Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image forming device configured to form an image on a sheet, and a cabinet configured to house the image forming device. The image forming device includes a side plate in which an exhaust port is formed, and the cabinet includes an outer side plate facing the side plate of the image forming device, and a positioning part configured to position the image forming device in the cabinet, the positioning part configured to form a space between the side plate of the image forming device and the outer side plate of the cabinet.

Abstract: A printer includes a printer head, a sensor, and a processor. The printer head includes printing components. The sensor acquires data with respect to a distance by which the printer is moved in one of moving directions. The processor (i) adjusts a length of an image of a print subject so that the image of the print subject has a length two times a reference travel distance that is based on a distance acquired by the sensor, the distance acquired by the sensor being a distance by which the printer is moved from a starting position in a first moving direction, and (ii) controls the printer head in such a manner that, when the printer is moved in a second moving direction that is opposite to the first moving direction, the printer is made to print the adjusted image at the adjusted position of the image.

Abstract: A tape cassette that includes a housing having a front wall and a tape feed exit located on the front wall, a tape at least partially included within the housing and configured to be fed along a tape feed path extending to the tape feed exit, and tape type indicator apertures formed on the front wall of the housing. A combination of the tape type indicator apertures forms a pattern corresponding to a type of the tape at least partially included within the housing. The tape type indicator apertures include a first tape type indicator aperture and a second tape type indicator aperture, and the tape type indicator apertures are positioned such that the first tape type indicator aperture is not aligned with the second tape type indicator aperture in a direction orthogonal to the tape feed path and parallel to the front wall.

Abstract: In one or more embodiments, the present invention provides a method of applying or printing structural colors to a substrate that involves pre-treatment of the substrate surface to prevent absorption of the fluid containing the particles. This allows the fluid to maintain their sessile drop shapes and as the water evaporates, the colloidal particles spontaneously assemble within the confined geometry into semi-ordered structures that interact with light to produce structural color. While the pre-treatment may be done in a variety of ways, application of a, hydrophobic and/or oleophobic coating, like 1H-IH,2H-perfluoro-1-dodecene (C10F21—CH?CH2) (perfluoro) monomer, fluoroalkyls, fluorohydroalkyls, cyclo-fluoroalkyls, fluorobenzen, by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (cold plasma treatment) has been found to be effective, particularly for printing applications. These treated substrates allow production of a wide range of structural colors using binary systems of nanoparticles.

Abstract: An object is to provide a thermosensitive recording material and a laminate which are excellent in color development sensitivity, which cause less color development in a blank area even at a high temperature, which are also favorable in storage stability of a print area, and which are excellent in contrast between a blank area and a print area. A thermosensitive recording material in which a thermosensitive recording layer is provided on a support, wherein the thermosensitive recording layer contains a specific diphenylsulfone compound and an analog compound thereof at a specific ratio. A laminate in which a thermosensitive recording layer is provided on a support, wherein the thermosensitive recording layer contains a specific diphenylsulfone compound and an analog compound thereof at a specific ratio.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a preparation comprising a light stabilizer, its use for the production of a transfer medium, a process making the same, as well as a transfer medium and its use.

Abstract: A stapling apparatus including a holding portion that receives and holds a plurality of mediums, a first matching portion positioned downstream of the holding portion, a paddle that applies sending force to the mediums so that leading edge sides of the mediums reach the first matching portion, a stapler that binds the mediums, the leading edge sides of the mediums having been matched by the first matching portion, a folding mechanism portion that folds the mediums that have been bound by the stapler. In the stapling apparatus, the first matching portion is configured to move and is configured to transport the mediums to a performing position of the stapler and a performing position of the folding mechanism portion by moving, and a position where the paddle applies sending force to the mediums differs according to lengths of the mediums in a transport direction.

Abstract: A tab is provided for notebooks and binders. The tab is placed within the space otherwise occupied by a binding, and thus is protected from wear and does not appreciably increase the overall size of the notebook or binder. The tab may be located at a corner of the binding or at an intermediate point along the binding.

Abstract: A banknote comprising a substrate and a plurality of print layers printed by the same print process type printed onto the substrate, wherein at least one of the print layers is an indicia layer and at least one of the print layers is a tactile layer. Also, a method of producing a plurality of banknotes including: providing a substrate, in the form of a web, to a print press including a plurality of print units of the same print process type, wherein the web will pass through each of the plurality of print units, and at least part of the web is printed in a print run; printing a print layer on to the substrate at each of the plurality of print units, wherein at least one of the print layers is an indicia layer and at least one of the print layers is a tactile layer.

