Abstract: A soft magnetic alloy including a main component having a compositional formula of (Fe(1?(?+?))X1?X2?)(1?(a+b+c))MaBbPc, and a sub component including at least C, S and Ti, wherein X1 is one or more selected from the group including Co and Ni, X2 is one or more selected from the group including Al, Mn, Ag, Zn, Sn, As, Sb, Bi, and rare earth elements, “M” is one or more selected from the group including Nb, Hf, Zr, Ta, Mo, W, and V, 0.020?a?0.14, 0.020?b?0.20, 0?c?0.040, ??0, ??0, and 0??+??0.50 are satisfied, when entire said soft magnetic alloy is 100 wt %, a content of said C is 0.001 to 0.050 wt %, a content of said S is 0.001 to 0.050 wt %, and a content of said Ti is 0.001 to 0.080 wt %, and when a value obtained by dividing the content of said C by the content of said S is C/S, then C/S satisfies 0.10?C/S?10.

Abstract: A permanent magnet includes at least two antiferromagnetic layers and at least two first ferromagnetic layers. A magnetization direction of each first ferromagnetic layer is set, by an exchange coupling, with one of the antiferromagnetic layers of the stack, parallel to and in the same direction as the magnetization directions of the other first ferromagnetic layers. The permanent magnet also includes at least one second ferromagnetic layer. A magnetization direction of each second ferromagnetic layer is pinned only by RKKY (Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida) coupling with at least one of the first ferromagnetic layers or with at least one other of the second ferromagnetic layers.

Abstract: An actuation apparatus may include a magnetic shape memory (MSM) element configured to compress locally at a portion of the MSM element in response to a perpendicular concentrated portion of a magnetic field. The apparatus may further include a plurality of conductive coils laterally offset from the MSM element. Central axes of each conductive coil of the plurality of conductive coils may be substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the MSM element. The apparatus may also include at least one permanent magnet in proximity to the MSM element. The permanent magnet may generate a significant portion of the magnetic field. By successively applying, reversing, and reducing or eliminating electrical currents applied to the conductive coils, a position of the perpendicular concentrated portion of the magnetic field may be moved relative to the MSM element.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for operating an electromagnetic coil assembly. As one example, a method comprises responsive to energization of an electromagnetic coil of an electromagnetic coil assembly, translating the electromagnetic coil along a central axis of the electromagnetic coil assembly toward a magnetic armature while maintaining the armature fixed along the central axis. The electromagnetic coil assembly may be utilized within various clutching, braking, or lever applications.

Abstract: A coil component includes: a body having coil portions disposed therein and exposed to one or more of surfaces of the body opposing each other in a width direction; external electrodes disposed on external surfaces of the body and connected to the coil portions; and insulating layers further disposed on the exposed coil portions.

Abstract: Provided is a reactor with enhanced strength. The reactor includes a coil, a magnetic core, an interposed member interposed between the coil and the magnetic core, and a resin mold portion. The interposed member includes a frame portion that has a first through hole, and a plate-shaped portion. The resin mold portion includes an interposed resin portion that is formed by a constituent resin of the resin mold portion being filled inside the first through hole, an inner side resin portion is formed by the constituent resin being filled inside a portion of a coil interior space, and an outer side resin portion. The plate-shaped portion includes an interposed wall portion, and a second through hole that is provided locally in a portion other than the interposed wall portion, and inside of which the constituent resin is filled.

Abstract: A transformer includes: a first coil section formed by coiling a conductor pattern in a planar state around an insertion hole provided on a circuit board; a second coil section that includes a first ring composed of a coil formed by coiling a conductor plate, the coil being covered with an electric-insulating resin, a second ring composed of a coil formed by coiling a conductor plate, the coil covered with the electric-insulating resin, and a coupled part formed by covering a coupled position between the first ring and the second ring with the electric-insulating resin; and core sections forming a closed magnetic circuit that magnetically couples the first coil section and the second coil section.

Abstract: The invention comprises an inductor, such as used in processing transmission of a 3-phase power system. The inductor comprises a flat/rectangular winding with a narrow edge of the flat winding wound around a core, where the width of the winding exceeds three times the height of the inductor facing edge of the winding. The inductor optionally comprises a distributed gap particle core and/or is wound in parallel with multiple windings. Optionally, the inductor is used as part of an equal coupling common mode electrical system for processing the 3-phase transmission and/or a high frequency inverter comprising a switching device, such as a silicon carbide metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor.

