Abstract: A display panel is provided. A pixel defining layer of the display panel includes a first defining layer and a second defining layer, wherein the first defining layer includes a first base body and first magnets dispersed in the first base body, and the second defining layer includes a second base body and second magnets dispersed in the second base body; both the first base body and the second base body are hydrophobic and elastic; and a side face of the first base body perpendicular to a bearing surface of the substrate and a side face of the second base body perpendicular to the bearing surface of the substrate being in contact with each other.

Abstract: It is an object to provide a flexible light-emitting device with long lifetime in a simple way and to provide an inexpensive electronic device with long lifetime using the flexible light-emitting device. A flexible light-emitting device is provided, which includes a substrate having flexibility and a light-transmitting property with respect to visible light; a first adhesive layer over the substrate; an insulating film containing nitrogen and silicon over the first adhesive layer; a light-emitting element including a first electrode, a second electrode facing the first electrode, and an EL layer between the first electrode and the second electrode; a second adhesive layer over the second electrode; and a metal substrate over the second adhesive layer, wherein the thickness of the metal substrate is 10 ?m to 200 ?m inclusive. Further, an electronic device using the flexible light-emitting device is provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a display panel and a manufacturing method thereof, and a display device. The display panel includes a base substrate, a light shielding layer and a pixel definition layer which are provided on the base substrate in turn; the light shielding layer includes an imaging pinhole; the display panel further includes a plurality of fingerprint recognition sensors arranged in an array, the fingerprint recognition sensors are provided on the base substrate; the light shielding layer is provided on a light incoming side of the fingerprint recognition sensors; a minimum distance between the imaging pinhole and the organic light emitting layer in the red sub-pixel is less than a minimum distance between the imaging pinhole and the organic light emitting layer in the green sub-pixel and is also less than a minimum distance between the imaging pinhole and the organic light emitting layer in the blue sub-pixel.

Abstract: A display device comprises a substrate; a driving transistor including a first active layer and a switching transistor including a second active layer, the first active layer and the second active layer being disposed on the substrate; a first gate insulating layer disposed on the first active layer of the driving transistor and the second active layer of the switching transistor; first and second gate electrodes disposed on the first gate insulating layer to overlap the first active layer of the driving transistor and the second active layer of the switching transistor, respectively; a first interlayer insulating layer disposed on the first gate electrode and the second gate electrode; and a second interlayer insulating layer disposed on the first interlayer insulating layer to overlap the first active layer without overlapping the second active layer in a plan view.

Abstract: A flexible display panel and a manufacturing method thereof, and a flexible display apparatus are disclosed. The flexible display panel includes: a flexible substrate, the flexible substrate including a display area, a peripheral area, a welding area and a bending area, and the bending area including a first edge; and the flexible display panel further includes: a barrier and an organic insulation layer, wherein the peripheral area includes a peripheral transition area between the bending area and the display area, the organic insulation layer in the peripheral transition area is provided with a first groove, the first groove is on one side of the barrier and extends along a direction substantially parallel to a bending axis, and the first groove is on one side of the first edge proximal to the display area.

Abstract: A display device includes a substrate including a display area and a non-display area, the display area including pixels; data lines extending into the display area and connected to pixels; a first input pad in the non-display area and connected to the data lines; a switching transistor located in the non-display area between the first input pad and one side of the substrate and connected to the first input pad; and a second input pad in the non-display area and connected to a gate electrode of the switching transistor through a switching line.

Abstract: A display panel includes a drive backplane, a transparent insulating layer and a light-emitting device layer. The drive backplane includes a driving circuit layer, a metal wiring layer, a first insulating layer and a reflective electrode layer. The first insulating layer has first via holes filled with first metal connectors. The reflective electrode layer includes first reflective electrodes respectively connected with the metal wiring layer through the first metal connectors. The light-emitting device layer includes a pixel electrode layer, an organic light-emitting layer and a common electrode layer. The pixel electrode layer includes first pixel electrodes respectively connected with the first reflective electrodes through the connection via holes. A distance between an orthographic projection of the connection via hole on the pixel electrode layer and an edge of the first pixel electrode is not less than a first threshold value.

