Abstract: A cargo sling and shelf for a vehicle includes a first rail positioned in an interior of a rear cargo space of the motor vehicle, the first rail having a plurality of slots; a second rail positioned on an opposite side of the interior of the rear cargo space, the second rail having a plurality of slots, the second rail being substantial parallel to the first rail; a first crossbar having a first end that engages with one of the plurality of slots of the first rail and a second end that engages with one of the plurality of slots of the second rail; a second crossbar having a first end that engages with one of the plurality of slots of the first rail and a second end that engages with one of the plurality of slots of the second rail; and a mesh having a first side that is attached to the first crossbar and a second side that is attached to the second crossbar. The mesh forms a shelf between the first crossbar and the second crossbar.

Abstract: A ladder rack system for accommodating at least two stacked ladders thereon is disclosed. The system may have a stationary forward roof rail and a stationary rear roof rail. Pivotable ladder rack rear and pivotable ladder rack forward rails may also be provided. The ladder rack rear and forward rails may be selectively moved with respect to the stationary forward and rear roof rails via links that are connected to a connector bar and lever arm.

Abstract: A holding mechanism prevents a device at a back side of a held object from being hidden by the object. Even if a large smartphone is held, clamping with a fixed clamping part and a movable clamping part prevents the fixed part from being moved, wherein a device located back of the smartphone and at the side of the fixed clamping part cannot be hidden by the smartphone. Due to the movable clamping part being movable farther from a rotation axis than the fixed clamping part, a middle portion of the smartphone in the clamping direction substantially coincides with the rotation axis when holding a smartphone with a specified width, wherein the smartphone cannot be easily moved in a Y- and Z-direction when rotating a holding part to change orientation, and also at the back side, a device located at the side of the clamp cannot be easily hidden.

Abstract: A camera for mounting on a vehicle includes a holder, a lens, and a polarizing film. The lens includes an optical lens body and an annular body. A part of the optical lens body is received in the holder and the other part of the optical lens body extends out of the holder. The annular body is disposed around an outer circumference of a portion of the optical lens body extending out of the holder. The polarizing film in the annular body faces the lens and weakens the effects of strong lights on images captured by the camera.

Abstract: A detection apparatus that includes a detection unit configured to detect a peripheral environment of a vehicle and a bracket configured to attach the detection unit to a vehicle body, wherein in a state in which the bracket is attached to the vehicle body with the detection unit, the detection unit includes, on a lower end portion, a connector portion configured to be able to output a detection signal indicating the peripheral environment, and the bracket includes a pair of supporting portions configured to support the detection unit from the lower side on both sides of the connector portion and a bridge portion arranged astride the pair of supporting portions so as not to interfere with the connector portion.

Abstract: A method for assembling a vehicular camera module includes providing an imager circuit board and a lens holder. The lens holder includes a lens holding portion and an attaching portion, with the lens holding portion accommodating a lens. The attaching portion of the lens holder includes pins that, when the attaching portion is located at the imager circuit board, are received at least partially through apertures of the imager circuit board. With the pins received at least partially through the apertures, the lens holder is laterally adjusted relative to the imager circuit board and the pins are soldered at the imager circuit board so as to attach the lens holder at the imager circuit board to form an imager assembly. The imager assembly is attached at a camera housing, and a processing circuit board is accommodated at the camera housing and electrically connected to the imager circuit board.

Abstract: A process for providing a vehicular camera and mounting the vehicular camera at a vehicle includes providing a vehicular camera having a camera-locking structure configured for engagement with a vehicle panel-locking structure at a vehicle panel of the vehicle at which the vehicular camera is to be mounted. The vehicular camera is mounted at the vehicle panel by inserting a portion of the vehicular camera through an aperture of the vehicle panel and inserting the camera-locking structure through corresponding portions of the aperture of the vehicle panel, and rotating the camera-locking structure to a locked position, whereby the camera-locking structure is engaged with the vehicle panel-locking structure. With the camera-locking structure engaged with the vehicle panel-locking structure, locking surfaces of the camera-locking structure engage respective locking surfaces of the vehicle panel-locking structure to limit axial movement of the vehicular camera relative to the vehicle panel.

