Abstract: A system for detecting aircraft brake failure using retract braking may comprise a landing gear including a wheel, a brake coupled to the wheel, and a wheel sensor coupled to the wheel. A brake controller may be coupled to the brake and the wheel sensor. The brake controller may be configured to receive a begin retract braking signal, command the brake to apply a braking force to the wheel, calculate a wheel speed characteristic using data from the wheel sensor, and determine whether the wheel speed characteristic indicates a failure of the brake.

Abstract: An electrohydraulic vehicle braking system is provided, comprising an electrically controllable first hydraulic pressure generator and an electrically controllable second hydraulic pressure generator. The braking system further comprises a first valve device for each wheel brake, having at least one first valve, wherein in an electrically uncontrolled state the first valve device separates its associated wheel brake from an output of the first hydraulic pressure generator, and in an electrically controlled state connects it to the output of the first hydraulic pressure generator. In addition, a second valve device for each wheel brake is provided, having a second valve between an output of the second hydraulic pressure generator and its associated wheel brake, as well as a third valve between this wheel brake and a first hydraulic fluid reservoir. The first valve device and the second valve device are arranged in parallel to one another.

Abstract: A brake system may include an actuation device, in particular a brake pedal; a first piston-cylinder unit with two pistons, in particular an auxiliary piston and a second piston, in order to supply brake circuits with a pressure medium via a valve device, wherein one of the pistons, in particular the auxiliary piston, can be actuated by means of the actuation device; a second piston-cylinder unit comprising an electric motor-powered drive, a transmission, and at least one piston in order to supply pressure medium to at least one of the brake circuits via a valve device; and a motor pump unit with a valve device in order to supply pressure medium to the brake circuits. The brake system may further include a hydraulic travel simulator which is connected to a pressure or working chamber of the first piston-cylinder unit.

Abstract: A vacuum pump for automobiles used for brake application is provided wherein a method of reducing power consumption and running torque in a vacuum pump of a motor vehicle is explained. The present invention also provides a vacuum pump for automobiles comprising an actuator, a new vane locking assembly, a new vane and rotor assembly, a new non return valve assembly, the controlled oil supply means and a reed stopper assembly that reduces power loss and unnecessary frictional forces and to maintain a controlled oil supply to the vacuum pump.

Abstract: An electrohydraulic brake system of an off-road vehicle includes a first hydraulic brake circuit for a first vehicle axle; a second hydraulic brake circuit for at least one second vehicle axle; a respective wheel brake for each vehicle wheel per vehicle axle; an electronic control unit having a brake force distribution function; a brake signal generator; at least one central brake force distribution valve per brake circuit, a signal input of the control unit for registering a braking signal of the brake signal generator; and at least one signal output of the control unit per brake force distribution valve. A brake pressure for applying a hydraulic pressure fluid to the brake cylinders of the wheel brakes on the respective vehicle axles can be fed to the respective brake circuit by the control unit in conjunction with the central brake force distribution valve and the brake signal generator.

Abstract: An electric brake booster includes: a first pressure device, which generates brake fluid pressure via manipulation of a brake pedal; a second pressure device, which is connected to the first pressure device through a flow path at one side of the second pressure device, receives brake fluid pressure from the first pressure device, and receives driving power of a motor connected to another side of the second pressure device; a sensing unit mounted in the motor and measuring a displacement of the brake pedal and a rotation angle of the motor; and a buffer device connected to the second pressure device and preventing an increase in pressure of the brake pedal when the motor does not operate, in which motor rotation is controlled with a displacement of the brake pedal.

Abstract: A method for engaging a parking lock of a motor vehicle having a service brake and a parking brake, in which the parking lock is engaged, while by means of a braking device of the motor vehicle, the rolling away of the motor vehicle is at least restricted, wherein as the braking device, an additionally provided braking device of the motor vehicle, different from the service brake and from the parking brake, is used.

Abstract: An electric-parking-brake for a utility-vehicle, including: a feed-line for brake-pressure air; a discharge-line for brake-pressure air for a pneumatic-brake-device; a first-valve and a second-valve, each being switchable between a stable-state and an activated-state in response to electrical control-signals; and a valve-device which is connected between the feed-line and the discharge-line and exhibits a control-input, the valve device being switchable between a stable-state and an activated-state in response to control signals at the control-input, the feed-line being connected to the discharge-line in the activated-state, in which the first-valve in the stable-state or in the activated-state connects the control-input of the valve-device to the discharge-line, to retain a current-state of the valve-device when the brake-pressure air is applied to the discharge-line, and in the activated or stable state connects the control-input to the second-valve.

