Abstract: The invention relates to an electronic system for an accelerometer having a piezoelectric element and a first mechanical resonance frequency, comprising: a) a damping circuit configured to: —receive an acceleration signal from the piezoelectric element; —electronically dampen an amplitude of the first mechanical resonance frequency; and—generate a damped acceleration signal, b) an extender configured to: —receive the damped acceleration signal; —extend the frequency response; and—output an extended damped acceleration signal, wherein the extender is configured to have a first electronic anti-resonance frequency matching the damped first mechanical resonance frequency, and to have a frequency response between the first electronic anti-resonance frequency and a higher second frequency that is substantially opposite to a corresponding frequency response of the combination of the accelerometer and the damping circuit.

Abstract: Systems and methods for conducting critical dimension metrology are disclosed. According to certain embodiments, a charged particle beam apparatus generates a beam for imaging a first area and a second area. Measurements are acquired corresponding to a first feature in the first area, and measurements are acquired corresponding to a second feature in the second area. The first area and the second area are at separate locations on a sample. A combined measurement is calculated based on the measurements of the first feature and the measurements of the second feature.

Abstract: A method of metrology target design is described. The method includes determining a sensitivity of a parameter of a metrology target design to a perturbation of a process parameter for forming, or measuring the formation of, the metrology target, and determining a robustness of the metrology target design based on the sum of the sensitivity multiplied by the perturbation of at least one of the process parameters.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and an intermediate layer disposed between the first and second substrates. The intermediate layer is configured to be a first point of failure or breakage of the apparatus under an applied force. The apparatus can further include a bonding layer disposed between the first and second substrates. The bonding layer is configured to bond the intermediate layer to the first and second substrates. The apparatus can further include a fastener coupled to the first and second substrates. The fastener is configured to secure the intermediate layer to the first and second substrates. The intermediate layer can include a coating applied to the first substrate or the second substrate. The apparatus can further include a second intermediate layer disposed between the first substrate and the fastener or the second substrate and the fastener.

Abstract: The present invention provides a testing substrate (W) for estimating stress in production substrates due to a substrate support, said testing substrate having a support surface (SS) divided into predefined portions, wherein the predefined portions comprise at least one first portion (1) having a first coefficient of friction being substantially uniform across the at least one first portion, and at least one second portion (2) having a second coefficient of friction being substantially uniform across the at least one second portion, wherein the second coefficient of friction is different to the first coefficient of friction. The present invention also provides a method for estimating stress in a substrate due to a substrate support and a system for making such an estimation.

Abstract: An immersion lithographic apparatus is disclosed in which at least a part of the liquid supply system (which provides liquid between the projection system and the substrate) is moveable in a plane substantially parallel to a top surface of the substrate during scanning. The part is moved to reduce the relative velocity between that part and the substrate so that the speed at which the substrate may be moved relative to the projection system may be increased.

Abstract: A target debris collection device for extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light source apparatus, includes a baffle body extending within an EUV vessel between a collector and an outlet port of the EUV vessel to allow EUV light reflected from the collector to pass through an internal transmissive region thereof, a discharge plate provided in a first end portion of the baffle body adjacent to the collector to collect the target material debris on an inner surface of the baffle body, a guide structure to guide the target material debris collected in the discharge plate to a collection tank, and a first heating member provided in the guide structure to prevent the target material debris from being solidified.

Abstract: A solution treatment apparatus for applying a coating solution onto a substrate, includes: a holder holding and rotating the substrate; a coating solution supplier supplying the coating solution to the substrate on the holder; and an inner cup surrounding the holder from a lateral side and having a peripheral edge side upper surface inclining down outward in a radial direction from an apex part located below a peripheral edge side of the substrate on the holder, wherein: the inner cup has a plurality of discharge ports formed along a circumferential direction at the apex part; and the discharge ports are formed to discharge a cleaning solution and make the cleaning solution flow down along the peripheral edge side upper surface of the inner cup, thereby cleaning the peripheral edge side upper surface, and to discharge the cleaning solution outward in the radial direction and obliquely upward.

