Abstract: Systems, methods, and apparatuses for reducing error between calculated analyte levels and impractical analyte measurements using practical analyte measurements as reference measurements for calibration. Reducing the error may include converting a practical reference analyte measurement into an estimated impractical analyte level, updating a conversion function using the estimated impractical analyte level, and using the updated conversion function to calculate an analyte level. In some aspects, the practical reference analyte measurement may be a capillary blood analyte measurement, and the estimated impractical analyte level may be an estimated venous blood analyte level. In some aspects, the updated conversion function may minimize the error between analyte levels calculated using the updated conversion function and estimated venous blood analyte levels.

Abstract: A continuous glucose monitoring system may utilize externally sourced information regarding the physiological state and ambient environment of its user for externally calibrating sensor glucose measurements. Externally sourced factory calibration information may be utilized, where the information is generated by comparing metrics obtained from the data used to generate the sensor's glucose sensing algorithm to similar data obtained from each batch of sensors to be used with the algorithm in the future. The output sensor glucose value of a glucose sensor may also be estimated by analytically optimizing input sensor signals to accurately correct for changes in sensitivity, run-in time, glucose current dips, and other variable sensor wear effects.

Abstract: Applicators for applying an on-skin assembly to skin of a host and methods of their use and/or manufacture are provided. An applicator includes an insertion assembly configured to insert at least a portion of the on-skin assembly into the skin of the host, a housing configured to house the insertion assembly, the housing comprising an aperture through which the on-skin assembly can pass, an actuation member configured to, upon activation, cause the insertion assembly to insert at least the portion of the on-skin assembly into the skin of the host, and a sealing element configured to provide a sterile barrier and a vapor barrier between an internal environment of the housing and an external environment of the housing.

Abstract: An electronic device, a method to be executed by an electronic device, and a non-transitory memory storing a program for causing an electronic device to execute processes include acquiring a pulse wave of a subject, and estimating a blood glucose level and/or a lipid level of the subject based on a displacement ratio in the pulse wave. The displacement ratio comprises a ratio between a displacement of the pulse wave at a peak of the pulse wave and a displacement of the pulse wave at a predetermined time after the peak of the pulse wave, and the predetermined time is a fixed value.

Abstract: An apparatus for estimating bio-information includes: an impedance sensor including a pair of input electrodes and a pair of receiving electrodes, and configured to measure bio-impedance of a user by applying a current to the pair of input electrodes and by measuring a voltage between the pair of receiving electrodes; and a processor configured to estimate bio-information by applying, to the measured bio-impedance, an estimation model that uses a correlation between the measured bio-impedance and the bio-information to be estimated.

Abstract: A system includes an applicator and a dermal patch coupled to the applicator. The applicator includes a needle configured to puncture a subject's skin to draw a physiological sample, a first actuating lever configured to move form an undeployed position to a deployed position, and a second actuating lever configured to move form an undeployed position to a deployed position. The dermal patch includes a fluid reservoir configured to store a processing fluid, a sample collection chamber configured to receive the processing fluid and the physiological sample, wherein the applicator is configured to cause the needle to puncture the subject's skin to draw the physiological sample when the first actuating lever is moved from the undeployed lever position to the deployed lever position and cause the processing fluid to release from the fluid reservoir when the second actuating lever is moved from the undeployed position to the deployed position.

Abstract: An instrument advancement device may include a housing, which may include a slot. The instrument advancement device may be configured to couple to a catheter assembly. The instrument advancement device may include an advancement element, which may extend through the slot and may be configured to move linearly along the slot between a retracted position and an advanced position. In response to movement of the advancement element from a retracted position to an advanced position, an instrument of the instrument advancement device may be advanced beyond a distal end of the housing and may be configured to open a path through an occlusion in the catheter assembly or vasculature. The instrument advancement device may include a septum that includes a shape and/or a lube to reduce septum resistance and buckling of the instrument during advancement of the instrument.

Abstract: A blood collection device may be configured to couple to a catheter assembly. The blood collection device may include a housing, which may include a distal end, a proximal end, and a slot. The blood collection device may include a tube disposed within the housing. The blood collection device may include an advancement element configured to move along the slot. In response to distal movement of the advancement element along the slot, the tube may be configured to advance distally beyond the distal end of the housing. The instrument advancement device may include a coil extending distal to the tube.

