Abstract: A method of beam steering is provided to address the squint effect that occurs in phased array antennas when wideband signals are transmitted. Beam steering weights are computed based on an optimization that takes into account performance at a set of frequencies across a bandwidth of interest, including at least endpoints of the bandwidth, and a design frequency.

Abstract: A method of operating a radio unit, RU, in a network node of a wireless communication system, the network node having a lower-layer split architecture and including a lower-layer split central unit, LLS-CU, includes receiving an uplink signal from a user equipment, UE, in response to the uplink signal, determining at the RU a set of beamforming weights defining an antenna beam from the RU to the UE, transmitting the uplink signal to the LLS-CU, and forming the antenna beam to the UE using the set of beamforming weights.

Abstract: A first device and second device communicate using mmWave communication with antenna alignment based on processing of ultra wide band (UWB) pulses. A limit on angle resolution due to a small number of antennas on either of the devices is relieved by using two or more carrier frequencies in the UWB pulses. A limit on angle resolution is further overcome in some situations by use of a neural network to refine angle estimates. In some situations, received power values are further used to select an angle for beam alignment.

Abstract: A design for reference signals dedicated for positioning measurements in UL and DL directions and a mechanism for Tx/Rx beam pair selection for positioning is disclosed. The design can improve performance of positioning operation in NR communication systems, can improve resource efficiency of positioning operation in NR communication systems, and can reduce the amount of resources needed for PRS transmission, reduce latency and increase the positioning measurement quality.

Abstract: A method for operating a user equipment (UE) comprises receiving information about a channel state information (CSI) report, the information including information about a parameter ?, wherein the parameter ? is a rational number?1; determining a value of K1 based on the parameter ?; selecting K1 CSI reference signal (CSI-RS) ports from a total of P CSI-RS ports; determining the CSI report including an indicator indicating the selected K1 CSI-RS ports; and transmitting the CSI report including the indicator indicating the selected K1 CSI-RS ports.

Abstract: A data processing method, a device, an apparatus, and a storage medium. The method includes: obtaining first Channel State Information (CSI); and determining second CSI in the first CSI according to first information. The first information includes at least one of: a non-zero Linear Combination (LC) coefficient, a frequency domain component, a polarization direction, and an order between layers.

Abstract: Information sending, information determining and relationship determining methods and devices are provided. According to the information sending method, a base station sends M parameter sets via high-layer signaling, wherein M>=1, M is a positive integer, each parameter set includes QCL NZP CSI-RS indication information, indicating a QCL NZP CSI-RS configuration, and comprises a frequency range information indicating a frequency range associated with the QCL NZP CSI-RS configuration, the QCL NZP CSI-RS configuration being used by a terminal to acquire a large-scale characteristic of a channel; and sends parameter set selection information via a physical layer control signal, where the terminal is triggered by the parameter set selection information to determine, according to the parameter set selection information and the QCL NZP CSI-RS indication information of a parameter set among the M parameter sets corresponding to the parameter selection information, QCL CSI-RS configuration of a DMRS.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a channel state information reporting method, a channel state information receiving method, a terminal, and a network side device. The reporting method includes: receiving codebook parameter information sent by a network side device; determining an enhanced Type II codebook structure according to the codebook parameter information; determining non-zero coefficient indication information according to the enhanced Type II codebook structure, the non-zero coefficient indication information is used to indicate non-zero coefficient related information in a combined coefficient matrix in the enhanced Type II codebook structure; sending the non-zero coefficient indication information to the network side device.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are system, method, and computer program product embodiments for performing beam failure recovery. An embodiment operates by detecting a beam failure on a secondary cell (SCell). The embodiment transmits, to a base station, a beam failure recovery request (BFRQ) for the SCell over a primary cell (PCell). The embodiment transmits the BFRQ for the SCell over a Primary Uplink Control Chanel (PUCCH), a Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH), or a Primary Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) over the PCell. The embodiment can transmit a schedule request (SR) to allocate a PUSCH over the PCell. The embodiment receives, from the base station, a response for the BFRQ for the SCell over the SCell or the PCell. The embodiment then uses a new beam for the SCell based on the response for the BFRQ for the SCell.

