Abstract: Provided are assays that can provide the percentage of a first mammalian cell population (e.g., human cells) compared to a second mammalian cell population (e.g. mouse cells) in a mixed cell sample. The assays can be used to, for example, evaluate a wide variety of sample types, including humanized mice, humanized organs, passaged cell lines, and passaged tumors. These assays can be offered alone or in combination with, for example, cell line authentication and/or interspecies contamination testing.

Abstract: A method for determining one or more tumour properties in a subject with a tumour, the method comprising: —seeding a cell-free scaffold obtained from the tumour with cancer cells; —culturing the cancer cells in the scaffold; —assaying the cultured cancer cells for the presence of target molecules indicative of the expression of one or more genes in the cells; and —determining one or more tumour properties based on the results of the assay.

Abstract: Nucleic acids and proteins having a mutant C-RAF sequence, and methods of identifying patients having cancer who are likely to benefit from a combination therapy and methods of treatment are provided.

Abstract: It is intended to provide a kit or a device for the detection of breast cancer and a method for detecting breast cancer. The present invention provides a kit or a device for the detection of breast cancer, comprising nucleic acid(s) capable of specifically binding to a miRNA in a sample of a subject, and a method for detecting breast cancer, comprising measuring the miRNA in vitro.

Abstract: Provided herein are materials and methods for detecting colorectal neoplasms and colon cancer based on the expression levels of stool-derived eukaryotic RNA biomarkers in eukaryotic nucleic acid present in a stool sample from a subject, for example, a patient. The methods can be used for the detection of high-risk adenomas and colorectal neoplasm molecular subtypes.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems, methods and kits for detecting and monitoring pathogens, such as bacterial, fungal and viral foodborne pathogens.

Abstract: Provided is a primer set for diagnosing Lyme disease and a composition including the same. Specifically, using a composition and kit including the primer set capable of detecting the causative agent of Lyme disease, it is possible to detect a Borrelia strain, which is the causative agent of Lyme disease, in a more accurate manner, and to diagnose Lyme disease in a rapid and inexpensive manner.

Abstract: The disclosed embodiments concern methods for determining sequences of interest using targeted unique molecular index (TUMI) sequences that are uniquely associated with individual polynucleotide fragments in plants, such as those present in a transgenic event, a site-specific mutation or a wild type variant. System, apparatus, and computer program products are also provided for determining a sequence of interest implementing the methods disclosed.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided herein for assessing CRISPR/Cas-mediated non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) activity and/or CRISPR/Cas-induced recombination of a target genomic locus with an exogenous donor nucleic acid in vivo and ex vivo. The methods and compositions employ cells and non-human animals comprising a Cas expression cassette such as a genomically integrated Cas expression cassette so that the Cas protein can be constitutively available or available in a tissue-specific or temporal-specific manner. Methods and compositions are also provided for making and using these non-human animals, including use of these non-human animals to assess CRISPR/Cas activity in vivo via adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated delivery of guide RNAs to the non-human animals.

Abstract: Provided are signal-inducing CRISPR-sensitive nucleic acid, optionally DNA, sensors, for example comprising: a) a non-functional CRISPR-sensitive DNA reporter construct comprising a non-functional expression cassette with at least one CRISPR target site inserted, generated by removal or addition of nucleic acids or naturally present in the expression cassette, the non-functional expression cassette having a reporter construct upstream end upstream of the CRISPR target site and a reporter construct downstream end downstream of the CRISPR target site, and b) a function-restoring nucleic acid, the function-restoring nucleic acid comprising an upstream flanking end, a function restoring repair insert and a downstream flanking end, wherein the upstream flanking end interfaces with reporter construct upstream end and/or the downstream flanking end interfaces with the reporter construct downstream end and one or both of the flanking ends are capable of permitting insertion or ligation of the function restoring repai

Abstract: Provided by the inventive concept is a DNA methylation-based platform, and machine learning algorithms, for diagnosing respiratory pathogens including SARS-CoV-2 and predicting COVID-19 related outcomes, and methods of using the same, such as in identifying the presence of a viral infection, such as a SARS-CoV-2 infection, determining whether a subject has COVID-19, and/or whether a subject with COVID-19 is likely to develop acute respiratory distress syndrome or multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for detecting and treating respiratory illness. The methods and compositions described herein comprise at least one probe that may hybridize with a target nucleotide molecule. The target nucleotide molecule may be a part of a virus, which in turn may be present in a subject, such as a human subject.