Abstract: A trim panel is attached to an inboard surface of a door structure and includes an armrest and an armrest retaining structure. A portion of the trim panel defines an armrest opening with the armrest installed through the armrest opening. The armrest has an outboard portion with an outer peripheral flange that overlays a portion of an outboard surface of the trim panel. The armrest retaining structure is attached to the outboard surface of the trim panel at location adjacent to the armrest opening. The armrest retaining structure retains the armrest in position relative to the trim panel. The armrest retaining structure is further configured to release the armrest for movement in an outboard direction upon application of a predetermined first level of force to the armrest.

Abstract: The present invention provides a weather strip which can be easily attached to a grille of an automobile without the need of a clip. The weather strip is a weather strip which seals a gap between a grille and a hood of an automobile and includes (i) an attachment wall to be attached to the grille, (ii) a sealing wall which comes in elastic contact with the hood, and (iii) an insertion section to be inserted into a through hole. The insertion section includes a rear locking portion and a front locking portion which are locked in the through hole.

Abstract: A structural element of a motor vehicle has a cavity and an elongate insulating element arranged in the cavity and is formed such that a longitudinal axis of the insulating element is oriented substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the cavity and the insulating element comprises an expandable material, which is arranged and/or configured in such a way that the insulating element fills the cavity completely along the entire length of the insulating element when the expandable material is in the expanded state.

Abstract: A garment and tether system is presented. The system includes a garment and tether. The garment includes: a garment body, and at least one electrical element connected to the garment body. The tether includes: a first end and a second end, at least one electrical conductor operatively connected between the first and second ends, and an electrical contact at the second end. The tether is connected to the garment at the first end, the second end being removably connectable to a base disposed on a vehicle. The base is adapted to provide power to the at least one electrical conductor of the tether via the electrical contact. The at least one electrical element is provided power from the vehicle via the tether.

Abstract: A wire harness includes a sheet material, an electrical wire, and a holding part. The electrical wire includes a core wire and an insulating covering which directly covers a periphery of the core wire and is disposed along the sheet material. The holding part, at least a part of which intervenes between the electrical wire and the sheet material, mediates a bonding between the sheet material and the electrical wire by welding.

Abstract: This on-vehicle communication apparatus is configured to communicate with another on-vehicle communication apparatus by using one differential signal line, and includes: a high-band communication unit configured to generate a high-band signal including communication information and output the high-band signal to the differential signal line; and a low-band communication unit configured to generate a direct-current signal or a low-band signal and to output the direct-current signal or the low-band signal to the differential signal line.

Abstract: A system for collecting and distributing meteorological data is disclosed the system comprising at least two mobile meteorological stations (MMS) and each of the stations comprising at least a controller, a sensors unit that comprises one or more sensors such as temperature sensor, humidity sensor, air pressure sensor, wind speed and/or wind direction sensor, a location sensor unit and a communication unit configured to enable communication with at least one other MMS. The controller may be configured to receive meteorological data from the sensors unit and location data from the location sensor unit and to send a meteorological data and location data to the at least one other MMS.

Abstract: An insertion coupling structure includes a base portion that is in contact with a surface on one side in a thickness direction of a coupling member, a clamping portion that faces a surface on the other side of the coupling member, a rigid supporting portion that is provided to the clamping portion in a rib-like shape along an insertion direction that intersects the thickness direction of the coupling member and in which the coupling member is inserted, and is in contact with the surface on the other side of the coupling member, and an elastic supporting portion that has rigidity lower than the rigidity of the rigid supporting portion.

Abstract: A wiring module includes: a common power supply line whose one end is electrically connected to a power source; and a power supply branch part provided halfway through the common power supply line, wherein the power supply branch part includes at least one group of a power supply branch line branched halfway through the common power supply line and an overcurrent blocking part provided in the power supply branch line to enter a non-continuity state when current exceeding allowable current flows in the power supply branch line. A wiring module is a wiring module disposed along a fixing target member, and includes: a power supply flat wiring body disposed along a surface of a fixing target member; and a ground flat wiring body disposed along a surface of the power supply flat wiring body on an opposite side from the fixing target member.

Abstract: An on-vehicle power supply circuit includes a first inner power supply unit that supplies power to a control unit based on power supplied from a first power storage unit, a second inner power supply unit that supplies power to the control unit based on power supplied from a second power storage unit, and an operation voltage adjustment unit. The operation voltage adjustment unit outputs an operation voltage to the control unit based on power from the second inner power supply unit when power supply from the second inner power supply unit is in a normal state, and outputs an operation voltage to the control unit based on power from the first inner power supply unit when power supply from the second inner power supply unit is not in a normal state.