Abstract: Aspects described herein relate to determining one of multiple antenna panels to use to receive downlink beams based on whether a configuration from a base station indicates an antenna panel associated with the downlink beam or in determining a number of repetitions of a downlink beam to receive in beam refinement.

Abstract: A system for converging fifth generation (5G) communication systems for supporting higher data rates beyond fourth generation (4G) systems with a technology for Internet of things (IoT) is provided. The communication method and system may be applied to intelligent services based on the 5G communication technology and the IoT-related technology, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. A system is provided for determining system information validity by acquiring and storing a first system information block and other system information, including information on a public land mobile network (PLMN) identity and a value tag, and determining whether the stored system information is valid for the cell.

Abstract: Systems and methods described herein are provided for beamforming and uplink control and data transmission techniques. Such techniques enable a UE to maintain at least one beam process for operation with multiple beams and/or points. A beam process may be indicated for transmission or reception over a downlink or uplink physical channel. Power, timing, and channel state information may be specific to a beam process. A beam process may be established as part of a random access procedure in which resources may be provisioned in random access response messages. Techniques are provided to handle beam process failures, to use beam processes for mobility, and to select beams using open-loop and closed-loop selection procedures.

Abstract: When a TRP performs a TRP beam sweep for a WD with multiple antenna arrangements and the WD is expected to perform an UL transmission (e.g., the WD has at least a threshold amount of data in its transmit buffer) and UL beam selection is based on DL beam selection, in one embodiment the WD takes the available output power of the different antenna arrangements in to account during RSRP calculations for the different candidate TRP TX beams such that the RSRP from an antenna arrangement that has lower available output power is weighted less compared to the RSRP measured from an antenna arrangement that has higher available output power.

Abstract: A transmission method for transmitting a first modulated signal and a second modulated signal in the same frequency at the same time. Each signal has been modulated according to a different modulation scheme. The transmission method applies precoding on both signals using a fixed precoding matrix, applies different power change to each signal, and regularly changes the phase of at least one of the signals, thereby improving received data signal quality for a reception device.

Abstract: A pre-5th-Generation (5G) or 5G communication system to be provided for supporting higher data rates Beyond 4th-Generation (4G) communication system such as Long Term Evolution (LTE). Methods and systems for adapting beamwidth of beams on NR physical channels are provided. Alignment between beams of a UE and a gNB is created by refining beam codebooks. Phase shifters and PAs/LNAs of antenna elements are tuned for refining the beam codebooks. Strength of a signal, received through different RX beams, is determined based on RSRP/SINR associated with the different RX beams. A direction is determined, along which RSRPs/SINRs associated with consecutive RX beams is increasing. A pair of RX beams is determined, the RSRP/SINR associated with a first beam being greater than e RSRP/SINR associated with a second beam, and the RSRP/SINR associated with the first beam is the greatest along the determined direction.

Abstract: In a wireless communication device, which is mounted on a vehicle and performs wireless communication with a wireless communication device as a communication target using a plurality of frequency channels, the plurality of frequency channels includes a first channel and a second channel, and the first channel uses at least a radio signal of a polarization plane orthogonal to a polarization plane of a radio signal in the second channel.

Abstract: In a wireless communication network, an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) receives signaling for a wireless relay and transfers a slice request to a Network Slice Selection Function (NSSF). The NSSF transfers a network slice Identifier (ID) and relay slice IDs to the AMF. The AMF transfers the network slice ID and the relay slice IDs to a Session Management Function (SMF). The SMF instantiates a network User Plane Function (UPF) responsive to the network slice ID. The SMF instantiates relay UPFs in the wireless relay responsive to the relay slice IDs. The wireless relay wirelessly exchanges data with the UEs. The relay UPFs process the user data for the relay slices. The wireless relay wirelessly exchanges the user data with the wireless access node which exchanges the data with the network UPF. The network UPF processes the user data for the network slice.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods are provided for a wireless radio repeater for integration in an electric power distribution system. Such a system may include an electrical measurement device and a wireless radio repeater. The electrical measurement device may be installed on a power line of an electric power distribution system, obtain an electrical measurement of the power line of the electric power distribution system, and transmit a wireless message indicating the electrical measurement. The wireless radio repeater may receive the wireless message from the electrical measurement device and re-transmit the wireless message to a control system of the electric power distribution system or to another wireless radio repeater to assist in sending the wireless message to the control system of the electric power distribution system.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of operating a transmitting network node, in particular a transmitting Integrated Access and Backhaul, IAB, node, in a wireless communication network, the method comprising transmitting discovery reference signaling for a discovering IAB node based on a received discovery transmission request. The disclosure also pertains to related methods and devices.

