Abstract: Ink and coating compositions are disclosed comprising a silicon-treated carbon black. The silicon-treated carbon black may have at least one attached organic group, and the ink and coating compositions may comprise a combination of silicon-treated carbon black products, with and/or without at least one attached organic group, and untreated carbon black. Methods are disclosed for improving the jetness, improving the blue tone, improving the platewear, reducing the premix residue, modifying rheological properties, or improving waterfastness, of ink and coating compositions by incorporating therein silicon-treated carbon black.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for preparing pigment compositions comprising(a) treating an organic pigment with(1) about 0.1 to about 100% by weight, relative to the organic pigment, of a sterically hindered and/or bulky primary amine,(2) 0 to about 100% by weight, relative to the organic pigment, of a surfactant, and(3) about 5 to about 15 parts by weight per part by weight of the organic pigment of a liquid in which the organic pigment is substantially insoluble,thereby forming a suspension of the surface-treated pigment composition in the liquid;(b) exposing the suspension to cavitating conditions; and(c) collecting the pigment composition.

Abstract: A color ink jet ink set for color printing is disclosed. The set comprises:(a) a first ink comprises a carrier and a bridged aluminum phthalocyanine pigment as a cyan colorant;(b) a second ink comprising a carrier and a quinacridone pigment as a magenta colorant; and(c) a third ink comprising a carrier and a non-benzidine yellow pigment.A fourth ink comprising pigment black 7 may also be included in the set.

Abstract: An ink system comprising a first ink containing a flocculating dye in an aqueous solution and a second ink containing a dispersant-pigment complex in an aqueous solution reduces bleed between the two inks when they are applied side by side.

Abstract: A recording ink includes water, a coloring agent and a water soluble co-solvent having a molecular weight of lower than 1,000. The recording ink has a viscosity at 25.degree. C. of higher than 5 cps.

Abstract: Pigmented inks are disclosed comprising an aqueous medium, a pigment, a dispersant, and a humectant. Inks are disclosed where the humectant is a sulfonated polyethylene oxide which provides long decap times and fast drying of the printed image. Inks are further disclosed where the dispersant is an alkyl(sulfophenoxy)benzenesulfonic acid or its salt. Such dispersants reduce the agglomeration of pigment particles and reduce or eliminate the deposition of foreign substances on heater elements during the jetting process. A variety of pigments, dispersants, humectants, and aqueous media can be used. Combinations of a sulfonated polyethylene oxide humectant and an alkyl(sulfophenoxy)benzenesulfonic acid (salt) dispersant provide inks with good stability, few kogation problems, long decap times and relatively fast drying times.

Abstract: The invention relates to a heatset intaglio printing ink especially suited for the intaglio printing of security documents such as currency, postage stamps, stock certificates, bank notes and the like. The ink comprises: a) an epoxy resin ester reacted with an unsaturated monobasic acid and a reactive monomer, b) a glycol and/or glycol ether, c) a pigment, d) a drier and e) a compound obtained by reacting an amine/epoxy adduct with a phenolic resin or polyhydric phenol compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing aqueous pigment ink which forms a black matrix having high optical density, excellent flatness of a film and low conductivity, and imparts high resolution power to a color filter. The process comprises the steps of:finely dispersing a carbon black having an oil absorptivity of not more than 100 ml/100 g in an aqueous medium; andoxidizing the carbon black by using a hypohalite.

Abstract: The invention relates to polymeric dispersants used in formulating aqueous ink compositions, as well as inks containing those dispersants. The dispersants are graft copolymers comprising a hydrophilic polymeric segment, a hydrophobic polymeric segment incorporating a hydrolytically-stable siloxyl substituent, and a stabilizing segment, such as a reactive surfactant macromer, a protective colloid macromer, or a non-siloxyl hydrophobic monomer. The inks made with these dispersants show excellent stability, print characteristics, water-fastness, light-fastness, optical density, and in-use maintenance characteristics.