Abstract: A fatigue estimation system that includes: an information output device (imaging device) that outputs information (images) regarding the locations of the body parts of a subject; and an estimation device that estimates a posture of the subject based on the information output by the information output device, and estimates the fatigue level of the subject based on the posture estimated and the duration of the posture estimated.

Abstract: Techniques (methods and devices) for neural stimulation through audio with dynamic modulation characteristics are disclosed. The techniques include receiving a mapping of sensor-input values and modulation-characteristic values, wherein each sensor-input value corresponds to a respective modulation-characteristic value; receiving an audio element from an audio source, wherein the audio element comprises at least one audio parameter; identifying an audio-parameter value of the audio parameter; receiving a sensor-input value from a sensor; determining a sensor-input value based on the sensor-input value; selecting from the mapping of sensor-input values and modulation-characteristic values, a modulation-characteristic value that corresponds to the sensor-input value; generating an audio output based on the audio-parameter value and the modulation-characteristic value; and playing the audio output.

Abstract: Wellness capture devices, systems for tracking wellness of an individual and/or a team, and methods of tracking wellness of an individual and/or a team are described. A wellness tracking device includes a housing and a cover that cooperatively define a chamber, a circuit board disposed in the chamber and including a system on a chip module, a vibration motor, a light diffuser, a first attachment member attached to the housing and a second attachment member disposed on an outer surface of the housing opposite the cover.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system and methods generally aimed at surgery. More particularly, the present invention is directed at a system and related methods for performing surgical procedures and assessments involving the use of neurophysiology.

Abstract: An integrated differential voltage measuring system for measuring bioelectrical signals of a patient, includes at least two signal measuring circuits, each of the at least two signal measuring circuits including a sensor electrode; a reference measuring circuit comprising a reference electrode; and a shared electrically conductive electrode covering, wherein the electrically conductive electrode covering superimposes at least a region that is formed by the base areas of the sensor electrodes and reference electrode.

Abstract: A wearable device is provided. The wearable device is used by being attached to a user's skin. The wearable device includes a main body unit having a housing and a substrate, the substrate being arranged inside the housing, an electrode unit including a sensing electrode connected to the main body unit, and a patch unit including one or more conductive members, the one or more conductive members being configured to electrically connect the electrode unit to the user's skin. The electrode unit includes a shielding layer that is not electrically connected to the main body unit. The shielding layer is conductive with a floating potential.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure are directed to flexible high-density mapping catheters with a high-density array of mapping electrodes. These mapping catheters may be used to detect electrophysiological characteristics of tissue in contact with the electrodes, and may be used to diagnose cardiac conditions, such as cardiac arrhythmias for example.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides systems, apparatuses, and methods for use of wearable electrode assemblies. The electrode assemblies improve comfort by providing increased overall surface area of their bottom surfaces, which make contact with the patient's scalp and hair. Collapse, compression, or telescoping of the bottom surface will thereby decrease the direct force and/or pressure applied by the distal member or members of the bottom surfaces to the skin. This may be advantageous in patients who have little to no hair in electrode contact areas, patient populations that are particularly skin-sensitive, and/or patients which must wear the electrode assemblies of an extended time period. The electrode assemblies further include structures to dispense and/or maintain conductive gel placed over the patient's skin, thereby maintaining electrical connection quality, and/or to facilitate the clearing of skin and/or hair prior to establishing an electrical connection.

Abstract: A biological information measurement device, including an electrode contact state detector including a first contact detection circuit connected to either the first electrode or the second electrode among the electrodes, a second contact detection circuit connected to the third electrode, and a contact state determinator for determining a contact state indicating which of the electrodes is in contact with a surface of the measurement target based on a first signal output from the first contact detection circuit and a second signal output from the second contact detection circuit, and an input receiver for receiving a contact of the electrode with respect to the surface of the measurement target as input of predetermined operation associated with the contact state.

Abstract: A portable electrocardiographic device includes an electrode unit configured to be brought into contact with a predetermined location of a subject's body and detect an electrocardiographic waveform, a setting unit configured to set lead system used in detection of the electrocardiographic waveform, among a plurality of types of lead systems, an analysis unit configured to analyze the electrocardiographic waveform detected by the electrode unit in accordance with the lead system set through the setting unit, and an storage unit configured to store the electrocardiographic waveform detected at the electrode unit, the lead system set through the setting unit, and an analysis result of the electrocardiographic waveform analyzed by the analysis unit are stored in association with one another.