Abstract: To avoid an exceedance of a permissible maximum pressure in a hydraulic vehicle power braking system including anti-slip regulation, continuous valves are to be utilized as inlet valves of wheel brakes of the vehicle braking system, and the inlet valve of a wheel brake, whose outlet valve will be opened or is open in order to regulate the wheel brake pressure, is to be partially closed, so that this inlet valve acts as a throttle and limits a brake pressure in the vehicle braking system.

Abstract: A method of controlling vacuum pressure for vehicle braking may include checking whether a vehicle is idle or enters a deceleration state, comparing an engine vacuum pressure and a booster vacuum pressure of the vehicle with a preset reference value, checking whether a valve control system of the vehicle is operable when the engine vacuum pressure and the booster vacuum pressure are lower less than the preset reference value, controlling the valve control system when the valve control system is operable; and controlling an air conditioner (A/C) or an alternator of the vehicle when the valve control system is inoperable.

Abstract: A cuboidal hydraulic block of a hydraulic power unit of a slip-controlled power vehicle braking system includes a power cylinder borehole, a receptacle for a pedal travel simulator in parallel to the power cylinder borehole, perpendicularly through two large sides of the hydraulic block, and perpendicularly to a master brake cylinder borehole. The master brake cylinder borehole extends, in parallel to an upper transverse side, from one longitudinal side of the hydraulic block to an opposite longitudinal side of the hydraulic block. In an intended installation and usage position, an electrical plug connection is situated beneath a lower transverse side of the hydraulic block.

Abstract: A system for determining brake failure is disclosed. In various embodiments, the system includes a plurality of brake mechanisms; a plurality of sensors connected among the plurality of brake mechanisms and configured to provide temperature data corresponding to each of the plurality of brake mechanisms to a processor; and an output device configured to provide an alert upon a determination by the processor that one or more of the plurality of brake mechanisms is operating at an abnormally cold temperature.

Abstract: A device and related methods for remotely engaging a brake pedal of a vehicle, and/or engaging the steering wheel of the vehicle to arrest movement thereof, in order to perform a repair or maintenance process on the vehicle. The device allows a single user to remotely control an adjustable support which extends to fit between the steering wheel and brake pedal of the vehicle, with an actuation system operable to depress and release the brake pedal while the user is positioned at a position outside the vehicle to affect maintenance or repair. The device can be used for remotely depressing a brake pedal of a vehicle in order to bleed the hydraulic brake system, check the brake light function, flushing the brake fluid, air brake diagnoses to check for air leaks and function, repair a component of the brake system (e.g., pads, rotors, cylinders, etc.) or suspension system, change or rotate a tire, adjust the alignment, or any other process which involves removing a wheel, or putting the vehicle up on jacks.

Abstract: A method and system for distributed power generation is provided. The method includes determining an operational cycle for the system; determining an average energy requirement of the system based on the operational cycle; configuring a plurality of energy sources each corresponding to the load device to produce a peak efficiency corresponding to the average energy requirement of the system; and coupling the energy source to provide energy to the load device.

Abstract: A hybrid vehicle may include an engine controller that determines an activation state of an oxygen sensor when the engine controller is requested to operate an engine and controls a voltage applied to the oxygen sensor depending on whether or not the oxygen sensor is in an activated state, and a vehicle controller that controls a voltage of a battery of the hybrid vehicle and applies the voltage of the battery to the engine controller. The engine controller outputs an activation demand signal for the oxygen sensor to be activated to the vehicle controller when it is determined that the oxygen sensor is not in the activated state.

Abstract: A control device of a vehicle comprises a vehicle control part 61 configured to use a probability distribution of at least one predetermined parameter to calculate an expected value of each of at least one evaluation value and control the vehicle 1 based on the expected value.

Abstract: A first, and second twin AC inverters for a hybrid vehicle, whereby, the first and second inverters having a first, and second twin AC hard wire terminal blocks, a cool-down C-D process, and a conventional Engine Control Unit computerized remote-control drive system, whereby, being capable of activating the twin AC terminal blocks for Freeway speed, hills, faster acceleration, and a hybrid vehicle momentum regenerative braking kinetic energy process for: charging a battery-pack, and multiple batteries. The computer being capable of activating the first terminal block, when the cool-down process is to end, and deactivating the second terminal block, when the cool-down process is to begin. The Computer is capable of activating the first, or second terminal blocks, whereby, for operating in conjunction with one another for the Freeway speed for charging the battery-pack, including multiple batteries with respect to the above modification.

