Abstract: To provide an MFC capable of improving an S/N ratio of a sensor signal even when a pressure difference between both sides of the MFC is small and a flow rate in the sensor flow path is low. Provided is a mass flow controller including a fluid flow path that allows a fluid to pass therethrough, a plurality of flow sensor units that measure a mass flow rate of the fluid passing through the fluid, an adjusting valve that adjusts a flow rate of the fluid passing through the fluid flow path, and a control unit that controls a degree of open of the adjusting valve. The flow sensor units are each a thermal flow sensor unit. The control unit calculates a mass flow rate from an added output signal obtained by adding the output signals of the plurality of flow sensor units, and controls the degree of open of the adjusting valve.

Abstract: To obtain a low-pressure-loss physical quantity detection device that can detect a plurality of physical quantities of intake air. A physical quantity detection device of the present invention that detects a plurality of physical quantities of a measured gas flowing in a main passage, the physical quantity detection device includes: a circuit board on which a sensor that detects the plurality of physical quantities and an electronic component that controls the physical quantities are mountable; a circuit board accommodating unit that accommodates the circuit board; and a sub-passage in which a flow sensor is disposed. The circuit board is accommodated in the circuit board accommodating unit on an upstream side of the sub-passage, and disposed in parallel with the measured gas flowing through the main passage.

Abstract: A separation type multiphase flow meter apparatus (10) comprising a separation module (18) arranged to at least partially separate a multiphase stream comprising water, hydrocarbon liquid and hydrocarbon gas into a first sub-stream comprising a gas fraction and a second sub-stream comprising a liquid fraction. The apparatus comprises a first metering device (16) for measuring the flow rate of the first sub-stream, and a second metering device (17) for measuring the phase fraction and the flow rate of the second sub-stream, wherein the second metering device is arranged to measure the water-in-liquid ratio (WLR) of the second sub-stream, wherein the apparatus is arranged to use the WLR measured by the second metering device as a measure also for the WLR of the first sub-stream, and wherein the cross-sectional flow area of the first metering device is larger than the cross-sectional flow area of the second metering device.

Abstract: A system monitors gas flow and pressure to a gas appliance in a fluid network comprising an analyzer. The analyzer has a housing defining an inlet, an outlet, and an interior in fluid communication with the inlet and the outlet. At least one sensor is coupled to the analyzer and configured to generate at least one signal related to gas being supplied to the gas appliance. A smart device communicates with the analyzer, wherein the smart device has a user interface and is configured to monitor, store and display data. The smart device can present any or all of a plurality of parameters such as the flow of gas, a capacity of the flow of gas, a temperature, a pressure of the gas and the like to a user based on signals from sensors.

Abstract: The measuring cup includes numerous embodiments configured for a user to precisely determine the cup contents without need to lift the cup to one's eye level or to lower the eye level to the level of the cup contents. The various embodiments include folding cups; cups having transparent passages in the wall; cups having adjustably positionable bottoms; cups having level indicator rods in the cup interior extending upward from the cup bottom; cups having one or more filaments extending across the cup interior; cups having rigid level indicators spanning the cup interior; cups having adjustably positionable level indicator tabs therein; cups having buoyant level indicator tabs adjustably positionable in the cup interior; and cups having removable clip-on scales extending down along the interior of the cup wall, the scales having a plurality of attachment points for the removable attachment of a level indicator tab at a desired attachment point.

Abstract: The measuring cup includes numerous embodiments configured for a user to precisely determine the cup contents without need to lift the cup to one's eye level or to lower the eye level to the level of the cup contents. The various embodiments include folding cups; cups having transparent passages in the wall; cups having adjustably positionable bottoms; cups having level indicator rods in the cup interior extending upward from the cup bottom; cups having one or more filaments extending across the cup interior; cups having rigid level indicators spanning the cup interior; cups having adjustably positionable level indicator tabs therein; cups having buoyant level indicator tabs adjustably positionable in the cup interior; and cups having removable clip-on scales extending down along the interior of the cup wall, the scales having a plurality of attachment points for the removable attachment of a level indicator tab at a desired attachment point.