Abstract: An water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion ink for stencil printing is provided, which is excellent in emulsion stability and drying, high in printing density and low in blurring and seep through. The W/O emulsion ink has an oil phase and a water phase, in which a water-insoluble colorant is contained in said water phase, and said oil phase comprises a solvent and an agent for thickening said solvent. The oil phase preferably has a viscosity at 23.degree. C. of 5-20,000 cps, more preferably 15-2,000 cps. The thickening agent may be a resin in an amount of 1-30%, preferably 2-25% by weight of the total of the ink, or may be oil-insoluble particulates or powders in an amount of 0.01-10%, preferably 0.1-5% by weight of the total of the ink.

Abstract: An ink jet ink comprising a carrier, a pigment and a water dispersible polyester ionomer having an absolute molecular weight from 750 to 8000 and a glass transition temperature from 10.degree. to 80.degree. C.

Abstract: Bleed control and fast dry times are achieved in aqueous pigment dispersion-based ink-jet ink compositions by formulating the ink compositions to comprise at least one aqueous pigment dispersion and a microemulsion comprising at least one water-insoluble organic compound, at least one hydrotropic amphiphile, and water. The hydrotropic amphiphile is present in the microemulsion in an amount sufficient to solubilize the water-insoluble organic compound.

Abstract: A non-aqueous coating or ink composition having incorporated therein a modified carbon product comprising carbon having attached a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic group is described. Also described is a modified carbon product comprising carbon and an attached organic group having a) an aromatic group and b) at least one group of the formula SO.sub.2 NR.sub.2 or SO.sub.2 NR(COR) wherein R is independently hydrogen, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, a C.sub.3 -C.sub.20 substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, (C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 alkyleneoxy).sub.x R' or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl; R' is hydrogen, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, a C.sub.3 -C.sub.20 substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 substituted or unsubstituted alkanoyl or substituted or unsubstituted aroyl; and x is from 1 to 40.

Abstract: This invention relates to pigment compositions comprising an organic pigment treated with about 0.1 to about 20% by weight, based on the organic pigment, of an N-heteroarylamidomethyl pigment derivative having the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein, Q represents an organic pigment moiety,NHet represents a nitrogen-containing heteroaromatic group attached at a ring nitrogen atom to the carbonyl function of the amidomethyl linking group, andn is from 1 to 4.

Abstract: A modified carbon product is described which comprises carbon having attached at least one organic group. The organic group comprises a) at least one aromatic group or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl group and b) at least one ionic group, at least one ionizable group, or a mixture of an ionic group and an ionizable group. The aromatic group or the C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl group of the organic group is directly attached to the carbon and the organic group is present at a level of from about 0.10 to about 2.5 micromoles/m.sup.2 of the carbon used based on CTAB or t-area of the carbon or in an amount such that the modified carbon product has a residue value of more than about 5 wt %. Also described are aqueous and non-aqueous inks and coatings containing the modified carbon product. A method to increase the flow of an ink, as measured by glass plate flow, by incorporating the modified carbon product as part of the ink is also disclosed.

Abstract: The aqueous ink of a pigment type comprises a pigment, water, a water-soluble solvent and a sulfite, and may further comprise a dispersant. An example of the dispersant comprises a copolymer of a monomer (a) represented by general formula (A), and one or more monomers (b) selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by general formulae (B) and (C): ##STR1## wherein AO represents an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 3 carbon atoms, and n represents an integer of 110 to 300.

Abstract: Oxo oils may be used as additives for plastics, in particular for a chloride-containing plastic, preferably PVC, as part of liquid stabilizer compositions.