Abstract: A security document, including: a polymer substrate; at least one print layer disposed on one or both sides of the polymer substrate; and a security feature including an image area embodied within the polymer substrate and at least partially covered by the at least one print layer, wherein the security feature is an optical security feature formed in the image area.

Abstract: Rods for use in a filing system are disclosed. An example file folder rod includes a first end, a second end and an elongated body extending between the first end and the second end, the elongated body having a longitudinal axis. The example rod also includes a hook coupled to the first end of the rod. The example hook includes a longitudinal portion extending along the longitudinal axis, an elongated hook portion coupled to an end of the longitudinal portion with the elongated hook portion extending from the longitudinal portion a first distance, and a first extension extending from the longitudinal portion with the first extension extending from the longitudinal portion a second distance, the second distance less than the first distance.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a colorful board structure comprising a transparent substrate, an adhesive layer, a three-dimensional painted layer and a protective layer. The three-dimensional painted layer includes at least one colored layer and at least one transparent stacking layer including at least one raised part. The aforementioned colorful board structure is made of a multi-layer structure, and has the advantages of enhancing the stereoscopic effect of the pattern and the color expression. In addition, a manufacturing method of the colorful board structure is also disclosed.

Abstract: A gripping tool for adjustable wheel balancing clamping tool includes a gripping body and an adjustable-bolt-pattern-adaptor attachment mechanism. The gripping body that enables the user to grasp the clamping tool includes an outer annular body, an inner annular body, and a connector ring. The inner annular body is concentrically positioned within the outer annular body. The connector ring is perimetrically connected the outer annular body and the inner annular body. The connector ring is terminally positioned to a first outer edge of the outer annular body and a first inner edge of the inner annular body. The adjustable-bolt-pattern-adaptor attachment mechanism is connected to the outer annular body and the inner annular body thus securing the gripping body to the clamping tool.

Abstract: The invention at hand refers to a wheel disc brake assembly comprising a wheel rim, a coupler ring and an annular brake disc arranged in a concentric manner, wherein an outer surface of the coupler ring is connected to an inner surface of the wheel rim and an inner surface of the coupler ring is connected to an outer surface of the annular brake disc. The wheel disc brake assembly further comprises a caliper with at least two brake pads facing each other, wherein the caliper surrounds at least a part of the inner surface of the annular brake disc and the at least two brake pads are configured to press against opposite side faces of the annular brake disc.

Abstract: A fixing device for repairing an aluminum alloy wheel hub includes a base and universal wheels connected with the bottom of the base through support legs, wherein one side of the bottom plate is connected with air cylinders; the top of the bottom plate is connected with a fixing plate through a rotating shaft mounted rotationally; corresponding sides of vertical plates at the two sides of the fixing plate are each connected with a pressing plate through two sets of springs; adjusting bolts penetrate through the middles of the vertical plates; a first groove is formed in the middle of the fixing plate; two sets of guide rollers are rotationally mounted in the first groove; a top plate is fixedly mounted at the top of the bracket; a push plate is connected with the bottom of the top plate through a second hydraulic cylinder.

Abstract: An “L-shaped” bushing assembly having a retainer pin sleeve and axle sleeve. An “L-shaped” retainer pin is fitted to the retainer pin sleeve and provides a handle piece that projects through the walls of the bushing assembly and wheel that is maneuverable to retract and release the retainer pin and wheel from a grooved axle. The L-shaped retainer pin and bias spring are alternatively mounted in single and multi-channel slots to facilitate retainer pin mounting and/or containment of the retainer pin at a storage position. The retainer pin sleeve slots and/or a transverse open slot facilitate cooperation of a wheel removal tool with the retainer pin(s).

Abstract: A device for removing burrs from a back cavity of a wheel includes a lower lifting synchronous movement arrangement, an outer ring brush arrangement, an inner ring brush arrangement, a synchronous movement arrangement and an upper lifting drive arrangement. When the device is used, an upper cylinder drives four clamping blocks to clamp the wheel synchronously through an upper guide rail, an upper gear and upper racks; an upper cylinder drives the wheel to rise and separate from a roller bed through upper guide pillars and upper guide sleeves; an upper servo motor drives the clamped wheel to rotate through an upper rotating ring. The present invention can be used for not only polishing the burrs at the back cavity of the wheel, but also accurately adjusting the position of each brush according to the flange size and the back cavity diameter of the wheel.