Abstract: A cylindrical superconducting coil assembly has multiple individual coil units stacked together and retained in place by retaining structures, each coil unit having a resin-impregnated annular superconducting coil bonded at its axial extremities to respective rings of non-ferromagnetic material.

Abstract: A film capacitor includes a main body portion including a dielectric film, and a first metal film and a second metal film on the dielectric film; and a first external electrode and a second external electrode which are respectively disposed at opposing ends of the main body portion. The first metal film and the second metal film each include a first portion, a second portion and a third portion. The third portion is located between the first portion and the second portion. The third portion of the first metal film is divided by a first groove extending in a first direction, and the third portion of the second metal film is divided by a second groove extending in a second direction. The first direction and the second direction intersect each other in a plan view of the film capacitor.

Abstract: A multilayer ceramic capacitor includes a ceramic body with first and second internal electrodes facing each other and dielectric layers interposed therebetween. First and second external electrodes are on external surfaces of the ceramic body and electrically connected to the first and second internal electrodes, respectively. A dielectric layer includes dielectric grains including, respectively, first regions in which dysprosium (Dy) is not present and second regions surrounding the first regions. Where a shortest distance between boundaries of the first regions (in which dysprosium (Dy) is not present) of two of the dielectric grains is “L,” the concentration of dysprosium (Dy) in a region within ±0.2L from a halfway point between the boundaries is lower than that of dysprosium (Dy) in the second regions.

Abstract: A capacitor comprising a first electrode and a second electrode where at least the first electrode comprises a ionically conductive material typically having both an electrical and ionic conductivity, such as an oxide. The capacitor further comprises a dielectric material contacting the first and second electrode and comprising a porous material having a surface area greater than 0.5 m2 of surface/gm of material, and further comprising a liquid containing ions within the pores of the porous material. In certain embodiments, the capacitor additionally comprises a first current collector in contact with the first electrode and a second current collector is contact with the second electrode, where the first and second current collector comprise an electrically conductive material.

Abstract: There is provided a multi-layer ceramic electronic component includes a ceramic body, an end external electrode unit, a side face external electrode unit. The ceramic body includes a pair of end faces, a pair of first side faces, and a pair of second side faces all of which are faced each other, respectively. The ceramic body includes a plurality of ceramic layers and an internal electrode unit. A plurality of the ceramic layers extend along a pair of the first side faces, and are laminated along a pair of the second side faces. The internal electrode unit includes first and second internal electrodes disposed alternately between a plurality of the ceramic layers, the first internal electrodes are drawn to both ends of a pair of the end faces, and the second internal electrodes are dawn to both ends of a pair of the second side faces. The end external electrode unit is connected to the first internal electrodes.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a multilayer ceramic capacitor includes preparing a green multilayer body including a stack of dielectric sheets printed with inner electrodes, coating the green multilayer body with a conductive paste that is connected to the inner electrodes, and firing the conductive paste and the green multilayer body at the same time, wherein a rate of temperature increase from about 800° C. to about 1,100° C. during the firing is about 15° C. per minute or more.

Abstract: A ceramic electronic component includes a body including a dielectric layer and first and second internal electrodes disposed to oppose each other with the dielectric layer interposed therebetween, first and second external electrodes each including a connection portion disposed on a side surface of the body and a band portion extending from the connection portion to portions of upper/lower and front/rear surfaces of the body, first and second resin layers each disposed between the band portion and the body and extending from an end of the band portion towards each side surface by a predetermined length, in which the predetermined length is within a range of 3 ?m to 200 ?m.

Abstract: A multi-layer ceramic capacitor includes a multi-layer unit and a side margin. The multi-layer unit includes a capacitance forming unit and a cover. The capacitance forming unit includes ceramic layers laminated in a first direction and internal electrodes disposed between the ceramic layers and mainly containing nickel. The cover covers the capacitance forming unit from the first direction. The side margin covers the multi-layer unit from a second direction orthogonal to the first direction. The internal electrodes each include an oxidized area adjacent to the side margin and intensively including a metal element that forms an oxide together with nickel. The capacitance forming unit includes a first portion adjacent to the cover and a second portion adjacent to the first portion in the first direction and including the oxidized area having a smaller dimension in the second direction than that of the oxidized area of the first portion.

