thereof. An object-side surface and the image-side surface of the seventh lens element are aspheric.

Abstract: A camera module is provided and includes a lens assembly and an illuminating module. The lens assembly includes a plurality of lenses and a lens barrel disposed around the lenses for supporting the lenses. The lens assembly includes an incident surface, an emergent surface and a lateral surface. The lens barrel includes a bearing part parallel to the lenses, and the bearing part is disposed on the emergent surface of the lens assembly and is not disposed on the incident surface of the lens assembly. The illuminating module includes at least one light source and an annular circuit board, and disposed on the incident surface of the lens assembly.

Abstract: An optical image capturing system is provided. In order from an object side to an image side, the optical image capturing system includes a first lens, a second lens with, a third lens, a fourth lens, a fifth lens, and a sixth lens. There is at least one lens with positive refractive power among the first lens to the fifth lens. The sixth lens may have negative refractive power and the object side and the image side thereof are aspheric At least one surface of the sixth has inflection points. When meeting some certain conditions, the optical image capturing system may have outstanding light-gathering ability and an adjustment ability about the optical path in order to elevate the image quality.

Abstract: An optical image capturing system includes, along the optical axis in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, a fifth lens, a sixth lens, and a seventh lens. At least one lens among the first to the sixth lenses has positive refractive force. The seventh lens can have negative refractive force, wherein both the surfaces of the seventh lens are aspheric surfaces, and at least one surface of the seventh lens has an inflection point. The lenses in the optical image capturing system which have refractive power include the first to the seventh lenses. The optical image capturing system can increase aperture value and improve the imaging quality for use in compact cameras.

Abstract: An optical imaging lens including a first lens element to an eighth lens element arranged in sequence from an object side to an image side along an optical axis is provided. The first lens element has positive refracting power. At least one of the object-side surface and the image-side of the second lens element is an aspheric surface. At least one of the object-side surface and the image-side of the third lens element is an aspheric surface. At least one of the object-side surface and the image-side of the fourth lens element is an aspheric surface. The object-side surface and the image-side of the fifth lens element are both aspheric surfaces. The object-side surface and the image-side of the sixth lens element are both aspheric surfaces. An optical axis region of the image-side surface of the seventh lens element is concave. An optical axis region of the object-side surface of the eighth lens element is concave.

Abstract: This disclosure discloses an optical imaging lens assembly, sequentially arranged from an object side to an image side along an optical axis, comprising: the first lens element with positive refractive power, the second lens element with negative refractive power having a convex object-side surface and a concave image-side surface, the third lens element with positive refractive power, the fourth lens element with negative refractive power having a concave object-side surface and a convex image-side surface, the fifth lens element with refractive power having a concave image-side surface, and both object-side surface and image-side surface being aspheric, wherein a stop and an image sensor disposed on an image plane are also provided. By such arrangements, the image pickup optical system satisfies conditions related to shorten the total length and to reduce the sensitivity for use in compact cameras and mobile phones with camera functionalities.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical unit comprising three lens groups, i.e., a first lens group, a second lens group and a third lens group, and an optical unit comprising four lens groups, i.e., a first lens group, a second lens group a third lens group and a fourth lens group, which are arranged in order from an object side toward an image side surface side, wherein one or more of said lens groups comprise a substrate having a curved optical surface, wherein said curved optical surface is provided with a polymer layer.

Abstract: A wide angle lens includes a first lens group and a second lens group. The first lens group includes a first lens having a negative refractive power, a second lens having a negative refractive power, and a third lens having a positive refractive power. The second lens group includes a fourth lens having a positive refractive power, a fifth lens having a positive refractive power, a sixth lens having a negative refractive power, and a seventh lens having a positive refractive power. The wide angle lens satisfies the following relationship: H2/G2R2<1.8, wherein H2 is a diameter of the image side surface of the first lens, and G2R2 is a curvature radius of the image side surface of the first lens.

Abstract: A single-focal lens system includes a first lens group having positive power, an aperture diaphragm, and a second lens group having positive power, in this order from an object side to an image side. The first lens group includes a first lens element having negative power, a second lens element having negative power, and a third lens element having positive power in this order from the object side to the image side. The second lens group includes a fourth lens element having power and a fifth lens element having positive power. When fG1 is a focal length of the first lens group at a d-line, fG2 is a focal length of the second lens group at the d-line, f4 is a focal length of the fourth lens element at the d-line, f is a focal length of an entire system at the d-line, and w is a half angle of view, a condition (1), a condition (3c) and a condition (6) shown below are satisfied. 0.5<fG1/fG2<3.0??(1) 11.