Abstract: A toner includes toner particles. The toner particles each include a toner mother particle and an external additive attached to the surface of the toner mother particle. The external additive includes specific external additive particles. The specific external additive particles have a number average primary particle diameter of at least 30 nm and no greater than 305 nm. The specific external additive particles include antimony-doped tin oxide particles or indium tin oxide particles. A ratio (MSb/(MSn+MSb)) of a mass (MSb) of an antimony atom to a total of the mass (MSb) of the antimony atom and a mass (MSn) of a tin atom in the antimony-doped tin oxide particles is at least 4% by mass and no greater than 46% by mass.

Abstract: A pale-color toner includes toner particles. The toner particles each include a toner mother particle and an external additive attached to a surface of the toner mother particle. The external additive includes specific external additive particles. The specific external additive particles have a number average primary particle diameter of at least 30 nm and no greater than 305 nm. The specific external additive particles include antimony-doped tin oxide particles. A ratio (MSb/(MSn+MSb)) of a mass (MSb) of an antimony atom to a total of the mass (MSb) of the antimony atom and a mass (MSn) of a tin atom in the antimony-doped tin oxide particles is at least 4% by mass and no greater than 31% by mass.

Abstract: The toner includes an external additive adhering to the surface of a toner particle. The external additive contains fine powder in which the surface of a core derived by addition of silica to strontium titanate is hydrophobized with a silane compound, and silica.

Abstract: Described herein is magenta ink composition, comprising a pigment consisting of one or more quinacridone pigments; a resin; and a polymeric amine dispersant having a Total Base Number of at least 300 mg KOH/gram. Also described herein is a method of printing comprising applying the magenta ink composition to a substrate, and a printed substrate comprising the magenta ink composition.

Abstract: A movable member includes a frame, a mounting portion, a rotatable image bearing member, a charging member, and a cleaning member. The cleaning member includes a base portion including a first surface positioned on one side of the frame, a second surface positioned on the other side of the frame, and a third surface, and includes a projected portion. The projected portion includes a first side surface positioned on the aforementioned the other side and a second side surface positioned on the aforementioned one side. The first side surface is positioned between the first surface and the second surface. The first side surface constitutes an end surface of the projected portion on the aforementioned the other side with respect to the axial direction, and the second side surface constitutes an end surface of the projected portion on the aforementioned one side with respect to the axial direction.

Abstract: A light source adjustment apparatus is disclosed. The light source adjustment apparatus includes processing apparatus to receive a scanned image of a pattern printed by a print apparatus onto a printable medium, the pattern including a plurality of blocks of print agent of a first colour printed during a printing operation in which light sources of a light source array irradiate a photoconductive surface; analyse the scanned image to identify a region of non-uniformity within the plurality of blocks of print agent; correlate a location of the identified region of non-uniformity with a corresponding light source in the light source array; determine, based on the identified region of non-uniformity, an adjustment to be made to a parameter of the corresponding light source; and generate a signal to effect the determined parameter adjustment with regard to the corresponding light source. A method and a print apparatus are also disclosed.

Abstract: A light source device applicable to a printer/copier includes a light source, an optical circuit board, a light source support, an outer cover, and a light source control panel, wherein the light source is fixed on the light source support; the light source support and the light source are mounted in the outer cover; the light source control panel is fixed on the outer cover; the light source is connected to the light source control panel; the optical circuit board is provided at a side opposite to the light source; and the optical circuit board is fixed on the outer cover. The light source device applicable to the printer/copier of the present invention has a simple structure, and realizes data output by controlling the point corresponding switches on the optical circuit board, and effectively improves the printing and copying speed and accuracy.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member, a charging member to charge a surface of the image bearing member, an exposure unit, a developing member to form a toner image, a transfer member, an irradiation unit, and a blocking member. The irradiation unit includes a light source provided at one end of the irradiation unit in a rotation axial direction of the image bearing member and a guide that guides a light source emitted light in the rotation axial direction. The irradiation unit irradiates the surface of the image bearing member with the light after the transfer member transfers the toner image to a transfer-receiving member. The blocking member blocks the light irradiated from the irradiation unit in the rotation axial direction. The blocking member is configured so that a quantity of blocking the light irradiated from the irradiation unit is different in the rotation axial direction.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a first container configured to accommodate a liquid developer for replenishment to a developing container, a second container configured to accommodate a charge control agent for replenishment to the first container, a driving unit configured to be driven so as to replenish the charge control agent accommodated in the second container to the first container, and a control unit configured to control the driving unit based on image coverage of an output image so that a concentration of the charge control agent in the liquid developer accommodated in the first container becomes a predetermined value.