Abstract: The measuring cup includes numerous embodiments configured for a user to precisely determine the cup contents without need to lift the cup to one's eye level or to lower the eye level to the level of the cup contents. The various embodiments include folding cups; cups having transparent passages in the wall; cups having adjustably positionable bottoms; cups having level indicator rods in the cup interior extending upward from the cup bottom; cups having one or more filaments extending across the cup interior; cups having rigid level indicators spanning the cup interior; cups having adjustably positionable level indicator tabs therein; cups having buoyant level indicator tabs adjustably positionable in the cup interior; and cups having removable clip-on scales extending down along the interior of the cup wall, the scales having a plurality of attachment points for the removable attachment of a level indicator tab at a desired attachment point.

Abstract: Flow sensors are provided that can monitor flow conditions. The flow sensor includes a gauge that provides a first level of information about flow through the sensor, and an indicator associated with the gauge that can provided a second level of information about flow through the sensor. The indicator might be in the form of a dial that can rotate about the gauge and might include a locked position for monitoring flow and an unlocked position to rotate the dial about the gauge to reposition the dial. A twisted shaft with varying twist rate is provided to convert linear motion to rotational motion for the gauge.

Abstract: A flood sensor apparatus configured to send a signal to a computing device causing the computing device to turn off a utility at a site experiencing a flood. The flood sensor apparatus may include a housing and a back cover which, when coupled together, form gaps along a perimeter of the flood sensor apparatus such that fluid (e.g., water) may quickly fill and drain an interior of the housing. These gaps may be large enough such that the fluid may quickly fill and drain the interior of the housing but small enough that debris may not clog the gap or enter the interior of the housing. The back cover may include a rib extending from an inner face of the back cover and that that runs along a perimeter of the inner face. The rib may prevent tampering of a flood sensor located in the interior of the housing by blocking any object that may be inserted into the gaps.

Abstract: A method for determining a filling level of a storage container is disclosed. The method comprises generating a magnetic exciter field. The magnetic exciter field is configured to excite a content of the storage container to form a magnetic response field. The method further comprises determining at least one measurement value for the magnetic response field. The method further comprises determining the filling level of the storage container based on a position of the storage container and comparing the at least one measurement value with reference measurement values. One filling level of the storage container is assigned to each of the reference measurement values.

Abstract: A dialysis system may include a dialysis machine (e.g., a peritoneal dialysis machine) having a housing. Tubing may be extendable between the dialysis machine and a patient for fluid delivery from a container to the patient during a dialysis treatment. A connector may be attachable to the housing and configured to receive at least an end of the tubing. A capacitive sensor may be disposed in proximity to the connector. In connection with priming the tubing, prior to the dialysis treatment, a fluid may be flowable through the tubing from the container to the end of the tubing at the connector such that a presence of the fluid at the end of the tubing may be detectable by the capacitive sensor.

Abstract: A printed circuit board device includes: a first capacitive sensor configured to measure a first capacitance within a contained volume having known dimensions, wherein the first capacitance changes as a substance is received into the contained volume; a second capacitive sensor having a plurality of trigger points at a plurality of corresponding known heights within the contained volume, the second capacitive sensor configured to detect when the substance received into the contained volume has reached each of the corresponding known heights within the contained volume; and wherein at least one of a level of the substance within the contained volume, a volume of the substance within the contained volume, or a flow rate of the substance into the contained volume is determined based on data from the first capacitive sensor and the second capacitive sensor.

Abstract: A water level measuring system includes a distance sensor, a disturbance detecting unit, and a computation unit. The distance sensor is provided above a road and configured to output a sensor signal that includes a signal component representing a distance to a road surface of the road or a distance to an object present on the road surface. The disturbance detecting unit is configured to detect, from the sensor signal, a disturbance part acquired in a period in which a moving body is passing below the distance sensor. The computation unit is configured to compute a water level of water flooding the road based on the sensor signal from which the disturbance part has been eliminated.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for determining fill level of a substance in a container using a measuring device working according to the travel time principle. The measuring device transmits signals to the fill substance and, based on signal fractions reflected back in the container, ascertains an echo curve. The echo curve is transmitted to a superordinate control unit, and an envelope curve enveloping the echo curve is created and transmitted to the superordinate control unit. The echo curve and envelope curve are evaluated by the superordinate control unit. A wanted echo signal of the echo curve and envelope curve is identified. During the determining of the fill level the fill substance and the container are subjected to a current process. Based on information concerning the current process, plausibility of the wanted echo signal is checked and the evaluation is dynamically adapted to the current process.