Abstract: A hybrid vehicle and a control method are provided. The method of controlling a hybrid vehicle including a motor, an engine, and an engine clutch disposed between the motor and the engine includes determining whether to enter a first mode in which both the engine and the motor operate without engagement of the engine clutch, based on at least a first condition related to an accelerator pedal and a second condition related to a required torque condition, determining torque of the motor in consideration of at least required torque upon determining entry into the first mode, and determining an operating point of the engine based on engine generation power to be supplied to the motor with power of the engine.

Abstract: Provided is a hybrid vehicle control system, the hybrid vehicle control system including: a differential mechanism; an engine; a first motor; a driving wheel; a second motor; an engaging mechanism; a selector that selects neutral in which torque transmission from the engine to the driving wheel through the differential mechanism is interrupted; and an electronic control unit. The electronic control unit is configured to set either mechanical neutral or electrical neutral when the neutral is selected, and to set the mechanical neutral when the neutral is selected while the speed of the engine is equal to or lower than a predetermined speed.

Abstract: A hybrid drive device has an internal combustion engine, a clutch transmission which has at least one free partial transmission and a partial transmission connected to an electric machine with in each case a clutch, and at least one electric machine. In order to start the internal combustion engine, pulse energy is provided from an inertia of the clutch associated with the free partial transmission and/or a rotation in the free partial transmission.

Abstract: A method for reactivation of an electrical system of a vehicle comprising a first electrical system operating at a first lower voltage and a second electrical system operating at a second higher voltage, comprising: detecting a fault or a crash situation in the second electrical system; disconnecting a power source of the second electrical system; determining the fault of the second electrical system is no longer present or that the crash situation is resolved; reconnecting the power source to the second electrical system and increasing the voltage of the second electrical system from zero to an intermediate voltage lower than the second voltage; and if a detected current in the second electrical system is higher than a current threshold value; or if a detected voltage of the first electrical system is higher than a voltage threshold value; reducing the voltage of the second electrical system to zero.

Abstract: A system for preventing rolling-over of vehicles is disclosed: The system may include: at least one camera attached to a portion of the vehicle such that images capture by the camera include a portion of the vehicle and a portion of a surrounding area; a communication module; and a controller configured to: receive from the camera, via the communication module, at least one image; receive data related to the parameters of the vehicle; calculate a relative position between the vehicle and a ground based on the received at least one image; calculate a location of the vehicle's center of gravity based on the received at least one image and the data related to the parameters of the vehicle; and determine a probability of rolling-over the vehicle based on the calculated center of gravity and the relative position.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for reducing bleed emissions and exhaust emissions from a vehicle that may be operated autonomously as well as part of a car-sharing model. A parking location of the vehicle is selected at the end of a vehicle event requested by an operator as a function of fuel system and evaporative emissions system variables such that the solar loading of the parking location enables reduced emissions. The parking location selection is further coordinated with the pick-up time and location of a subsequent vehicle event requested by another vehicle operator.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure provide for controlling an autonomous vehicle to enter a driveway. As an example, an instruction to pickup or drop off a passenger at a location may be received. It may be determined that the vehicle is arriving in a lane on an opposite side of a street as the location, the lane having a traffic direction opposite to a traffic direction of a lane adjacent to the location. A difficulty score to maneuver the vehicle to the lane adjacent to the location may be determined, and the difficulty score may be compared to a predetermined difficulty score. Based on the comparison, it may be determined to an available driveway on the same side of the street as the location. The vehicle may be controlled to enter the available driveway.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and method of controlling movement of a double-parked vehicle, for autonomously moving a double-parked vehicle using a camera installed at a front/rear side of a vehicle even if a driver of a normal parked vehicle does not move the double-parked vehicle. The apparatus for controlling movement of a double-parked vehicle includes a camera configured to receive an image including code information, and a controller configured to control the vehicle to move the double-parked vehicle in a direction corresponding to code information in the image when the code information in the image received through the camera and prepared code information are identical with each other.

