Abstract: Technologies are described related to determining conditions for the purification of proteins. In some implementations, models can be generated that predict yield and purity for various chromatographic techniques at a number of pH levels and salt concentrations. Training data used to produce the models can be obtained by running chromatography columns using stationary phase materials of different chromatographic techniques at various combinations of pH levels and salt concentrations. In additional implementations, the training data can be obtained by analyzing solutions included in a subset of wells of a multi-well plate, where the subset of wells are associated with particular salt concentrations and pH values for a particular stationary phase material. Further, the models can be used to determine optimized conditions for the purification of various proteins based on maximizing yield and purity, while minimizing cost.

Abstract: Systems and method for automatically determining offset correction values in a differential measurement system, and for correcting measurement offsets between two measurement devices in the differential measurement system. A method for determining real-time offset corrections in a gas analysis system having first and second gas analyzers includes for each of a plurality of gas concentrations within a range of gas concentrations: a) supplying the concentration of gas to the first and second gas analyzers through first and second gas flow lines, respectively; b) measuring a first gas concentration value using the first gas analyzer; and c) measuring a second gas concentration value using the second gas analyzer. The method may also include determining an offset value between each corresponding first and second gas concentration value, and determining a functional relationship between the offset values and gas concentration measurements of the first gas analyzer.

Abstract: A concentration measurement method for measuring a concentration of impurities includes a step of irradiating a DUT 10 serving as a measurement target object with measurement light and stimulus light subjected to intensity modulation using a modulation signal including a default frequency, a step of outputting a detection signal by detecting an intensity of reflected light from the DUT 10 or transmitted light through the DUT 10, and a step of detecting a phase delay of the detection signal with respect to the modulation signal, obtaining a frequency at which the phase delay has a predetermined value, and estimating a concentration of impurities in the measurement target object on the basis of the frequency.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for estimating soil organic carbon in karst area, including: step 1, establishing a soil organic carbon estimation model for the karst area; step 2, revising a soil depth; step 3, subtracting an exposure rate of bedrock for different types of soil and positive and negative terrains; step 4, revising a soil organic carbon density estimation formula for different types of soil and positive and negative terrains; and step 5, revising a soil organic carbon storage estimation method. This invention has solved the problem of overestimating soil organic carbon pool by existing methods, has improved the calculation accuracy, and has promoted the research process of soil carbon cycle in karst area.

Abstract: Methods of analyzing the rock content of a geologic formation are provided herein. The methods typically comprise obtaining samples from the formation and subjecting the samples to conditions that will cause the extraction and/or release of one or more volatile compounds from the samples, if present in the samples, and then analyzing the amount of such one or more volatile compounds released/extracted from the sample and then further relating such results to the physical and/or rock content composition of two or more regions of the geologic formation. The results can be used to inform or guide oil and/or gas exploration and/or production operations, such as placement of fracking operations.

Abstract: An oil debris monitoring sensor includes a multiple of passages within the housing, each of the multiple of passages surrounded by a set of coils to detect a particle. A method for determining a presence of a particle in a system includes a) installing a single sensor in-line with an oil flow path; b) communicating oil through a multiple of passages within the housing of the single sensor; c) detecting a particle through the single sensor; and d) isolating the particle to one of the multiple of passages within the sensor housing.

Abstract: Method for the extraction and the determination of microplastics in samples with organic and inorganic matrices, including the fundamental stages of: sampling and pre-treatment, acid digestion of the sample, extraction of microplastics in liquid phase, identification and quantification of the microplastics; and characterized by the fact of measuring the dimension and counting a plurality of microplastics, as the reading area measures 1 mm2, by means of electronic microscope coupled with energy dispersive X-ray analysis.

Abstract: A diagnostic system that includes a cartridge and a reader. The cartridge can contain a patient sample, such as a blood sample. The cartridge is inserted into the reader and the patient sample is analyzed. The sample can be processed for data collection and analysis to provide interpretative results indicative of a disorder, condition, disease or infection of the patient. For example, the data collection and analysis can determine one or more hemozoin characteristics.

Abstract: A method of analyzing molecules using a nanopore array including a plurality of cells included on a chip is disclosed. Nanopores are caused to be formed in at least a portion of the plurality of the cells. A first physical measurement of the nanopores is evaluated. It is determined whether to cause the molecules to interact with the nanopores. At least a portion of the nanopores is caused to interact with the molecules. A second physical measurement of the nanopores that indicates a property of the molecules is evaluated. It is determined whether to cause the nanopores to be reformed so that the cells may be reused to interact with additional molecules.