Abstract: A weighing system for weighing particulate material such as powders, granules and the like, and particularly particulate foodstuffs. The system includes: a weighing device (9); a vibrator unit (11); a transfer receptacle (7) having an opening; a robotic arm (5) arranged to move the transfer receptacle (7); and a control system (13) arranged to control the robotic arm (5) and the vibrator unit (11); wherein the transfer receptacle (7) is arranged to receive a quantity of the particulate material through the opening; the control system (13) is arranged to actuate the robotic arm (5) to move the transfer receptacle adjacent the weighing device (9), and to actuate the vibrator unit (11) to vibrate the transfer receptacle (7) thereby causing particulate material located in the transfer receptacle (7) to dispense from the transfer receptacle onto the weighing device (9).

Abstract: A mobile and modular device with movable walls for the dynamic weighing of a bovine animal includes an identification module having a support structure, a processing module, a solar panel, an antenna and an identifier; and a weighing module including a base, a pair of side walls, a weighing platform, a pair of load cells and an amplifier and transmission box. The processing module, the identifier, the solar panel and the antenna are associated on the support structure. The weighing platform, the pair of load cells and the amplifier and transmission box are associated on the base in a fixed way. Each one of the pair of side walls contains a fixed portion and a mobile portion; and each one of the lower ends of the fixed portion contains a mechanism, which is associated to the base in a mobile way, through a first distal end and a second distal end.

Abstract: A double tire determination device includes an image input unit and a determination unit. The image input unit receives input of a captured image including a tire mounted on a vehicle. The determination unit determines whether the tire is a double tire, based on a ratio between a first area and a second area. The first area is an area of a first wheel region that is a part of a region of a wheel holding the tire and that is located on a side in a first direction with respect to a position of a rotation center of the tire. The second area is an area of a second wheel region that is a part of the region of the wheel holding the tire and that is located on a side in a second direction, which is opposite to the first direction, with respect to the position of the rotation center.

Abstract: A monitoring device includes a housing adhered to a drop well of a wheel inside of a vehicle tire. The housing rotates with the wheel. An electrical circuit disposed within the housing. The electrical circuit including a load sensing device disposed within the housing. The load sensing device sensing forces exerted on the wheel. A transceiver coupled to the electrical circuit. The transceiver communicates load data sensed by the load sensing device to components exterior of the wheel.

Abstract: Apparatus and associated methods relate to tracking material based on configuring a container with a sensor adapted to measure the quantity of a material in the container, configuring a display to visually present as a function of time the material quantity relative to a predetermined threshold, determining the material quantity change within a predetermined time period based on captured sensor data, and automatically presenting in the display the material quantity performance displayed as a function of time based on the material quantity change and the predetermined threshold. In an illustrative example, the material may be water, and the container may be a bottle. The threshold may be a consumption performance goal. In various implementations, the container may be luggage, and the threshold may be an accumulation performance goal based on a weight limit. In some examples, the luggage may be, for example, a purse, tote, backpack, or lunchbox.

Abstract: A mower unit provided in a grass mower unit includes a mower deck having a top plate and a side plate extending downwards from the top plate, a rotational shaft extending through the top plate and rotatably supported to the top plate, and a blade attached to the rotational shaft inside the mower deck. A vibration detection unit is attached to the mower deck for detecting vibration in the mower deck. Vibration detected by the vibration detection unit is informed via an informing unit.

Abstract: The disclosure discloses a motor vibration or noise frequency detecting apparatus and method thereof. A processor and a frequency sensing unit are used to process and quantify a time domain signal, obtain a frequency domain result through computation, obtain a characteristic amplitude from the frequency domain result, and set characteristic amplitude as a trigger amplitude, which is then compared with a to-be-measured amplitude for use in computations or triggering events. The disclosure is used in a motor apparatus to detect a time domain abnormality, save power consumption for long-term use of frequency domain detection, and allow the motor to be monitored for a long time under battery power so the loss of the production line caused by the unwarranted shutdown can be avoided.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for determining an effective sound velocity in the deep sea. The method is applied to an apparatus for determining an effective sound velocity in the deep sea having a transmission point, a receiving point, and an underwater mobile carrier. The transmission point is installed on the sea surface such that the depth of the transmission point is unchanged. The receiving point is installed on the underwater mobile carrier such that the depth of the receiving point changes with movement of the underwater mobile carrier. The underwater mobile carrier can measure a sound velocity profile between the transmission point and the receiving point and a horizontal distance between the transmission point and the receiving point.