Abstract: A method, computer system, and a computer program product for preemptive collision mitigation is provided. The present invention may include calculating a future position of a first vehicle based on carprobe data from a first vehicle, wherein the carprobe data contains neural data of an operator of the first vehicle. The present invention may also include calculating a distance between the future position of the first vehicle and a future position of a second vehicle. The present invention may then include determining the calculated distance between the future position of the first vehicle and the future position of the second vehicle is below a threshold distance.

Abstract: A vehicle is provided to improve driving and pedestrian safety. The vehicle includes a position receiver that receives a position of the vehicle and a communicator that receives map information including Green Zone position information. A controller operates the vehicle to travel in a Green Zone mode from a section start point of a Green Zone to a section end point of the Green Zone when it is predicted that the vehicle enters the Green Zone from the position of the vehicle received from the position receiver.

Abstract: Disclosed are probabilistic prediction for a motion of a lane-based surrounding vehicle and a longitudinal control method and apparatus using the same. The method includes obtaining surrounding vehicle information using a sensor, predicting a target lane of the surrounding vehicle based on the obtained surrounding vehicle information, performing future driving trajectory prediction for each target lane based on the surrounding vehicle information, and computing a probability of a collision likelihood based on a target lane and trajectory predictions of the surrounding vehicle in which future uncertainty has been taken into consideration and performing longitudinal control for collision avoidance.

Abstract: A driving assistance apparatus is provided with: an executor configured to perform an avoidance assistance control when there is an avoidance target, a collision with which is to be avoided, so as to avoid the collision between the vehicle and the avoidance target; a first determinator configured to determine whether or not a lateral distance between the avoidance target and a roadway boundary, which is a distance in a lateral direction of the vehicle, is greater than a first threshold value, wherein the roadway boundary is a boundary between a roadway on which the vehicle travels and an area outside the roadway in which the avoidance target exists; and a controller programmed to control the executor to delay timing of starting the avoidance assistance control when the lateral distance is greater than the first threshold value, in comparison with when the lateral distance is less than the first threshold value.

Abstract: A LIDAR system includes a laser emitter configured to emit a laser pulse in a sample direction of a sample area of a scene. A sensor element of the LIDAR system is configured to sense a return pulse, which is a reflection from the sample area corresponding to the emitted laser pulse. The LIDAR system may compare a width of the emitted laser pulse to a width of the return pulse in the time-domain. The comparison of the width of the emitted pulse to the width of the return pulse may be used to determine an orientation or surface normal of the sample area relative to the sample direction. Such a comparison leads to a measurement of the change of pulse width, referred to as pulse broadening or pulse stretching, from the emitted pulse to the return pulse.

Abstract: Systems and methods for self-driving collision prevention are presented. The system comprises a self-driving vehicle safety system, having one or more sensors in communication with a control system. The control system is configured determine safety fields and instruct the sensors to scan a region corresponding to the safety fields. The control system determines exclusion regions, and omits the exclusion regions from the safety field. The safety system may also include capability reduction parameters that can be used to constrain the drive system of the vehicle, for example, by restricting turning radius and speed in accordance with the safety fields.

Abstract: A server device includes: a server communication unit configured to communicate with a vehicle, and receive fallen object avoidance information from the vehicle, the fallen object avoidance information including position information on a fallen object and information indicating whether an avoidance operation was performed by the vehicle for the fallen object; and a server control unit configured to determine, for the same fallen object that is present at the same position, whether the same fallen object should be avoided based on the fallen object avoidance information, and notify a first following vehicle that the same fallen object should be avoided when the server control unit determines that the same fallen object should be avoided, the first following vehicle being a vehicle that is traveling within a predetermined range behind the same fallen object.

Abstract: Described herein are various technologies that pertain to controlling an AV based upon a neural-network-generated prediction of a trajectory (e.g., one or more future positions) of an object in the driving environment of the AV. With more specificity, described herein are various technologies pertaining to generating predictions of a trajectory of an object by way of a multi-headed recurrent neural network (RNN). The multi-headed RNN is configured to output probability data that indicates a probability of an object moving to a position at a future point in time when the object has each of a plurality of different object characteristics. The multi-headed RNN is further configured to use state information of the multi-headed RNN from prior predictions of a trajectory of an object in connection with generating a future prediction of a trajectory of the object.