Abstract: To reduce production costs by increasing molten iron heating efficiency, a production method using an electric furnace is provided with a preheating chamber, a melting chamber, a cold iron source supporter operable to partition the preheating chamber into a first and a second preheating chamber, an extruder, and a video device operable to observe the second preheating chamber is used, the method including a melting process, a heating process, a preheating process, and a tapping process are performed. In the heating process, heating of the molten iron is started after the cold iron source supporter is closed, and based on the visual information obtained via the video device of the second preheating chamber.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for obtaining bainite are disclosed. The method includes heating a metal component in a vacuum chamber of a vacuum furnace to raise an internal temperature of the metal component, transferring the metal component from the vacuum chamber to a quench chamber of the vacuum furnace, quenching the metal component in oil that is maintained at a bainite-forming temperature range within a quench reservoir of the quench chamber, and removing the metal component from the quench chamber after a predetermined period of time.

Abstract: A hot rolled steel sheet is for a non oriented electrical steel sheet, wherein vickers hardness at the widthwise edge is 180 Hv or more, a value obtained by subtracting a vickers hardness at the widthwise center from the vickers hardness at the widthwise edge is 10 to 100 Hv, ductile brittle transition temperature at the widthwise edge is 0° C. or less, a value obtained by subtracting the ductile brittle transition temperature at the widthwise edge from a ductile brittle transition temperature at the widthwise center is 10 to 100° C., and a value obtained by subtracting a sheet thickness at the widthwise edge from a sheet thickness at the widthwise center is 50 ?m or less.

Abstract: A steel composition includes, in wt. %: C: 0.25-0.35; Si: 0.20-0.35; Mn: 0.40-0.60; Cr: 1.20-1.70; Ni: 1.40-1.90; Mo: 0.15-0.25; Al: 0.015-0.035; Nb: 0.001-0.040; V: 0.001-0.060; N: 0.0030-0.0120; Ca: 0.0010-0.0030; and Fe. The wrought article made from this composition has a balanced set of mechanical properties including strength, ductility and toughness including resistance to fatigue crack propagation.

Abstract: A steel pipe for pressure piping subjected to autofrettage has an average hardness at its outer layer region of 1.20 times or more of an average hardness at its inner layer region. When an outer diameter is D, and an inner diameter is d, a measured value of a residual stress at an outer surface is denoted by ?o1, a measured value of a residual stress at an outer surface after halving is denoted by ?o2, and a measured value of a residual stress at an inner surface after the halving is denoted by ?i2, an estimated value ?i1 of a residual stress at the inner surface of the steel pipe is determined by [?i1=(??i2)/(A×(t/T)2?1)], [t/T=((?o2??o1)/(A×(?o2??o1)?C×?i2))1/2], [A=3.9829× exp(0.1071×(D/d)2)], and [C=?3.3966×exp(0.0452×(D/d)2)] is ?150 MPa or less.

Abstract: An oil ring wire (2) containing an alloy steel as a material. The alloy steel contains: 0.50 to 0.65% by mass C; 1.60 to 2.30% by mass Si; 0.60 to 1.10% by mass Mn; 0.75 to 1.15% by mass Cr; 0.18 to 0.45% by mass Ni; 0.05 to 0.15% by mass V; and 0.15% by mass or less Cu. In the oil ring wire 2, an area percentage of a carbide is 1.00% or less. Also disclosed is a method of producing the oil ring wire.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pressure vessel steel plate having excellent high temperature PWHT resistance, comprising: 0.10-0.16 weight % C; 0.20-0.35 weight % Si; 0.4-0.6 weight % Mn; 7.5-8.5 weight % Cr; 0.7-1.0 weight % Mo; 0.005-0.05 weight % Al; 0.015 weight % or less P, 0.002 weight % or less S; 0.001-0.025 weight % Nb; and 0.25-0.35 weight % V, with the remainder being Fe and unavoidable impurities.

