Abstract: A powder supply apparatus, comprising a powder receiving device which receives powder, a hopper for storing powder that has an outlet at the bottom thereof, a screw feeder which is provided at the outlet of the hopper, has an extrusion port, and pushes the powder received from the outlet of the hopper toward the extrusion port by a screw. The powder supply apparatus also has a diaphragm pump having a suction port and a discharge port, and discharges air sucked from the suction port to the discharge port by an operation of a diaphragm. An atmospheric passage communicates the suction port of the diaphragm pump with the atmosphere. A communicating passage communicates the discharge port of the diaphragm pump with the powder receiving device. The extrusion port of the screw feeder is positioned within the atmospheric passage so as to supply the powder to the atmospheric passage.

Abstract: A display device includes an active region, a pad region adjacent to the active region, a first peripheral region between the active region and the pad region, a second peripheral region outside the active region and spaced apart from the pad region, a base layer, a circuit layer on the base layer, a light-emitting element layer on the circuit layer and corresponding to the active region, a capping layer on the light-emitting element layer, a dam part extended along the active region and in the first peripheral region and the second peripheral region, and a protruding part outside the dam part in the second peripheral region and on the base layer.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and non-transitory computer-readable media can be configured to determine popularity scores for a set of audio content items. The set of audio content items can be ranked based at least in part on the popularity scores, the popularity scores based at least in part on signals associated with a social networking system. A music chart can be generated based at least in part on the ranking.

Abstract: A method may include obtaining a facial image of a subject and identifying a number of new images to be synthesized with target AU combinations and categories of intensity. The method may also include synthesizing the number of new images using the facial image of the subject as the base image with the number of target AU combinations and categories of intensity with a number of new images that have different AU combinations than the facial image of the subject. The method may additionally include adding the number of new images to a dataset and training a machine learning system using the dataset to identify a facial expression of the subject.

Abstract: The invention provides for delivery, engineering and optimization of systems, methods, and compositions for manipulation of sequences and/or activities of target sequences. Provided are delivery systems and tissues or organ which are targeted as sites for delivery. Also provided are vectors and vector systems some of which encode one or more components of a CRISPR complex, as well as methods for the design and use of such vectors. Also provided are methods of directing CRISPR complex formation in eukaryotic cells to ensure enhanced specificity for target recognition and avoidance of toxicity and to edit or modify a target site in a genomic locus of interest to alter or improve the status of a disease or a condition.

Abstract: A nonvolatile memory device is provided. The nonvolatile memory device comprises an n-doped source, an n-doped drain, and a doped region in a first p-well in a substrate. A floating gate may be arranged over the first p-well, whereby the doped region may be arranged at least partially under the floating gate.

Abstract: Some implementations described herein provide a gas curtain system. The gas curtain system includes various components to prevent a gas flowing within a chamber of an interface tool from flowing through an opening into a transport carrier adjacent to the interface tool. The gas curtain system may include a gas distribution component along an edge of the opening that generates a flow of another gas across the opening towards an opposite edge of the opening. In this way, the gas from the chamber is prevented from entering the transport carrier. By preventing the gas from the chamber from entering the transport carrier, a relative humidity within an environment of the transport carrier is maintained such that condensation of moisture on one or more semiconductor wafers within the transport carrier is mitigated.

Abstract: An apparatus includes: a random-access memory (RAM) configured to generate an analog output signal based on an input and a weight of a neural network, the RAM including a crossbar array structure; an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) circuit configured to generate a digital output signal based on a reference signal and the analog output signal of the RAM; a first ADC scaler configured to scale the reference signal of the ADC circuit; and a second ADC scaler configured to scale the digital output signal generated by the ADC circuit.

Abstract: A semi-translucent photovoltaic device is described having a translucent substrate with a photovoltaic stack interrupted in spatially distributed openings filled with a translucent polymer. Also disclosed is a method of manufacturing the device. The method comprises providing the substrate at a first side with the photovoltaic stack; removing material from the stack in spatially distributed regions, therewith forming openings within these regions; blanket-wise depositing a protective layer over the substrate with the photovoltaic stack; blanket-wise depositing a layer of a radiation-curable precursor for the translucent polymer over the protective layer; irradiating the substrate from a second side opposite its first side to therewith selectively cure the radiation-curable precursor within and in front of the spatially distributed openings, the radiation-curable precursor being converted therewith into said translucent polymer; removing an uncured remainder of the layer of the radiation-curable precursor.