Abstract: A method of forming an electrolytic capacitor is provided. The method includes obtaining an unverified mineral sample from a mine site, analyzing the unverified mineral sample via quantitative mineralogical analysis and comparing data collected during the quantitative mineralogical analysis for the unverified mineral sample to data in a database that corresponds to quantitative mineralogical analysis collected for verified mineral samples sourced from one or more mine sites from a conflict-free geographic region to determine if the unverified mineral sample is sourced from one or more mine sites from the conflict-free geographic region. If it is determined that the unverified mineral sample is sourced from one or more mine sites from the conflict-free geographic region, the method then involves converting the unverified mineral sample into an anode for the electrolytic capacitor. The electrolytic capacitor can be a solid electrolytic capacitor or a wet electrolytic capacitor.

Abstract: An electrolytic capacitor includes an anode body having a dielectric layer; a solid electrolyte layer in contact with the dielectric layer of the anode body; and an electrolytic solution. The electrolytic solution contains a solvent and a solute. The solvent contains a glycol compound. The solute contains an acid component and a base component. A mass of the acid component in the solute is greater than a mass of the base component in the solute. The acid component contains a first aromatic compound having a hydroxyl group.

Abstract: A capacitor that includes a conductive metal base member having a porous portion in a first main surface, a dielectric layer that entirely covers the first main surface and entirely covers side surfaces disposed along a direction orthogonal to the first main surface, an electrode layer covering the dielectric layer, a second extended electrode covering the electrode layer, a first extended electrode covering a second main surface of the conductive metal base member opposite the first main surface, and an insulation layer that insulates the electrode layer and the conductive metal base member from each other.

Abstract: A porous coordination polymer-ionic liquid composite according to the present invention includes an insulating structure composed of a porous coordination polymer, and an ionic liquid retained inside pores of the porous coordination polymer. The porous coordination polymer preferably has a main chain containing a typical metal element.

Abstract: A continuous electric/electronic device and a method of manufacturing the same are disclosed. The method of manufacturing a continuous electric/electronic device having a serial connection structure comprises (a) disposing a first electrode current collection unit, (b) disposing first organic?inorganic material in regard to the first electrode current collection unit, (c) laminating a first area of a second electrode current collection unit on the disposed first organic?inorganic material, (d) disposing second organic?inorganic material in regard to a second area of the second electrode current collection unit and (e) laminating a third electrode current collection unit on the disposed second organic?inorganic material. Here, the first area and the second area of the second electrode current collection unit operate as current collection units having different polarity in regard to adjoining first organic?inorganic material and second organic?inorganic material.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a housing including an opening, a key member disposed to project inwardly of the housing through the opening and, a switch disposed to face the key member, a first member disposed inside the housing, and a waterproof member disposed to surround the opening while being sandwiched between an inner surface of the housing and the first member. The first member includes a projecting portion that projects to be away from the opening and is contactable with the switch when the key member is pressed.

Abstract: A button switch includes a base having a pillar, a cover disposed on the base, a sleeve, an arm adjacent to the pillar and an elastic member having upward-force-applying, extending-rod, and flexible-rod portions. The sleeve jackets the pillar, passes through the cover, and has first and second ribs. The upward-force-applying portion jackets the pillar and abuts against the sleeve and the base to drive the sleeve to move away from the base. The extending-rod portion extends from the upward-force-applying portion to be connected to the flexible-rod portion located under the first rib. When the sleeve is located at a high position, the second rib biases the arm to deform. When the sleeve is located at a low position, the second rib is misaligned with the arm. The flexible-rod portion crosses the first rib to be released and then collides with the cover to make sound as the sleeve is pressed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a push-type rotary switch having display function, comprising: a bearing seat having a signal producing unit and an IR interruption sensing signal producing unit, and a first signal being produced when pressing the signal producing unit, when a space between the IR reception end and the IR emission end is not interrupted, the circuit base emits a second signal; a rotating seat rotatably setting on the bearing seat, the signal producing unit being optionally pressed on the rotating seat; a key cap covering with the rotating seat, when the key cap is pushed, the key cap further presses the rotating seat, when the key cap is forced to rotate, the rotating seat correspondingly rotates, and the space between the IR reception end and the IR emission end is optionally interrupted when the key cap rotates; and a display being correspondingly set under the transparent wall.

