Abstract: An object is to provide a method of eliminating background amplification in detection of rare nucleic acids based on isothermal amplification. The method comprising steps of: preparing a mixture including solution and enzymes, and adding a first and a second template into the mixture, wherein the first template is an amplification template, and the second template is a leak absorption template. Methods to use this approach for multiplexed, ultrasensitive and ultra-specific detection of nucleic acids are presented.

Abstract: Compositions and methods of evaluating genomic alterations in a sample are disclosed.

Abstract: Provided are methods of producing nucleic acid libraries. In certain aspects, the methods include combining target nucleic acids (e.g., 5? phosphorylated nucleic acids) and an oligonucleotide pool. Oligonucleotides of the oligonucleotide pool may include complementarity regions of varying length and nucleotide sequence, and a complementarity region identification sequence. In such aspects, the combining is under conditions in which oligonucleotides of the oligonucleotide pool hybridize to nucleic acids of the target nucleic acids (e.g., 5? phosphorylated nucleic acids) having overhang regions that are complementary in sequence and have corresponding lengths with respect to the complementarity regions of the oligonucleotides. Compositions and kits that find use, e.g., in practicing the methods of the present disclosure are also provided.

Abstract: A system may include a first conduit configured to form a first batch of discrete volumes of aqueous fluid separated by spacing liquid disposed between consecutive volumes of aqueous fluid, the spacing liquid being immiscible with the aqueous fluid volumes; a second conduit, fluidically coupled to the first conduit, the second conduit configured to statically hold the first batch of discrete volumes of aqueous fluid; and a third conduit configured to receive the first batch of discrete volumes of aqueous fluid from the second conduit. The third conduit can be configured to transfer the discrete volumes of aqueous fluid of the first batch for downstream processing.

Abstract: Methods, devices, and systems for performing intermittent detection during analytical reactions are provided. Such methods facilitate collection of reaction data from disparate reaction times. Further, such methods are useful for reducing photo-induced damage of one or more reactants in an illuminated analytical reaction at a given reaction time. In preferred embodiments, the reaction mixture is subjected to at least one illuminated and non-illuminated period and allowed to proceed such that the time in which the reaction mixture is illuminated is less than a photo-induced damage threshold period.

Abstract: A method includes (i) providing an RNA polynucleotide; (ii) modifying the RNA polynucleotide by annealing and ligating a polynucleotide comprising a 3? terminal random multimer segment and having a stem-loop form; (iii) optionally performing a reverse transcription of the RNA polynucleotide; (iv) cleaving the stem-loop segment of the annealed polynucleotide to yield a 3? A overhang; (v) connecting an adaptor polynucleotide complex associated with an RNA translocase enzyme and at least one cholesterol tether segment to the polynucleotide obtained in step (iv); (vi) contacting the modified RNA polynucleotide obtained in step (v) with a transmembrane pore such that the RNA translocase controls the movement of the RNA polynucleotide through the transmembrane pore and the cholesterol tether anchors the RNA polynucleotide in the vicinity of the transmembrane pore; and (vii) taking one or more measurements during the movement of the RNA polynucleotide through the transmembrane pore Other features are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for detecting rare genomic variants in a population of cells is disclosed. The method can detect de novo mutations in bacteria and analyze the impact of various physiological conditions on mutation rate, even though such effects would be too subtle to detect using other methods. The method can be used for detection of low-frequency subpopulations in the microbiome or in cancer.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods of removing non-target DNA contamination from sample. The invention additionally is directed to the analysis of fetal DNA from an endocervical sample. The present invention is also directed to methods and devices for collection of an endocervical sample from a subject and subsequent analysis of the sample for diagnostic purposes.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods, compositions, devices, systems and kits are described including, without limitation, reagents and mixtures, for determining the identity of nucleic acids in nucleotide sequences using, for example, data obtained from sequencing by synthesis methods.

Abstract: An aqueous reagent solution includes a magnesium salt in a range of 30 mM to 500 mM, a potassium salt in a range of 0.8 M to 1.0 M, a buffering agent in a range of 150 mM to 500 mM, and a surfactant in a range of 0.05% to 0.5%.