Abstract: Provided is a display substrate, including: a silicon-based substrate having a display area, a binding area located on one side of the display area, and a trace area located between the display area and the binding area; a trace protection structure is arranged on the silicon-based substrate in the trace area, and a pad assembly is integrated in the silicon-based substrate in the binding area; and a minimum distance between an edge of an orthographic projection of the trace protection structure on the silicon-based substrate and an edge of an orthographic projection of an opening of the pad assembly on the silicon-based substrate is smaller than a maximum size of one subpixel.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a substrate, a first signal line, a second signal line, a first conductive pattern and a second conductive pattern. The substrate has a top surface and a side surface surrounding the top surface. The first signal line and a second signal line are disposed on the top surface. The first conductive pattern is disposed on the side surface and electrically connected to the first signal line. The second conductive pattern is disposed on the side surface and electrically connected to the second signal line. The first conductive pattern and the second conductive pattern have different electrical resistances.

Abstract: A display panel and a display device are provided. The display panel includes a base substrate, a plurality of pixel drive circuit units, n first signal lines, a touch layer, and a light emitting element. A distance between first extending portions of two adjacent first signal lines is greater than a distance between first bending portions of the two adjacent first signal lines. An orthogonal projection overlap area between the first connecting portion and first extending portions of the n first signal lines is S1, and an orthogonal projection overlap area between the first connecting portion and first bending portions of the n first signal lines is S2. S1?S2. A length of a first extending portion of at least one first signal line is L1, a distance between the first extending portion of at least one first signal line and the second electrode is H1, and H1?(S1/n)/L1.

Abstract: A display panel and a fabricating method thereof, and a displaying device. The display panel includes a substrate, a resistance reducing trace, an inter-layer-medium layer and a signal line. The substrate is divided into a plurality of sub-pixel regions and a pixel separating region. The resistance reducing trace is provided on the pixel separating region of the substrate. The inter-layer-medium layer is provided on the substrate, and the inter-layer-medium layer has an opening exposing the resistance reducing trace. The signal line is provided within the opening, the signal line is connected to the resistance reducing trace, the signal line is distributed in a column direction along the display panel, and in a row direction along the display panel, a width of the opening is greater than or equal to a width of the signal line.

Abstract: Provided is a display apparatus. The display apparatus comprises a substrate including a display area, a first component area where first pixel groups including first auxiliary sub-pixels and first transmitting portions are located, and a second component area where second pixel groups including second auxiliary sub-pixels and second transmitting portions are located, first display elements, and second display elements, wherein one of the first pixel groups is spaced apart by a first distance in a first direction from a first center of the first component area, and is spaced apart by a second distance in a second direction intersecting the first direction from the first center, and one of the second transmitting portions is spaced apart by the first distance in the first direction from a second center of the second component area, and is spaced apart by the second distance in the second direction from the second center.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the technical field of display, and discloses an array substrate, a preparation method therefor, and a display device. When dielectric layers, such as a buffer layer, an interlayer dielectric layer, and a gate insulation layer, are formed between a source-drain electrode and a substrate, the thickness of at least one dielectric layer among said dielectric layers underneath a first through hole for connecting a drain electrode and an anode is increased, which is to say that the drain electrode is raised to be further away from the substrate, causing the drain electrode to be closer to a surface of a planarization layer that faces away from the substrate, i.e., reducing the thickness of a portion of the planarization layer above the drain electrode.

Abstract: A display device includes a display substrate including a plurality of pixels and including an active area longer than a display region, and a frame region formed to surround the active area, and a cover glass attached to a display surface side of the display substrate. A frame is provided in a periphery of the cover glass, and the frame covers an outer periphery of the active area. The display region is a region where the active area and a region surrounded by the frame of the cover glass overlap each other.

Abstract: A display panel and a display device are provided. The display panel includes a first color sub-pixels and a second color sub-pixel. The first color sub-pixel includes a first effective light emitting region, the second color sub-pixel includes a second effective light emitting region, an area of the second effective light emitting region is smaller than that of the first effective light emitting region. The first color sub-pixel includes a first color light emitting layer, the second color sub-pixel includes a second color light emitting layer, an area ratio between orthographic projections of the first color light emitting layer and the first effective light emitting region on the base substrate is less than an area ratio between orthographic projections of the second color light emitting layer and the second effective light emitting region on the base substrate.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a display panel comprising multiple first, second and third sub-pixels having first, second and third effective light-emitting regions respectively. In a row direction, the first effective light-emitting regions form first rows of effective light-emitting regions, and the second and third effective light-emitting regions are alternately arranged to form second rows of effective light-emitting region. The first and second rows are alternately arranged in a column direction perpendicular to the row direction. A virtual quadrilateral is formed by lines connecting geometric centers of gravity of four first effective light-emitting regions in two adjacent rows and two adjacent columns. Geometric centers of gravity of the second and third effective light-emitting region are located in corresponding virtual quadrilaterals respectively.