Abstract: An image forming device may comprise: an attaching unit to which a removable toner bottle is attached; a toner storage that stores toner supplied from the toner bottle attached to the attaching unit; a detector that detects an empty state of toner in the toner storage; and a hardware processor that: supplies toner to the toner storage from the toner bottle when the toner bottle attached to the attaching unit is new; and switches a state of the toner bottle to an old state from a new state if the empty state detected by the detector is released.

Abstract: A developing device includes a frame, a cylindrical developer carrying member, and a regulating member including a contact portion. When a position of the contact portion where a maximum of a pressure distribution of the contact portion to the developer carrying member with respect to a rotational direction of the developer carrying member is indicated is a reference position, the contact portion includes a first region positioned upstream of the reference position and a second region positional downstream of the reference position with respect to the rotational direction. The contact portion has surface roughness smaller in the first region than in the second region. The surface roughness in the second region is 20% or less of an average particle size of toner particles contained in the developer.

Abstract: A transcriber includes an intermediate transfer belt, a driving roller being in contact with an internal surface of the intermediate transfer belt and to circulate it, a plurality of primary transfer members to primarily transfer toner images formed by image formers onto an external surface of the intermediate transfer belt, a secondary transfer member disposed so as to abut on the intermediate transfer belt on the driving roller and to secondarily transfer the toner images that are primarily transferred onto the intermediate transfer belt onto a sheet, and a belt presser pressed against the intermediate transfer belt on a downstream side from a position where the secondary transfer member abuts on the intermediate transfer belt in a circulation direction thereof and from an external side of the intermediate transfer belt, wherein when not forming the images, the belt presser is released from the intermediate transfer belt.

Abstract: A transfer device includes: a transfer member to which a voltage is applied by a power supply device to generate a transfer electric field for transferring a developer image to a recording medium; a transfer cylinder having a recess in which a retaining member that retains a leading end portion of the recording medium is disposed, the transfer electric field being generated between the transfer cylinder and the transfer member at a transfer position; a shunt circuit by which the voltage applied to the transfer member is shunted to a reference potential point; and an operation stopping mechanism that starts and stops an operation of the shunt circuit in response to rotation of the transfer cylinder, the operation being started when the recess reaches the transfer position and stopped when the recess leaves the transfer position.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member, a transfer member, a voltage applying portion applying a voltage to the transfer member, and a controller. The controller starts a control operation applying a control voltage to the transfer member before the toner image is transferred to the transferred member from the image bearing member. On the basis of a coverage ratio indicating a ratio occupied by an image region per predetermined area regarding the toner image transferred to the transferred member from the image bearing member, the controller determines execution or non-execution of the control operation capable of being started before the toner image is transferred to the transferred member.

Abstract: In a case where a transfer roller is viewed from a direction orthogonal to a rotation axis direction of a shaft, the shaft includes in a longitudinal direction a first contact portion which is provided on an end portion side of an elastic portion and in which the shaft and the elastic portion are in contact with each other and a second contact portion which is provided on a more inner side than the first contact portion and in which the shaft and the elastic portion are in contact with each other. The transfer roller includes a void between the first contact portion and the second contact portion in the longitudinal direction, and the void is arranged at least on a more inner side than an end portion of a transfer material having a maximum size.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: an image forming unit that includes a first drum supporting a recording medium and a first rotating body disposed at an axial end of the first drum, and that is configured to form an image on the recording medium; a fixing unit that includes a second drum supporting the recording medium and a second rotating body disposed at an axial end of the second drum, and that is configured to fix the image to the recording medium by heating or drying the recording medium; and a transport unit that includes a rotating member stretched between the first rotating body and the second rotating body and rotating with rotation of the first rotating body and the second rotating body and a holding unit attached to the rotating member and holding the recording medium, and that is configured to transport the recording medium from the image forming unit to the fixing unit by the rotation of the rotating member.