Abstract: A continuous annealer for wire is disclosed, and specifically for annealing and recrystallizing a wire in a continuous process. The continuous annealer for wire comprises: two contact discs for contacting a first wire portion extending therebetween; an annealing zone situated between the two contact discs; and annealing means for annealing the first wire portion in the annealing zone, as a result of which a first partial recrystallisation process in the first wire portion takes place in the annealing zone. A recrystallisation zone is situated downstream of the second contact disc, wherein, downstream of the annealing zone, the first wire portion passes through the recrystallisation zone as the second wire portion, and a second partial recrystallisation process takes place in the second wire portion. The wire has the opportunity to recrystallize further after leaving the annealing zone without further heating.

Abstract: A pellet including C-grade iron fines and a binder; a method of producing said pellet, including mixing the C-grade iron fines and the binder to form a mixture and agglomerating the mixture to form a pellet; and a method of producing steel, including heating a pellet including C-grade iron fines and a binder in an electric arc furnace are all provided.

Abstract: A continuous process for converting metal compound particles into a mixture of elemental metals. Metal compound particles and a reductant are introduced into an ultra-high temperature reaction zone having a temperature greater than 2,700° C. and an oxygen content less than 3 vol. %. The metal compound particles have particle sizes of d90 500 ?m. The metal compound particles have a residence time less than 1 minute in the ultra-high temperature reaction zone sufficient to mix with and react with the reductant to reduce the metal compound particles to form a mixture of elemental metals. The mixture of elemental metals is removed from the ultra-high temperature reaction zone. One or more elemental metals are separated or concentrated from the mixture of elemental metals within one or more separation zones based on differential size and density of the one or more elemental metals and the remaining mixture of elemental metals.

Abstract: Provided is an arrangement and process for charging iron ore to a direct reduction shaft, as well as an arrangement and process for discharging sponge iron from a direct reduction shaft. The processes each include steps of evacuating gas from a vessel by application of vacuum followed by refilling the vessel with a seal gas, wherein the seal gas is a non-oxidant gas. Also provided is a system for the production of sponge iron including such an arrangement for charging iron ore and/or discharging sponge iron. Further provided is a process for direct reduction of iron ore, wherein the process includes introducing a seal gas consisting essentially of a gas selected from hydrogen, biogas, bio-syngas, carbon dioxide, and combinations thereof to a direct reduction shaft in conjunction with charging iron ore and/or in discharging sponge iron.

Abstract: A method for recycling an aluminum alloy scrap includes performing selective oxidation roasting and washing treatment on the aluminum alloy scrap to obtain an uncoated aluminum alloy scrap; melting the uncoated aluminum alloy scrap in a refining furnace to obtain aluminum alloy melt liquid, online-detecting components of the aluminum alloy melt liquid and adding a metallic copper, a copper alloy, a magnesium alloy or a zinc alloy to the aluminum alloy melt liquid according to the requirements of target alloy components, performing pressure-controlled and oxygen-controlled melting through regulating pressure intensity and oxygen partial pressure in the refining furnace and coupling an external-field stirring mode to obtain refining aluminum alloy melt liquid; filtering the refining aluminum alloy melt liquid, to obtain an aluminum alloy melt with the target alloy components; and casting the aluminum alloy melt.