Abstract: In an embodiment, an electrogram (EGM) processing system provides, for display by a head-mounted display (HMD) worn by a user, a holographic rendering of intracardiac geometry. The HMD also displays an electrogram waveform. The EGM processing system determines a gaze direction of the user by processing sensor data from the HMD. The HMD displays a marker overlaid on the electrogram waveform at a location based on an intersection point between the gaze direction and the electrogram waveform. The EGM processing system determines a measurement of the electrogram waveform using the location of the marker. The HMD displays the measurement of the electrogram waveform.

Abstract: A sensor on an earpiece is used to attempt to detect a signal corresponding to a heartbeat. If a heartbeat is detected, it can be determined that the earpiece is being worn by a user. The sensor may be an acoustic transducer on a surface of the earpiece that is located within the wearer's ear canal, while the earpiece is being worn normally.

Abstract: A system and method for display of subcutaneous cardiac monitoring data are provided. Cutaneous action potentials of a patient and other sensed data associated with the patient are recorded as electrocardiogram (EGC) data over a set time period using a subcutaneous insertable cardiac monitor. A set of R-wave peaks is identified within the ECG data and an R-R interval plot is constructed. A difference between recording times of successive pairs of the R-wave peaks in the set is determined. A heart rate associated with each difference is also determined. The pairs of the R-wave peaks and associated heart rate are plotted as the R-R interval plot. A diagnosis of cardiac disorder is facilitated based on patterns of the plotted pairs of the R-wave peaks, the associated heart rates in the R-R interval plot, and background data based on the other sensed data.

Abstract: There is provided a sensor for an electroencephalographic (EEC) device for measuring electrical signals generated by the neuronal activity of a subject. The sensor has at least one blade-like contact surface and the contact surface has a curved profile adapted for user comfort and electrical contact.

Abstract: Systems and methods for predicting problem behavior in individuals with developmental and behavior disabilities. A plurality of sensors are configured to collect multimodal data signals of a subject individual including a wearable upper body motion sensing device with a plurality of inertial measurement units (IMUs). An electronic controller is configured to receive output signals from each of IMUs and to model an upper body position of the subject individual based on the output signals from the IMUs. A trained machine-learning model is then applied by providing an input data set that includes multimodal signal data (e.g., including signal data from at least one IMU) and/or features extracted from the multimodal signal data. The machine-learning model is trained to produce as output an indication of whether a precursor to the problem behavior is detected and, in response to detecting the precursor, a notification (or alarm) is generated.

Abstract: A method of quantitatively evaluating a cognitive impairment and its future change from a medical image of an individual's brain, the method comprising scanning the individual's brain with a scanning device so as to acquire at least one medical brain image; processing the medical brain image to obtain at least one feature of the image; using a pre-established prediction model to determine a condition of the cognitive impairment and predict its future change based on the at least one feature obtained.

Abstract: A skin diagnosing device includes a main body provided with an input interface for operation; and a head connected to one end of the main body, the head includes: a front cover forming a contact surface with of a user and including an opening; a cover window covering the opening; a plurality of ultraviolet light sources and a plurality of visible light sources, which are disposed behind the front cover and face the opening; at least one camera which is disposed behind the plurality of ultraviolet light sources and the plurality of visible light sources, and faces the opening; and a laser light source which is disposed behind the at least one camera and faces the opening.

Abstract: A method of distinguishing benign and malignant skin conditions includes extracting a numerical value corresponding to an order parameter from an image of skin having a pigmented region. The numerical value of the order parameter may be utilized to assess the likelihood that a skin lesion is benign or malignant. The precise value may also be utilized to assess severity, which may include detecting changes in a skin lesion over time.

Abstract: An oral function visualization system includes: an outputter that outputs information for prompting a user to utter a predetermined voice; an obtainer that obtains an uttered voice of the user uttered in accordance with the output; an analyzer that analyzes the uttered voice obtained by the obtainer; and an estimator that estimates a state of oral organs of the user from a result of analysis of the uttered voice by the analyzer. The outputter outputs, based on the state of the oral organs of the user estimated by the estimator, information for the user to achieve a state of the oral organs suitable for utterance of the predetermined voice.