Abstract: A removable spindle assembly improvement comprised of a spindle housing end unit having a threaded cavity. A corresponding threaded removable spindle is torqued into the threaded cavity. The spindle has a tapered section that includes O-rings for creating a seal along the corresponding section of the cavity to prevent corrosion which assists in the elimination of spindle seizure within the spindle housing end unit's cavity. The spindle assembly has an interlocking key assembly that assists in securing the spindle. The spindle housing end unit's housing includes a threaded aperture that cooperates with a sealed set screw for securing the spindle in place during operation. This assembly facilitates easy removal and replacement of a spindle on a spring axle.

Abstract: An airless tire includes an inner wheel including flanges having fin fastening holes, an outer wheel receiving the inner wheel and including a tread part molded into the outer surface of a drum with at least one of through holes and irregularities to be united with the drum, with the inner periphery of the tread part embedded in the through holes or irregularities, a middle wheel including elastomers, a peripheral part having fin fastening holes and formed on the inner periphery of the elastomers, and ribs in the middle of the elastomers, a fixing device attaching the inside of the outer wheel to the outside of the middle wheel and then detachably uniting the middle wheel and the outer wheel, and coupling fins that allow the inner wheel and the middle wheel to be detachably held together by being inserted through the fin fastening holes and the fin fastening holes.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire of the present disclosure comprises a resin-coated belt, a base ring that comes in contact with a tire widthwise outer end of the resin-coated belt is provided on a tire radial inside of the resin-coated belt, a tire widthwise inner end of the base ring is located on an inner side of the tire widthwise outer end of the resin-coated belt in a tire width direction, while a tire widthwise outer end of the base ring is located on an outer side of the tire widthwise outer end of the resin-coated belt in the tire width direction, and the resin-coated belt has a rigidity changing portion where a rigidity changes from the tire widthwise inner side toward outer side in a tire widthwise region from the tire widthwise inner end of the base ring to the tire widthwise outer end of the resin-coated belt.

Abstract: A reinforcement structure for a polymer ply includes a plurality of flat woven cords. Each flat woven cord has a width between 0.5 mm and 1.6 mm and a thickness between 0.2 mm and 0.8 mm thereby producing the reinforcement structure with an overall width between 25.0 mm and 26.0 mm. Each flat woven cord includes materials with melting points between 130° C. and 230° C.

Abstract: A tire comprises a buttress portion between a tread portion and a sidewall portion thereof, wherein a ridge line portion extending in a tire radial direction through at least one bending point on a surface of the buttress portion and a valley line portion extending parallel to the ridge line portion at a spacing from the ridge line portion in a tire circumferential direction and located inward from the surface of the buttress portion in a normal direction of the surface, the ridge line portion and the valley line portion alternately arranged in the tire circumferential direction, a total number of the ridge line portion and the valley line portion being three or more, and a slanting line portion connects the bending point of the ridge line portion and a bending point of the valley line portion on a same circumference, and an other slanting line portion connects the ridge line portion and the valley line portion in parallel with the slanting line portion at each of a position away from the slanting line portio

Abstract: A tire includes a tread formed with: circumferential grooves extending continuously in a tire circumferential direction; lateral grooves connecting the circumferential grooves in a tire axial direction; and blocks divided by the circumferential grooves and the lateral grooves. In the lateral groove, a groove bottom is raised to form a tie bar connecting the blocks in the tire circumferential direction. The tie bar is formed with a groove portion penetrating the tie bar in the tire axial direction. In a state where the tire is assembled to a regular rim, filled with a regular internal pressure, loaded with a regular load, and contacting a flat surface at a camber angle 0°, a side wall formed on the tie bar by the groove portion on one side in the tire circumferential direction does not contact a side wall on the other side in the tire circumferential direction.

Abstract: A tire noise reduction apparatus may include a housing mounted on an external circumferential surface of a wheel rim on which a tire is mounted, the housing having an internal space and being open at one side in a circumferential direction of the wheel rim, wherein the housing includes a neck at an opposite side which is opposite to the open one side; and a movable member inserted into the internal space of the housing through the open one side of the housing and having an internal space in fluidical communication with the internal space of the housing, the movable member being mounted to the housing to be movable in a direction in which the movable member is inserted into the internal space of the housing and in a direction in which the movable member is withdrawn out of the housing.