Abstract: Free-cutting copper alloy comprises Cu: more than 59.7% but less than 64.7%, Si: more than 0.60% but less than 1.30%, Pb: more than 0.001% but less than 0.20%, Bi: more than 0.001% but less than 0.10 mass %, and P: more than 0.001% but less than 0.15%, with remainder being Zn and unavoidable impurities, wherein total amount of Fe, Mn, Co, and Cr is less than 0.45%, the total amount of Sn and Al is less than 0.45%, 56.7?Cu?4.7×Si+0.5×Pb+0.5×Bi?0.5×P?59.7 and 0.003?Pb+Bi<0.25 are satisfied, 0.02?Bi/(Pb+Bi)?0.98 is satisfied if 0.003?Pb+Bi<0.08, 0.01?Bi/(Pb+Bi)?0.40 or 0.85?Bi/(Pb+Bi)?0.98 is satisfied if 0.08?Pb+Bi<0.13.

Abstract: An alloy product is produced by an aluminothermic reduction process and an alloying process with one or more other metals or master alloy, where the reduction process and the alloying process are performed in a single stage. The final alloy product may have a scandium concentration that is greater than 0% and less than about 2%. According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a first melt is produced at a first melt temperature, a melting and alloying step is performed at a second melt temperature, less than the first melt temperature, and the temperature of the first melt is not substantially less than the second melt temperature before the melting and alloying step.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the economic production of light structural components with high flexibility in the geometry attainable. It also relates to the material required for the manufacturing of those parts. The method of the present invention allows a very fast manufacturing of the parts. The method of the present invention also allows the economic manufacturing of components with intricate internal geometries (such as for example cooling or heating circuits).

Abstract: In various embodiments, metallic alloy powders are formed at least in part by spray drying to form agglomerate particles and/or plasma densification to form composite particles.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of that densifies spherodized granules having tungsten carbide and a metallic binder phase in a plasma, thereby producing densified spherodized granules.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a non-magnesium process to produce Compacted Graphite Iron (CGI) by placing a treatment alloy into a treatment ladle, and then placing an inoculant over the treatment alloy in the treatment ladle and pouring a molten base metal there over. The treatment alloy comprises iron, silicon and lanthanum, wherein lanthanum is 3-30% by weight of the treatment alloy, silicon is 40-50% by weight of the treatment alloy, and the remaining is Iron. Lanthanum in the treatment alloy makes the graphite precipitate as vermiculite (compacted form) instead of flake or spheroids. With extended process window offered by this new process (0.03-0.1% residual lanthanum in the metal) required to make CGI, this new process removes the stringent process control (0.01-0.02% residual magnesium in the metal) dictated by the magnesium process of making CGI.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a healable superplastic amorphous alloy, and specifically, to a healable superplastic amorphous alloy capable of exhibiting superplastic behavior and unique healable behavior by maximizing the complexity of the amorphous structure for an Icosahedral quenched-in nuclei quasi-crystal cluster to be formed in the amorphous matrix through the composition limitation and additive element control of Zr—Cu—Ni—Al alloy.

Abstract: A high-entropy austenitic stainless steel and a preparation method thereof are provided. The elemental composition of the stainless steels developed by the invention is as follows: Cr: 5-30%; Ni: 5-50%; Ti: 1-15%; Al: 1-15%; the rest are Fe and inevitable impurities; preferably, the composition is Cr: 5-19%; Ni: 5-29%; Ti: 6-15%; Al: 5-15%; the rest element is Fe. By adjusting the atomic ratio of each element, the nano-sized precipitates are generated as much as possible, and the strength is maximized while maintaining a high plasticity. The stainless steels provided by this invention have only five alloying components, a low manufacturing cost, and high-strength and high-plasticity. They can be widely used in many industrial fields such as aviation, aerospace, marine, and nuclear power with broad market prospects.

Abstract: The hot-dip plated steel material includes a steel material and a hot-dip plated layer disposed on a surface of the steel material, the hot-dip plated layer has a certain chemical composition, and the hot-dip plated layer has a diffraction intensity obtained from a result of X-ray diffraction measurement, the diffraction intensity satisfying a certain relationship.

