Abstract: An asphalt emulsion comprising water, asphalt, (A) an emulsifier selected from the group consisting of specific aliphatic amines, aminated lignins, imidazolines having a hydrocarbon group having 7 or more carbon atoms, and amidobetaines having a hydrocarbon group having 7 or more carbon atoms, (B) a polyphenolic compound, and (C) at least one member selected from the group consisting of anionic polumeric dispersants, hydroxycarboxylic acids and/or (D) at least one member selected from the group consisting of saccharides, sugar alcohols and polyhydric alcohols, which is excellent in storage stanility, mixability with aggregate and low foaming properties of the emulsion itself, in adherence of the products of breaking thereof to aggregate, and in stripping resistance of the construction executed by the use of the emulsion.

Abstract: The shelf-life of an electrocoagulation printing ink consisting essentially of a liquid colloidal dispersion containing an electrolytically coagulable colloid, a dispersing medium, a soluble electrolyte, a pigment and a dispersing agent uniformly dispersing said pigment into the dispersion, is increased by selecting as the dispersing agent an alkali metal salt of a naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde polycondensate having the general formula: ##STR1## in which R is an alkali metal and n is an integer ranging from about 5 to about 12.

Abstract: Correction fluids are provided which include a cationic stain blocking agent, an opacifying pigment and water. Preferred opacifying pigments include an alumina treated titanium dioxide and a clay. The new correction fluids have improved bleed resistance and hiding power.

Abstract: A pigmented ink jet ink comprising an aqueous carrier medium, a pigment, and aluminum stabilized colloidal silica particles of average particle size from 0.005 .mu.m to 0.050 .mu.m.

Abstract: A modified colored pigment is described which comprises colored pigment having attached at least one organic group. The organic group comprises a) at least one aromatic group or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl group and b) at least one ionic group, at least one ionizable group, or a mixture of an ionic group and an ionizable group. The aromatic group or the C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl group of the organic group is directly attached to the pigment and the organic group is present at a treatment level of from about 0.10 to about 4.0 micromoles/m.sup.2 of the pigment used based on nitrogen surface area of the pigment. Also described are aqueous and non-aqueous inks and coatings and ink jet ink compositions containing the modified colored pigment. A method to increase the flow of an ink is also disclosed as well as a method to improve the waterfastness of a print imaged by an ink composition.

Abstract: An aqueous recording solution for ink jet according to the present invention contains at least a water-soluble dye, a water-soluble fungusproofing agent and water, and a liquid extracted from at least one type of malvaceae, orchidaceae and aloe is used as the water-soluble fungusproofing agent.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are identical or different and are Cl, COO(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)-alkyl, CONH.sub.2, CONCH.sub.3, CON(CH.sub.3).sub.2 or SO.sub.2 NRR', where R and R' are identical or different and are hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or phenyl, it being possible for phenyl to be substituted by methyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy or halogen,R.sup.3 is hydrogen, methyl, methoxy, ethoxy, chloro or bromo, andR.sup.4 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 -alkyl, chloro or bromo,are useful yellow pigments with high light fastness and weather fastness properties.

Abstract: A process for preparing a stencil printing emulsion ink which is a water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion having an oil phase and a water phase and containing a water-insoluble colorant in the water phase, is provided. The process comprises the steps of preparing an aqueous dispersion of said water-insoluble colorant separately from water or an aqueous solution of the remaining water phase components, and adding said aqueous dispersion and water or said aqueous solution separately to said oil phase for emulsification. The process is suitable to produce emulsion inks of various colors, particularly of mixed colors containing two or more colorants in the water phase with a fixed formulation of the oil phase.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing an offset printing ink or concentrate thereof from the individual components on which the printing ink is based, which involves combining the individual solid and liquid components in a mixer and processing them directly therein to form the offset-printing ink or concentrate.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, it has been discovered that the adhesion properties and/or colorfastness of ink jet formulations when applied to a variety of substrates can be improved by adding a specific class of additives thereto. Invention formulations enable application of water-resistant (e.g., washable), colorfast images to a wide variety of substrates employing ink jet methodology.