Abstract: Provided herein are, inter alia, nucleic acids, methods, and kits for detecting unmethylated DNA in body fluid sample of a subject. The disclosure includes compositions, methods, and kits for detecting unmethylation at a CpG site in an insulin gene promoter of a subject.

Abstract: Methods of identifying polymorphisms associated with ataxia-ocular apraxia 2 (AOA2), are described. The polymorphisms associated with AOA2 include specific mutations in the senataxin (SETX) gene. Also described are methods of diagnosis of AOA2, as well as methods of assessing an individual for carrier status for AOA2.

Abstract: This application discloses methods, systems and kits for correlating the presence or absence of certain nucleic acid sequences within a population with the ability to create immune tolerance in that same population. Tolerance can be induced by solo or repeated administration of antigen, including soluble antigens administered either intravenously or sublingually. This application also discloses methods for detecting variants. In addition the application addresses the use or avoidance of non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs in therapy.

Abstract: Provided herein are, inter alia, methods whereby response to psychotropic drugs can be predicted, methods of treating neuropsychiatric disorders, and methods of detecting a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) relating to treating neuropsychiatric disorders.

Abstract: This invention provides methods of diagnosis, predicting and diagnosing susceptibility to, predicting disease progression and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease and/or subtypes of Crohn's disease (CD) and/or Ulcerative Colitis (UC). In one embodiment, a method of the invention is practiced by determining the presence or absence of the genetic variants NOD2, TLR8, TLR2, CARD8, CARD15 and/or JAK3 to diagnose, predict and diagnose susceptibility and predict disease progression in an individual. In another embodiment, a method of the invention is practiced by determining the presence or absence of anti-Cbir1, anti-OmpC, ASCA, anti-I2 and/or pANCA in an individual. In another embodiment, the invention further associates the presence or absence of the risk variants with the expression of anti-Cbir1, anti-OmpC, ASCA, anti-I2 and/or pANCA for the diagnosis, prediction of susceptibility, prediction of disease progression and/or treatment of IBD, including CD and/or UC.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for simultaneously amplifying multiple nucleic acid regions of interest in one reaction volume as well as methods for selecting a library of primers for use in such amplification methods. The invention also provides library of primers with desirable characteristics, such as minimal formation of amplified primer dimers or other non-target amplicons.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for discovering agents that are effective in reversing epigenetic silencing by inhibiting the interaction of methyl-binding (MBD) proteins with methylated genomic DNA. Also provided are methods for reactivating silenced genes having CpG island hypermethylation along with methods for treatment and prevention of diseases, such as cancer and sickle cell anemia, by administering an agent that modulates methyl-binding domain (MBD) protein-mediated transcriptional repression, thereby increasing gene transcription to prevent or treat disease. Additionally, compounds identified by the present invention useful for treatment and prevention of diseases, such as cancer and sickle cell anemia, are provided.

Abstract: A kit for detecting urothelial carcinoma is provided. The kit includes at least one primer or probe for detecting one or more miRNAs, and the one or more miRNAs are selected from the group consisting of miR-19b-1, miR-636, miR-150, miR-155, miR-183, miR-378, miR-210, miR-487, and combinations thereof. A method for detecting urothelial carcinoma is also provided. The method includes detecting the expression level(s) of one or more miRNAs in a sample of a subject, and the one or more miRNAs are selected from the group consisting of miR-19b-1, miR-636, miR-150, miR-155, miR-183, miR-378, miR-210, miR-487, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: Diagnostic assays for facilitating the diagnosis of lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL) are provided. The method comprises assessing a biological sample of the subject for the presence of a mutation at position 38182641 in chromosome 3p22.2, wherein presence of the mutation is indicative that the subject has LPL. Also, provided are targeted therapies, methods for monitoring the progression or recurrence of LPL, and a sensitive and inexpensive real-time allele specific polymerase chain reaction assay for reliable and quantitative assessments of the mutation.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are analytical methods and compositions for detecting expression level and mutational change in an individual in need thereof, which profiles RNA genomic DNA and/or microbial DNA. Also described herein include diagnostic methods which are based on the changes of expression levels and mutational change of RNA genomic DNA and/or microbial DNA.