Abstract: A plated steel wire, according to one aspect of the present invention, comprises: a base steel wire; and a zinc alloy plated layer. The zinc alloy plated layer comprises, in percentage by weight: 1.0% to 3.0% of AI; 1.0% to 2.0% of Mg; 0.5% to 5.0% of Fe; and the balance being Zn and unavoidable impurities, and includes a Zn/MgZn2/AI ternary eutectic structure, a Zn single-phase structure, and an Fe—Zn-AI-based crystal structure, wherein the Fe—Zn-AI-based crystal structure is formed adjacent to the base steel wire, and can have an average thickness of ? to ½ with respect to an average thickness of the zinc alloy plated layer.

Abstract: Disclosed in the present invention is an aluminum plated steel sheet, comprising a substrate and a plating layer on the surface of the substrate. The microstructure of the plating layer comprises a Mg2Si phase and an AlMgSiFe phase; and an average grain diameter of the Mg2Si phase is 0.001-5 ?m. The present invention can alleviate the problem of melting-induced roller sticking and hydrogen embrittlement risk in a thermoforming process of the aluminum plated steel sheet. The present invention further provides a manufacturing method for the aluminum plated steel sheet, and a thermoformed component and a manufacturing method therefor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a part, comprising the steps of chemically etching, in a wet acid medium, at least a portion of a surface of a substrate made of a monocrystalline superalloy, comprising at least one element chosen from rhenium and ruthenium, the substrate having a ?-?? phase, the substrate having an average mass fraction of rhenium and/or ruthenium greater than or equal to 3%, the chemical etching being done in such a way that the average mass fraction of rhenium and/or ruthenium over the portion of the surface of the substance is less than 2%, and a step of depositing on the portion of the substrate a protective coating having a ?-?? phase and an average mass fraction of rhenium and/or ruthenium of less than 1%.

Abstract: A hard carbon coating and a method to improve its adhesion on components and tools subjected to high loads or subjected to extreme friction, wear and contact with other parts. The metal carbide transition layer is situated between the adhesivepromoting layer deposited directly onto the substrate surface and a top hard carbon coating. The metal carbide transition layer has a denser microstructure and improved mechanical properties in order to resist failure by spalling.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a fixed-position defect doping method for a micro-nanostructure based on a self-alignment process, including: S1, sequentially forming a sacrificial layer and a photoresist layer on a surface of a crystal substrate; S2, performing a lithography on the photoresist layer to form a mask hole according to a micro-nano pattern; S3, performing an isotropic etching on the sacrificial layer through the mask hole, and amplifying the micro-nano pattern to the sacrificial layer; S4, performing an ion implantation doping on an exposed crystal surface below the mask hole; S5, removing the photoresist layer, and depositing a mask material; S6, removing the sacrificial layer, and transferring a micro-nano amplified pattern in the sacrificial layer to a mask material pattern; and S7, etching an exposed crystal surface, and removing the mask material on the surface and forming a specific defect by annealing.

Abstract: A mask assembly includes a mask, a frame having an external portion surrounding an opening, a mask fixing portion including a long-side stick and a short-side stick for fixing the mask, and a height correcting member connecting the mask fixing portion and the external portion of the frame.

Abstract: An embodiment provides a deposition device including a magnet part that includes magnets; and a substrate support that faces the magnet part and that supports a substrate, the substrate support includes a support plate and patterns formed on a first surface of the support plate, and each of the patterns corresponds to a space between neighboring magnets among the magnets or corresponds to the magnets.

Abstract: A mask module includes a framework and a first strip plate fixed on the framework and extending along a first direction. The first strip plate is provided with a first concave-convex structure on one side edge along the first direction. At least one convex structure is provided in a middle of the first concave-convex structure along the first direction. The convex structure and the first stripe plate are integrally formed.