Abstract: An electrical switching assembly. The electrical switching assembly includes an integral handle and rotor unit including an integral rotor portion and a handle portion. The rotor portion is configured to receive one or more conductors and is configured to be received in a line base. The integral handle and rotor unit includes the handle portion and the rotor portion in a one-piece assembly and the integral handle and rotor unit is molded as a single unit and formed from a single rigid insulating material.

Abstract: A gas-insulated circuit breaker is disclosed that includes a housing defining a gas volume for a dielectric gas; a nominal contact system and an interruption contact system with a pin and a tulip that they are electrically connectable to and disconnectable from one another along an axis. The circuit breaker includes a guiding assembly including a guide sleeve and a guiding member that is coupled to the pin; and a gas damping assembly configured to damp a breaking movement of the pin by compressing the dielectric gas in an absorber volume. A movable absorption element and the absorber volume are arranged radially inward of the guide sleeve.

Abstract: A magnetic keyboard has a plurality of magnetic keyswitches, and each magnetic keyswitch include a base, a keycap, a supporting device, a magnetic component and a metal thin sheet. The base has at least one engaging structure and a hole. The supporting device has a first support, an end of the first support is movably connected to the engaging structure, and the other end of the first support is movably connected to the keycap. The first support has a magnet portion. The magnetic component is disposed on the base and functioned with the magnet portion to provide a recovering force to the keycap. The metal thin sheet is disposed under the base and has a bendable cantilever portion covering the hole. While the cantilever portion is bent by an external force, the magnetic component can be removed through the hole.

Abstract: This disclosure describes systems, methods, and apparatus for determining a relay delay for a relay of a relay device used to switch AC power to and from a load. The relay delay can be pre-determined as a model or polynomial including variables for temperature and age, such that the switching instructions can be sent to the rely a relay delay before a zero crossing of the AC signal that the relay is switching, and where the relay delay accounts for temperature and age of the relay in real time or near real time.

Abstract: In an electromagnetic relay device, a stationary core is coaxially arranged in an exciting coil, and constitutes a magnetic circuit. A yoke is arranged to surround an outer periphery of the exciting coil and the second end of the exciting coil to constitute the magnetic circuit. The yoke has an opening that is located to be closer to the first end of the exciting coil than to the second end of the exciting coil, and that faces the stationary core. A movable core is located to face the stationary core via the opening. The movable core is pulled to the stationary core upon the exciting coil being energized. A return spring is made of a magnetic member that is volutely wound in an axial direction of the stationary core. The return spring urges the movable core to be separated from the stationary core.

Abstract: A touchless magnetic-only coupled solenoid trip system for a miniature circuit breaker achieves magnetic tripping using a floating plunger assembly in a solenoid coil/housing to narrow a magnetic gap between plunger and trip assembly to cause the magnetic trip The floating plunger of the solenoid can also move out of the way if the bimetal bends to cause a thermal trip.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fuse manufacturing method and a fuse that facilitate an assembling work of the fuse. Disclosed is a method of manufacturing a fuse including a fuse element including a pair of terminal portions and a fusing portion between the terminal portions, a casing for accommodating the fuse element, and a cap for closing openings at both ends of the casing. In this fuse manufacturing method, the fuse element is positioned in the casing such that the terminal portion of the fuse element protrudes from the opening of the casing, and a holding plate for holding the fuse element is inserted between a peripheral portion of the opening of the casing and an abutment piece provided at the terminal portion of the fuse element. Further, in this method, the opening of the casing is closed by the cap so as to cover the holding plate.

Abstract: According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a photocathode may include: a mesh having a first surface and a second surface facing away from the first surface, and including metallic, semiconductor or ceramic mesh grid with micron-sized openings in the mesh; a photosensitive film on the first surface of the mesh and extending at least partially into the openings of the mesh; and a graphene layer including one or more graphene sheets on the second surface of the mesh.