Abstract: An endless belt includes a loop-shaped support and a surface layer formed on the support. The surface layer contains a polymer including, as monomer units, a first monomer having a polymerizable group and an aliphatic ring, a second monomer having a polymerizable group and a fluorine atom, and a third monomer having 4 or more polymerizable groups.

Abstract: A roller used in a fixing device includes a rubber layer including a plurality of void portions, pore passage portions connecting the void portions, and a filler, wherein an aspect ratio RA of the filler is 2.5?RA?215, and a linear expansion coefficient of the rubber layer is less than or equal to 400×10?6/K.

Abstract: A decurling device includes: a rotary body: an endless correction belt configured to correct curl of a recording medium passing between the rotary body and the correction belt; and a pressure contact unit disposed inside the correction belt, an opposite surface of the pressure contact unit to the rotary body being supported by a support unit so as to be in pressure contact with the rotary body, in which a center portion, in an axial direction of the rotary body, of at least one of a contact portion of the pressure contact unit or a contact portion of the support unit further protrudes toward the other of the contact portion of the pressure contact unit and the contact portion of the support unit than both end portions thereof.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes image forming units having unit identification data, unit attachment portions having attachment portion identification data, an acquisition unit, a calculator, a storage unit, a controller, and a notification unit. The acquisition unit acquires data set of the two types of data. The calculator calculates data that are correction data for correcting image forming conditions or data on corrected image forming conditions. The storage unit stores the data set and the calculation data corresponding to the data set. The controller executes a data reuse control of controlling the image forming units using the calculation data that are stored in the storage unit and correspond to the data set after the data set is changed. The notification unit notifies execution-related information on execution of the data reuse control before the data reuse control.

Abstract: The control unit executes a mode of detecting the image density of the toner image for control. The control unit sets the target toner density so that the target toner density becomes smaller than before execution of the mode and also set the target transfer current so that the target transfer current becomes smaller, in a case where the image density detected in the mode is higher by a predetermined threshold or more than a reference density.

Abstract: An example photodetector for detecting fluorescent toner includes a light emitting unit to emit light to a toner image, and a light receiving unit. The light receiving unit is to detect visible light reflected by the toner image, detect that the toner image includes the fluorescent toner based on the detection of the visible light, the visible light generated by the fluorescent toner and having a predetermined wavelength band different from a wavelength band of the emitted light, and output a signal corresponding to the detection of the fluorescent toner.

Abstract: A cover that covers side surfaces of a document conveyance path and a paper feeder in a direction orthogonal to a document conveyance direction and a notifier that notifies information on a document placement section are included. The cover has a first side surface disposed along the document conveyance direction and a second side surface disposed from an end of the first side surface on the paper feeder side toward the document placement section. The notifier includes a displayer that displays the information by light. The displayer includes a first displayer disposed on the first side surface and a second displayer disposed on the second side surface toward the document placement section. The first displayer and the second displayer each have a horizontal length that is longer than a vertical length.

Abstract: A decurling device includes: a pair of decurling units configured to correct curl of a recording medium by sandwiching the recording medium; a switching unit configured to switch the pair of decurling units between a first state in which a pressure contact force is relatively large and a second state in which the pressure contact force is smaller than that in the first state; a release unit configured to release a pressure contact between the pair of decurling units; and a restricting unit configured to restrict release of the pressure contact between the pair of decurling units when the pair of decurling units are in the first state.

Abstract: A gloss treatment device includes an endless belt to convey a print medium in a conveyance direction, a heating roller to heat the print medium, a pressing roller to press the print medium and the endless belt against the heating roller at a nip position, and a charging device located upstream the nip position in the conveyance direction, to charge the print medium with an electrostatic charge.

Abstract: A cleaning device includes: a brush-like rotation body that collects residual toner adhering to a photoreceptor from the photoreceptor and holds the residual toner; a collection member that is disposed so as to be in contact with the brush-like rotation body and collects the residual toner held by the brush-like rotation body from the brush-like rotation body; a blade member that scrapes off the residual toner collected by the collection member from the collection member; a conveyance member that is disposed below the brush-like rotation body and the collection member and conveys the residual toner scraped off from the collection member by the blade member; and a restriction part that is disposed above the conveyance member and restricts contact of the conveyance member with the brush-like rotation body and the collection member.