Abstract: A method includes receiving data associated with a sleep session of a user. The method also includes determining that the user is experiencing or has experienced an event based at least in part on the data. The method also includes causing pressurized air to be directed from a respiratory device to a multi-compartment bladder in response to determining that the user is experiencing or has experienced the event to aid in modifying a position of a head of the user.

Abstract: A respiratory status examination apparatus and method, and a sleep disorder control device and method are proposed. The apparatus may include at least one image capturing unit that is movably arranged to adjust a distance with respect to a subject and configured to obtain a thermal image by photographing the subject. The apparatus may also include a motion sensor unit configured to detect a motion of the subject to generate motion information, and a temperature information extracting unit configured to specify at least one examination region from the thermal image obtained by the image capturing unit and extract temperature information from the examination region. The apparatus may further include a respiratory status examining unit configured to determine a respiratory status of the subject based on the temperature information extracted by the temperature information extracting unit and the motion information generated by the motion sensor unit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a digital content-based method for providing therapeutics information, the method comprising: a first step of performing stimulation on a brain of a user to obtain fNIRS (functional near-infrared spectroscopy) data of the user; a second step of extracting a first brain activation area from a plurality of brain areas of the user using the obtained fNIRS data; a third step of determining a first brain state of the user, based on the first brain activation area; a fourth step of providing the user with a content determined corresponding to the first brain state determined in the third step under an XR (Extended Reality) environment; a fifth step in which the user performs a mission corresponding to the content; a sixth step of extracting a second brain activation area from the plurality of brain areas with reference to the fNIRS data of the user following performing the mission; and a seventh step of determining a second brain state of the user, based on the second brain activati

Abstract: A system for monitoring patients during a consciousness-altering therapeutic treatment session including a data collection module in electronic communication with network servers for storage of data on non-transitory computer readable media for monitoring a patient's well-being during and after the treatment session. A method of using the system in treating a patient, by continuously, continually, or at the healthcare professionals discretion monitoring the well-being of the patient during a consciousness-altering therapeutic treatment session through one or more wearable devices and a patient mobile device in electronic communication with a facilitator mobile device, and continuously monitoring the well-being of the patient after the treatment session with the wearable device.

Abstract: Provided is a life support device including: a sensing information acquisition unit that acquires sensing information output from a sensor that senses a state of a person; a first estimation processor that executes first estimation processing of estimating a state of substance intake of the person based on the sensing information; a second estimation processor that executes second estimation processing of estimating a state of activity of the person, the state being correlated with the state of substance intake, based on the sensing information; a life support information generator that generates life support information on the person based on an execution result of the first estimation processing and an execution result of the second estimation processing; and a life support information output unit that outputs the life support information generated.

Abstract: There is provided a device for measuring fatigue of a person, the device comprising a frame configured to be worn within the mouth of the person, a microphone mounted within the frame and configured to measure sound data, and a cavity located within the frame and adjacent to the microphone, wherein the cavity does not communicate with the environment surrounding the frame.

Abstract: One variation of a system for collecting biosignal data includes: a left junction; a right junction; a first band spanning the left and right junctions; a first band adjuster configured to adjust a length of the first band between the left and right junctions; a second band spanning the left and right junctions and radially offset from the first band about a lateral axis spanning the left and right junctions; a second band adjuster configured to adjust a length of the second band between the left and right junctions; a first electrode fixedly mounted to the first band and centered between the left and right junctions; a second electrode mounted to the first band offset from the first electrode and laterally-adjustable along the length of the first band; and a third electrode mounted to the second band and laterally-adjustable along the length of the second band.

Abstract: A fabric-based item may be provided with a stretchable band. The stretchable band may be formed from a ring-shaped strip of stretchable fabric having an opening configured to fit around a body part of a user. Circuitry may be coupled to strands of material in the stretchable band. The circuitry may include sensor circuitry for making measurements on the body part such as electrocardiogram measurements, blood pressure measurements, and respiration rate measurements. Wireless communications circuitry in the fabric-based item may be used to communicate wirelessly with external electronic equipment. A wireless power transmitting device may transmit wireless power. A coil formed from conductive strands in the fabric-based item may be used by wireless power receiving circuitry in the fabric-based item to receive the wireless power. The coil may have one or more turns that run around the ring-shaped strip of stretchable fabric.