Abstract: A compression fitting includes a nut with a threaded end for receiving a threaded tube and a receiving end for holding a plunger head; and a plunger with an inner bore for receiving a capillary tube and the plunger head for engaging a ferrule positioned within the receiving end between the plunger head and the threaded tube, the plunger slidingly engaged with the nut to force the ferrule from the nut.

Abstract: A velocity of a device of a user is detected using one or more sensors of the device. If the detected velocity is within a first range, a determination is made that the user is driving. A presence update is transmitted to a server based on the detected velocity. The detected velocity may include altitude data. The server receives the presence update and updates a presence status based on the presence update. The server transmits a user interface (UI) output to a second device to update a user presence indication on a display of the second device.

Abstract: The present invention provides an antenna structure, including a frame body, a first feed-in part, and a first connection part, where the frame body is at least partially made of a metal material, the frame body includes a first part and a second part, the second part is connected to one end of the first part, a length of the second part is greater than a length of the first part, a first slot is provided in the first part, a second slot is provided in the second part, a part of the frame body between the first slot and the second slot forms a first radiation part, the first feed-in part is disposed on the first radiation part and located on the first part of the frame body. The antenna structure can effectively improve low band radiation performance.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are disclosed for configuring full power transmission modes in a UE. The disclosed full power transmission modes include a Mode 0 and a Mode 3, which are enhancements over previous modes disclosed in the 3GPP specification. The UE gathers supported modes and configuration capabilities, such as number of ports and supported coherency schemes, and forwards the configuration capabilities to the network. The network analyzes the received information and selects a supported full power transmission mode based on the UE capabilities. The selection is then transmitted to the UE in a PUSCH-Config message. The UE extracts the selection from the PUSCH-Config message, and configures its radio accordingly.

Abstract: A system that includes a first winch assembly having a first structure on which a fuel hose is configured to be spooled and unspooled, the first structure having a first rotational axis. The system also includes a second winch assembly located rearward of the first winch assembly, the second winch assembly includes a second structure on which a messenger line is configured to be spooled and unspooled, the second structure having a second rotational axis and being rotatable between first and second rotational positions. Upon the second structure being in the first rotational position the second rotational axis is non-orthogonal to the first rotational axis. Upon the second structure being in the second rotational position, the second rotational axis is orthogonal to the first rotational axis. The second structure including an axial through opening through which the fuel line is configured to pass when the second structure is in the second rotational position.

Abstract: A rapid assembly type tool rod connection structure comprising an outer sleeve, an inner sleeve and a fastening sleeve, wherein, the fastening sleeve is connected with the outer sleeve; the inner sleeve is sheathed inside of the outer sleeve, a reinforced limiting component is provided between the inner sleeve and the fastening sleeve, which is connected to the inner sleeve and the fastening sleeve to limit the inner sleeve and the fastening sleeve.

Abstract: In some examples, a computing device can include a component device, a battery, and a memory resource storing instructions to cause a processing resource to determine an operating mode of the computing device, in response to the operating mode being a charging mode, cause the battery to charge, in response to the operating mode being a system battery mode, cause the battery to power the computing device, and in response to the operating mode being a battery reserve mode, cause the battery to power the component device in absence of powering other components of the computing device.

Abstract: A flexible battery case with an insert mating to the tongue and groove joint to provide a stable platform for the controls, displays and peripheral connectors. Other connectors are disposed within a plastic housing and overmolded to create a waterproof seal. A charger is configured to execute a software program to confirm charger authorization to enable secondary battery charging and discharging. The control system is configured to monitor the integrity of a heating element and executes a software program to disable charging if the integrity of a heating element is compromised. A flexible substrate has a PCB on one side, and supports the individual battery cells and surface mount circuit boards on an opposite side. The flexible PCB substrate may be folded to sandwich an insulating layer therebetween.

Abstract: Disclosed are infrared (IR) light detectors. The detectors operate by generating hot electrons in a metallic absorber layer on photon absorption, the electrons being transported through an energy barrier of an insulating layer to a metal or semiconductor conductive layer. The energy barrier is set to bar response to wavelengths longer than a maximum wavelength. Particular embodiments also have a pattern of metallic shapes above the metallic absorber layer that act to increase photon absorption while reflecting photons of short wavelengths; these particular embodiments have a band-pass response.