Abstract: An on-line wheel airtightness detecting device where a centering device centers a wheel above a roller bed, and a sixth cylinder causes arms to drive clamping jaws through a second gear, second racks, and fifth guide rails to clamp the wheel; a servo motor turns the wheel 90°; a fifth cylinder drives the wheel to a support roller through a fourth guide rail; a second cylinder drives the wheel through first guide pillars; a first cylinder drives the wheel through a first guide rail and flush with a right rubber disc; the hydraulic cylinder drives a left rubber disc through second guide pillars; a motor drives a hollow shaft and the wheel to rotate through a small pulley, a large pulley and a synchronous belt; and compressed air is charged into the hollow shaft, to detect air tightness.

Abstract: Method and apparatus are disclosed for controlling vehicle TPMS sensor localization. An example vehicle includes a plurality of tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) sensors, a communication module, and a controller. The controller is to detect an initiation event associated with the vehicle, and, in response to detecting the initiation event, determine whether first localization information is valid based on information associated with the TPMS sensors. The controller is also to initiate, via the communication module, a localization procedure at the TPMS sensors when the first localization information is not valid.

Abstract: An apparatus for monitoring a tire pressure includes a controller configured to determine whether vehicle state information and tire information satisfy a reference condition when a reset button of a tire pressure is operated, detect the tire pressure when the vehicle state information and the tire information satisfy the reference condition, and reset the tire pressure when the tire pressure is within a reference pressure range.

Abstract: Deformation of a surface, such as a pavement surface is measured using a rolling weight or wheel carrying one or more accelerometers positioned to measure the deformation occurring at a point on or near the perimeter of the wheel. The weight is rolled over the surface to be measured. The signals developed by the one or more accelerometers during a stationary cycloidal period of the point on the perimeter of the wheel are analysed to provide a measure of surface deformation based on the one or more signals.

Abstract: An assembly includes a bumper. The assembly further includes a base fixed relative to the bumper and a hook supported by the base. The hook is rotatable relative to the base between an extended position and a retracted position. The assembly further includes a spring between the base and the hook positioned to bias the hook from the retracted position to the extended position.

Abstract: A hitch pin assembly for attaching to a receiver hitch and coupling the receiver hitch to a hitch is disclosed. In some embodiments, the hitch pin assembly comprises a mounting assembly for mounting to the receiver hitch and a mounting bracket configured to attach to the mounting assembly and comprising a hitch pin hole for a hitch pin to slide therethrough. The hitch pin may be forced through the hitch pin hole, the receiver hitch, and the hitch by a spring mounted on the hitch pin and the mounting bracket.

Abstract: An operator, using the Laser Guide operating procedure, can accurately position the Guide vehicles to the hitch point of a vehicle, trailer or 5th wheel. The operator may choose to use the dual lasers (prior art), the Guide and lasers, or only the Guide. The Guide mechanism consists of a retractable tape to connect the vehicles, a dual light signaling device, a rolling stop switch, and a backup camera display or a panel. A one time initial setup with vehicles hitched, requires several minutes. The hitching procedure is user friendly. The accuracy of the Guide can be demonstrated by a working model.

Abstract: A vehicle hitching assistance system includes a controller identifying a trailer coupler within a specified area relative to the vehicle. The specified area is defined between a maximum distance and a minimum distance from a rear of the vehicle and within left and right lateral vehicle control limits. The controller also outputs a steering signal to the vehicle to cause the vehicle to steer to align a hitch ball of the vehicle with the coupler.

Abstract: A motorcycle trailer hitch leveling apparatus for leveling a motorcycle trailer hitch includes a pair of sides each having a lower section, an angled section, an upper section, an inner face, and an outer face. The inner face of the lower section of each side is a first distance apart equaling a second distance between the outer face of the upper section of each side. The first distance and the second distance substantially conform to a width of a trailer tongue. The lower section of each of the pair of sides is configured to selectively engage with the trailer tongue and the upper section of each of the pair of sides is configured to selectively engage with a standard ball coupler. A bridge piece is coupled between the upper section of each of the pair of sides.