Abstract: An in-vehicle system includes a power supply box provided in a vehicle, and having a plurality of device connectors and a controller that supplies, to the plurality of device connectors, power received from a power supply, and a switch that switches between a cut off and a permission of power supplied to the plurality of device connectors in the power supply box. When power supplied to the device connectors is permitted by the switch, the controller performs a connection target validation process of identifying a type of a connection target device connected to each of the device connectors and a position of the device connector to which the connection target device is connected.

Abstract: System, methods, and other embodiments described herein relate to automatically adjusting a climate of a vehicle based on detecting the type of clothing a vehicle occupant is wearing. In one embodiment, the method includes, in response to acquiring an identifier from a reader, where the identifier being associated with a tag affixed to a wearable article in proximity of the reader, determining a type of the wearable article based on the identifier. The method includes controlling a climate control system based at least in part on the type of the wearable article.

Abstract: A vehicle includes: a bumper beam; an electronic sensor that is fixed in relation to the bumper beam; and an energy absorber that is connected to the bumper beam in general alignment with the electronic sensor. The energy absorber is configured and positioned to protect the electronic sensor and reduce dislocation of the electronic sensor by absorbing energy resulting from a low-force impact between the vehicle and an external object (e.g., another vehicle). The energy absorber may be provided in the front and/or rear-ends of the vehicle, and, in certain embodiments, may be connected to an end face of the bumper beam (e.g., to a front face or a rear face of the bumper beam) such that the energy absorber is positioned outwardly (e.g., forwardly or rearwardly) of the electronic sensor along a length of the vehicle.

Abstract: A vehicle is configured to transport a passenger through autonomous travel. The vehicle includes an in-vehicle camera configured to image the passenger to generate an image, a camera controller configured to control the in-vehicle camera, and a passenger information detection unit configured to detect information about the passenger. The passenger information detection unit measures the number of passengers and the camera controller stops an operation of the in-vehicle camera in a case where the number of passengers is one.

Abstract: An airbag module assembly for mounting to a steering wheel assembly has an airbag, a housing and a visual display unit. The housing has a chamber for stowing the airbag. The housing has an attachment for rigidly fixing to a steering wheel and a forward-facing opening of the chamber for receiving the airbag. The cover encloses the housing and stowed airbag. The housing is fixed to the steering wheel offset and positioned removed from a center region of the steering wheel spaced from a rim of the steering wheel. The airbag module is configured upon deployment to have the inflated airbag project outward over the rim toward an occupant.

Abstract: A vehicle interior panel includes a seal between a substrate and an airbag chute and around an opening in the substrate through which the airbag chute is installed. The seal prevents a foam layer from extending into the opening when the foam layer is being molded. The seal is attached to the airbag chute prior to assembly with the substrate and is made from a material that is more flexible than the airbag chute material. The seal can be attached to the airbag chute in a two-shot molding process and spaced from the perimeter of the airbag chute along its back side. During molding of the foam layer, foam expansion pressure acts to improve the function of the seal as a foam barrier.

Abstract: An assembly includes a front console. The assembly includes a body having a reaction surface and supported by the front console. The assembly includes an actuator connected to the body, the body movable by the actuator to a deployed position. The assembly includes an airbag supported by the front console and inflatable to an inflated position that abuts the reaction surface. The assembly includes an inflator connected to the airbag.

Abstract: A seat assembly includes a seat frame and a seat cushion coupled to the seat frame. The seat frame includes a seatback frame, a base frame coupled to the seatback frame, a first armrest frame coupled to the seatback frame, and a second armrest frame coupled to the seatback frame. The seat cushion covers the seat frame and is spaced apart from the seat frame to define a cavity therebetween. The seat assembly further includes an airbag coupled between the seat frame and the seat cushion. The airbag has a stowed position and a deployed position. In the stowed position, the airbag is disposed in the cavity between the seat frame and the seat cushion. In the deployed position, the airbag is partly disposed outside the cavity between the seat frame and the seat cushion to absorb energy.