Abstract: In one embodiment of the present disclosure, a device for detecting a zone of communication between a user terminal and a satellite constellation including a plurality of satellites in non-geosynchronous (non-GEO) orbit includes one or more processors and memory. The memory stores instructions that, as a result of being executed by the one or more processors, cause the device to: determine a location of the device, wherein the location corresponds to a field of regard for detecting the zone of communication, and wherein the field of regard corresponds to an antenna aperture of the phased array antenna; evaluate a level of communication between the phased array antenna and the satellite constellation associated with the field of regard; and output, to a user of the device, an indication of the level of communication between the phased array antenna and the satellite constellation associated with the field of regard.

Abstract: Systems and methods for operating a multi-band satellite terminal are disclosed. One aspect disclosed features a method, comprising: controlling a multi-band satellite terminal capable of receiving signals on a plurality of frequency bands to receive a signal transmitted by a satellite on a first frequency band of the plurality of frequency bands; determining link conditions of the first frequency band based on the received signal; generating an estimate of link conditions of a second frequency band of the plurality of frequency bands, wherein the estimate is generated based on the link conditions of the first frequency band; selecting the second frequency band based on the estimate of the link conditions of the second frequency band; and controlling the multi-band satellite ground terminal to receive the signal transmitted by the satellite on the second frequency band.

Abstract: A computational framework for designing a constellation that includes a plurality of cube satellites (CubeSats) includes an orbit propagation module, a coverage estimation module, a connectivity estimation module and an annealing module. The orbit propagation module receives a plurality of static parameters for the constellation and determines a position vector, a ground track and sub-satellite points for each of the plurality of CubeSats. The coverage estimation module receives the plurality of static parameters for the constellation and estimates Earth coverage for the constellation. The connectivity estimation module receives the plurality of static parameters for the constellation and determines active inter-satellite links (ISL) in the constellation. The annealing module receives input from the orbit propagation module, the coverage estimation module and the connectivity module and employs an annealing algorithm that generates a constellation design.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a wireless base station includes a transmitter and a receiver. The transmitter transmits a control signal and one or more operation signals to the second wireless communication terminal. The control signal instructs to transmit a signal that requests terminal-to-terminal communication between a first wireless communication terminal and the second wireless communication terminal. The operation signals are used for operating at least a part of the first wireless communication terminal. The receiver is capable of receiving at least one of a response signal or a data signal transmitted from the first wireless communication terminal to the second wireless communication terminal after the operation signals are transmitted.

Abstract: Provided are a communication monitoring method and a communication monitoring apparatus capable of an operation of identifying a coated optical fiber regardless of a propagation direction of an optical signal even before communication between an OLT and an ONU is opened.

Abstract: A performance monitor configured to unify at least two different signal-quality estimates into a single performance metric such that a systematic error associated with the performance metric can be approximately constant or smaller than a specified fixed limit over a significantly wider range of data-link conditions than that of a conventional performance metric of similar utility. In an example embodiment, the performance metric can be based on a weighted sum of two different SNR estimates, obtained from an error count of the receiver's FEC decoder and from a constellation scatter plot generated using the receiver's symbol decoder, respectively. Different weights for the weighted sum may be selected for different data-link conditions, e.g., using SNR thresholding, analytical formulas, or pre-computed look-up tables. The performance metric may be supplied to a control entity and considered thereby as a factor in a possible decision to trigger protective switching and/or a transponder-mode change.