Abstract: The proposed concept relates to an optical sensor arrangement comprising an optical sensor with an integrated circuit arranged in or on a substrate. The substrate comprises at least a first surface area and a second surface area. At least one optically active sensor component is arranged on or in the substrate of the first surface area. The optically active sensor component is arranged for emitting and/or detecting light of a desired wavelength range. Optically inactive sensor circuitry is arranged on or in the substrate of the second surface area. A display panel comprises an active display area and a non-active display area, wherein the non-active display area comprises a material which is optically transparent in the desired wavelength range and wherein the non-active display area at least partly frames the active display layer.

Abstract: A method of monitoring ultraviolet radiation reflectance is provided for activating an ultraviolet radiation reflectance digital sensor and display monitor; capturing ultraviolet radiation reflectance passing through a lens onto the digital senor; analyzing ultraviolet radiation reflectance against a preloaded and predetermined color palate; generating a video image; and outputting the video image to the display monitor. A device is also provided for an ultraviolet radiation reflectance monitoring application which receives data from an ultraviolet radiation sensitive digital imaging plate installed on the device; wherein the application processes data received from the digital imaging plate and generates an output image of ultraviolet radiation reflectance to a video monitor communicatively connected to the device.

Abstract: Various implementations relate generally to multi-sensor devices. Some implementations more particularly relate to a multi-sensor device including a ring of radially-oriented photosensors. Some implementations more particularly relate to a multi-sensor device that is orientation-independent with respect to a central axis of the ring. Some implementations of the multi-sensor devices described herein further include one or more additional sensors. For example, some implementations include an axially-directed photosensor. Some implementations also can include one or more temperature sensors configured to sense an exterior temperature, for example, an ambient temperature of an outdoors environment around the multi-sensor. Additionally or alternatively, some implementations include one or more of an infrared sensor or infrared sensors, a cellular communication circuit, and a GPS module.

Abstract: A laser beam profile measurement device includes: a plate-like or block-like fluorescence generation element including an incidence surface on which a laser light is incident and an emission surface from which the laser light is emitted; a light separation element for separating fluorescence from the laser light, the fluorescence generated in the fluorescence generation element and emitted from the emission surface; and an image element for receiving the fluorescence. The fluorescence generation element includes a first film formed on the incidence surface thereof. The first film has a wavelength-to-reflectance characteristic of transmitting a wavelength ?1 of the laser light and reflecting a wavelength ?2 of the fluorescence. The first film has a wavelength-to-reflectance characteristic of transmitting a wavelength ?1 of the laser light and reflecting a wavelength ?2 of the fluorescence.

Abstract: An apparatus (200) for detecting light, comprising a detector (100) and a readout circuit (150). The detector (100) comprises: a substrate (10), a phase change material layer (16) supported by the substrate (10), a first electrode (14) in electrical contact with the phase change material layer (16), and a second electrode (18) in electrical contact with the phase change material layer (16). The first and second electrode (14, 18) are operable to bias the phase change material (16) by passing a current through the phase change material as a result of a bias voltage between the first and second electrode (14, 18).

Abstract: A hand held spectrometer is used to illuminate the object and measure the one or more spectra. The spectral data of the object can be used to determine one or more attributes of the object. In many embodiments, the spectrometer is coupled to a database of spectral information that can be used to determine the attributes of the object. The spectrometer system may comprise a hand held communication device coupled to a spectrometer, in which the user can input and receive data related to the measured object with the hand held communication device. The embodiments disclosed herein allow many users to share object data with many people, in order to provide many people with actionable intelligence in response to spectral data.

Abstract: A system and method for characterization and/or calibration of performance of a multispectral imaging (MSI) system equipping the MSI system for use with a multitude of different fluorescent specimens while being independent on optical characteristics of a specified specimen and providing an integrated system level test for the MSI system. A system and method are adapted to additionally evaluate and express operational parameters performance of the MSI system in terms of standardized units and/or to determine the acceptable detection range of the MSI system.