Abstract: A modified carbon product is described which comprises carbon having attached at least one organic group wherein the organic group comprises a) at least one aromatic group or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl group, and b) a group having the formula --AG--Sp--LG--Z, wherein AG is an activating group, Sp is a spacer group, LG is a leaving group, and Z is a counterion, and wherein the aromatic or the C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl group is directly attached to the carbon, and wherein the organic group is present in any amount. The present invention also relates to ink and coating compositions comprising these modified carbon products.

Abstract: A method for making a dispersion for an ink, and the ink obtained from this method. The method comprises preparing a dispersion comprising colorant agglomerates and reducing the agglomerate size using a plastic medium. The dispersion is formed by dispersing the colorant agglomerates in a dispersant, optionally in the presence of a liquid carrier such as distilled or deionized water. The colorant in the dispersion may be a carbon black, yellow, cyan, or magenta pigment, or a combination thereof. The plastic medium is preferably a grinding medium, such as polystyrene.

Abstract: A modified carbon product is described which comprises carbon having attached at least one organic group. The organic group comprises a) at least one aromatic group or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl group and b) at least one ionic group, at least one ionizable group, or a mixture of an ionic group and an ionizable group. The aromatic group or the C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl group of the organic group is directly attached to the carbon and the organic group is present at a level of from about 0.10 to about 2.7 micromoles/m.sup.2 of the carbon used based on CTAB or t-area of the carbon or in an amount such that the modified carbon product has a residue value of more than about 5 wt %. Also described are aqueous and non-aqueous inks and coatings containing the modified carbon product. A method to increase the flow of an ink, as measured by glass plate flow, by incorporating the modified carbon product as part of the ink is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention comprises colorant stabilizers and a colorant composition which includes a colorant and a colorant stabilizer. The colorant stabilizer imparts light-stability to the colorant so that the colorant does not fade when exposed to electromagnetic radiation such as sunlight or artificial light.

Abstract: A recording ink composition comprises pure water, a water-soluble dye, a polyvalent alcohol, and phosphoric acid. When iron is contained as an impurity in the recording ink composition, the iron and phosphoric acid form a ferric (III) phosphato complex ion represented by ?Fe(HP0.sub.4)(H.sub.2 O)!.sup.+. Owing to the formation of the complex ion, the recording ink composition is prevented from discoloration which would be otherwise caused by iron ion. Further, the recording ink composition is prevented from formation and deposition of iron compounds. Therefore, the obtained ink has an excellent color tone, and the ink avoids blocking at a nozzle of a printing head or the like of an ink-jet printer.

Abstract: Coating compositions for making ink jet recording media are disclosed which comprise a mixture of a binder composition comprising a non-cationic water-insoluble binder resin having a surface energy greater than 40 dyn/cm dissolved or dispersed in an alcoholic liquid medium or dispersed in an aqueous liquid medium, the liquid medium having a boiling point less than 150.degree. C. and a viscosity up to 100 kpa:s at 25.degree. C., and hydrophilic pigment particles having a number average particle size in the range from 1-25 microns and an oil absorption of at least 60 g oil/100 g particles, the composition having a pigment particle to binder resin weight ratio in the range from 0.5:1 to 3:1. A recording medium for ink jet printing is also described which may be made using this coating composition, along with a process for making it. A process for making a water-resistant color image on a support material using the described recording medium, along with the product obtainable by that process, is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of producing a composition for coating fibrous sheet products includes adding a surface treatment agent in an aqueous emulsion or solution form to an aqueous suspension of a dispersed inorganic particulate material comprising kaolin to improve the coating composition, e.g., rheology, and the rotogravure printing process, e.g. runnability. The dispersing agent is polycarboxylate. The surface treatment agent is in a substantially free state, has a hydrophobic group, and is selected from the group consisting of: (i) a long chain fatty acid; (ii) a long chain fatty alcohol; or (iii) an anionic surfactant having a long chain hydrophobic group and a polar group. A hydrophilic adhesive is added to the dispersed aqueous suspension during or while the surface treatment agent is added to the dispersed aqueous suspension. This method is used to produce a coated and a printed coated cellulosic sheet member.