Abstract: A data transmission apparatus and a mobile terminal. The data transmission apparatus comprises a radio frequency front-end module, a Li-Fi front-end module, a first transceiver, and a first baseband protocol processor. The first baseband protocol processor generates, according to information to be transmitted, wireless fidelity Wi-Fi transmission information or Li-Fi transmission information, and then controls the first transceiver to mix the Wi-Fi transmission information to a first frequency and transmits the same by means of the radio frequency front-end module, or controls the first transceiver to mix the Li-Fi transmission information to a second frequency and transmits the same by means of the Li-Fi front-end module.

Abstract: The present application is applied for the field of optical networking technologies, and provides an optical networking method, an optical communication device and an optical networking system, which can use natural light to realize optical networking communication between optical communication devices and can effectively prevent interference from electromagnetic signals.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining an interference in a transmission medium during a transmission of a data input signal according to an embodiment has a transform module configured to transform the data input signal from a time domain to a frequency domain comprising a plurality of frequency channels to obtain a frequency-domain data signal comprising a plurality of spectral coefficients, wherein each spectral coefficient is assigned to one of the frequency channels, an analysis module configured to determine the interference by determining one or more spectral interference coefficients, wherein each spectral interference coefficient is assigned to one frequency channel.

Abstract: A method, system and apparatus for optimizing parameters between two optical coherent transceivers connected via an optical link, including determining performance of a second optical receiver; wherein the second optical transceiver uses a set of parameters; and inputting information into a side channel communication between a first optical transceiver and the second optical transceiver to update the set of parameters for the second transceiver.

Abstract: A clock synchronization apparatus, an optical transmitter, an optical receiver, and a clock synchronization method are provided. In the clock synchronization apparatus, a digital interpolator adjusts a sampling clock frequency of a digital signal under sampling clock control of a clock control circuit.

Abstract: An optical transmitter includes quadrature modulators and light receiving elements to which inverted output light of output light from the quadrature modulators is input, the quadrature modulators including parent Mach-Zehnder modulators in respective paths of a first pair of paths into which carrier light from a light source is split, the parent Mach-Zehnder modulators including child Mach-Zehnder modulators including first phase modulation units, and second phase modulation units.

Abstract: An optical device includes: lasers output first light from a front-end side and output second light from a rear-end side; an optical multiplexer circuit multiplex respective rays of the first light, to thereby send out output light; waveguides guide respective rays of the second light toward one end face of the optical device; and light detectors receive respective rays of reflected light that are due to reflection of the respective rays of the second light after being guided by the waveguides, on the one end face or on respective inclined end faces in concave portions formed on that one end face. The light detector is located between the rear-end side of the laser and the one end face or the inclined end face, and the second light is outputted diagonally relative to a perpendicular line with respect to the one end face or the inclined end face.

Abstract: Consistent with an aspect of the present disclosure, electrical signals or digital subcarriers are generated in a DSP based on independent input data streams. Drive signals are generated based on the digital subcarriers, and such drive signals are applied to an optical modulator, including, for example, a Mach-Zehnder modulator. The optical modulator modulates light output from a laser based on the drive signals to supply optical subcarriers corresponding to the digital subcarriers. These optical subcarriers may be received by optical receivers provided at different locations in an optical communications network, where the optical subcarrier may be processed, and the input data stream associated with such optical subcarrier is output. Accordingly, instead of providing multiple lasers and modulators, for example, data is carried by individual subcarriers output from an optical source including one laser and modulator. Thus, a cost associated with the network may be reduced.

Abstract: Consistent with an aspect of the present disclosure, electrical signals or digital subcarriers are generated in a DSP based on independent input data streams. Drive signals are generated based on the digital subcarriers, and such drive signals are applied to an optical modulator, including, for example, a Mach-Zehnder modulator. The optical modulator modulates light output from a laser based on the drive signals to supply optical subcarriers corresponding to the digital subcarriers. These optical subcarriers may be received by optical receivers provided at different locations in an optical communications network, where the optical subcarrier may be processed, and the input data stream associated with such optical subcarrier is output. Accordingly, instead of providing multiple lasers and modulators, for example, data is carried by individual subcarriers output from an optical source including one laser and modulator. Thus, a cost associated with the network may be reduced.