Abstract: A first member made of an insulating material and a jig with a protrusion narrowing toward a distal end side are prepared, and at least one of the first member and the jig is heated to a temperature at which the first member can melt and deform. After the jig is brought into contact with the first member with the first member and the plurality of protrusions facing each other, the jig is removed, and an intermediate body is formed including the first member formed with a plurality of recesses, and a plurality of conductive members passing through the first member and projecting into the recesses. A second member is prepared, openings of the plurality of recesses are closed, and the second member is hermetically joined to the intermediate body to form a plurality of internal spaces where electron is emitted, and forming a joined body.

Abstract: A slow waveguide for travelling wave tube includes a central plate comprising a beam slip hole, rectilinear in the same direction as the longitudinal axis of the central plate, a bottom plate and a top plate closing the waveguide, respectively arranged on and under the central plate, and a slit folded in the form of a snake having its folds in the direction of the thickness of the guide.

Abstract: An anode has a base member, on which an X-ray active layer is applied. A first cooling circuit with a first cooling medium extends at least in part in the base member beneath the X-ray active layer. A second cooling circuit with a second cooling medium is arranged beneath the first cooling circuit. The anode exhibits distinctly improved thermo mechanical properties.

Abstract: An x-ray device is presented. The x-ray device includes a cathode configured to emit an electron beam. Further, the x-ray device includes an anode having an anode surface configured to generate x-rays in response to the emitted electron beam impinging on a focal spot on the anode surface. Also, the x-ray device includes a reciprocating assembly including a drive shaft operatively coupled to the anode and a first bearing unit operatively coupled to the drive shaft, where the first bearing unit is configured to translate the anode via the drive shaft to distribute heat generated in the anode. Moreover, the x-ray device includes a first diaphragm disposed between the anode and the first bearing unit and configured to cease a flow of one or more first lubricants from the first bearing unit towards the anode.

Abstract: Methods for maintaining a specified beam profile of an x-ray beam extracted from an x-ray target over a large range of extraction angles relative to the target. A beam of electrons is generated and directed toward a target at an angle of incidence with respect to the target, with the beam of electrons forming a focal spot corresponding to the cross-section of the electron beam. At least one of a size, shape, and orientation of the electron beam cross-section is dynamically varied as the extraction angle is varied, and the extracted x-ray beam is collimated. Dynamically varying the size, shape or orientation of the electron beam cross-section may be performed using focusing and stigmator coils.

Abstract: An electron energy loss spectrometer is described having a direct detection sensor, a high speed shutter and a sensor processor wherein the sensor processor combines images from individual sensor read-outs and converts a two dimensional image from said sensor into a one dimensional spectrum and wherein the one dimensional spectrum is output to a computer and operation of the high speed shutter is integrated with timing of imaging the sensor. The shutter is controlled to allow reduction in exposure of images corresponding to the individual sensor readouts. A plurality of images are exposed by imaging less than the full possible exposure and wherein the plurality of images are combined to form a composite image. The plurality of images can be comprised of images created by exposing the sensor for different exposure times.

Abstract: A photocathode can include a body fabricated of a wide bandgap semiconductor material, a metal layer, and an alkali halide photocathode emitter. The body may have a thickness of less than 100 nm and the alkali halide photocathode may have a thickness less than 10 nm. The photocathode can be illuminated with a dual wavelength scheme.

Abstract: A particle beam system includes a particle source to produce a first beam of charged particles. The particle beam system also includes a multiple beam producer to produce a plurality of partial beams from a first incident beam of charged particles. The partial beams are spaced apart spatially in a direction perpendicular to a propagation direction of the partial beams. The plurality of partial beams includes at least a first partial beam and a second partial beam. The particle beam system further includes an objective to focus incident partial beams in a first plane so that a first region, on which the first partial beam is incident in the first plane, is separated from a second region, on which a second partial beam is incident. The particle beam system also a detector system including a plurality of detection regions and a projective system.

Abstract: A system and method for imaging a sample having a complex structure (such as an integrated circuit). The sample is placed on a motion system that moves the sample with respect to an electron beam generator that is used in imaging the sample. The motion system affords thirteen degrees-of-freedom for movement of the sample, by providing a rotation stage, a fine 6-axis piezoelectric-driven stage, and a coarse 6-axis hexapod stage. Various detectors gather information to image the sample. Interferometric and/or capacitive sensors are used to measure the position of the sample and motion system.