Abstract: Magnetic composites exhibit distinct flux properties due to gradient interfaces. The composites can be used to improve fuel cells and batteries and effect transport and separation of different chemical species. Devices utilizing the composites include an electrode and improved fuel cells, batteries. Some composites, disposed on the surface of electrodes, prevent passivation of those electrodes and enable direct reformation of liquid fuels. Methods involving these composites provide distinct ways for these composites to be utilized.

Abstract: A process for making ink which begins with a leach liquor of Al.sub.2 (SO.sub.4).sub.3 +K.sub.2 SO.sub.4 +Fe.sub.2 SO.sub.4 and other sulfates that are introduced to a surface-cooled crystallizer that drops the Al.sub.2 (SO.sub.4).sub.3 +18H.sub.2 O which is removed from the leach liquor. The leach liquor is then supplied with a mixture which includes K.sub.2 SO.sub.4 into a simple crystallization and evaporation unit to drop Al.sub.2 (SO.sub.4).sub.3 +K.sub.2 SO.sub.4 +24H.sub.2 O. A pressure of 250 PSI and a temperature of 200.degree. C. are then applied in a discrete continuous process that yield a basic sodium or sodium/potassium aluminum sulfate and excess sodium sulfate or sodium/potassium. The excess sodium sulfate or sodium/potassium sulfate is returned to the simple crystallization and evaporation unit. The basic potassium aluminum sulfate (BKAS) and/or basic sodium aluminum sulfate (BNaAS) Na.sub.2 SO.sub.4, 3Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, 4SO.sub.3, 9H.sub.2 O is used as a filler in the making of ink.

Abstract: The invention relates to an aqueous ink composition for use in ink jet printers comprising an aqueous carrier; a pigment; and a copolymer comprising a hydrophilic segment having an acidic function group, and a hydrophobic segment having a hydrolytically stable siloxyl substituent.

Abstract: A recording liquid containing an aqueous medium, a pigment and a polymer, wherein the polymer comprises at least one polymer containing a repeating unit A having at least one of a carboxyl group and an acid anhydride group and an allylether unit B of the formula (I), ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 alkyl group, R.sub.3 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkylcarbonyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkenylcarbonyl group, an aryl group, an arylcarbonyl group, an aralkyl group, an aralkylcarbonyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkylcarbonyl group, a heterocyclic group or a carbonyl group having a heterocyclic group, and these groups other than a hydrogen atom may have a substituent, and n is from 1 to 50.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an ink set of inks which have substantially identical light fastness properties. The ink set includes ink compositions containing a colorant and at least one colorant stabilizer. The colorant stabilizer imparts light-stability to the colorant so that the colorant does not fade when exposed to electromagnetic radiation such as sunlight or artificial light. The ink set provides a range of colored inks having similar light-stability.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pigment comprising(a) a flat core and(b) at least one coating consisting of at least two different substances that is applied to the surface of the core,whereinthe coating (b) has a substantially continuously variable composition in the axis lying perpendicular to its surface, andthe refractive indices of the coating (b) at the surface facing the core (a) and at the surface remote from the core (a) are different.An outer coating (c) may additionally have been applied to the coating (b). The pigment may be embedded in a high molecular weight organic material, the refractive index of the coating (b) at its surface that is remote from the core (a) and the refractive index of the high molecular weight organic material being different. Preferred embodiments relate to specific refractive index ranges and differences.

Abstract: The present invention provides an ink which contains a SERS--active metal aggregate containing a Raman active compound.

Abstract: A medium for water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion ink for stencil printing is provided, which is useful for diluting the emulsion ink to obtain a transparent and pale color ink without lowering viscosity of the ink. The medium is a water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion comprising an oil phase and a water phase, in which the medium contains an extending pigment in the oil phase but is free from coloring pigments. The medium preferably has an optical density value of 1.4 or more as measured by a reflection densitometer when the medium is applied and dried in a thickness of 50 .mu.m onto a transparent sheet placed on a black standard board, and has 32 or less of flow value in one minute as measured by a spreadometer. The extending pigment preferably constitutes 1 to 5% by weight of the total weight of the medium, and may be inorganic fine particles or organic fine particles that are insoluble in said oil phase. The inorganic fine particles may be those subjected to lipophilic treatment.