Abstract: A method and structure for equalization in coherent optical receivers. Block-based LMS (BLMS) algorithm is one of the many efficient adaptive equalization algorithms used to (i) increase convergence speed and (ii) reduce implementation complexity. Since the computation of the equalizer output and the gradient of the error are obtained using a linear convolution, BLMS can be efficiently implemented in the frequency domain with the constrained frequency-domain BLMS (FBLMS) adaptive algorithm. The present invention introduces a novel reduced complexity constrained FBLMS algorithm. This new approach replaces the two discrete Fourier transform (DFT) stages required to evaluate the DFT of the gradient error, by a simple frequency domain filtering. Implementation complexity can be drastically reduced in comparison to the standard constrained FBLMS. Furthermore, the new approach achieves better performance than that obtained with the unconstrained FBLMS in ultra-high speed coherent optical receivers.

Abstract: When a frequency deviation compensation amount is compensated for by use of frequency shift, a phase offset occurs between adjacent input blocks included in a plurality of input blocks as divided, with the result that an error occurs in a reconstructed bit sequence. A frequency deviation compensation system of the invention is characterized by comprising: a frequency deviation compensation means for compensating for a frequency deviation occurring in a signal by use of frequency shift; and a phase offset compensation means for compensating for a phase offset occurring, in the signal, due to the frequency shift.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes receiving at a remote network device, power and data from a central network device, wherein the power is used to power the remote network device, performing auto-negotiation with the central network device, wherein the auto-negotiation includes operating the remote network device in a low voltage mode during fault sensing of a power circuit at the remote network device, and selecting a power operating mode, wherein selecting the power operating mode includes selecting a high voltage mode if no fault is detected during the fault sensing, the high voltage mode comprising DC (direct current) pulse power. An apparatus is also disclosed herein.

Abstract: Disclosed are an ultrasonic processing method and apparatus, an electronic device, and a computer-readable medium, wherein same relate to the technical field of mobile terminals. The method includes: when it is monitored that an electronic device outputs a ringing sound, acquiring audio data of an ultrasonic signal received by an ultrasonic receiving apparatus, wherein the ultrasonic signal is a signal that is transmitted by an ultrasonic transmitting apparatus and returned after same is reflected by an object; determining, according to the audio data, a change in the distance between the electronic device and the object; and adjusting the volume of the ringing according to the change in the distance.

Abstract: The present disclosure includes ingestible devices. In some examples, an ingestible device is presented that includes a framework, a control device secured to the framework, and a partial power source. The partial power source may include a first digestible material secured to the framework and electrically coupled to the control device, and a second digestible material electrically isolated from and dissimilar to the first digestible material, electrically coupled to the control device, and secured to the framework. The partial power source may be configured to provide power to the control device when the first and second digestible materials come in contact with a conductive fluid. The control device, after being provided power by the first and second digestible materials, may be configured to alter conductance between the first and second digestible materials to produce a current signature through the conductive fluid that is detectable by a receiver.

Abstract: Embodiments are disclosed for a sequence selective symbol checker for communication systems. An example method includes configuring a symbol checker of a receiver with first binary sequence data generated by a symbol generator of the receiver. The example method also includes comparing, using the symbol checker, second binary sequence data provided by a transmitter to the first binary sequence data to generate error count data related to a number of errors for symbols associated with the second binary sequence data. The example method also includes determining total count data related to a number of symbols associated with the first binary sequence data. The example method also includes determining error ratio data associated with the transmitter based on the error count data and the total count data.

Abstract: A transmission channel calibration apparatus and a wireless communications device are provided, to calibrate a transmission channel in a system. The apparatus includes: a first measured channel, a second measured channel, a first reference channel, and a second reference channel, where the first measured channel and the second measured channel are symmetrically arranged, and the first reference channel and the second reference channel are symmetrically arranged; and a vector detection unit, configured to: when the first measured channel transmits a first signal, perform detection based on a first feedback signal and a second feedback signal that are respectively output by the first reference channel and the second reference channel, to obtain a first signal vector and a second signal vector; and when the second measured channel transmits the first signal, perform detection based on a third feedback signal.