Abstract: A coupling device includes a hitch yoke secured to a first road vehicle, and a drawbar secured to a second road vehicle. The coupling device also includes roll travel device in the drawbar for the roll travel of one vehicle relative to the other and a yaw travel device in the drawbar for the yaw travel of one vehicle relative to the other. It further includes a first pitch travel device provided such that it is secured to the hitch yoke for the pitch travel of the first road vehicle relative to the hitch yoke and a second pitch travel device in the drawbar for the pitch travel of the second road vehicle relative to the distal end of the drawbar, said second pitch travel device being separate from the first one.

Abstract: A cable system for a truck trailer with connectors having a main power connection, a ground connection, and one, two, or more communication cable connections. Connectors include at least a power and ground connection for electrically connecting an individual trailer to the cable system. A master control circuit may be included in the trailer nosebox, and the master control circuit configured to send commands to slave control circuits mounted within the connectors. The slave control circuits in the connectors are configured to receive a control command sent by the master control circuit that may include an address, mode identifiers, or other indications of which connectors in the cable system should take action, and what actions should be taken.

Abstract: An adapter for use with components of a truck trailer. The adapter may include multiple input terminals corresponding with multiple terminals of a trailer component socket of a trailer, and multiple output terminals configured to electrically connect with corresponding input terminals of a trailer component. The adapter may also include an adapter circuit configured to electrically connect at least four of the input terminals with at least four of the multiple output terminals. The multiple output terminals may include at least two mode selection output terminals configured to provide a mode selection to the trailer component, and the trailer component optionally includes control logic configured to activate and deactivate the trailer component according to the mode selection.

Abstract: A vehicle for towing and steering a trailer; the vehicle includes a chassis, a tow hitch interface, at least three wheels, an electric drive, and a handle. The tow hitch interface may be rigidly affixed to the chassis and may be able to interface with the tow hitch receiver of a trailer. The wheels may be rotatably attached to the chassis and may include at least one drive wheel which may be able to drive the vehicle and the trailer. The electric drive may be able to drive the at least one drive wheel along a drive-axis which is axial to the drive-wheel. The electric drive may include an electric motor, a power source, and a transmission. The handle may be mounted to the chassis and may be able to be used by a user to steer the vehicle.

Abstract: A multi-functional off-road vehicle has a frame which includes a left lateral frame member and a right lateral frame member. The two frame members are connected by a crossbar. Four wheel assemblies are connected to the frame. At least two of the wheel assemblies are continuous tracks. The crossbar includes a track width adjustment actuator which extends and contracts a length of the crossbar and thereby changes a track width of the vehicle.

Abstract: A suspension system for a work vehicle includes an axle bar, an inner control member, an outer control member, and a slide housing. The axle bar extends through the inner control member, the outer control member, and the slide housing. The axle bar is non-rotatably coupled to the slide housing and is configured to pivot with the slide housing and relative to the inner control member and the outer control member.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to improve the driving stability of a vehicle in which a double wishbone type or multi-link type suspension is adopted. A double wishbone type suspension has a sliding bearing disposed between a coil spring provided coaxially with a shock absorber and an upper support for mounting the coil spring to the body of the vehicle along with the shock absorber, the sliding bearing permitting the coil spring and the upper support to rotate relative to each other. The sliding bearing permits the coil spring and the upper support to rotate relative to each other with torque lower than torque generated by the torsion of the coil spring caused by the load of the vehicle acting on a damper assembly.

Abstract: A suspension device includes: a damping device that damps a force generated between a vehicle body and a wheel of a vehicle; a determination unit that determines whether the vehicle is jumping, using an acceleration of the vehicle in a front-rear direction, an acceleration of the vehicle in a left-right direction, and an acceleration of the vehicle in a vertical direction; and a damping force control unit that increases a damping force of the damping device so as to be greater than the damping force generated when the determination unit does not determine that the vehicle is jumping, when the determination unit determines that the vehicle is jumping.

Abstract: A suspension system includes a top mount, a bottom mount, a rigid housing, an air spring, and a linear actuator. The air spring transfers force of a first load path between the top mount and the bottom mount. The air spring includes a pressurized cavity containing pressurized gas that transfers the force of the first load path. The linear actuator transfers force of a second load path between the top mount and the bottom mount in parallel to the first load path. The rigid housing defines at least part of the pressurized cavity and transfers the force of the second load path.