Abstract: A wearable device is provided. The wearable device, which is used by being attached to a user's skin, includes a main body unit including a housing and a battery, the battery being arranged inside the housing, an electrode unit including a plurality of electrodes connected to the battery, and a patch unit including one or more conductive members, the one or more conductive members being configured to electrically connect the electrode unit to the user's skin. The patch unit further includes a plurality of stacked layers, and a layer in contact with the user's skin includes a plurality of ventilation holes.

Abstract: An ablation catheter Has a spring assembly residing between an ablation head and a proximal catheter body. Three optical fibers extend through a lumen in the catheter body. Three mirrors supported by the ablation head face proximally but are spaced distally from the optical fibers. The mirrors are provided with a pattern of reflectance that varies along a radius from a central area of reflectance. Light of a respective defined power shines from each of the optical fibers to a corresponding one of the mirrors with a reflected percentage of the respective defined light power being reflected back to the optical fiber. A percentage of the reflected percentage of the respective defined light power is captured by and travels along each optical fiber to a dedicated light wave detector connected to a controller.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a sensor applicator assembly for a continuous glucose monitoring system and provides a sensor applicator assembly for a continuous glucose monitoring system, which is manufactured with a sensor module assembled inside an applicator, thereby minimizing additional work by a user for attaching the sensor module to the body and allowing the sensor module to be attached to the body simply by operating the applicator, and thus can be used more conveniently. A battery is built in the sensor module and a separate transmitter is connected to the sensor module so as to receive power supply from the sensor module and be continuously used semi-permanently, thereby making the assembly economical. The sensor module and the applicator are used as disposables, thereby allowing accurate and safe use and convenient maintenance.

Abstract: [Object] To provide an information processing apparatus, a biological data measurement system, an information processing method, and a program that can improve the accuracy of acquired biological data. [Solving Means] An information processing apparatus according to the present technology includes a body motion noise prediction unit and a control unit. The body motion noise prediction unit predicts, on the basis of a reference signal that is body motion information of a person to be measured detected by a reference signal sensor, that body motion noise caused by body motion of the person to be measured is added to a detection biological signal detected by a biological sensor from the person to be measured. The control unit controls signal processing of the detection biological signal on the basis of a prediction result of the body motion noise prediction unit.

Abstract: A heartbeat detection device includes: a sensor data acquisition unit that acquires sensor data indicating an electrocardiographic waveform of a living body and outputs a sampling data sequence D(i) based on the sensor data; a first calculation unit that calculates a temporal difference value DY(i) of sampling data D(i) from the output sampling data sequence D(i) for each sampling time; a determination unit that determines a heartbeat time on the basis of a time at which a change in the calculated temporal difference value DY(i) exceeds a set threshold; a correction unit that corrects the heartbeat time by using a reference time; and a heart rate calculation unit that calculates a heart rate of the living body from the corrected heartbeat time.

Abstract: A method of determining a fused sensor measurement is disclosed including: obtaining sensor measurements from sensors detecting a same type of physiological measurement; determining a signal quality index (SQI) of each sensor including determining an extent to which a sensor measurement differs from others among the sensor measurements obtained from each sensor; determining a weightage of each sensor based on the SQI of each sensor; and determining a fused sensor measurement from the plurality of sensors based on the weightage of each sensor and filtered sensor measurements of each sensor obtained from a Kalman filter operation. A vehicle safety system includes: a vehicle electronic control unit configured to: determine the sensor measurement extent, to determine the SQI of each sensor, determine the weightage of each sensor, determine the fused sensor measurement, determine the occupant's physiological condition, and if the physiological condition is abnormal, perform at least one vehicle operation.

Abstract: This disclosure relates generally to a method and a system for determining quality of PPG signal. The PPG signals are extensively used for deducing health parameters of patients to infer the physiological conditions of heart, blood pressure, breathing patterns of the patients. However, analysis based on PPG signals is extremely challenging and is accurate only on high quality PPG signals. However, the existing techniques for determining quality of PPG signal (that are collected using wearable devices) require huge training or use complicated algorithms and cannot be used for real-time analysis. The disclosed methods and system for PPG quality assessment is based on the frequency domain analysis, wherein heart and respiratory components in the frequency spectrum are used effectively to derive the quality checker metric which is further used to estimate a plurality of optimal thresholds that is used for determining the quality of PPG signals at real-time.