Abstract: A color filter layer and a display device are provided. A material of the color filter layer includes a dye, a polymer resin, a monomer, a photoinitiator, and a solvent. A material of the dye is one of a core-shell material or a titanium dioxide material. The shell material includes an organic polymer, and the core material is an inorganic fluorescent material. The shell material covers the core material, and the inorganic fluorescent material includes a europium-doped compound.

Abstract: Provided is a display device. The display device includes a first base portion, a second base portion facing the first base portion, a light emitting layer disposed on one surface of the first base portion and emitting first light, a first wavelength conversion pattern disposed on the light emitting layer and converting the first light into second light having a different wavelength from the first light, a first color filter overlapping the first wavelength conversion pattern on one surface of the second base portion and spaced apart from the first wavelength conversion pattern, and an air layer interposed between the first wavelength conversion pattern and the first color filter.

Abstract: An electronic device may include: a housing; a display viewable through a portion of the housing; and a camera overlapping the display and configured to capture an image based on external light passing through the display. The display may include: a first area overlapping at least a portion of the camera and a second area not overlapping the camera; a substrate; a pixel layer disposed in a first direction from the substrate and comprising organic light-emitting diode (OLED) type pixels; wherein a color filter layer may include first color filters overlapping pixels of the first area, second color filters overlapping pixels of the second area, and a black matrix disposed between the second color filters.

Abstract: According to various embodiments, an electronic device may include a housing, a display disposed in an internal space of the housing and viewable from an outside and including a display area, and a camera module disposed under the display overlapping at least a part of the display area and not including an aperture structure, wherein the camera module includes a lens housing, a plurality of lenses disposed on the lens housing, and an image sensor disposed under the plurality of lenses, wherein the display includes a display panel and a light blocking member comprising a light blocking material and including a light transmission region disposed on an inside and/or an outside of the display panel overlapping at least parts of the plurality of lenses as viewed from above the display.

Abstract: An organic light emitting diode (OLED) display panel and a display device are provided. The OLED display panel includes a light emitting functional layer and a display area disposed on a transistor array substrate. The reinforcement layer is formed on a surface of a bending area of the transistor array substrate. A blocking member is formed on a surface of the transistor array substrate and located between the reinforcement layer and the light emitting functional layer. By providing the blocking member, the control accuracy of the amount of glue overflow in the bending area is improved.

Abstract: A display device includes a substrate including a display area and a non-display area surrounding the display area, the display device further includes a gate driving circuit disposed on the substrate and in the non-display area, the display device further includes a light emitting element disposed in the display area and on the substrate and including a cathode electrode, the display device further includes a dam disposed on the substrate and in the non-display area, the dam further outside the substrate than the gate driving circuit, the display device further includes a first dummy conductive layer disposed to cover the dam and made of the same material as the cathode electrode, and a spacer disposed between the gate driving circuit and the dam, and the cathode electrode extends from the display area to the non-display area to overlap with the gate driving circuit.

Abstract: A bonding device includes: a support in which a plurality of through-holes is defined, a diaphragm disposed on the support to cover the support, a pressing pad disposed on the diaphragm over a top surface of the support, and a window fixing chuck disposed on the pressing pad and in which a groove facing the pressing pad is defined. Here, the pressing pad includes a pad and at least one support bar disposed in the pad and extending in a first direction.

Abstract: The embodiments of the present disclosure provides a mask plate, including a rectangular area and two gripper areas which are respectively disposed on two opposite sides of the rectangular area, wherein each of the two gripper areas has a first side and a third side which are arranged opposite to each other, and a second side and a fourth side which are arranged opposite to each other, and the first side is disposed on a side of the rectangular area, and a minimum horizontal spacing between the second side and the fourth side is less than a side length of the first side.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing an organic material includes an outer tube including an internal accommodating space, and at least one loading inner tube and at least one collecting inner tube disposed in the accommodation space, the loading inner tube including a mesh boat disposed in a first direction in which the loading inner tube extends.