Abstract: A microfluidic coagulation analysis method includes introducing a fluid sample into a measurement device including a pinch point that includes a microfluidic channel of substantially consistent width and height connecting a slot and a chamber. The at least one pinch point permits passage of the fluid sample from the slot to the chamber. The method further includes measuring, with a sensor in or near the pinch point, transits of individual cells in the sample passing through the at least one pinch point, and computing, at least in part with a processor, at least one metric indicative of a time period during which the flow of the sample transitions from substantially fluid flow to substantial cessation of flow.

Abstract: The various aspects presented herein relate to the perfumery industry. More particularly, the various aspects presented herein relate to assays and methods for screening and identifying compositions and/or ingredients that intensify a subject's perception of target odorant compounds based on the use of particular olfactory receptors activated by the target odorant compound.

Abstract: Described herein are fluorescent compounds and methods and comprising these compounds. The compounds disclosed herein are carbopyronine reagents that fluoresce in the red portion of the UV/VIS spectrum and provide bright fluorescence intensity, uniform cell staining, and good retention within live cells as well as low toxicity toward cells.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method useful for selecting a personalized cannabinoid-based therapy for a mammalian subject diagnosed with cancer.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for the diagnosis of cancer involving the plasma membrane citrate transporter (pmCiC). The invention is further directed to a modified substrate or modulator of pmCiC, the use of pmCiC as a tumor marker and a method of screening for a modulator of pmCiC activity.

Abstract: Systems and methods for determining whether a set of test perturbations discriminates over a null distribution for an on target effect against a first component of an entity are disclosed. The perturbations are perturbations of the first component and the entity comprises a plurality of components. For each perturbation in the set, a corresponding vector comprising a plurality of elements, is obtained. Each element comprises a distribution metric of measurements of a feature across instances of the entity upon exposure to the respective perturbation or (ii) a distribution metric of a respective dimension reduction component computed using the measurement of the plurality of features across instances of the entity upon the perturbation exposure. A composite metric is computed, using the vectors, and compared to a null distribution.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a novel evaluation system that is particularly useful in researches on the onset mechanism and pathologic conditions of a central nervous system disease, development of a therapeutic method, or the like. The efficacy of a test substance is evaluated using a movement pattern defined by variations in movement of individual cells constituting a cell population as an index.

Abstract: The present invention relates to microfluidic fluidic devices, methods and systems for use in identifying epigenetic signatures in a range of sample types, e.g., cells established on a “chip” (including but not limited to single cell samples, cell populations, C cell layers and whole tissues, such as a biopsy), immune cells, cfDNA, exosomes, and the like. More specifically, in some embodiments, a microfluidic chip containing a sample is contacted with a test compound (e.g. DNA altering test compound, an RNA expression altering test compound, etc.) for use in providing a diagnostic epigenetic signature for that type of sample (or cell type) exposed to that specific test compound. In some embodiments, after contact with a test compound, effluent fluids (e.g. fluids exiting the “chip” that contacted the cells) are derived for testing as a “virtual blood draw.

Abstract: Selective amplification of DNA in PCR exponentially increases the signal in molecular diagnostics for nucleic acids, but analogous techniques exist for signal enhancement in clinical tests for proteins or cells. Instead, the signal from affinity-based measurements of these biomolecules depends linearly on probe concentration. Substituting antibody-based probes tagged for fluorescent quantification with lasing detection probes would create a new platform for biomarker quantification based on optical rather than enzymatic amplification. Here, a viral laser is constructed which bridges synthetic biology and laser physics, and demonstrates viral-lasing probes for biosensing. At the transition to lasing, photon flux from the probes increases by five orders of magnitude and narrows spectral linewidth to below 5.0 nm.

Abstract: This disclosure describes stabilized peptides and methods for detecting a biomarker on, outside, or within a live cell or tissue, or in a cell or tissue that has been fixed for an immunological assay or histopathologic evaluation. The present disclosure further describes stabilized peptides and methods for diagnosing and/or monitoring the progression of a disease in a subject, or for monitoring the efficacy of a disease treatment in a subject, based on the presence of a biomarker, the amount of a biomarker, and/or the localization of a biomarker in a live or fixed cell or tissue obtained from a subject.

Abstract: Methods of detecting an analyte in a sample are provided. In one embodiment, the method comprises forming a partition comprising the sample, a binding agent capable of emitting a signal when bound to the analyte, and a marker capable of identifying the partition; allowing the binding agent to bind to the analyte, if present; and detecting the presence of the analyte in the sample by detecting the signal emitted from the binding agent in the partition.