Abstract: A vehicle that includes a vehicle body structure and a deployable energy absorbing device. The vehicle body structure defines a vehicle longitudinal direction and has an opening along a lateral exterior side thereof. The opening exposes a hollow interior of the vehicle body structure. The vehicle body structure has a structural member that extends parallel to the vehicle longitudinal direction within the hollow interior inboard of the opening. The deployable energy absorbing device has a deployable member, the deployable energy absorbing device being supported to the structural member of the vehicle body structure within the hollow interior. The deployable energy absorbing device is concealed within the hollow interior in the stowed orientation. The deployable member extends laterally outward perpendicular to the vehicle longitudinal direction and away from the structural member and a lateral exterior side of the vehicle body structure in a deployed orientation.

Abstract: A restraint system includes a side curtain airbag and a tether. The side curtain airbag includes an outboard side and an inboard side, and the inboard side including a protrusion. The tether includes a central seam, a first extension attached at the outboard side, a second extension attached at the inboard side above the protrusion, and a third extension attached at the inboard side below the protrusion. The extensions are attached to each other at the central seam.

Abstract: According to an embodiment of the present invention, provided is a closing structure of a pressure-resistant container in which an opening of a metallic cylindrical container is closed by a metallic closing member, the closing member including a closing part, the closing part including a first surface, a second surface on an opposite side to the first surface in a thickness direction, and a circumferential surface part between the first surface and the second surface, and having a same shape as that of the opening and having a size enabling insertion thereof into the opening.

Abstract: A gas generator including an igniter, a combustion chamber, and a restriction part, the igniter including an accommodating chamber accommodating an explosive therein, an ignition portion provided in the accommodating chamber, and a separating part including a pressure receiving surface, the separating part being configured to be separable from the igniter and movable in a predetermined direction, the combustion chamber being configured to burn a gas generating agent filled outside the accommodating chamber, by the combustion of the explosive, the restriction part provided in a predetermined position in the predetermined direction from the igniter and restricting a movement of the separating part, and the separating part including a guide that directs the combustion product of the explosive by the pressure receiving surface toward the igniter, in a state where the movement of the separating part in the predetermined direction is restricted by the restriction part.

Abstract: A Seat Belt Release device for vehicles that is a backup and redundant release. It doubles the chance of release from a seatbelt system in an emergency situation. The release device includes an alert tab on a pull ring that is configured and holds the standard receiver with an extension strap. The receiver engages the tongue of a seat belt and subsequently the electrical switch that deactivates the no-seat-belt warning buzzer. The system provides a secondary backup to the traditional push only release and enables a person in an emergency to pull a pin and quickly release the safety seat belt to allow a driver or passengers to exit the vehicle and save lives.

Abstract: A webbing retractor including: a take-up shaft that can take-up a webbing that is applied to a passenger, that takes-up the webbing by being rotated in a take-up direction, and that is rotated in a pull-out direction due to the webbing being pulled-out; a restricting member that, by being operated, restricts rotation of the take-up shaft in the pull-out direction; a driving portion that, by being electrically driven, changes an operating state of the restricting member; and a control section that acquires an acceleration of any of the webbing, the passenger or a vehicle, that computes jerk related to the acceleration, and that controls the driving portion such that the restricting member operates in a case in which the acceleration exceeds a first threshold value and the jerk exceeds a second threshold value.

Abstract: A belt guide system of a vehicle guides a restraining belt between an automatic belt mechanism and a passenger area in which the restraining belt can be placed onto an occupant of the vehicle. The belt guide system includes a belt slide on which the restraining belt bears at least in part. The belt slide has a deflection region on which the restraining belt is guided to change the angle. A friction-reducing element, by which the friction of the restraining belt is reduced on the deflection region relative to the rest of the restraining belt, is provided on the deflection region.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an apparatus for detecting a passenger and wearing seat belt based on an image, which includes an image detector configured to detect an image of an interior of a vehicle, which is captured using a camera, a controller configured to analyze the image of the interior of the vehicle, which is captured through the image detector, and determine whether a passenger is present and whether the passenger wears a seat belt, and an information output part configured to output a warning or an alarm according to discrimination of the passenger from an object, which is determined by the controller, the presence or absence of the passenger, and whether the passenger wears the seat belt.