Abstract: Provided are a detection kit and detection method for ITGA4 gene methylation. A primer and a probe provided by the present invention are matched, then detection can be carried out by taking a feces sample as an object, and thus the detection is simple, convenient and rapid. The detection can also be carried out on tissue specimens. Moreover, in the process of detecting the samples, the detection specificity and sensitivity are also improved. The experiment proves that for the feces specimen, when the specificity is 95.2%, the sensitivities of the methylated ITGA4 to intestinal cancer and adenoid tumor are 83.8% and 41.6%, respectively; and for the intestinal cancer tissue, when the specificity is 97.6% (40/41), the detection rates for colorectal cancer and adenoid tumor are 96.2% (101/105) and 71.6% (78/109), respectively. The effects are superior to the detection effects obtained by adopting other primers or probes.

Abstract: A method and a kit for detecting a target-tumor serum aptamer complex. The method relates to the detection of a marker target in a mixed sample, where a target-specific aptamer group, is bound with the target to convert the target marker signal into an aptamer signal, which can be dynamically and quantitatively detected by multiplex real-time quantitative PCR. The kit includes magnetic beads, a blocking buffer, a detection reagent, a detergent and a real-time quantitative PCR system. The magnetic beads have a particle size of 5-5000 nm. The blocking buffer is a solution for blocking proteins. The detection reagent contains a tumor serum-specific aptamer group and a non-tumor serum-specific aptamer. The real-time quantitative PCR system comprises a primer and fluorescent probes for aptamers. This method has characteristics of rapid detection, high sensitivity, strong specificity and simultaneous detection using various aptamers.

Abstract: This document relates to methods and materials for assessed, monitored, and/or treated mammals (e.g., humans) having cancer. For example, methods and materials for identifying a mammal as having cancer (e.g., a localized cancer) are provided. For example, methods and materials for assessing, monitoring, and/or treating a mammal having cancer are provided.

Abstract: Methods and kits are described for testing for the presence or absence of any fungus in a sample. Examples of fungi that can be detected include, but are not limited to, those belonging to the genera Candida, Aspergillus and Pneumocystis. The methods include obtaining a sample suspected of containing fungal nucleic acid, including at least one universal region of fungal nucleic acid, and testing for the presence or absence in the sample of the at least one universal region of fungal nucleic acid. Samples may be biological or non-biological.

Abstract: Provided are a reagent, method, and test kit for measuring sample nucleic acid. A strong alkaline nucleic acid extraction solution (the pH value being 10.5 to 12.5) is used to extract the nucleic acid in the sample; add directly the extracted nucleic acid into a PCR reaction solution (the pH value being 8.0 to 9.0) for neutralization; at the same time, carry out nucleic acid amplification and measurement. The present invention can measure the nucleic acid in different types of samples such as blood, blood plasma, whole blood, genital tract secretion, sputum, or urine. In the present invention, the extracted sample nucleic acid is neutralized in a PCR reaction solution instead of being neutralized during nucleic acid extraction, thereby effectively enhancing the nucleic acid extraction efficiency and PCR amplification efficiency, and substantially improving the accuracy and sensitivity of the sample nucleic acid measurement.

Abstract: Gene-modified, lymphoid-tissue-homing dendritic cells that comprise a 1-alpha-hydroxylase gene and a retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 gene, where the 1-alpha-hydroxylase gene is expressed to produce functional 1-alpha-hydroxylase enzyme and the retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 gene is expressed to produce functional retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 gene enzyme. A method for treating one or more than one inflammation-related condition or disease, the method comprising administering gene-modified, lymphoid-tissue-homing dendritic cells that comprise a 1-alpha-hydroxylase gene and a retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 gene, where the 1-alpha-hydroxylase gene is expressed to produce functional 1-alpha-hydroxylase enzyme and the retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 gene is expressed to produce functional retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2 gene enzyme.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of producing decolorized beet products and compositions produced therefrom. In some implementations, the decolorized beet product is decolorized beetroot juice.