Abstract: When anti-bodies recognize any foreign substance in the body it creates a copy to replace light variable chains of the Anti-Body; specific to, I say with most certainty, every substance you ingest. The presence of any substance in your body (drugs, proteins, allergens, haptins, ect) creates an humoral response which creates antibodies specific to the substance. A molecule specific to the antibody in question is attached to a surface and the antibody in question binds to that molecule. This novel technique is the purpose behind the patent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an in-vitro diagnosis device for detecting and/or identifying antigen and/or antibody from a sample of biological fluid, particularly from a sample of blood or sample of blood components. The invention also relates to different uses of this device such as the detection and/or the identification of red blood cells antigens, platelet antigens, viralantigens, bacterial antigens, parasite antigens, the detection and/or the identification of anti-red blood cells antibodies, antiplatelet antibodies, antiviral antibodies, antibacterial antibodies and antiparasitic antibodies.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods for detecting molecules of interest within a collected sample are described herein. In certain embodiments, self-contained sample analysis systems are disclosed, which include a reusable reader component, a disposable cartridge component, and a disposable sample collection component. The reader component may communicate with a remote computing device for the digital transmission of test protocols and test results. In various disclosed embodiments, the systems, components, and methods are configured to identify the presence, absence, and/or quantity of particular nucleic acids, proteins, or other analytes of interest, for example, in order to test for the presence of one or more pathogens or contaminants in a sample.

Abstract: Methods, systems and kits are described herein for detecting the results of an assay. In particular, the methods, systems and devices of the present disclosure rely on a difference between the diffusion rates of a reporter molecule and an analyte of interest in order to quantify an amount of analyte in a microfluidic device. The analyte may be a secreted product of a biological micro-object.

Abstract: A fluidic testing system and method for use are presented. The fluidic testing system includes a microfluidic channel, a first chamber and second chamber. The microfluidic channel has only one port for the introduction and/or extraction of fluid through the microfluidic channel. The first chamber is disposed at a terminal end of the microfluidic channel. The second chamber is coupled to the fluidic channel and is aligned such that each opening to the second chamber is configured to be aligned substantially parallel to a gravity vector during operation.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide, in order to quantify a detection target substance contained in a specimen, a specimen diluent capable of reducing an influence of contaminants, that is, noise with respect to a quantitative value of a detection target to obtain favorable signal sensitivity, a method for preparing a sample, a sample, and a sandwich method. A specimen diluent of the present invention is a specimen diluent used in a sandwich method, the specimen diluent containing 10 mM to 500 mM of a compound having a structure represented by formula (I) and 10 mM to 500 mM of a compound having a thiol group.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a method of detecting or quantifying a detection target in a specimen includes: irradiating a reaction mixture containing composite particles and the specimen with light to promote binding between the composite particles and the detection target; and performing measurement on the reaction mixture irradiated with the light to detect or quantify the detection target. The composite particles each include a carrier particle including two or more regions having different physical properties on a surface, and an affinity substance carried on the carrier particle and having affinity to the detection target. The light can be absorbed by at least one of the two or more regions.

Abstract: A flow test unit (1) with a housing (2) which is sealingly closed to the outside at least when coupled to a sample container. At least one test strip (3) is accommodated in the housing (2), and the housing (2) has at least one admission opening (4). The test strip (3) is arranged inside the housing (2) such that, after a liquid connection (22) to a sample container has been produced, a wetting region (5) can be wetted with liquid (6) entering via the at least one admission opening (4).

Abstract: Methods and kits for evaluating a clinical outcome of an autoimmune disease, specifically disease flare e.g. if the subject stops taking the biologic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD), by comparing biomarkers of CD45RA, TNF-alpha and/or CXCR5 from CD3+CD4+ T cell population are disclosed. In a specific embodiment, the ratio of first subset of CD3+CD4+CD45RA?TNFA+ (memory) T cells to a second subset comprising CD3+CD4+CD45RA+TNFA+ (naïve) T cell is determined, wherein an increase in the ratio indicates a disease flare state of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). In another embodiment, enrichment of CD45RA?CR5+ subset among the T cell population indicates likelihood of flare state in JIA via memory persistence enhancement through B cell interaction. In other embodiments, additional markers including IL-6, CCR6, CD152 and PD1 are also determined, and the enrichment of CD45RA-TNFA+IL-6+ subset among the T cell population indicates a likelihood of amplification of the autoimmune disease.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a T-helper cell (“TH-GM” cell) that is regulated by IL-7/STAT5 and which secrete GM-CSF/IL-3. Also disclosed are methods and compositions for modulating TH-GM function for the treatment of, e.g., inflammatory disorders. Diagnostic and prognostic methods for specifically identifying TH-GM-mediated inflammatory disorders (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis), as distinct from and/or in addition to non-TH-GM-mediated (e.g., TNF-?-mediated) inflammatory disorders, are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. More specifically, the present invention provides compositions and methods for detecting M. tuberculosis. In a specific embodiment, a method comprises the steps of (a) contacting a patient sample with a solid support coated with antibodies to carbapenem resistance factor A (CrfA); washing unbound molecules from the solid support using a buffer; and incubating the solid support with a beta-lactamase substrate. In certain embodiments, the beta-lactamase substrate is chromogenic. In another embodiment, the method further comprises the step of visually detecting a color change from the hydrolysis of the substrate by CrfA protein bound to the antibodies on the solid support. In yet another embodiment, the method further comprises the step of measuring color intensity of the strip at 490 nm using a spectrophotometer.