Abstract: A radar-based occupancy detection system that includes a seatbelt buckle disposed adjacent a seat of a vehicle and a radar module disposed within the seatbelt buckle, the radar module including an antenna, a radio frequency (RF) transmitter, a RF receiver, and a processor, the antenna configured to broadcast a RF signal generated by the RF transmitter toward the seat, the processor configured to derive signal information from output received from the receiver and to characterize occupancy of the seat based on the signal information.

Abstract: A vehicle monitoring system for monitoring and providing real-time notification and vehicle-related information to a remotely located user is presented. A vehicle monitoring system can comprise a camera of a vehicle configured to capture video, a transceiver for wireless connectivity, a position sensor, and an onboard device. The onboard device, having a processor and a memory, can be configured to monitor position data from the position sensor, determine whether the position data exceeds a predetermined threshold, and generate a notification report when the position sensor data exceeds the predetermined threshold. The transceiver can be configured to transmit the notification report to a third-party device of a third-party. The vehicle monitoring system enables the user to receive timely and relevant information related to possible vehicle theft or unauthorized use of the vehicle.

Abstract: A lock communication system may include a server and a lock controller disposed on a shared bicycle. The lock controller may include a main control module and a network module. The main control module may control a periodic heartbeat of the network module and maintain a constant connection between the network module and the server. The lock controller may further include a power supply and a short message module which are connected to the main control module. The main control module may obtain electricity from the power supply, and enter a power saving mode when the electricity quantity left in the power supply is lower than a preset threshold, or otherwise enter a normal mode.

Abstract: A system includes a processor configured to detect a vehicle key and display a key identification on a vehicle display. The processor is also configured to receive a request to export vehicle system and state settings to a key memory. The processor is further configured to access a plurality of predefined settings, designated as key-storable settings, from a vehicle CAN bus, responsive to the request, and transmit the predefined settings to the key, including instructions to store the settings to the key memory.

Abstract: A vehicle card-type smart key that it includes a tact switch; and a touch input unit for sensing a touch from a user; and a control unit which performs an action related to the button input only when both a button input from said tact switch and a touch input from the touch input unit exist.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating a central locking apparatus of a motor vehicle, which is locked by a central locking system of the central locking apparatus as a result of driving above a minimum speed threshold, and is then decelerated to below the minimum speed, wherein in order to subsequently unlock the central locking system, an instantaneous geoposition (GP) emitted from a portable mobile terminal, is first received by means of a detection device of the central locking apparatus. The emitted instantaneous geoposition (GP) of the portable mobile terminal is subsequently evaluated by means of a control device of the central locking apparatus, wherein when evaluating the instantaneous geoposition (GP), the control device checks whether the emitted instantaneous geoposition (GP) is within a delimited, predetermined region, which is stored in the control device.

Abstract: Provided is a vehicle including: a communication unit configured to communicate with a user terminal; and a control unit configured to, upon receiving a response signal including terminal information of the user terminal from the user terminal, determine an authentication allowed time for authenticating the user terminal on the basis of the terminal information, generate user information including the terminal information and the authentication allowed time corresponding to the terminal information, and authenticate the user terminal on the basis of the generated user information.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for controlling a vehicle are provided according to embodiments of the disclosure. The method includes: determining a distance between a user and the vehicle; acquiring a face image of the user in response to determining that the distance is smaller than or equal to a preset threshold; determining user information of the user based on the face image; and sending an unlocking instruction to the vehicle, in response to determining that the user information satisfies a preset condition. According to the embodiments, a vehicle may be unlocked using face recognition technology, which does not require additional operations by the user, simplifying the unlocking steps of a shared vehicle.

Abstract: The invention at hand refers to a wheel drum brake assembly comprising a wheel rim and an annular brake ring with intermediate bridges, wherein the wheel rim and the annular brake ring are arranged in a concentric manner and the annular brake ring is connected to the wheel rim by the intermediate bridges such as to let air circulate between the inner surface of the wheel rim and the outer surface of the annular brake ring with a normal vector pointing in a radial direction of the annular brake ring. The wheel drum brake assembly also comprises a drum brake caliper with at least one brake shoe, wherein the caliper and the at least one brake shoe are arranged at the inner circumference of the annular brake ring.