Abstract: The present invention provides a wet leather stretching device, including a second bracket (12) provided with a mechanism for adjusting tension of a first belt (17), wherein the mechanism includes: a movable plate (41) coupled to each of left and right side surfaces of the second bracket (12); a support plate (31) coupled to one surface of each movable plate (41); a cylinder (32) having a lower part fixedly coupled to a lower part surface of each support plate (31); a rod (33) protruding a certain length through an upper part of each cylinder (32); a guide end (35) provided on one surface of the movable plate (41) at a distance above the support plate (31); a guide plate (36) connected to the rod (33) and contacting with the guide end (35), and a movable pipe (37) with a predetermined length contacting with the first belt (17).

Abstract: A method of operating an ironmaking or steelmaking plant with low CO2-emissions is provided. Hydrogen and oxygen are generated by water decomposition and at least part of the generated hydrogen is injected as a reducing gas into one or more ironmaking furnaces with off-gas decarbonation and reinjection into the furnaces of at least a significant part of the decarbonated off-gas and at least part of the generated oxygen is injected as an oxidizing gas in the one or more ironmaking.

Abstract: A process of producing a partially hardened metallic formed part comprises: heating a semi-finished product of hardenable hot-formable steel sheet to a hardening temperature; hot-forming the heated semi-finished product in a combined hot-forming cutting device into a three-dimensional formed part; cutting the formed part in the combined hot-forming cutting device; pressure-hardening the formed part in the hot-forming cutting device into a hardened formed part such that a first partial region is hardened by rapid cooling and that a second partial region of the formed part is heat-treated so as to comprise a greater ductility and a lower strength than the first partial region, wherein the operation of cutting the formed part takes place at least in one of the first and second partial region. A combined hot-forming cutting device can be used to produce a metallic formed part.

Abstract: A conveyance system for tensioning to post-treat a rapidly-solidified metal strip, and a method for post-treating the metal strip with the conveyance system is provided. The conveyance system comprises a tension roller assembly and a tensioning assembly, between which the metal strip is conveyed to be continuously post-treated under a predetermined tensile stress. The tension roller assembly comprises a single drive roller and a freely-rotating pressing roller. The metal strip is conveyed over an angle of wrap ? on the drive roller, and, with respect to the drive roller, the pressing roller is arranged at a contact point of the metal strip that defines one end of an angle of wrap ?. The method can include bridging the distance between the tensioning assembly and the tension roller assembly amid the insertion of the metal strip into the tension roller assembly, after a post-treatment region in space and in time.

Abstract: The purpose of one aspect of the present disclosure is to provide: a cold rolled steel sheet for a flux-cored wire, having excellent low temperature toughness, welding workability and processability; and a manufacturing method thereof. One embodiment of the present disclosure provides: a cold rolled steel sheet for a flux-cored wire, comprising, by wt %, 0.005-0.10% of C, 0.05-0.25% of Mn, 0.05% or less of Si (excluding 0%), 0.0005-0.01% of P, 0.008% or less of S (excluding 0%), 0.005-0.06% of Al, 0.0005-0.003% of N, 0.8-1.7% of Ni, 0.1-0.5% of Cr, and a balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and having 0.10-0.75 of WN defined by Relationship 1 below; and a manufacturing method therefor. Relationship 1: WN=(31×C+0.5×Mn+20×Al)×(Ni)×(0.6×Cr).

Abstract: Provided is a method for manufacturing a steel plate that includes plastic working as preliminary processing before press working and is capable of keeping the press formability of the steel plate after the preliminary processing. A method for manufacturing a steel plate used for press working, and the method includes: preparing a steel plate containing C: 0.03 to 0.50 mass % and Mn: 2.0 to 20 mass % and having a ratio of residual austenite in a metallographic structure that is 20 to 50 volume %; and plastic working at least a part of the prepared steel plate while heating the steel plate at 50° C. or higher for preliminary processing before press working.