Abstract: A mask module includes a framework, a first strip plate fixed on the framework and extending along a first direction, and a first mask. The first mask is located on a side, deviating from the framework, of the first strip plate. The first mask includes at least one preset area, and the preset area includes at least one opening area. The first strip plate is provided with a first concave-convex structure on one side edge along the first direction. At least one convex structure is provided in a middle of the first concave-convex structure along the first direction. In a direction perpendicular to a surface of the first mask, the first concave-convex structure and the convex structure cover at least a part of area of the at least one opening of the preset area. The convex structure and the first stripe plate are integrally formed.

Abstract: A mask frame assembly includes a mask frame including: a first surface including a first long side part extending in a first direction, a first short side part extending in a second direction intersecting the first direction, and a first recessed part extending in the first direction or the second direction, a second surface opposite to the first surface and including a second long side part extending in the first direction, a second short side part extending in the second direction, and a second recessed part disposed in the first direction or the second direction, a third surface connected to the first surface and the second surface and defining a frame opening part; a first support member disposed in the first recessed part; and a second support member disposed in the second recessed part.

Abstract: A variable hardness nanocomposite coating and method for its production. The variable hardness nanocomposite coating can be applied as a single layer on metallic engine components that require a break-in to achieve physical mating of interacting surfaces thereby reducing friction and optimizing engine performance. The single layer nanocomposite coating has a relatively higher carbon content and lower hardness at the surface region and a relatively lower carbon content and relatively higher hardness region as one proceeds towards a surface of the metal component being coated.

Abstract: Nuclear fuel rods are disclosed. The nuclear fuel rods include a substrate and a chromium alloy coating layer applied to the substrate. The chromium alloy coating layer comprises chromium (Cr); a element or compound selected from the group consisting of yttrium (Y), lanthanum (La), thorium (Th), zirconium (Zr), titanium (Ti), hafnium (I-lf), molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), vanadium (V), rhenium (Re), ruthenium (Ru), cobalt (Co), aluminum (Al), carbides, borides, intermetallics, and combinations thereof; and interstitial elements up to 1500 ppm, wherein carbon (C), oxygen (O), and nitrogen (N) are each 500 ppm or less.

Abstract: A multilayer coating including an adhesion layer; and a protective coating is disclosed. The multilayer coating can be applied to a portion of at least one of a base and a tip of an interface cone. A method of making a coated interface cone is also disclosed.

Abstract: A system for processing powder includes a process tube connected to load lock chamber via a vacuum valve. The load lock chamber includes first and second stations. Each of the first and second stations is configured to receive a barrel containing powder to be treated. A mechanical transfer mechanism is configured to: move a barrel containing powder to be treated from the first station into the process tube; move a barrel containing powder to be treated from the second station into the process tube; move a barrel containing treated powder from the process tube to the first station; and move a barrel containing treated powder from the process tube to the second station.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus reduce defects in substrates processed in a physical vapor (PVD) chamber. In some embodiments, a method for cleaning a process kit disposed in an inner volume of a process chamber includes positioning a glassy carbon shutter disk on a substrate support of the PVD chamber; energizing an oxygen-containing cleaning gas disposed in the inner volume of the PVD chamber to create a plasma reactive with carbon-based materials; and heating the process kit having a carbon-based material adhered thereto while exposed to the plasma to remove at least a portion of the carbon-based material adhered to the process kit.

Abstract: Methods for forming thin, low resistivity metal layers, such as tungsten (W) and ruthenium (Ru) layers. The methods include depositing a metal material onto a substrate via ion beam deposition with assist in a process chamber at a temperature of at least 250° C. to produce the metal film. A resulting thin tungsten film has large and highly oriented ?(110) grains having a resistivity less than 10 ??-cm and thickness less than 300 ?, with no discernable ?-phase. A resulting thin ruthenium film has a resistivity less than 12 ??-cm and a thickness less than 300 ?.

Abstract: A semiconductor device is manufactured by modifying an electromagnetic field within a deposition chamber. In embodiments in which the deposition process is a sputtering process, the electromagnetic field may be modified by adjusting a distance between a first coil and a mounting platform. In other embodiments, the electromagnetic field may be adjusted by applying or removing power from additional coils that are also present.