Abstract: An exemplary method for controlling a vehicle includes receiving, by a vehicle controller, sensor data representing a first operating condition of the vehicle from at least one sensor, determining, by the vehicle controller, a temperature of a vehicle braking system of the vehicle, determining, by the vehicle controller, if the temperature of the vehicle braking system exceeds a temperature threshold, and if the temperature of the vehicle braking system exceeds the temperature threshold, generating, by the vehicle controller, a control signal to move a moveable underbody feature from a first position to a second position.

Abstract: A brake operating device in which an operation of a brake pedal can be detected easily by a simple structure is provided. The brake operating device 1 comprises: a pusher 19, 20 connected to a brake pedal 2; a hydraulic system 5 in which fluid is held between the pusher 19, 20 and a pushing element 27 to transmit a thrust force of the pusher 19, 20 to the pushing element 27; a first elastic mechanism 23a, 23b that establishes an elastic force to isolate the pusher 19, 20 away from the pushing element 27; a cylinder 18 holding the pusher 19, 20 while restricting a withdrawal limit of the pusher 19, 20 in a direction away from the pushing element 27; and a second elastic mechanism 37 that is arranged at a position to push the cylinder 18, and that establishes an elastic force against the elastic force in the direction to isolate the pusher 19, 20 away from the pushing element 27.

Abstract: Breakaway detection and alerting is described for the breakaway of a towed vehicle. In one example, a system includes a breakaway detector attached to a towed vehicle to detect when a distance to a tow vehicle has exceeded a predetermined distance and to generate a breakaway detection signal and a wireless interface coupled to the detector to receive the breakaway detection signal and to transmit a wireless breakaway alert signal in response thereto.

Abstract: A method for actuating a parking brake system of a vehicle with at least three brake calipers associated with one or more axles of the vehicle is described. The method may include the following steps: providing at least one detection device for detecting the vehicle status, acquiring a value of the vehicle status with the detection device, comparing the detected value with a reference value of the vehicle status, and actuating two brake calipers of the at least three brake calipers if the detected value is lower than the reference value or actuating all the at least three brake calipers if the detected value is equal to or greater than the reference value.

Abstract: A method for learning braking step threshold values of a sustained-action brake includes detecting a braking requirement setpoint, controlling the sustained-action brake with the braking requirement setpoint to generate a braking effect variable of the sustained-action brake, and detecting a sustained-action brake actual braking effect variable and a maximum sustained-action brake braking effect. The method additionally includes forming a braking effect variable coefficient that characterizes a ratio of the sustained-action brake actual braking effect variable and the maximum sustained-action brake braking effect variable that results from control of the sustained-action brake with the braking requirement setpoint, and assigning the braking effect variable coefficient to a braking step of the sustained-action brake such that each braking step is assigned only one braking effect variable.

Abstract: A method for determining the overall-deceleration values is attainable by actuation of wheel brakes, of a utility vehicle or of a vehicle combination with several axles. For the purpose of implementing a deceleration request in the course of partial brake applications, a braking-force distribution with braking forces distributed unequally to brake units with the wheel brakes of one or more axles is undertaken. In each instance one of the brake units is selected and a larger braking force is imposed via this selected brake unit than via the other brake units. A current deceleration of the utility vehicle or of the vehicle combination is measured or ascertained and is assigned as partial-deceleration value to the respectively selected brake unit and stored and the attainable overall-deceleration values are determined as the sum of the partial-deceleration values of all the brake units.

Abstract: A braking control device drives an electric motor based on a command pressing force corresponding to the required wheel braking force, and presses a friction member against a rotation member fixed to the wheel to generate a wheel braking force. The braking control device includes: a sensor for detecting wheel speed; a sensor for detecting the actual pressing force applied by the friction member; and a controller for calculating the target pressing force based on the command pressing force, and controlling the motor so that the target and actual pressing forces match. The controller calculates wheel slip state quantity based on the wheel speed, and executes, based on the slip state quantity, slip suppression control for reducing the degree of wheel slippage. Based on the actual pressing force at the start of the slip suppression control, the controller reduces the command pressing force and calculates the target pressing force.

Abstract: A vehicle control ECU determines a road surface ? state of a forward road of a vehicle based on a front image. The vehicle control ECU changes, in accordance with a determined result, a split determination threshold value which is used to determine whether to perform a vehicle behavior stabilization control for stabilizing a behavior of the vehicle.