Abstract: Disclosed in the present application are a method and apparatus for reporting a random access procedure. The method includes: receiving a first message sent by a network device, the first message being used to indicate the terminal device to report a random access parameter list to the network device, and the random access parameter list including a two-step random access parameter list and/or a four-step random access parameter list; and reporting the random access parameter list to the network device according to the first message.

Abstract: A vehicle control apparatus includes a first traveling motor, a second traveling motor, and a control system. The first traveling motor is coupled to a first wheel of a vehicle. The second traveling motor is coupled to a second wheel of the vehicle. The control system is configured to decrease a power running torque of the first traveling motor and increase a power running torque of the second traveling motor in a case where a first distance from the vehicle to a contact predicted spot or a contact object is less than a first threshold during traveling of the vehicle, and increase a regenerative torque of the first traveling motor and increase a regenerative torque of the second traveling motor in a case where a second distance from the vehicle to the contact object is less than a second threshold that is less than the first threshold during the traveling.

Abstract: A method for processing a workpiece includes the steps of arranging the workpiece in a work space and guiding an OCT measurement beam of an optical coherence tomograph using a processing head so as to scan the workpiece, wherein the pose of the processing head in the work space and also the pose of the OCT measurement beam relative to the processing head are known. Distance measurement values of the optical coherence tomograph are determined during the scanning, which are used to determine at least one of the pose of the workpiece in the workspace, the presence of a workpiece in the workspace, the identity of the workpiece in the workspace, and the presence of a processing feature of the workpiece that was carried out on the workpiece in a previous processing step.

Abstract: In a vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technology environment, systems and methods are provided for extending the distribution of activation codes (ACs) in an Activation Codes for Pseudonym Certificates (ACPC) system, in a privacy-preserving manner, to a unicast mode of communication. In this unicast ACPC (uACPC), in some embodiments, the ACs are distributed by the back-end system via a unicast channel upon the receipt of the vehicle's direct request for its respective ACs. In some embodiments, uACPC can leverage edge computing architecture for low latency delivery of certificate revocation lists (CRLs) and higher availability for the distribution of ACs.

Abstract: A high-voltage DC relay of the present disclosure, including a housing, two main lead-out terminals, a main movable piece and a pushing rod component; and the relay further including two auxiliary lead-out terminals, an auxiliary movable spring, and an insulating partition plate, the insulating partition plate is disposed in a vertical plane on a side of the main movable piece, the auxiliary movable spring is on a side of the insulating partition plate opposite the main movable piece, and is disposed along the vertical direction, the insulating partition plate is configured to completely isolate the main movable piece and the auxiliary movable spring; the auxiliary movable spring is insulated from the movable assembly and fixed to the movable assembly through the insulating partition plate, so as to follow a movement of the movable assembly to achieve bridging with the two auxiliary lead-out terminals.

Abstract: A method includes receiving a payment request that indicates a card identifier corresponding to a payment instrument to be used for payment. The method further includes determining that the card identifiers fails to satisfy at least one card activity criteria. Additionally, method includes subsequent to determining that no failed authorization attempts were performed for the card identifier within a previous time period, retrieving, from a database, a decline probability score associated with the card identifier. The method also includes based on the decline probability score, determining whether to transmit an authorization request for the card identifier prior to processing the payment request.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer programs, for generating dynamic data filters. In one aspect, a data processing system is disclosed that is configured to perform operations that include receiving a data source agnostic information request (DSAIR), determining, based on the DSAIR, (i) one or more source selection keys and (ii) a data dictionary, identifying, by the data processing system, one or more data sources related to the received DSAIR using the one or more source selection keys, generating a dynamic data filter using one or more of the plurality of terms of the data dictionary, filtering, using the dynamic data filter, information in the one or more data sources that were identified using the source selection keys, and providing the filtered information from the one or more data sources for output by the user device.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an easy-to-clean visual grain monitoring device which includes a housing. A circuit board is provided within the housing and is connected with a monitoring unit; an insect collecting pipe, which is provided within the housing, includes multiple first entrances; the housing includes multiple second entrances which are corresponding to the first entrances respectively; an execution element, which is installed on a base, is connected with a lower end of the insect collecting pipe for driving the insect collecting pipe to move up and down; an insect leaking passage, which is provided at an upper end of the base, extends downwards along a side wall of the base; a tail end of the insect leaking passage has a first insect leaking hole for discharging pests, the housing has a second insect leaking hole in a position corresponding to the first insect leaking hole, and the lower end of the insect collecting pipe has a third insect leaking hole staggered with the insect leaking passage.