Abstract: Provided is an image forming device includes a top plate that is part of a case of a body of the image forming device. An opening is formed on the top plate, and the opening is processed by burring.

Abstract: A UV holographic imaging device offers a low-cost, portable and robust technique to image and distinguish protein crystals from salt crystals, without the need for any expensive and bulky optical components. This “on-chip” device uses a UV LED and a consumer-grade CMOS image sensor de-capped and interfaced to a processor or microcontroller, the information from the crystal samples, which are placed very close to the sensor active area, is captured in the form of in-line holograms and extracted through digital back-propagation. In these holographic amplitude and/or phase reconstructions, protein crystals appear significantly darker compared to the background due to the strong UV absorption, unlike salt crystals, enabling one to clearly distinguish protein and salt crystals. The on-chip UV holographic microscope serves as a low-cost, sensitive, and robust alternative to conventional lens-based UV-microscopes used in protein crystallography.

Abstract: A method is provided. The method includes directing a first beam to a polarization sensitive recording medium. The method also includes directing a second beam to the polarization sensitive recording medium to interfere with the first beam to generate a polarization interference pattern, to which the polarization sensitive recording medium is exposed. One of the first beam and the second beam has a planar wavefront and the other has a non-planar wavefront. A first propagation direction of the first beam and a second propagation of the second beam are non-parallel.

Abstract: A method for transmitting data representative of a digital hologram represented by a set of atoms each having a diffraction spectrum in a plane of observation includes the following steps: determining an order for sets each including at least one atom, as a function of a distance, in the plane of observation, between a position of observation and a position associated to the involved set; and transmitting, for a part at least of the sets and in the determined order, descriptive data of the at least one atom included in the involved set. An associated transmission device is also described.

Abstract: Differential Holography technology measures the amplitude and/or phase of, e.g., an incident linearly polarized spatially coherent quasi-monochromatic optical field by optically computing the first derivative of the field and linearly mapping it to an irradiance signal detectable by an image sensor. This information recorded on the image sensor is then recovered by a simple algorithm. In some embodiments, an input field is split into two or more beams to independently compute the horizontal and vertical derivatives using amplitude gradient filters in orthogonal orientations) for detection on one image sensor in separate regions of interest (ROIs) or on multiple image sensors. A third unfiltered beam recorded in a third ROI directly measures amplitude variations in the input field to numerically remove its contribution as noise before recovering the original wavefront using a numerical in algorithm.

Abstract: Delivering pre-rendered holographic content over a network is disclosed. A first camera view segment of a plurality of camera view segments that compose a holographic video is selected. Each camera view segment corresponds to a different camera view perspective of a scene and includes rendered holographic content that depicts a plurality of concurrent different viewer perspectives of the scene. The first camera view segment is streamed toward a holographic display for presentation of the first camera view segment on the holographic display.

Abstract: A device for determining the position of a horological display, including a control device coordinating a time base and shape recognition device and optical acquisition device identifying this display and monitoring its travel in order to code its instantaneous position in relation to a fixed guide-mark, and controlling entries of its position at distinct instants in order to determine its mobility in relation to the fixed guide-mark, and including a device for determining the depth position of the display in relation to the fixed guide-mark, including a device for controlling the position of the optical acquisition device and/or device for controlling the focus of the optical acquisition device, and/or at least additional optical acquisition device coupled with the optical acquisition device to interferentially monitor the same display.

Abstract: A timepiece resonator including an inertial element moveable in relation to a fixed structure, and suspended to a flexible guide including flexible strips crossed in projection on a plane XY at a single crossing zone ZC, each one deformable in a plane parallel to the plane XY each one extending in a ribbon on either side of a neutral surface perpendicular to the plane XY and joining the first recess with the structure and the second recess with the inertial element, and including at least one rib asymmetrical in relation to its neutral surface, and, at the crossing zone ZC, either each flexible strip does not include any rib, or each rib is asymmetrical in relation to its neutral surface.