Abstract: A steel sheet for the manufacture of a press hardened part is provided, having a composition of: 0.15%?C%?0.22%, 3.5%?Mn<4.2%, 0.001%?Si%?1.5%, 0.020%?Al?0.9%, 0.001%?Cr?1%, 0.001%?Mo?0.3%, 0.001%?Ti?0.040%, 0.0003%?B?0.004%, 0.001%?Nb?0.060%, 0.001%?N?0.009%, 0.0005%?S?0.003%, 0.001%?P?0.020%. A microstructure has less than 50% ferrite, 1% to 20% retained austenite, cementite, such that the surface density of cementite particles larger than 60 nm is lower than 10?7/mm2, and a complement of bainite and/or martensite, the retained austenite having an average Mn content of at least 1.1*Mn %. Press-hardened steel part obtained by hot forming the steel sheet, and manufacturing methods thereof.

Abstract: A device for the production of a metallic strip using a rapid solidification technology is provided. The device includes a movable heat sink with an external surface onto which a melt is poured and on which the melt solidifies to produce the strip, and which device includes a rolling device which can be pressed against the external surface of the movable heat sink while the heat sink is in motion.

Abstract: This application pertains to methods of recovering metals from metal sulfides that involve contacting the metal sulfide with an acidic sulfate solution containing ferric sulfate and a reagent that has a thiocarbonyl functional group, wherein the concentration of reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is sufficient to increase the rate of metal ion extraction relative to an acidic sulfate solution that does not contain the reagent, to produce a pregnant solution containing the metal ions.

Abstract: This application pertains to methods of recovering metals from metal sulfides that involve contacting the metal sulfide with an acidic sulfate solution containing ferric sulfate and a reagent that has a thiocarbonyl functional group, wherein the concentration of reagent in the acidic sulfate solution is sufficient to increase the rate of metal ion extraction relative to an acidic sulfate solution that does not contain the reagent, to produce a pregnant solution containing the metal ions.

Abstract: Herein disclosed includes the manufacture of sheets from a titanium alloy having a chemical composition efficiently balanced with manufacturability based on known conventional manufacturing techniques for finished products exhibiting low temperature superplastic forming properties. The result is achieved by a sheet material for low temperature superplastic made of titanium alloy with the following content of element by % wt.: 4.5-5.5Al, 4.5-5.5V, 0.1-1.0Mo, 0.8-1.5Fe, 0.1-0.5Cr, 0.1-0.5Ni, 0.16-0.25O, remainder is titanium and residual elements and having molybdenum structural equivalent [Mo]eqiv.>5 and aluminum structural equivalent [Al]equiv.<8; the equivalent values are calculated from the expressions: [Mo]eqiv.=[Mo]+[V]/1.5+[Cr]×1.25+[Fe]×2.5+[Ni]/0.8 [Al]eqiv.=[Al]+[O]×10+[Zr]/6.

Abstract: A composition of matter includes from about 16 to about 20 wt % chromium, greater than 6 to about 10 wt % aluminum, from about 2 to about 10 wt % iron, less than about 0.04 wt % yttrium, less than about 12 wt % cobalt, less than about 1.0 wt % manganese, less than about 1.0 wt % molybdenum, less than about 1.0 wt % silicon, less than about 0.25 wt % carbon, about 0.03 wt % boron, less than about 1.0 wt % tungsten, less than about 1.0 wt % tantalum, about 0.5 wt % titanium, about 0.5 wt % hafnium, about 0.5 wt % rhenium, about 0.4 wt % lanthanide elements, and the balance being nickel and incidental impurities. This nickel-based superalloy composition may be used in superalloy articles, such as a blade, nozzle, a shroud, a splash plate, a squealer tip of the blade, and a combustor of a gas turbine engine.

Abstract: The novel nickel-base superalloy useful in an additive manufacturing process or a powder-based manufacturing process comprises the following composition in wt %: Cr about 8.0-about 12.0, Co about 9.0-about 11.0, Mo about 0.4-about 0.6, W about 9.0-about 10.0, Ta about 0.1-about 3.5, Al about 4.4-about 5.6, Ti about 0.1-about 1.0, Hf about 0.3-about 0.9, C about 0.01-about 0.06, B about 0.005-about 0.010, Zr 0-about 0.005, Nb about 0.1-about 0.6, Mn 0-about 0.05, S 0-about 0.003, the balance nickel and incidental elements and unavoidable impurities, in which the total content of Al, Ta and Ti does not exceed 9.0 wt % and in which the total content of Nb and Ta does not exceed 2.4 at %.