Abstract: Methods for improving timing in memory devices are disclosed. A method may include sampling a data signal according to a clock signal to obtain a data sample; sampling the data signal according to an advanced clock signal to obtain an advanced data sample; and sampling the data signal according to a delayed clock signal to obtain a delayed data sample. The method may also include comparing the data sample with the advanced data sample and the delayed data sample and performing an action based on the comparison. The action may include selecting a data sample, selecting a clock signal and/or adjusting a clock signal. Associated devices and systems are also disclosed.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes first conductive lines extending in a first direction, second conductive lines extending in a second direction, memory cells disposed between the first conductive lines and the second conductive lines, each memory cell disposed at an intersection of a first conductive line and a second conductive line, and a passive material between the memory cells and at least one of the first conductive lines and the second conductive lines. Related semiconductor devices and electronic devices are disclosed.

Abstract: The present application provides a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer comprising at least first and second regions having different physical properties, wherein the difference in physical properties, such as an elastic modulus or creep strain rate is maintained relatively large for each region, and the difference in physical properties, such as a peel force or recovery rate is maintained relatively small for each region.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for adjusting clock frequencies of endpoint devices in a mesh network for narrowband and ultra-narrowband communications. An endpoint device receives a reference timing signal over a wireless network from a reference device in the network. The endpoint device determines the current value of the clock frequency of the endpoint device and further determines the frequency difference between the reference frequency of the reference timing signal and the current value of the clock frequency. Based on the frequency difference, the endpoint generates a control signal and applies the control signal to the crystal oscillator of the endpoint device to adjust the frequency of the crystal oscillator. The endpoint device communicates with another device in the network using the oscillating signal generated by the adjusted crystal oscillator.

Abstract: A thrombectomy system includes a frame having plurality of struts joined at an apex, a netting coupled to the plurality of struts, a pestle moveable relative to the frame and configured and arranged to macerate a clot within a vessel, adherent to its walls and against a portion of the apex of the frame.

Abstract: An apparatus includes at least one camera configured to capture at least one image of a traffic lane, an inertial measurement unit (IMU) configured to detect motion characteristics, and at least one processor. The at least one processor is configured to obtain a vehicle motion trajectory using the IMU and based on one or more vehicle path prediction parameters, obtain a vehicle vision trajectory based on the at least one image, wherein the vehicle vision trajectory includes at least one lane boundary, determine distances between one or more points on the vehicle and one or more intersection points of the at least one lane boundary based on the obtained vehicle motion trajectory, determine at least one time to line crossing (TTLC) based on the determined distances and a speed of the vehicle, and activate a lane departure warning indicator based on the determined at least one TTLC.

Abstract: Innovations in control and use of chroma quantization parameter (“QP”) values that depend on hum QP values. More generally, the innovations relate to control and use of QP values for a secondary color component that depend on QP values for a primary color component. For example, during encoding, an encoder determines a QP index from a primary component QP and secondary component QP offset. The encoder maps the QP index to a secondary component QP, which has an extended range. The encoder outputs at least part of a bitstream including the encoded content. A. corresponding decoder receives at least part of a bitstream including encoded content. During decoding, the decoder determines a QP index from a primary component QP and secondary component QP offset, then maps the QP index to a secondary component QP, which has an extended range.

Abstract: A positive resist composition is provided comprising a base polymer comprising repeat units having a carboxy group whose hydrogen is substituted by a nitrobenzene ring-containing tertiary hydrocarbyl group. The resist composition has a high sensitivity and resolution and forms a pattern of good profile with reduced edge roughness and size variation after exposure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for converting insects into a nutrient stream, such as a puree, an enzymatically hydrolysed puree, a fat fraction and a protein fraction. The invention further relates to the (hydrolysed) puree and to the fractions obtainable by said methods and to their use as a food or feed product or as an ingredient therefore. The invention also relates to a method for converting insect larvae into a composition with anti-oxidant properties. Thus, the invention also relates to a method for converting insect larvae into an antioxidant composition. In addition, the invention relates to a composition with anti-oxidant properties obtainable by said method and to the use of the composition as a health promoting food ingredient or as a feed ingredient.