Abstract: The present application provides a display panel, a display module, and a display device. A flexible substrate of the display panel includes a first flexible substrate and a second flexible substrate, and the first flexible substrate is provided with a first through-hole corresponding to a lighting path of an electronic component. Based on the first through-hole, light transmittance of the display panel is increased, so that electronic components such as a camera can be disposed below the display panel, and a narrow bezel design is realized.

Abstract: A flexible display device, which has a bending area and a non-bending area, includes a display panel, and a window member disposed on the display panel and including a first glass substrate, a second glass substrate disposed opposite to the second glass substrate, and a bonding layer disposed between the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate. The bonding layer includes a first bonding part overlapping the bending area and a second bonding part overlapping the non-bending area and having a modulus greater than a modulus of the first bonding part.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides for the development and applications of monomeric, oligomeric and/or polymeric semiconductor materials comprising a five-membered heteroaromatic unit (e.g., thiophene; furan; selenophene; etc.) that includes an acrylyl or an acrylyl-like (—C?C—CO—) side chain. The semiconductor materials can be used as organic semiconductors for use in electronic, optical, or optoelectronic devices such as organic thin film transistors and organic photovoltaics. The disclosed semiconductor materials (e.g., semiconducting polymer compounds) can be used as high performance semiconductors (e.g., for organic solar cells or organic photovoltaics (OPVs)), and the disclosed semiconductor materials can be used for other devices (e.g., organic thin film transistors (OTFTs) and sensors, etc.).

Abstract: A block copolymer includes an end group, a block that binds to the end group, and a block that does not bind to the end group. The block that does not bind to the end group contains at least one non-crosslinkable constitutional unit represented by the formula (X) and/or at least one non-crosslinkable constitutional unit represented by the formula (Z). At least one of formulas (i) XI>XII, (ii) ZI>ZII and (iii) XI+ZI>XII+ZII is satisfied when the total number of non-crosslinkable constitutional units represented by formulas (X) and (Z) in the block that does not bind to the end group are represented by XI and ZI, respectively, and the total number of non-crosslinkable constitutional units represented by formulas (X) and (Z) in the block that binds to the end group are represented by XII and ZII, respectively.

Abstract: A method includes depositing a dielectric layer over a substrate, forming carbon nanotubes on the dielectric layer, forming a dummy gate stack on the carbon nanotubes, forming gate spacers on opposing sides of the dummy gate stack, and removing the dummy gate stack to form a trench between the gate spacers. The carbon nanotubes are exposed to the trench. The method further includes etching a portion of the dielectric layer underlying the carbon nanotubes, with the carbon nanotubes being suspended, forming a replacement gate dielectric surrounding the carbon nanotubes, and forming a gate electrode surrounding the replacement gate dielectric.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting device is provided to include: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; an organic layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, the organic layer including an emission layer; and at least one organometallic compound represented by Formula 1: M1M2L,??Formula 1 wherein, in Formula 1, M1 is a first metal center, M2 is a second metal center, and L is a ligand including a first ligand site coordinated to the first metal center and a second ligand site coordinated to the second metal center, and the first ligand site and the second ligand site are linked by an indoloindole derivative.

Abstract: A phosphorescent emitter or delayed fluorescent and phosphorescent emitters represented by Formula I or Formula II, where M is platinum or palladium.

Abstract: Provided are compounds comprising a ligand LA of Formula I

Abstract: A nitrogen-containing compound as shown in Chemical formula (1), an electronic element, and an electronic device are provided. In Chemical formula (1), Ar1 and Ar2 are selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C30 aryl, a substituted or unsubstituted C3 to C30 heteroaryl, or a substituted or unsubstituted C3 to C20 cycloalkyl; Ar3 is selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C6 to C20 aryl, or a substituted or unsubstituted C3 to C20 heteroaryl.

Abstract: A novel compound is provided. The novel compound is represented by General Formula (G1). In General Formula (G1), A represents a substituted or unsubstituted condensed aromatic ring having 10 to 30 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted condensed heteroaromatic ring having 10 to 30 carbon atoms, and R1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 25 carbon atoms. Each of Y1 and Y2 independently represents a cycloalkyl group having a bridge structure and having 7 to 10 carbon atoms.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescence device of an embodiment includes a first electrode, a hole transport region disposed on the first electrode, an emission layer disposed on the hole transport region, an electron transport region disposed on the emission layer, and a second electrode disposed on the electron transport region, wherein the hole transport region includes a diamine compound represented by Formula 1, thereby showing high emission efficiency:

Abstract: A novel organic compound is provided. An organic compound that emits light with high chromaticity is provided. An organic compound that emits blue light with high chromaticity is provided. An organic compound with high emission efficiency is provided. An organic compound having an excellent hole-transport property is provided. An organic compound having high reliability is provided. An organic compound that has a naphtho[2,3-b;7,6-b?]bisbenzofuran skeleton or a naphtho[2,3-b;7,6-b?]bisbenzothiophene skeleton and has a molecular weight of less than or equal to 5000 is provided. The present inventors have found that the organic compound is a significantly effective skeleton as a luminophor of a light-emitting element. The organic compound has high emission efficiency and exhibits favorable blue light emission; thus, a light-emitting element using the organic compound can be a blue light-emitting element with high emission efficiency.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an organic electroluminescent device. The organic electroluminescent device of the present disclosure comprises a specific combination of an electron buffer material and an electron transport material which can provide high efficiency and/or long lifespan.

Abstract: There is a diaryloxybenzoheterodiazole compound di-substituted with thienothiophenic groups having general formula (Ia): The diaryloxybenzoheterodiazole compound di-substituted with thienothiophenic groups having general formula (Ia) can be advantageously used as a spectrum converter in luminescent solar concentrators (LSCS) capable, in turn, of improving the performance of photovoltaic devices (or solar devices), selected for example, between photovoltaic cells (or solar cells), photovoltaic modules (or solar modules), either on a rigid support, or on a flexible support. More particularly, said photovoltaic devices (or solar devices) can be advantageously used in the construction of greenhouses.

Abstract: A thermoelectric power generation device including a thermoelectric element having a first side provided to a heating unit and a second side provided to a cooling unit, and a heat transfer pipe arranged in a passage in which a high temperature fluid flows. The heating unit and the heat transfer pipe have internal spaces communicating with each other. The internal space of the heating unit and the internal space of the heat transfer pipe form a circulation path in which a heat medium is circulated. An outlet of the heat transfer pipe from which the heat medium is discharged is provided in a position higher than an inlet of the heat transfer pipe into which the heat medium flows. The heat transfer pipe vaporizes the heat medium flowing in the circulation path by using heat of the high temperature fluid. The heating unit condenses the heat medium vaporized.

Abstract: A thermoelectric generation module includes a first substrate and a second substrate, a plurality of first electrodes and second electrodes that are arranged on the first substrate and the second substrate, a thermoelectric conversion element arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a terminal pin connected to the second electrode. The second substrate includes an insulator layer made of an electrical insulating material, a through-hole that penetrates the insulator layer for insertion of the terminal pin, and an annular metal layer arranged at a peripheral portion of the through-hole. A space between the terminal pin and the through-hole is sealed by solder.

Abstract: Integrated arrangements of electrical machines and power electronics converters are described. One such arrangement comprises: an electrical machine comprising one or more windings; a power electronics converter arranged to supply current to or receive current from the one or more windings of the electrical machine; a magnetocaloric effect (MCE) material in thermal contact with the power electronics converter; and a heat sink for removing heat from the MCE material. The MCE material is arranged in proximity to the one or more windings of the electrical machine whereby, in use, stray magnetic flux from the windings of the electrical machine passes through the MCE material and activates the MCE material. The repeated application and removal of the stray flux during normal operation of the electrical machine creates cycles of magnetic refrigeration, which removes heat from the power electronics converter.

Abstract: A hybrid structure and a method for manufacturing a hybrid structure comprising an effective layer of piezoelectric material having an effective thickness and disposed on a supporting substrate having a substrate thickness and a thermal expansion coefficient lower than that of the effective layer includes: a) a step of providing a bonded structure comprising a piezoelectric material donor substrate and the supporting substrate, b) a first step of thinning the donor substrate to form a thinned layer having an intermediate thickness and disposed on the supporting substrate, the assembly forming a thinned structure; c) a step of heat treating the thinned structure at an annealing temperature; and d) a second step, after step c), of thinning the thinned layer to form the effective layer. The method also comprises, prior to step b), a step a?) of determining a range of intermediate thicknesses that prevent the thinned structure from being damaged during step c).