Abstract: A vehicle may include a communicator; a storage configured to store map information; a detecting device configured to detect driving information related to the vehicle and surrounding information related to the vehicle; and a controller configured to: determine a predicted position of the vehicle based on the map information, the driving information, and the surrounding information; determine a precise position based on the predicted position and a position signal received through the communicator; and control the vehicle to make a driving that reduces the difference between the predicted position and the precise position.

Abstract: This vehicle control device is provided with: a detection unit; and an external environment recognition unit that extracts a target object and left and right recognition lines of a traveling path. Additionally, a local environment map creation unit of the vehicle control device calculates an area of activity of an own vehicle and left and right border lines which indicate a limit of non-interference with the target object. Furthermore, the local environment map creation unit calculates left and right recommended border lines during traveling of the own vehicle by adding a margin interval that narrows the left and right border lines toward the inside.

Abstract: An object of the vehicle control device according to the present invention is to provide a driver with acceleration/deceleration control of a vehicle with less discomfort even in a situation where correction of measurement of an inter-vehicle distance is required due to a temperature change or the like.

Abstract: A vehicle motion control system includes: a steering angle sensor for detecting a steering angle; a vehicle speed sensor for detecting a vehicle speed; a lateral acceleration sensor for detecting an actual lateral acceleration of a vehicle body; a reference lateral acceleration calculation unit configured to calculate a reference lateral acceleration from the steering angle and the vehicle speed; a required longitudinal force calculation unit configured to calculate a required longitudinal force for reducing a deviation of the actual lateral acceleration relative to the reference lateral acceleration; and a longitudinal force control unit configured to control an output of at least one of a brake and a power plant such that the required longitudinal force is generated.

Abstract: A drive switching mechanism of a utility vehicle includes: a two-wheel drive and four-wheel drive switching device that switches between two-wheel drive and four-wheel drive of the utility vehicle; and a control unit that controls the drive switching mechanism. The two-wheel drive and four-wheel drive switching device switches between two-wheel drive and four-wheel drive by using a first clutch. The control unit permits the two-wheel drive and four-wheel drive switching device to switch from two- wheel drive to four-wheel drive when a rotation difference of the first clutch becomes equal to or smaller than a predetermined value.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for controlling a reverse driving are disclosed. The apparatus includes: a movement trace storage unit configured to detect and store the movement trace of the vehicle moving forward; a restricted driving area identifier configured to identify a restricted driving area; a reverse driving path determiner configured to identify whether a reverse driving request signal is received when the restricted driving area is identified, generate one or more driving paths, based on, the stored movement trace when the reverse driving request signal is received, and determine the reverse driving path, based on the one or more driving paths; and a movement controller configured to control movement of the vehicle to reverse the vehicle along the reverse driving path. The present disclosure has an effect of providing driving convenience by controlling a reverse driving when a vehicle enters a dead end or a one-way street by mistake.

Abstract: The present application generally relates to a method and apparatus for lane changes performed by an assisted driving control system in a motor vehicle. In particular, the system is operative to determine a requirement for a lane change, to determine a first headway between a host vehicle and a lead vehicle and a second headway between the host vehicle and an adjacent vehicle occupying the desired lane. The velocity of the host vehicle is adjusted in response to the first headway and the second headway and the lane change is initiated in response to the second headway exceeding an adequate distance.

Abstract: An automotive vehicle includes an actuator, a sensor, and a controller configured to selectively control the actuator in an autonomous driving mode. The controller is configured to identify an adjacent driving lane proximate a current driving lane based on signals from the sensor. The controller is configured to access a current lane preference value and an adjacent lane preference value from non-transient data memory. The controller is configured to calculate a relative position and relative velocity of a target object external to the vehicle. The controller is configured to calculate a current lane weight value for the current driving lane and an adjacent lane weight value for the adjacent driving lane. The controller is configured to, in response to the adjacent lane weight value exceeding the current lane weight value, automatically control the actuator to perform a lane change maneuver from the current driving lane to the adjacent driving lane.

Abstract: A shift switching mechanism of a utility vehicle includes: an input gear connected to an input shaft to which a driving force of an engine is input; a shifter that is connected to a counter shaft transmitting a driving force of the input shaft, and enables engagement between the input gear and a gear connected to the counter shaft; and a control unit that controls the shift switching mechanism. At reception of a shift command, the control unit calculates a rotation difference between the input gear and the shifter, and controls output of the engine to reduce the rotation difference.