Abstract: Packaging devices such as bags, pouches, envelops, containers, and the like, can include an integrated heating system. The packaging devices described herein have multiple potential uses such as for the containment and heating of single-serving meals, drinks, massage oils, masks, body wax, anti-wrinkle eye creams, and the like, to be heated on the go. The packaging devices described herein can also be used for instant heating of food and/or beverages for backcountry use. In some embodiments, the packaging devices use fibrous natural materials (e.g., leaf skeletons and soft biomaterials like chitosan) along with silver nanowires to create completely biodegradable, and reusable self-heating packaging.

Abstract: The present application discloses a self-powered sensing method and sensing device for spheroidal robot, which belongs to the technical field of robot attitude sensing. The design feature is structure of the spheroidal robot, comprises: a spheroidal object (1) and 26 electrode groups (2); the spheroidal object (1) includes 18 regular octagonal surfaces, 8 regular hexagonal surfaces and 24 quadrilateral surfaces; the electrode group (2) is arranged on each regular octagonal surface and each regular hexagonal surface; the electrode group (2) includes a first outer layer semicircular ring electrode (2-1), a second outer layer semicircular ring electrode (2-2) and an inner ring electrode (2-3). The present invention aims to provide a self-powered sensing method and sensing device for spheroidal robot to sense the posture of the spheroidal robot.

Abstract: A fastening assembly for a top-mounted faucet that allows quick and easy installation of the faucet. The fastening assembly includes a plate and a threaded nut. The plate includes an upper grip member made of soft gripping material and a lower support member made of a rigid material. The plate has an elongated central aperture passing through the upper grip member and lower support member. The lower support member includes two flanges that clamp to opposite two faces of the threaded nut.

Abstract: A medium voltage switchgear or control gear includes at least one first compartment; a cable compartment; a plurality of main components; and a plurality of auxiliary components. The plurality of main components is housed in at least one part of the at least one first compartment. The plurality of auxiliary components is housed in the cable compartment. The second connector is configured to connect to the first connector to connect a cable in the cable compartment to a component of the plurality of main components. The cable compartment is configured to be disconnected from the at least one first compartment and wherein the cable compartment is configured to be spatially separated from the at least one first compartment.

Abstract: A radiation detection probe and a manufacturing method therefor, and a radiation detection chip. The method comprises: simulating each of a plurality of cadmium zinc telluride crystals having different three-dimensional sizes; obtaining the radiation response characteristics of each cadmium zinc telluride crystal; according to the radiation response characteristics, selecting a specific cadmium zinc telluride crystal from the plurality of cadmium zinc telluride crystals, wherein the specific cadmium zinc telluride crystal is a cadmium zinc telluride crystal having optimal performance indexes corresponding to the radiation response characteristics in the plurality of cadmium zinc telluride crystals; and configuring a first electrode and a second electrode for the specific cadmium zinc telluride crystal so as to constitute the radiation detection probe.

Abstract: A medical information processing method that is executed by a processor, and includes: acquiring event information registered in a medical information system and including a patient identifier (ID), the patient ID including identification information on a patient, identification information on an event, and first temporal information indicating occurrence time of the event; acquiring, by using the patient ID and the first temporal information, first medical care information including second temporal information with a temporal resolution higher than that of the first temporal information related to the patient; and estimating, based on the first medical care information, the occurrence time of the event with the temporal resolution higher than that of the first temporal information.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compositions and methods related to mutant viruses, and in particular, mutant influenza viruses. The mutant viruses disclosed herein include a mutant M2 sequence, and are useful in immunogenic compositions, e.g., as vaccines. The mutant viruses disclosed herein including a mutant M2 sequence are also useful to deliver antigens to a subject, e.g., to induce an immune response to the antigen. Also disclosed herein are methods, compositions and cells for propagating the viral mutants, and methods, devices and compositions related to vaccination.