Abstract: A vibration structure that includes a piezoelectric film constructed to deform in a plane direction as a voltage is applied thereto, a frame-shaped member, a vibration portion surrounded by the frame-shaped member in a plan view of the vibration structure, a support portion connecting the vibration portion and the frame-shaped member, and supporting the vibration portion within the frame-shaped member such that the vibration portion vibrates in the plane direction when the piezoelectric film is deformed in the plane direction, a first connection member that connects the piezoelectric film to the vibration portion, and a second connection member that connects the piezoelectric film to the frame-shaped member. Of the connection members, the first connection member is disposed between the center of gravity of the vibration portion and the second connection member.

Abstract: A housing includes a side wall that includes a button region that receives a pressing operation and a bottom wall that cooperates with the side wall to define a cavity. The bottom wall has first and second regions in which the first region is more easily displaced in response to the pressing operation than the second region. A press sensor is disposed on the bottom wall in the cavity and extends across portions of the first and second regions. A slit is located in the bottom wall between the side wall and the second region and causes the first region to be more easily displaced in response to the pressing operation than the second region.

Abstract: A piezoelectric element includes a piezoelectric body, an electrode layer, and a reinforcing layer. The piezoelectric body has a first main surface, a second main surface, and a side surface. The first main surface and the second main surface oppose each other. The side surface extends in an opposing direction in which the first main surface and the second main surface oppose each other in such a way as to connect the first main surface and the second main surface. The electrode layer is provided in the piezoelectric body. The reinforcing layer is provided on the first main surface. The electrode layer is provided opposing the first main surface and apart from the side surface. When viewed from the opposing direction, the electrode layer has a corner. When viewed from the opposing direction, the reinforcing layer overlaps the corner.

Abstract: Provided is a piezoelectric film capable of realizing an electroacoustic conversion film or the like in which the durability is high and a sufficient sound pressure with respect to an input operating voltage is obtained. The piezoelectric film is a piezoelectric film including a polymer-based piezoelectric composite material which contains piezoelectric particles in a matrix containing a polymer material, and electrode layers which are provided on both surfaces of the polymer-based piezoelectric composite material, in which in a case where a cross section of the piezoelectric film in a thickness direction is observed with a scanning electron microscope, the polymer-based piezoelectric composite material is divided into two equal regions in the thickness direction, and void volumes of the two regions are measured, a ratio of the void volume obtained by dividing the void volume of the region with a larger void volume by the void volume of the region with a smaller void volume is 1.2 or greater.

Abstract: A conductive via layer is deposited on a bottom electrode, then patterned and trimmed to form a sub 20 nm conductive via on the bottom electrode. The conductive via is encapsulated with a first dielectric layer, which is planarized to expose a top surface of the conductive via. A MTJ stack is deposited on the encapsulated conductive via wherein the MTJ stack comprises at least a pinned layer, a barrier layer, and a free layer. A top electrode layer is deposited on the MTJ stack and patterned and trimmed to form a sub 30 nm hard mask. The MTJ stack is etched using the hard mask to form an MTJ device and over etched into the encapsulation layer but not into the bottom electrode wherein metal re-deposition material is formed on sidewalls of the encapsulation layer underlying the MTJ device and not on sidewalls of a barrier layer of the MTJ device.

Abstract: A ferromagnetic layer is capped with a metallic oxide (or nitride) layer that provides a perpendicular-to-plane magnetic anisotropy to the layer. The surface of the ferromagnetic layer is treated with a plasma to prevent diffusion of oxygen (or nitrogen) into the layer interior. An exemplary metallic oxide layer is formed as a layer of metallic Mg that is plasma treated to reduce its grain size and enhance the diffusivity of oxygen into its interior. Then the plasma treated Mg layer is naturally oxidized and, optionally, is again plasma treated to reduce its thickness and remove the oxygen rich upper surface.

Abstract: A synthetic antiferromagnetic structure for a spintronic device is disclosed and has an FL2/Co or Co alloy/antiferromagnetic coupling/Co or Co alloy/CoFeB configuration where FL2 is a ferromagnetic free layer with intrinsic PMA. Antiferromagnetic coupling is improved by inserting a Co or Co alloy dusting layer on top and bottom surfaces of the antiferromagnetic coupling layer. The FL2 layer may be a L10 ordered alloy, a rare earth-transition metal alloy, or an (A1/A2)n laminate where A1 is one of Co, CoFe, or an alloy thereof, and A2 is one of Pt, Pd, Rh, Ru, Ir, Mg, Mo, Os, Si, V, Ni, NiCo, and NiFe, or A1 is Fe and A2 is V. A method is also provided for forming the synthetic antiferromagnetic structure.