Abstract: A projector projects image light generated by an image generation unit, as an enlarged image via a projection system. The incident position of the image light on the projection system is moved by a lens shift mechanism. The projection system forms an intermediate image in the course of the optical path. A light-shielding mask is provided at an image forming position of the intermediate image. A light-shielding area by the light-shielding mask includes an area that does not overlap the intermediate image within a range of an effective image forming area at the image forming position of the intermediate image. For example, the light-shielding area is an area on the side opposite to the side to which the intermediate image is shifted, of the circular effective image forming area.

Abstract: A zoom optical system comprises, in order from an object: a front lens group (GFS) having a positive refractive power; an M1 lens group (GM1) having a negative refractive power; an M2 lens group (GM2) having a positive refractive power; and an RN lens group (GRN) having a negative refractive power, wherein upon zooming, distances between the front lens group and the M1 lens group, between the M1 lens group and the M2 lens group, and between the M2 lens group and the RN lens group change, upon focusing from an infinite distant object to a short distant object, the RN lens group moves, the RN lens group comprises at least one lens having a positive refractive power, and at least one lens having a negative refractive power, and following conditional expressions are satisfied, 2.70<fFP/(?fFN)<4.50, 0.25<(?fF)/f1<0.

Abstract: A zoom optical system (ZL) comprises, in order from an object: a first lens group (G1) having a positive refractive power; a second lens group (G2) having a negative refractive power; a third lens group (G3) having a positive refractive power; and a subsequent lens group (GR), wherein upon zooming, a distance between the first lens group (G1) and the second lens group (G2) changes, a distance between the second lens group (G2) and the third lens group (G3) changes, and a distance between the third lens group (G3) and the subsequent lens group (GR) changes, the subsequent lens group (GR) comprises a focusing lens group that moves upon focusing, and following conditional expressions are satisfied, 3.70<f1/(?f2)<5.00, 3.20<f1/f3<5.00, where f1: a focal length of the first lens group (G1), f2: a focal length of the second lens group (G2), and f3: a focal length of the third lens group (G3).

Abstract: A zoom optical system (ZL) comprises, in order from an object: a first lens group (G1) having a positive refractive power; a second lens group (G2) having a negative refractive power; a third lens group (G3) having a positive refractive power; and a subsequent lens group (GR), wherein upon zooming, a distance between the first lens group (G1) and the second lens group (G2) changes, a distance between the second lens group (G2) and the third lens group (G3) changes, and a distance between the third lens group (G3) and the subsequent lens group (GR) changes, the subsequent lens group (GR) comprises a focusing lens group that moves upon focusing, and the second lens group (G2) comprises a partial group that satisfies following conditional expressions, 1.40<fvr/f2<2.30, 1.80<f1/fw<3.

Abstract: A zoom optical system comprises, in order from an object: a front lens group (GFS) having a positive refractive power; an M1 lens group (GM1) having a negative refractive power; an M2 lens group (GM2) having a positive refractive power; an RN lens group (GRN) having a negative refractive power; and a subsequent lens group (GRS). Upon zooming, the distance between the front lens group (GFS) and the M1 lens group (GM1) changes, the distance between the M1 lens group (GM1) and the M2 lens group (GM2) changes, and the distance between the M2 lens group (GM2) and the RN lens group (GRN) changes. Upon focusing from an infinite distant object to a short distant object, the RN lens group (GRN) moves.

Abstract: A light microscope includes a scan illumination unit, which is designed to illuminate a specimen having a line focus produced by an illumination light beam and moved transversely to a light propagation direction. A descanned detection unit is designed to produce a stationary first line image of a target region from detection light that originates from a target region of the specimen illuminated with the moving line focus. The scan illumination unit and the descanned detection unit have a common objective, which is designed to receive both the illumination light beam and the detection light. The descanned detection unit contains a dispersive element, which is designed to spectrally split the detection light in order to generate multiple second line images, corresponding to the first line image, with different spectral compositions.

Abstract: An optical system for generating an Airy beam light sheet comprising an optical arrangement for generating a Gaussian beam, and an optical element for converting the Gaussian beam into an Airy beam light sheet, wherein a single optical element is provided for converting the Gaussian beam into an Airy beam light sheet.