Abstract: A signal measurement circuit comprises: a sensor electrode layer connected via a sensor cable to a measurement amplifier circuit; an active shielding layer, which runs along a side of the sensor electrode layer that faces away from the patient; and a first insulating layer that runs between the sensor electrode layer and the active shielding layer. The sensor electrode layer and the active shielding layer are embodied to be electrically conductive.

Abstract: A bio-signal quality assessment apparatus may include: a bio-signal obtainer configured to obtain a bio-signal; and a processor configured to extract periodic signals from the obtained bio-signal, and determine a signal quality index based on at least one of similarity between the extracted periodic signals and signal variability of the obtained bio-signal.

Abstract: The invention comprises a method for estimating state of a cardiovascular system, comprising the steps of: providing a cardiac analyzer, comprising: a blood pressure sensor, the blood pressure sensor generating a time-varying pressure state waveform output from a portion of a person; a system processor connected to the blood pressure sensor; and a dynamic state-space model of a cardiovascular system, the system processor receiving cardiovascular input data, from the blood pressure sensor, related to a transient pressure state of the cardiovascular system, where at least one probabilistic model, of the dynamic state-space model, operating on the time-varying pressure state waveform output generates a probability distribution function to a non-pressure state of the cardiovascular system.

Abstract: An apparatus for estimating lipid concentration is provided. According to an example embodiment, the apparatus may include a training data collector configured to collect, as training data, a reference lipid concentration measured through blood samples of a plurality of users for a predetermined time period and sensor data obtained through light signals detected from the plurality of users for the predetermined time period and a processor configured to perform preprocessing including a moving average and data augmentation on the obtained sensor data, select a valid variable relevant to a change in lipid concentration based on the preprocessed sensor data and the reference lipid concentration, and generate a lipid concentration prediction model based on the selected valid variable.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are techniques related to event-oriented predictions of glycemic responses. In some embodiments, the techniques may involve accessing a prediction model that correlates a person's glycemic responses to events and the person's physiological parameters during the events. The techniques may also involve obtaining a glucose level measurement of the person during an event. Additionally, the techniques may involve determining, based on the glucose level measurement, a physiological parameter of the person during the event. Furthermore, the techniques may involve predicting the person's glycemic response to the event based on applying the prediction model to the physiological parameter.

Abstract: A method for displaying content items to a user based on selected goals from the user includes performing an initial assessment of a user, which includes retrieving at least one of measured patient disease management data and user-inputted patient disease management data from a user database, requesting additional information from the user for determining one or more goals, and receiving the additional information from the user via a user interface. The method includes recommending a plurality of goals based on the initial assessment and stored protocols related to disease management retrieved from a content database, receiving a selection of a goal from the user, receiving goal tracking information indicative of progress toward the selected goal, selecting one or more content items from the content database based on at least one of the selected goal and the goal tracking information, and displaying the selected one or more content items.

Abstract: An X-ray diagnosis apparatus according to an embodiment includes an X-ray limiter having four diaphragm blades; and a console on which four physical operating units that correspond to the four diaphragm blades are placed at four positions. When viewed from the side of the operator of the console, the four operating units are placed on the far side, the near side, the left side, and the right side. The far-side operating unit, the near-side operating unit, the left-side operating unit, and the right-side operating unit correspond to the upper diaphragm blade, the lower diaphragm blade, the left-side diaphragm blade, and the right-side diaphragm blade, respectively, with reference to an X-ray image displayed in a display.

Abstract: A computed tomographic (CT) system includes a gantry having a rotating part including a light source, a light source drive control circuit, a rechargeable battery, and a rotating part interface. The gantry includes a detector, a detector control and signal processing circuit, and an image memory. The rotating part may rotate around a central axis. The CT system includes a gantry table on which the gantry is mounted and which includes a host interface. The CT system includes a motor that may cause the gantry to move within a gantry moving range, and a control unit that may process and display image data obtained from the gantry. The rotating part interface may face the host interface, such that the rotating part and host interfaces are configured to be electrically connected with each other, based on the gantry being at a predetermined position within the gantry moving range.