Abstract: A control system is suitable for use in a motor vehicle and is configured and intended for using information concerning objects and/or driving-related information about another motor vehicle in order to distinguish real objects in the surroundings of the motor vehicle from erroneously detected objects, based on surroundings data that are obtained from at least one surroundings sensor situated on the motor vehicle and provided to the control system. Based on these surroundings data, an object in the surroundings of the motor vehicle is detected, and a distance and/or a relative speed and/or an angle between the motor vehicle and the object are/is determined. The object is then classified as an actually existing object or as an erroneously detected object, based on the determined distance and/or based on the determined relative speed and/or based on the determined angle.

Abstract: A vehicle having an electric motor and a driving control method for the same are provided. The method of controlling regenerative braking torque of a motor of a vehicle, which is configured to transmit power of the motor to opposite side wheels via a differential gear, includes determining whether a curved road is present ahead of the vehicle. When the curved road is detected, the load to be applied to an inner wheel of the opposite side wheels is determined depending on lateral weight shifting on the curved road based on at least one of the curvature of the curved road or the vehicle speed. A grip of the inner wheel is determined based on the determined load and a regenerative braking limit is corrected based on the determined grip.

Abstract: An image captured by a far-infrared camera is analyzed to analyze a distribution of a road-surface temperature, and a course of a highest road-surface temperature is determined to be a traveling route. Further, automatic driving along the course of the highest road-surface temperature is performed. Furthermore, a state of the distribution of a road-surface temperature, and a direction of the course of the highest road-surface temperature are displayed on a display section, so that a user (a driver) recognizes them. For example, a state analyzer detects a candidate course travelable for a vehicle, the state analyzer detecting a plurality of the candidate courses, calculates an average value of a road-surface temperature of each of the plurality of the candidate courses, and determines the candidate course having a largest average value of a road-surface temperature to be a traveling route.

Abstract: An information processing system includes a vehicle and an information processing device configured to transmit and receive information to and from the vehicle. The vehicle is configured to acquire information on an occupant in a cabin of the vehicle, and operate to affect a perception of the occupant. The information processing device is configured to store a cause of an accident caused by a passenger of the vehicle and control information for operating the operating unit to eliminate the cause of the accident, and transmit the control information to the operating unit of the vehicle when determination is made that the cause of the accident occurs based on the information on the occupant. The vehicle is configured to operate to eliminate the cause of the accident when the control information is received.

Abstract: A system and method for determining a change of a customary vehicle driver that include receiving and storing vehicle sensor data from a vehicle for at least one predetermined period of time. The system and method also include determining a vehicle driving pattern for the at least one predetermined period of time based on the vehicle sensor data and determining if there is a change in the customary vehicle driver based on a comparison of a real-time vehicle sensor data with the vehicle driving pattern. The system and method further include controlling at least one vehicle system by executing vehicle settings associated with at least one of: the customary vehicle driver and a newly designated customary vehicle driver based on if the change is determined in the customary vehicle driver.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining a driving tendency of a driver is provided. The apparatus includes a sensor that obtains driving information of the driver and senses an occupant seated in a vehicle with the driver. A controller determines occupant information based on the sensed information and determines the driving tendency of the driver corresponding to the occupant information based on the driving information of the driver. Accordingly, the driving of the vehicle is adjusted by taking into account the driving tendency of the driver, which is changed depending on the occupant information.

Abstract: An information processing system includes a vehicle and a server that is communicatively connected to the vehicle. The vehicle is configured to acquire position information of the vehicle, to acquire driving information of a driver of the vehicle, and to detect occurrence of a traffic accident associated with the vehicle. When a notification of occurrence of a traffic accident is received from the vehicle, the server is configured to calculate a driving skill level of the driver based on the driving information, to store provision information in which the position information of a point at which the traffic accident has occurred is correlated with the driving skill level and the number of times of occurrence of a traffic accident at the point, and to provide the provision information to an insurance company.

Abstract: In response to a request to drive an autonomous driving vehicle to reach target acceleration from a current speed of the ADV, a lookup operation is performed in a selected command calibration table based on the target acceleration and the current speed of the ADV. The lookup operation is performed in the command calibration table to locate an entry that matches the current speed and the target acceleration. Each command calibration table includes a number of entries, where each entry maps a particular speed and a particular control command issued, to a particular acceleration obtained from the vehicle in response to the control command. A control command is obtained from the matching entry of the selected command calibration table. The obtained control command is issued to the ADV to control the ADV, without having to calculating the same command at real-time.