Abstract: A controllable shock absorber, in particular for motor vehicles, comprising a valve device comprising a bridge circuit with four non-return valves which are connected crosswise in the forward direction, the connection of a first bridge branch with two non-return valves that are arranged opposite each other form a pressure chamber and the connection of the second bridge branch with two non-return valves arranged opposite each other form a low pressure chamber, a hydraulic main slide arranged between the low pressure chamber and the pressure chamber, a pilot chamber which is connected to the pressurised fluid line which is part of the upper working space (traction area) by means of a fifth non-return valve, and a pilot valve which connects the low pressure chamber to the pilot chamber, the pilot chamber being connected to the high-pressure chamber by means of a diaphragm.

Abstract: A suspension device includes: a suspension including a damping device which damps a force generated between a vehicle body and a wheel; and a damping force control unit that increases a damping force of the damping device so as to be greater than the damping force generated when an acceleration of change in a stroke amount is less than a predetermined value determined in advance, when the acceleration of the change in the stroke amount is equal to or greater than the predetermined value, in which the stroke amount is an amount of displacement from a reference position of the wheel with respect to the vehicle body in an extension direction of the suspension.

Abstract: A stabilizer link includes a support bar and a ball joint. The ball joint includes a ball stud having a ball portion and a stud portion. The stabilizer has two end portions, each of which includes an attachment portion for joining the stabilizer link. The attachment portion has a through hole, through which an elastic member provided at the stud portion is attached to the attachment portion. The elastic member includes a body portion and tab portions. The stud portion is joined to the attachment portion through the elastic member in such a manner that while the elastic member is attached to the through hole, the body portion abuts on an inner circumferential wall portion of the through hole and the tab portions are located to cover circumferential edge portions of the through hole.

Abstract: A vehicle air conditioning device comprises an instrument panel, a door that includes an overlapping portion where part of the door overlaps with the instrument panel in a closed state of the door, and a door blower outlet that opens toward a vehicle cabin interior, a first opening that is open toward the door, a second opening that is open toward the instrument panel, an air conditioning unit body, a first duct that that has a length direction end portion connected to the first opening, a second duct that has a length direction end portion connected to the door blower outlet, and a fin member respectively provided at the first opening and the second opening.

Abstract: A head-up display is applied for a moving body that includes a windshield, an air-conditioning unit having a blow-out opening, and a blow-out outlet. The head-up display includes a light source that emits display light and an optical path housing that defines therein an optical path for the display light. The display light reaches the windshield and the information is displayed on the windshield. The head-up display further includes an air-conditioning duct that defines an air flow path. The light source is exposed to the air flow path and radiates heat in the air flow path. The optical path housing and the air-conditioning duct commonly includes a separation wall that separates the air flow path and the optical path.

Abstract: A thermal management system for a vehicle may include a thermal management system for a vehicle, the thermal management system including: a cooling device which includes a radiator, electrical components, and at least one water pump which are connected through a coolant line, and circulates a coolant through the coolant line to supply the coolant to the electrical components and an oil cooler which is mounted on the coolant line and connected to a drive motor to cool the drive motor; and an HVAC module which has therein a heater connected to the coolant line through first and second connection lines to supply the coolant with a temperature which is increased as the coolant passes through the electrical components and the oil cooler in a heating mode of a vehicle.

Abstract: A vehicle thermal management system for significantly improving thermal management performance includes a first group including a battery, a second group including one or more power electronics (PE) components, a plurality of cooling lines in thermal communication with an air-cooled radiator, and a six-way valve. The six-way valve includes a housing having a plurality of inlets and a plurality of outlets, a valve member mounted to be rotatable in the housing, and an actuator driving the valve member. The housing has a plurality of passages allowing the plurality of inlets to selectively communicate with the plurality of outlets by rotation of the valve member. In addition, the plurality of passages include a plurality of inner passages formed in an interior space of the housing, and a plurality of outer passages formed in an exterior space of the housing.

Abstract: A vehicle cabin airflow forming device includes an airflow forming unit. The airflow forming unit is configured to form airflows circulating around seating space of a seat and form, as part of the airflows, an ascending airflow on one lateral side of the seating space, and a descending airflow on the other lateral side of the seating space. The seat is provided inside a vehicle cabin, and the airflows circulate around the seating space as viewed from a front side of the seat.