Abstract: Agents are configured to collect data from terminals and send the data in real time to a data integrator. The data integrator identifies the data types and processes custom aggregation on select ones of data types from the data. The data and the output of any aggregations are translated to a select output format and sent to one or more select resources for further processing. The data integrator determines when to send the data and the output from any aggregation in the select output format to the one more select resources based on a defined condition. In an embodiment, the data integrator sends the data and output from any aggregation in real time to at least one of the one or more select resources.

Abstract: Technologies for providing a cognitive capacity test for autonomous driving include a compute device. The compute device includes circuitry that is configured to display content to a user, prompt a message to the user to turn user’s attention to another activity that needs situational awareness, receive a user response, and analyze the user response to determine an accuracy of the user response and a response time, wherein the accuracy and response time are indicative of a cognitive capacity of the user to assume control of an autonomous vehicle when the autonomous vehicle encounters a situation that the vehicle is unable to navigate.

Abstract: A dispenser (1) of liquids for medical uses wherein a first membrane body (10) is shaped symmetrically with respect to a first frontal median plane (M) and to a second sagittal median plane (N) intersected in a central axis (A) and is delimited at the top by a dome (12) which is axially delimited by a base portion (12?) and by a top (12?) of given shape; a second body (20) being carried by the first body (10) inside the dome (12) in a position concentric with the axis (A); the second body (20) having a hollow lower portion (22) concentric with the axis (A) and an upper portion (28) engaged by a first and a second duct (280) (280?) terminating in the dome (12), with a first nozzle (2800?) (2800) and a second nozzle (2800?) respectively; each first and second nozzle (2800) (2800?) being arranged between the first frontal median plane (M) and the second sagittal median plane (N).

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the detection of acute respiratory distress syndrome in a patient. Subjects of the present disclosure are a computer system, a method and a computer program product for detection of acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Abstract: There is provided a cleaning device for a liquid jet head which can efficiently clean a jet plate attached with a guard member while preventing cleaning liquid from being leaked along an opening of the guard member. The cleaning device for the inkjet head includes a holder moving relatively to the inkjet head, wherein the holder includes a jet section for jetting the cleaning liquid toward a nozzle guard of the inkjet head, a wipe part which has a width in a width direction perpendicular to a moving direction of the holder smaller than a width of an opening of the nozzle guard, and which wipes a nozzle plate due to a movement of the holder, a first suction section disposed ahead of the jet section and the wipe part in the moving direction of the holder, and a second suction section disposed posterior to the jet section and the wipe part in the moving direction of the holder.

Abstract: A semiconductor light-emitting element includes: an n-type semiconductor layer made of an n-type AlGaN-based semiconductor material; an active layer provided on the n-type semiconductor layer and made of an AlGaN-based semiconductor material; a p-type semiconductor layer provided on the active layer; a p-side contact electrode that includes a Rh layer in contact with an upper surface of the p-type semiconductor layer; a p-side electrode covering layer that is in contact with an upper surface and a side surface of the p-side contact electrode and includes a Ti layer, a Rh layer, and a TiN layer stacked successively; a dielectric covering layer that has a connection opening provided on the p-side electrode covering layer and covers the p-side electrode covering layer in a portion different from the connection opening; and a p-side current diffusion layer that connects to the p-side electrode covering layer in the connection opening.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an absorbent towel for drying hair which comprises one or more pockets disposed on a surface along one or more edges such that when a user wraps the towel about their wet hair and twists the loose end, the loose end can be inserted into one of the exposed pockets effectively, rather than having to find a place to tuck it from which it may come loose. In this manner the towel of the present disclosure provides a firm fit on the head and stays in place, and users do not have to repeatedly reposition the hair on the head. A method of manufacture of the towel is also provided herein.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a memory device with a vertical field effect transistor (VFET) and a method for preparing the memory device. The memory device includes a capacitor contact disposed in a first semiconductor substrate, and a channel structure disposed over a top surface of the first semiconductor substrate. The memory device also includes a first gate structure disposed on a first sidewall of the channel structure, and a second gate structure disposed on a second sidewall of the channel structure. The second sidewall of the channel structure is opposite to the first sidewall of the channel structure. The memory device further includes a bit line contact disposed over the channel structure. The channel structure is electrically connected to a capacitor and a bit line through the capacitor contact and the bit line contact.