Abstract: A device with an ion column and a scanning electron microscope comprises at least one column detector of signal electrons placed inside or on the ion column. Signal generated on the sample is detected on the column detector during landing of a broad beam generated by the scanning electron microscope on the sample surface.

Abstract: An electron microscope for observation by illuminating an electron beam on a specimen, includes: an edge element disposed in a diffraction plane where a direct beam not diffracted by but transmitted through the specimen converges or a plane equivalent to the diffraction plane; and a control unit for controlling the electron beam or the edge element. The edge element includes a blocking portion for blocking the electron beam, and an aperture for allowing the passage of the electron beam. The aperture is defined by an edge of the blocking portion in a manner that the edge surrounds a convergence point of the direct beam in the diffraction plane. The control unit varies contrast of an observation image by shifting, relative to the edge, the convergence point of the direct beam along the edge while maintaining a predetermined distance between the convergence point of the direct beam and the edge.

Abstract: An ion implantation system is provided having one or more conductive components comprised of one or more of lanthanated tungsten and a refractory metal alloyed with a predetermined percentage of a rare earth metal. The conductive component may be a component of an ion source, such as one or more of a cathode, cathode shield, a repeller, a liner, an aperture plate, an arc chamber body, and a strike plate. The aperture plate may be associated with one or more of an extraction aperture, a suppression aperture and a ground aperture.

Abstract: A system that utilizes a component that controls thermal gradients and the flow of thermal energy by variation in density is disclosed. Methods of fabricating the component are also disclosed. The component is manufactured using additive manufacturing. In this way, the density of different regions of the component can be customized as desired. For example, a lattice pattern may be created in the interior of a region of the component to reduce the amount of material used. This reduces weight and also decreases the thermal conduction of that region. By using low density regions and high density regions, the flow of thermal energy can be controlled to accommodate the design constraints.

Abstract: A method is provided for at least partially preventing discolouration of a substrate by a plasma coating process, by diffusing a plasma prior to and/or during depositing of said plasma on said substrate to form a coating. Also provided is a plasma coating apparatus comprising a plasma diffuser for homogenizing a plasma density nearby a substrate to be coated.

Abstract: A film forming apparatus includes a first supply unit configured to supply a first reaction gas into the reaction vessel under an environment of a first pressure, a second supply unit configured to supply a second reaction gas into the reaction vessel under an environment of a second pressure lower than the first pressure, a first vacuum exhaust mechanism connected to the reaction vessel through a first exhaust path in order to create the environment of the first pressure within the reaction vessel, a second vacuum exhaust mechanism connected to the reaction vessel through a second exhaust path in order to create the environment of the second pressure, the second vacuum exhaust mechanism being lower in an operation pressure zone than the first vacuum exhaust mechanism, and a switching unit configured to switch exhaust destinations of the reaction vessel between the first path and the second path.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a plasma chamber design that allows extremely symmetrical electrical, thermal, and gas flow conductance through the chamber. By providing such symmetry, plasma formed within the chamber naturally has improved uniformity across the surface of a substrate disposed in a processing region of the chamber. Further, other chamber additions, such as providing the ability to manipulate the gap between upper and lower electrodes as well as between a gas inlet and a substrate being processed, allows better control of plasma processing and uniformity as compared to conventional systems.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hollow cathode plasma source and to methods for surface treating or coating using such a plasma source, comprising first and second electrodes (1, 2), each electrode comprising an elongated cavity (4), wherein dimensions for at least one of the following parameters is selected so as to ensure high electron density and/or low amount of sputtering of plasma source cavity surfaces, those parameters being cavity cross section shape, cavity cross section area cavity distance (11), and outlet nozzle width (12).

Abstract: A method for suppressing arcing in helium distribution channels of an electrostatic chuck in a plasma processing chamber, wherein the electrostatic chuck is connected to a voltage source for providing a chucking voltage and wherein the plasma processing chamber comprises a process gas source, and a plasma power source for transforming the process gas into a plasma is provided. A gas is flowed through the helium distribution channels of an electrostatic chuck to a back side of a wafer. The gas comprises helium and an electronegative gas.