Abstract: A compact mmW spectroscopy cell system for detecting volatile organic compounds (compounds) in a gas. The system includes a gas collection chamber, an input buffer cavity for receiving the gas from the gas collection chamber, pumping devices to pass the gas from the buffer cavity to an absorption cell and maintain pressure, and a transceiver connected to the cell. The transceiver interrogates the absorption cell filled with the gas by passing a high frequency electromagnetic signal and sweeping the signal to generate an absorption spectra which is compared to a spectroscopy database for detecting the compounds in the gas. The absorption cell, collection chambers, and pumping devices are fabricated with standard CMOS processing techniques at chip and wafer scale. The transceiver bonded to the absorption cell with chip scale integration.

Abstract: A substrate processing module includes a process chamber configured to perform a treatment process on a substrate; a transfer chamber provided on a first side of the process chamber, the substrate being transferred between the process chamber and the transfer chamber; an optical emission spectroscopy (OES) system provided on a second side of the process chamber and configured to monitor the process chamber; and a reference light source disposed in the transfer chamber and configured to emit a reference light to calibrate the OES system.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure include methods for spectrally resolving light from fluorophores having overlapping fluorescence spectra in a sample. Methods according to certain embodiments include detecting light with a light detection system from a sample having a plurality of fluorophores having overlapping fluorescence spectra and spectrally resolving light from each fluorophore in the sample. In some embodiments, methods include estimating the abundance of one or more of the fluorophores in the sample, such as on a particle. In certain instances, methods include identifying the particle in the sample based on the abundance of each fluorophore and sorting the particle. Methods according to some embodiments includes spectrally resolving the light from each fluorophore by calculating a spectral unmixing matrix for the fluorescence spectra of each fluorophore. Systems and integrated circuit devices (e.g., a field programmable gate array) for practicing the subject methods are also provided.

Abstract: A device for determining a polarization state of an electromagnetic wave, includes a power splitter that splits an electromagnetic input wave into at least three partial waves; and at least three polarization converters for changing the polarization state of the partial waves. One of the polarization converters is associated with one of the three partial waves. The device includes an output coupler to which the partial waves are supplied after passing through the respective polarization converter and which includes at least three outputs. The output coupler is configured and the polarization converters are arranged and configured such that output waves exiting from the outputs of the output coupler have an intensity that each is dependent on one of the Stokes parameters of the input wave.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a flame detector. The flame detector comprises a light guide system including a first end and a second end opposite to the first end, a light path being formed between the first end and the second end and extending along an optical axis; a first hole disposed at the first end, extending along the optical axis and forming a part of the light path, the first hole being configured to receive light emitted by a flame to be detected; and a second hole disposed at the second end, extending along the optical axis and forming a part of the light path, sizes of the first and second holes and a length of the light path being configured such that a detection angle of the light guide system is between 0.5 degrees and 3 degrees.

Abstract: An infrared detector is provided, and the infrared detector includes: a thermoelectric element; an infrared light absorber, located on and in contact with the thermoelectric element, and configured to absorb infrared light and convert infrared light into heat; an electrical signal detector, electrically connected to the thermoelectric element and configured to detect a change in electrical performance of the thermoelectric element; wherein the infrared light absorber includes a carbon nanotube array, the carbon nanotube array includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes, a height of the plurality of carbon nanotubes are substantially the same, and the plurality of carbon nanotubes are perpendicular to the thermoelectric element.

Abstract: A Ti—Ni-based alloy, which has a torsion angle for Interface I that is a junction plane between habit plane variants of a martensitic phase, of less than 1.00°; a wire, an electrically conductive actuator, and a temperature sensor, each of which uses that alloy; and a method of producing the Ti—Ni-based alloy.