Abstract: Herein is disclosed a liquid ink jet ink comprising a carrier, a pigment and a compound having an aldehyde functional group.

Abstract: This invention relates to a sprayable guide coat composition for use in the detection of defects on surfaces and its method of use in surface finishing processes. The composition contains anti-loading agents which improve abrasive cut and life of the abrasive article (such as sandpaper) that it is used in conjunction with. The composition also improves quality and speed of removing surface defects by providing a fast drying coating.

Abstract: An ink-jet ink set comprises (a) a microemulsion-based black ink in which the colorant is a water-insoluble black pigment has been chemically modified to impart water solubility by addition of functional groups to form a macromolecular chromophore and (b) at least one non-black (cyan, yellow, or magenta) ink that is a typical aqueous dye-based ink with an agent that increases the ionic strength of the no-black ink and comprises either an inorganic salt or an organic acid; the organic acid is used to adjust the pH of the non-black ink to a value of less than 5. The non-black ink may alternatively comprise a water-insoluble non-black pigment that has also been chemically modified. The macromolecular chromophore-containing ink, or pigment-based ink, of the ink-jet ink set is a microemulsion that contains a substantially water-insoluble organic oil, an organic co-solvent, and water and, optionally, an amphiphile and a high molecular weight colloid.

Abstract: Provided is an ink jet fluid composition which comprises a liquid carrier medium and one or more chromium complexes of organic acids. Upon ink jet printing on a printing medium and subsequent exposure to an energy source, a durable and water-insoluble layer is formed. Such an ink jet fluid composition and printing process can be advantageously used to produce durable and water-insoluble images on printing media.

Abstract: A cyan ink, for ink jet recording, capable of realizing good lightfastness and waterfastness and, in addition, capable of realizing a good image, especially an image having good hue, and an ink set comprising the above cyan ink in combination with a magenta ink and a yellow ink are provided. The use of a combination of C.I. Pigment Blue 60, 22, 64, or 21 with C.I. Pigment Blue 15:3 as a cyan ink enables the formation of a good image. An ink set comprising this cyan ink composition in combination with a yellow ink comprising C.I. Pigment Yellow 109 and C.I. Pigment Yellow 110 and a magenta ink comprising C.I. Pigment Red 122 or C.I. Pigment Red 209 can realize a good image.

Abstract: A dispersion ink for ink jet printing and which is stable and produces good quality print on plain paper for extended periods of time without the need to interrupt printing to clean the print head, comprises a diluent containing a non-polar component, a pigment and a dispersant for stabilizing the dispersion of the pigment in the diluent, and has a polar solubility parameter greater than 0 but not greater than 7.0 MPa.sup.1/2 and a dewetting velocity of at least 100 .mu.m.sec.sup.-1, measured on a surface having a surface energy of 10.+-.1 mN.m.sup.-1.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing a pigment composition whereby a mixture of an organic pigment and an inorganic filler is subjected to an air jet milling step. The inventive process is an environmentally friendly process which yields pigments having outstanding dispersibility and wetting characteristics when incorporated in plastics, aqueous or solvent based coatings and inks.

Abstract: Ink cartridges containing ink compositions containing nanometer scale pigment particles are produced by preparing a pigment solution including a solubilized pigment-Lewis acid complex and an aprotic solvent system, separating the pigment from the pigment solution to form pigmented particles either by precipitating pigment nanoparticles or by dyeing colloidal particles with the solubilized pigment-Lewis acid complex, concentrating the pigmented particles, then dispersing the pigmented particles in a formulating solvent to form an ink composition, and finally introducing the ink composition into an ink cartridge. The ink compositions are particularly suitable for use in ink jet ink cartridges.