Abstract: A method, a computer-readable medium, and an apparatus are provided for wireless communication at a user equipment. The UE receives an indication from a base station that a medium access control-control element (MAC-CE) activation of a pathloss reference signal is enabled. The UE receives a MAC-CE activating the pathloss reference signal. The UE determines the pathloss reference signal based on the MAC-CE and the indication that indicates that the MAC-CE activation of the pathloss reference signal is enabled. Then, the UE estimates a downlink pathloss based on the pathloss reference signal that is activated by the MAC-CE.

Abstract: Provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure are a measurement method and device, the method comprising: providing a first resource and a second resource to a terminal, wherein the first resource is used for the terminal to measure the reference signal receiving power of a downlink beam, and the second resource is used for the terminal to measure the interference of the downlink beam.

Abstract: Some embodiments of this disclosure include apparatuses and methods for measuring and/or reporting UE-to-UE crosslink interference (CLI). In some embodiments, a communication network may use transmission reception points (TRPs) to facilitate communications for user equipment (UE). A first TRP may command a first UE to transmit a crosslink interference reference signal (CLI-RS) according to a particular time behavior. A second TRP may command a second UE to measure UE-to-UE CLI using the CLI-RS and the time behavior. The second UE may then report the measured CLI indicating a level of interference caused by the first UE.

Abstract: A scheme for identifying wireless devices by capturing out-of-band information in addition to in-band information from wireless devices for enabling accurate classification of wireless devices. Both the in-band and out-of-band spectrum emissions of the received signal are used to capture hardware signatures and features. These hardware signatures are used to discriminate different wireless devices uniquely and efficiently, even when the devices have the same hardware with significantly reduced distortions. The out-of-band information can be extracted using radios with software defined capabilities. Deep learning-based device classification technique is applied that uses IQ samples collected from the RF signals to efficiently identify and classify high-performing transmitters that have the same, minimally distorted hardware components.

Abstract: A communication system includes a master device and a plurality of slave devices. Each slave device stores a synchronization period and a correction amount of a difference between a time of the master device and a time of the slave device. The master device acquires the correction amount from the slave device, calculates a correspondence relationship between a synchronization period and the correction amount based on the correction amount, calculates a target synchronization period in the slave device based on the correspondence relationship, classifies each slave device into a plurality of groups based on the target synchronization period in each slave device, and sets a maximum target synchronization period among the target synchronization periods of at least one slave device classified into each group to a new synchronization period in which the master device performs the time synchronization along with the at least one slave device.

Abstract: System and techniques for synchronizing a real-time clock and a network clock are described herein. A network device maintains an always running time (ART) replica of an ART in a compute system. The network device samples network time updates (e.g., precision time protocol messages) and the ART replica to produce error correction of the ART replica to the network time. The error correction is written to memory of the compute device to enable high precision synchronization between clock sources local to the compute device and the network time.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure provide signalling that enables adaptively selecting a transmission scheme for different scenarios. Examples of the transmission schemes that may be selected from include beamforming, a channel modulation transmission scheme, (such as media-based modulation (MBM) or spatial modulation (SM)) or a hybrid of those two transmission schemes. The methods provided herein may apply to uplink, downlink, sidelink or backhaul scenarios.

Abstract: A service packet transmission method and apparatus, the method including receiving, by the source mobile edge computing network element, after a source mobile edge computing network element receives a second uplink service packet, a first uplink service packet sent by a source user plane network element and that is from a target user plane network element, where the second uplink service packet is the last uplink service packet sent by the source mobile edge computing network element to a source application server, sending, by the source mobile edge computing network element, the first uplink service packet to a target mobile edge computing network element, and sending, by the source mobile edge computing network element, first indication information to the target mobile edge computing network element, the first indication information indicating that the sending of the first uplink service packet by the source mobile edge computing network element ends.

Abstract: A communication method and system for converging a 5th-generation (5G) communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4th-generation (4G) system with a technology for internet of things (IoT) are provided. The disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on the 5G communication technology and the IoT-related technology, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. The method and apparatus for polar encoding and rate-matching are disclosed.