Abstract: A reconfigurable all-digital temperature sensor includes a NAND gate and several delay units, the NAND gate comprises two input terminals and an output terminal, one input terminal is used for external starting control signal; a plurality delay units are connected in series, the input end of the first delay unit is connected to the output terminal of the NAND gate, and the output end of the last delay unit is connected to another input terminal of the NAND gate, thereby forming a ring oscillator structure; each delay unit includes a leakage-based inverter and a Schmitt trigger, and the output end of the leakage-based inverter is connected to the input end of the Schmitt trigger. The reconfigurable all-digital temperature sensor can realize the conversion of temperature-leakage-frequency based on the ring oscillator structure in the temperature range of ?40˜125° C., thereby reducing the design complexity and achieving high accuracy.

Abstract: A temperature sensor includes a NAND gate and a plurality of delay units. The NAND gate includes a first and a second input terminals, and an output terminal. The first input terminal is configured to receive an external starting control signal. The plurality of delay units are connected in series. An input end of the first delay unit is connected to the output terminal of the NAND gate. An output end of the last delay unit is connected to the second input terminal of the NAND gate, thereby forming a ring oscillator structure. The temperature sensor can realize conversion of temperature-leakage-frequency based on the ring oscillator structure in a temperature range of ?40˜125° C., thereby simplifying design complexity and achieves high accuracy.

Abstract: A thermochromatic label system for providing an indication of a temperature condition of contents of an inner volume of a vessel. A thermochromatic label is founded on a facestock with one or more thermochromatic images disposed on a thermochromatic display surface and an adhesive surface. Plural labels can be retained on a release liner, and the adhesive can be a removable adhesive to permit selective application and removal of the label. A lid of a vessel has a preconfigured label retention structure, such as a raised protuberance that defines a sub-volume, for retaining the thermochromatic label. The facestock and the label retention structure can be contoured with corresponding three-dimensional shapes. The three-dimensional shapes could be conical shapes, each with a lower portion, a mid-portion, and a peak portion, and first, second, and third thermochromatic images can be disposed on the respective portions of the facestock.

Abstract: A temperature measurement member measures a temperature of an inspection object or a temperature of a mounting table on which the inspection object is placed inside an inspection apparatus that inspects the inspection object. The temperature measurement member is attached to an attachment position of a probe card used for electrical characteristic inspection in the inspection apparatus, and includes a main body having substantially a same shape as the probe card; a probe formed to extend from the main body toward the mounting table in a state in which the temperature measurement member is attached to the attachment position; and a temperature sensor configured to measure the temperature of the inspection object or the mounting table. The sensor transmits/receives a temperature measurement-related electrical signal to/from an inspection part via the probe card in the electrical characteristic inspection, and transmits a temperature measurement result to the inspection part.

Abstract: The invention disclosures a scanning switch for calibration of a temperature metering device and a calibration system and a calibration method thereof, comprising main connecting terminals and sub connecting terminals, main connecting terminals are connected to a standard electrical measuring instrument, sub connecting terminals are connected to a calibrated sensor and a standard sensor, main connecting terminals and sub connecting terminals are conductively connected through an electrical measuring switch, the scanning switch further comprises a temperature controller and a temperature control switch which are electrically connected, the temperature control switch is connected to sub connecting terminals, the temperature controller is connected to a constant temperature source by a solid-state relay and connected to standard sensor or calibrated sensor by sub connecting terminals, the temperature control loops of old system are integrated into scanning switch, temperature control sensor is removed, simultane

Abstract: A calibration setup for calibrating a temperature sensor includes a temperature calibrator, a temperature measuring unit connected to the temperature sensor, a camera unit configured to detect a measured temperature value and to transmit the measured temperature value to a storage medium in the temperature calibrator. A method of calibrating a temperature sensor using the calibration setup includes heating the temperature sensor to a first calibration temperature; detecting a first temperature value by the camera unit; transmitting the first temperature value from the camera unit to a storage medium in the temperature calibrator; heating the temperature sensor to at least a second calibration temperature; detecting a second temperature value by the camera unit; transmitting the second temperature value from the camera unit to the storage medium; and displaying the detected and stored temperature values on a calibrator indicator display in a respective association with the calibration temperatures.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a first temperature sensor module, a second temperature sensor module, a first temperature controller, and a second temperature controller. The first temperature sensor module includes a bandgap reference circuit that outputs a plurality of divided voltages, and a first conversion circuit that performs analog-to-digital conversion processing on one of the plurality of divided voltages to generate a first digital value. The second temperature sensor module includes a second conversion circuit that performs analog-to-digital conversion processing on the one of the plurality of divided voltages to generate a second digital value. The first temperature sensor controller converts the first digital value to a first temperature. The second temperature sensor controller converts the second digital value to a second temperature.