Abstract: A surface-modified colored pigment is disclosed which includes a colored pigment having no primary amines and at least one attached hydrophilic organic group, wherein said organic group comprises a) at least one aromatic group, and b) at least one ionic group or ionizable group, or a mixture of an ionic group or an ionizable group. The colored pigment may be blue, brown, cyan, green, violet, magenta, red, orange, yellow, mixtures thereof and the like. The surface-modified colored pigment, due to the hydrophilic groups on its surface, is readily dispersed in a liquid vehicle without the addition of a surfactant or other dispersing aid or additive. The surface-modified color pigment may be used in a variety of aqueous systems including, but not limited to, coatings, paints, papers, adhesives, latexes, inks, toners, textiles and fibers. In addition, an aqueous composition is disclosed including water-based liquid vehicle and the surface-modified colored pigment described above.

Abstract: An ink jet printer ink of the kind comprising a dispersion of a pigment in a non-aqueous diluent wherein the diluent is a single phase liquid comprising a major amount of aliphatic hydrocarbon and a minor amount of a polar component, comprising oleyl alcohol alone or in combination with a least one other polar liquid such as an ether or an ester.

Abstract: The ink of the invention comprises a vehicle and a colorant. The colorant is a water-insoluble macromolecule that has been chemically modified to be water soluble by addition of functional groups to the surface of the chromophores resulting in water soluble colorant particles. The resulting chromaphore is called a macromolecular chromophore (MMC). The performance of these MMCs is improved by substitution of (a) the normal counter-cations with substituted ammonium cations or (b) the normal counter-anions with any of a variety of organic and inorganic anions. The inks described herein demonstrate high edge acuity, high optical density, fast drying times, high waterfastness, and high smearfastness.

Abstract: Ballpoint pen pastes comprising at least one phthalocyanine pigment and customary ballpoint pen paste resin and organic solvent as essential components and also, if desired, further customary additives, and the preparation thereof.

Abstract: Pigment preparations obtainable by coating an organic pigment suspended in an aqueous medium with a resin having an acid number of .gtoreq.200 and with a nonionic surfactant, and isolating and optionally drying and mechanically comminuting the coated pigment, are useful for pigmenting water-thinnable printing inks and coatings.

Abstract: A water-in-oil type emulsion ink for stencil printing, including an oil phase and an aqueous phase. The oil phase contains a pigment and a relatively high molecular weight resin having a weight average molecular weight of between 25,000 and 150,000.

Abstract: A coated pigment highly surface-modified with a substantially water-insoluble organic surface modifier, produced by preparing a mixture of water and a substantially water-insoluble organic surface modifier, pressurizing the mixture, introducing the mixture into a flow path having a diameter-decreased portion and a turning portion to cause a shear force in the mixture of which the flow is accelerated while the mixture is passing the diameter-decreased portion, mutual collision of the mixture of which the flow has been accelerated or collision of the mixture of which the flow has been accelerated against a wall constituting the flow path, thereby obtaining an aqueous dispersion in which the substantially water-insoluble organic surface modifier is homogeneously dispersed in the water, mixing the aqueous dispersion with the pigment to coat the pigment with the substantially water-insoluble organic surface modifier, and isolating the pigment coated with the substantially-water-insoluble organic surface modifier.

Abstract: The invention provides a liquid composition containing a metallic coordination compound in a solvent, an ink set in which the liquid composition is combined with one or more inks, a method of forming an image, and an image-forming apparatus applying them.

Abstract: Disclosed is an ink composition which comprises water, a colorant, a nonionic surfactant, and a fluorinated material selected from the group consisting of (a) those of the formula ?(F.sub.2n+1 C.sub.n CH.sub.2 S).sub.2 (CH.sub.3)C--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 COO.sup.- !?B.sup.+ !, wherein n is an integer of from about 8 to about 20 and B is a cation, and (b) those of the formula ?(F.sub.3 C(F.sub.2 C).sub.n CH.dbd.CHCH.sub.2 OCH(OH)CH.sub.2).sub.2 NCH.sub.2 COO.sup.- !?X.sup.+ !, wherein X is a cation. Also disclosed are ink jet printing processes employing the aforementioned ink.