Abstract: A method of identifying a lead or candidate compound that modulates the activity of GTPase-Activating Protein SH3 Domain-Binding Proteins (G3BP) is provided, which includes determining whether a compound modulates the interaction between the N-terminal Nuclear Transport Factor 2-like (NTF2L) domain of G3BP and FGDF peptide of ubiquitin specific protease 10 (USP10) or non-structural protein 3 (nsP3).

Abstract: The invention provides gastroenterological cancer determination methods that involve contacting a specimen, an antibody 1 that recognizes an ? chain of human haptoglobin, and an antibody 2 that recognizes a ? chain of human haptoglobin and does not recognize human haptoglobin in which an S—S bond is cleaved to form a complex 1, or contacting the specimen and two antibodies selected from the antibodies 2 that recognize a ? chain of human haptoglobin and do not recognize human haptoglobin in which an S—S bond is cleaved to form a complex 2. A determination is made based on the measurement of complex 1 or 2. Alternatively, the specimen and two antibodies selected from the antibodies 1 that recognize an ? chain of human haptoglobin are contacted to form a complex 3, and a determination is made by comparing the measurement results of complex 1 or 2 with complex 3.

Abstract: A method of diagnosing high grade bladder cancer is provided. The method comprising detecting in a urine sample of a subject in need thereof expression of CD24, wherein an increase in said expression of CD24 above a predetermined threshold as compared to a control sample is indicative of said high grade bladder cancer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for monitoring esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) disease progression in a subject, the method comprising: obtaining a biological sample from the subject; measuring with a quantitative analytical method at least one metabolite; determining a metabolomic biosignature of EAC disease progression based on a comparison of quantitative data for the at least one metabolite to corresponding data obtained for at least one reference sample; and identifying active EAC disease progression in the subject if the quantity of the at least one metabolite in the sample from the subject is greater than that found in the at least one reference sample.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for typing a sample of an individual suffering from a colorectal cancer, or suspected of suffering therefrom. A preferred sample is stool. The invention further relates to methods for determining a level of expression of at least two extracted protein expression molecules in stool, based on the quantified reaction products, and to methods of assigning treatment to an individual that was typed as suffering from colorectal cancer according to the invention.

Abstract: The invention belongs to the field of biological medicine, and relates to use of an IgG4 detection reagent, a subclass of immunoglobulin, in preparation of a colorectal cancer diagnosis or prognosis reagent/kit. According to the present invention, IgG4, a subclass of immunoglobulin, is highly expressed in colorectal cancer with great difference and credibility. Use of IgG4 as a colorectal cancer diagnostic biomarker has advantages of being strong in specificity and high in sensitivity, which is beneficial to improving the diagnosis and treatment level of colorectal cancer, and effectively prevents and treats colorectal cancer.

Abstract: Antibodies, humanized antibodies, resurfaced antibodies, antibody fragments, derivatized antibodies, and conjugates of same with cytotoxic agents, which specifically bind to CD38, are capable of killing CD38+ cells by apoptosis, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), and/or complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). Said antibodies and fragments thereof may be used in the treatment of tumors that express CD38 protein, such as multiple myeloma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia, acute myelogenous leukemia, or acute lymphocytic leukemia, or the treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases such as systemic lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, erythematosus, and asthma. Said derivatized antibodies may be used in the diagnosis and imaging of tumors that express elevated levels of CD38.