Abstract: An Al—Mg-based or Al—Mg—Si-based or Al—Zn-based or Al—Si-based starting material in the form of a powder or wire for an additive manufacturing process, the use thereof, and an additive manufacturing process using this starting material are disclosed.

Abstract: A medical device at least partially formed of a metal alloy of at least about 99 wt. % of a solid solution of rhenium and tungsten and optionally molybdenum.

Abstract: Provided herein are techniques for making low-carbon steels with high surface hardness. A technique includes heating a low-carbon steel precursor material in a furnace to form molten steel material, increasing the free oxygen content of the molten steel material to a predetermined level, and then solidifying the molten steel material having the predetermined oxygen level to produce a steel structure by cooling the molten steel material at a predetermined cooling rate. The predetermined oxygen level and the predetermined cooling rate are effective to produce the low-carbon steel with a high surface hardness. The low-carbon steel may have inclusions smaller than about 1 ?m.

Abstract: A metal plate used for manufacturing a deposition mask has a thickness of equal to or less than 30 ?m. An average cross-sectional area of the crystals grains on a cross section of the metal plate is from 0.5 ?m2 to 50 ?m2. The average cross-sectional area of crystal grains is calculated by analyzing measurement results obtained by an EBSD method, the measuring results being analyzed by an area method under conditions where a portion with a difference in crystal orientation of 5 degrees or more is recognized as a crystal grain boundary.

Abstract: This invention relates to structures and processing imparting self-healing characteristics in Iron, Copper, Zinc, Magnesium, Nickel, Titanium, Gold, Silver and their alloys, and other materials including polymers and ceramics. The composite disclosed consists of a matrix with dispersed hollow macro, micro and nanotubes or balloons or fibers encapsulating a lower melting point or liquid healing material; self-healing results from flow of liquid “healing agent” into the crack. Another type of self-healing material is where the cracks are subjected to compressive stresses due to phase transformations in the matrix or reinforcement, including nano structure matrix and nanosize reinforcements. The compressive stresses could be due to shrinkage of shape memory material in the form of fibers, micro and nano size which deform, or reinforcements when expand upon reaction with atmosphere sealing the crack.

Abstract: Described herein are methods of processing heat treatable aluminum alloys using an accelerated aging step, along with aluminum alloy products prepared according to the methods. The methods of processing the heat treatable alloys described herein provide a more efficient method for producing aluminum alloy products having the desired strength and formability properties. For example, conventional methods of processing alloys can require 24 hours of aging. The methods described herein, however, substantially reduce the aging time, often requiring eight hours or less of aging time.

Abstract: A high-strength and high-toughness magnesium alloy includes a Mg—Al—Bi—Sb—Zn—Sr—Y—Mn alloy, prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 7.0 to 10.0% of Al, 0.2 to 2.0% of Bi, 0.2 to 0.8% of Sb, 0.2 to 0.5% of Zn, 0.1 to 0.5% of Sr, 0.03 to 0.3% of Y, 0.05 to 0.1% of Mn and a balance of Mg.

Abstract: A plastic wrought magnesium alloy includes a Mg—Al—Bi—Sn—Ca—Y alloy, prepared from the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 3 to 6.0% of Al, 1 to 3.0% of Bi, 0.5 to 2.0% of Sn, 0.02 to 0.05% of Ca, 0.02 to 0.05% of Y and the balance of Mg, in which the percentage sum of Ca and Y elements is more than 0.05% and less than 0.1%.

Abstract: A method of making a metallic alloy, more particularly, a high-entropy alloy with a composite structure that exhibits high strength and good ductility, and is used as a component material in electromagnetic, chemical, shipbuilding, machinery, and other applications, and in extreme environments, and the like.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for the controlled, independent modification of the surface of titanium-based materials and compositions generated thereby. The methods allow for the alteration of multiple surface characteristics including generation of precise nanostructures, morphology, crystallography and chemical composition for increased biocompatibility, for example, osseointegration, osseoconduction, cell adhesion, cell proliferation, mechanical properties (e.g. elasticity, modulus, surface texture, porosity), hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, steric hindrance, anti-inflammatory properties and/or anti-bacterial properties.