Abstract: Disclosed is an ink composition which comprises an aqueous liquid vehicle, a pigment, and a vesicle-forming lipid, wherein vesicles of the lipid are present in the ink.

Abstract: An organic acid component is employed in a first ink-jet ink composition to reduce the pH differential required to render insoluble the pH-sensitive colorant of a second encroaching ink-jet ink composition. By inducing the precipitation of the pH-sensitive colorant, migration of the colorant is inhibited, thereby substantially reducing bleed between the pH-sensitive ink and the ink containing the organic acid (the "target" ink). The organic acid component is employed at a concentration ranging from about 0.25 to 20 wt % and may be represented by such as acids as polyacrylic, acetic, glycolic, malonic, malic, maleic, ascorbic, succinic, glutaric, fumaric, citric, tartaric, lactic, sulfonic, ortho-phosphoric acid, derivatives thereof. Without the organic acid component, a pH differential on the order of at least 4 and more likely 5 units must exist between the pH-sensitive ink and the target ink to substantially eliminate bleed.

Abstract: The present invention comprises colorant stabilizers and a colorant composition which includes a colorant and a colorant stabilizer. The colorant stabilizer imparts light-stability to the colorant so that the colorant does not fade when exposed to electromagnetic radiation such as sunlight or artificial light.

Abstract: Disclosed is an ink composition which comprises (a) water, (b) a colorant, (c) a fluorinated material selected from: (1) those of the formula ?(F.sub.2n+1 C.sub.n CH.sub.2 S).sub.2 (CH.sub.3)C--CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 COO.sup.- !?B.sup.+ !, wherein n is an integer of from about 8 to about 20 and B is a cation, (2) those of the formula ?(F.sub.3 C(F.sub.2 C).sub.n CH.dbd.CHCH.sub.2 OCH(OH)CH.sub.2).sub.2 NCH.sub.2 COO.sup.- !?X.sup.+ !, wherein X is a cation and n is an integer of from about 3 to about 20, and (3) mixtures thereof, and (d) a monomeric compound having at least two carboxylic acid functional groups. Also disclosed is a process for preparing said ink composition which comprises (i) admixing the ink ingredients, and (ii) subjecting the mixture thus formed to ultrasonification, thereby reducing the average particle diameter of liposomes of the fluorinated material in the ink.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an ink jet recording liquid obtained by dispersing a pigment in an aqueous medium, said aqueous medium comprising glycerol and 1,3-propanediol. The ink jet recording liquid of the present invention is capable of sustaining prolonged stable discharge onto the recording surface without clogging the nozzle of an ink jet printer and exhibits excellent storage stability.

Abstract: The present invention provides a phthalocyanine of Formula (1): ##STR1## wherein: MPc is a phthalocyanine nucleus of Formula (2); ##STR2## in which M is a metal atom, a chloro-metal group, an oxy-metal group or hydrogenX is halogenR.sup.1 is an benzylamino or N-alkyl aminoalkylR.sup.2 is H or an optionally substituted alkyla has an average value from 15 to 8b has an average value from 1 to 8a+b is from 4 to 16.

Abstract: An aqueous ink jet ink composition comprising pigment, water, and an (A.sub.n -B.sub.m) block copolymer wherein n represents the degree of polymerization of A and m represents the degree of polymerization of B, wherein A is styrene, and B is acrylic acid.

Abstract: In an ink composition comprising a water-soluble dye or a pigment, dissolved or dispersed in an aqueous medium, the ink composition fulfills at least one of the following conditions 1 to 6 in respect of the concentration of metals contained therein:Condition 1; Barium concentration, not more than 4 ppmCondition 2; Zinc concentration, less than 1 ppmCondition 3; Nickel concentration, less than 0.05 ppmCondition 4; Strontium concentration, less than 0.01 ppmCondition 5; Iron concentration, not more than 0.3 ppmCondition 6; Silicon concentration, less than 1.5 ppm.