Abstract: A method for stress-induced magnetic field signal acquisition and stress measurement is disclosed. The method can include the following steps: a1, conducting AC magnetization on a to-be-tested structure by using an AC magnetic field with preset frequencies and strengths, and acquiring the excitation magnetic field signals in at least one cycle; a2, subtracting the excitation magnetic field signals in at least one cycle of a stress-free sample having the same material as the to-be-tested structure from the excitation magnetic field signals acquired in step a1 to obtain a stress-induced magnetic field signals of the to-be-tested structure; a3, quantitatively assessing the stresses in the to-be-tested structure by comparing the mean values of the stress-induced magnetic field signals acquired in step a2 with the pre-calibrated relationship of stresses and the mean values of the stress-induced magnetic field signals for the material of the to-be-tested structure.

Abstract: A force detecting device having a first axis and a second axis orthogonal to each other, the first axis being a force detection axis, the force detecting device including a laminated body formed by laminating a first electrode, a first quartz plate, a second electrode, a second quartz plate, a third electrode, a third quartz plate, a fourth electrode, a fourth quartz plate, and a fifth electrode in this order and a force detection circuit configured to detect a force in a direction of the first axis based on an electric charge output from the second electrode and an electric charge output from the fourth electrode.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for determining internal uniaxial stress of steel members based on transverse wave phase spectrum, including: manufacturing a replicated steel member of an in-service steel structure member, where the replicated steel member and the in-service steel structure member are the same in material and thickness; loading a test on the replicated steel member to obtain two stress-spectral parameters; performing ultrasonic determination on the in-service steel structure member using an ultrasonic determination device; and collecting transverse wave signals using a signal acquisition system; processing the collected transverse wave signals through an information processing device to obtain a derived curve of the phase spectrum; capturing a first response frequency of the phase spectrum from the phase spectrum derived curve; and obtaining a uniaxial stress of the in-service steel structure member according to the stress-spectral parameters.

Abstract: An assembly measures a bending torque on a machine element extending on an axis using the inverse magnetostrictive effect. The machine element has a cavity and at least one magnetization region, extending circumferentially around the axis. A magnetic sensor is arranged in the cavity to measure a directional component of a magnetic field which is brought about by the magnetization and by the bending torque. A second directional component of the magnetic field may be measured by the magnetic sensor or by another magnetic sensor.

Abstract: A system for measuring torque on a component having a residually magnetized region is provided. The system includes a torque sensor for sensing an electromagnetic characteristic of the component and transmitting a plurality of signals that are indicative of the electromagnetic characteristic. The system also includes a computer communicatively coupled to the torque sensor for receiving the signals. The computer includes a processor and a memory. The processor is programmed to determine, using the signals, that the torque sensor is affected by the residually magnetized region of the component.

Abstract: A device to sense degree of twist in a screwdriver and the magnitude of force applied includes a contacting portion, a deformation portion, a sensing portion, and a processor. The contacting portion receives a grip and twist pressure through the deformation portion which is tiltedly fixed to the contacting portion. The deformation portion carries the sensing portion and elastically deforms under the force and/or the torsion. The sensing portion detects a deformation of the deformation portion and generates a corresponding electrical signal. The processor receives the signal and determines the values of the twist caused and the force applied.

Abstract: To yield fixed output as electrical signal when any positions of volume space is subjected to external pressure and the external pressure is detected. A contact detecting device includes a mounted base 60 with a predetermined shape, a design foam 10 that is bonded to the mounted base and covers it, and a limiter 7 that is mounted on the mounted base 60 or the design foam 10. The contact detecting device further includes a predetermined volume space 4 defined by the mounted base 60, the design foam 10, and the limiter 7. The contact detecting device further includes a sensor SEN that detects external pressure applied to the volume space 4 through the determination of the physical variation of the volume space 4. The physical variation of the volume space 4 is detected through the sensor determining, for example, variation in flow rate, flow velocity, or volume. In particular, the contact detecting device detects two-dimensional or three-dimensional contact on any position.