Abstract: A system (90) for driving and holding in position a mobile unit (50) for displaying time or time derivative information includes: a device (80) for driving a mobile unit (50) including a driving cam (13) and a driving lever (30) provided to drive a driving member (23), a device (40) for holding a mobile unit (50) in position, a device (70) for activating and deactivating the position-holding device (40) including a deactivation cam (22), and a device (12, 21) for mechanically coupling or synchronizing the driving cam (13) and the deactivation cam (22).

Abstract: A display device for a timepiece representing the lunar libration phenomenon thanks to at least one Moon disk, to at least one aperture and to at least one drive organ. The at least one Moon disk includes a set of Moon phase representations including at least three Moon phases with a first surface, a second surface and/or a delimitation configured to delimit this first surface and this second surface. The at least one aperture being configured to reveal this set of Moon phase representations and this at least one drive organ is configured to move this at least one Moon disk so as to represent the lunar libration phenomenon.

Abstract: An intermittent display mechanism for a timepiece includes a mobile component in motion, an energy source for supplying a light emission source coupled with a light guide, and light emission control means. The light emission control means includes a flexible body bearing a flexible piezoelectric film or coating coated in an electrically insulating shell and attached to a fixed structure and including a distal zone overhanging with respect to the structure, arranged to interfere mechanically, at periodic or random times, with the mobile component during the travel thereof and move away from the rest position thereof before starting vibration of the flexible body and the piezoelectric film or coating, which constitutes an energy source, to convert the mechanical energy supplied by the mobile component into electrical energy supplied to the light emission source.

Abstract: A device for illuminating luminescent watch displays containing luminophore material, including a case arranged to receive at least one receptacle for receiving at least one watch, the device including a illuminating device arranged to light up the displays of each said watch. The illuminating device include a control device and a time base, and at least one light source capable of exciting said luminophore material for a pre-determined charge time, or corresponding to a wearing duration chosen by the user via a control device included in the device, and watch self-winding device, including at least one such illumination device, and universal device for winding and setting the hands of a watch, including such a watch self-winding device.

Abstract: The winding device includes a motorization device for driving a watch holder carrying at least one automatic watch with a mobile oscillating mass, and a measuring device for measuring the variation in the resistive torque opposed to the motorization device by the watch holder equipped with watches, depending on the degree of winding of the watches. The measuring device includes a speed measuring device to determine the speed and/or the variation in the speed of the motorization device, and/or include a torque measuring device to determine the value of the torque and/or the variation in the torque at the watch holder, and/or include a current measuring device to determine the value of the current and/or the variation in the current of an electric motor of the motorization device.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a plurality of generators, each intended to power supply an electronic circuit operating in a given power supply voltage range, includes a step of manufacturing coils distributed in N pluralities of coils, similar within the same plurality and different from one plurality to another, and a step of manufacturing a plurality of rotors which is carried out with tolerances limiting the cost of production. The plurality of rotors is classified into N classes of rotors which are associated respectively with the N pluralities of coils to form N pairs allowing the assembly of N groups of generators. The generators of each of the N groups of generators have magnetic coupling factors between their rotor and their stator which are located in a corresponding optimised value range, which is at least partially superimposed on the others of the N optimised value ranges relating to the N generator groups.

Abstract: Systems and methods for adaptively tuning a Proportional, Integral and Derivative (PID) controller in a zero order industrial process are provided. A method and system can involve receiving input data at one or more inputs of the PID controller and generating output data at one or more outputs of the PID controller in response to processing the input data. Error(s) associated with the controller are determined based on an analysis of a measured parameter with respect to a desired setpoint. The measured parameter may be indicated in the output data. Adaptive gain may be applied to the PID controller in response to the absolute value of the controller error both exceeding a deadband and increasing. Additionally, normal gain, which is lower than the adaptive gain, may be applied to the PID controller in response to the absolute value of the controller error either being below the deadband or decreasing.

Abstract: Techniques for ripple-type control of networked physical systems such as power systems, water systems, and others are provided. As one example, a device includes at least one processor configured to determine, for a first controllable device in a system, based on a measurement of an output parameter and a minimum output parameter value, an output violation value for the first device. The processor is further configured to determine, based on a present input value for the first device, the output violation value, and an assistance requisition value corresponding to a second device, a target input value for the first device. The processor is further configured to cause the first controllable device to modify operation based on the target input value and a maximum input value for the first controllable device.