Abstract: The invention provides for methods for isolating large EVs and detecting palmitoyl proteins in the large EVs, as well as methods for detecting clinically significant prostate cancer based on the presence of palmitoyl proteins in the isolated large EVs in a subject in need thereof. The method further comprises administering cancer therapy to the subject.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to the surprising and unexpected finding that the well-known cancer protein, Myeloid Cell Leukemia-1 (MCL-1), binds to and modulates the enzymatic activity of Very Long Chain Acyl CoA Dehydrogenase (VLCAD), thereby regulating fatty acid ?-oxidation. This finding is employed in compositions and methods of treating cancer, metabolic diseases, or other conditions characterized by excessive fatty acid ?-oxidation by blocking or reducing the energy production of cells (e.g., cancer) through inhibiting the MCL-1/VLCAD interaction and/or directly inhibiting VLCAD enzymatic activity. In addition, the disclosure features methods for identifying such agents that inhibit the interaction between MCL-1 and VLCAD or that inhibit VLCAD enzymatic activity.

Abstract: A method for therapy control of HPV16 positive carcinoma, an antibody for use in the corresponding diagnostic method as well as a test for performing the method. In particular, a serologic method for monitoring the development of the amount of antibodies in samples, which were taken from a patient before and after the treatment of a HPV16 positive carcinoma over a predetermined period of time. In addition, an immunologic test in the form of a kit, with which the method can be performed.

Abstract: A method of collecting and detecting a tumor cell contained in a sample in distinction from a contaminant cell is provided. The tumor cell contained in the sample are collected and detected in distinction from the contaminant cell by detecting any of the following polypeptides or a gene encoding the polypeptide present in the sample: (i) a polypeptide containing at least the amino acid sequence of any of six sequences such as TM4SF1 (GenBank No. NP_055035.1) and TNFRSF12A (GenBank No. NP_057723.1); (ii) a polypeptide containing at least an amino acid sequence having a homology of not less than 70% to the amino acid sequence described above; and (iii) a polypeptide containing at least a splicing variant of the amino acid sequence (the amino acid sequence of (i) or (ii) described above).

Abstract: Provided are a pretreatment method for detecting the number of cells containing Ki-67 protein-positive nuclei using Ki-67 antibody; a method for the detection; a kit to be used in the detection method; and determination of a therapy regimen using the aforesaid method. Attempts were made to activate Ki-67 antigen with the use of an enzyme having been considered as inappropriate for the activation thereof. By pretreating a sample with an enzyme not recognizing the epitope of MIB-1 (a rare cutter enzyme), the antigen activation of Ki-67 antigen was enhanced, while enhancing the antigenicity of other antigens including a cytokeratin too. As a result, a method for more objectively and more universally quantifying Ki-67-positive cells at higher reproducibility, said method comprising isolating cell nuclei from an FFPE section while enhancing the antigenicity and performing a reaction between Ki-67 protein, i.e., the target, existing in the cell nuclei with a fluorescently labeled antibody, has been completed.

Abstract: In an embodiment, the invention provides a method of diagnosing infection in a subject. In an embodiment, the invention provides a method of determining the latency of infection in a subject. In an embodiment, the invention provides a method of determining the effectiveness of a vaccine against infection in a subject. In an embodiment, the invention provides a method of determining the severity of infection in a subject. In an embodiment, the invention provides a method of preventing or treating infection in a subject.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a reagent kit, a measurement kit, and a measurement method for immunologically measuring serum amyloid A with high accuracy and high sensitivity without using an alcohol designated as a hazardous material on the fire protection law. According to the present invention, provided is a reagent kit for measuring serum amyloid A, including first particles having a label and modified with a first binding substance having a property of specifically binding to serum amyloid A, and at least one nonionic surfactant having a molecular weight of 1000 or less.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a reagent kit, a measurement kit, and a measurement method for measuring serum amyloid A, which enable measurement having a high correlation of an increase in signal with respect to the concentration of serum amyloid A. According to the present invention, provided is a reagent kit for measuring serum amyloid A, including first particles having a label and modified with a first binding substance having a property of specifically binding to serum amyloid A, and at least one nonionic surfactant having an HLB value of 17 to 20, which is defined by (inorganicity value/organicity value)×10 and a molecular weight of 1000 or less.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a bioinformation processing analysis method for the identification and quantification of O-linked glycopeptide using high resolution mass spectrum. Particularly, according to the bioinformation processing analysis method of the present invention, the quantitative changes of O-linked glycopeptide containing non-informed sugar chains included in various samples can be efficiently and accurately analyzed; the prediction or diagnosis of disease including cancer can be made easy by using a high resolution mass spectrometer; or the investigation of O-linked glycopeptide structure of a therapeutic glycoprotein can be efficiently achieved.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method and apparatus for improvements of sample throughput in proteome analysis by mass spectrometry, by combining multiple non-overlapping isoelectric focusing separations.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods of assessing a patient's risk of developing Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML).

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to novel biomarkers useful for staging EHV-1 infections and immunity status of horses. This disclosure is further directed to methods of determining EHV-1 infection stage and immunity status of horses using the novel biomarkers.