Abstract: Aqueous phase separation is employed to reduce or substantially eliminate bleed between adjacently-printed ink-jet ink compositions. An ink-jet ink set is provided that comprises first and second ink-jet inks, both of which comprise a colorant and an aqueous vehicle. The vehicle of the first ink-jet ink includes a polymer, while the vehicle of the second ink-jet includes a second species capable of inducing aqueous phase separation between the first and second inks in the event of contact therebetween. The resulting aqueous phases are separated by an interfacial boundary that serves to inhibit bleed between the inks. Importantly, in spite of the polymer concentration contained therein, the inks in the ink-jet ink set have sufficiently low viscosities such that they are capable of being readily jetted from an ink-jet pen.

Abstract: A composition is disclosed which comprises a) an amphiphilic ion, and b) a modified carbon product comprising carbon having attached at least one organic group. The organic group has a charge opposite to the amphiphilic ion. Also disclosed are aqueous and non-aqueous ink and coating compositions incorporating this composition. Ink jet ink compositions are further described incorporating this composition.

Abstract: An ink composition comprised of a colorant and a reversible crosslinked component vehicle obtained from the reaction product of an anhydride and an organoamine, and which ink possesses a viscosity of from about 1 centipoise to about 25 centipoise at a temperature of from about 125.degree. C. to about 185.degree. C.

Abstract: An ink composition is disclosed which comprises a water-insoluble colorant, a water-soluble organic solvent, and water, the ink composition being substantially free from any dispersant, the water-insoluble colorant being in a dispersed state in the ink composition. The ink composition of the present invention, despite the fact that no dispersant is used, is stable and can provide a good print. A process for producing the above ink composition is also disclosed. According to this process, a stable ink composition can be produced without the step of dispersing a colorant by means of a ball mill or the like.

Abstract: An ink composition is provided which, when used for ink jet recording, does not clog a recording head and provides a high-quality print and, at the same time, has high storage stability. The ink composition comprises a pigment, a dispersant, and water, the dispersant being a polymeric dispersant having a carboxyl group, the ink composition further comprising a hydroxide of an alkali metal and an alcoholamine having at least one hydroxyl group.

Abstract: Aqueous ink jet ink compositions comprising an aqueous carrier medium, a colorant, such as a dye or a pigment, and a polyampholyte containing at least one carboxylic acid group and at least one amine group have improved dispersion stability and flexibility in manufacturing.

Abstract: An electrical chargeable dielectric coating powder and a triboelectric coating process for applying the powder to substrates are described. The coating powder is a mass of finely divided, heat fusible dielectric plastic material having an average particle size (My) of between 30 and 45 microns and a particle size distribution (all percents defined in weight percent) of:95%-100% smaller than 88 microns,5%-15% smaller than 15.56 microns and0%-6% smaller than 11 microns.Preferably the coating powder has 0% larger than 88 microns and an Mv=about 30-40, preferably 35-40 microns. More preferably the particle distribution further includes10%-15% smaller than 15.56 microns and4%-6% smaller than 11 microns, andan Mv of between about 35 and 36 microns. Most preferably the particle distribution further includes:about 11.5% smaller than 15.56 microns andabout 4.3% smaller than 11 microns, andan Mv of about 35.9. Preferably the powder is a thermosetting resin composition.

Abstract: A thermochromic color-memory compositions exhibiting high color contrast between high color density in a colored state and sufficiently low color density in a decolored state with high freedom of selection of the reaction medium, and highly useful as a thermochromic material. The thermochromic color-memory composition comprises a homogeneous solubilized mixture of essential three components of (a) an electron-donating color-developing organic compound, (b) an electron-accepting compound, and (c) a reaction medium for controlling a color reaction of the component (a) with the component (b); the component (c) being selected from aliphatic ketones of 10 to 22 total carbons and aryl alkyl ketones of 12 to 24 total carbons; and the composition changing the color thereof with a large hysteresis width (.DELTA.H) of from 8.degree. C. to 80.degree. C.

Abstract: This invention relates to shaped, non-dusting, non-sticking, free-flowing masticating agents based on 2,2'-dibenzoamidodiphenyl disulphide and paraffins having a solidification point in the range from 50.degree. to 85.degree. C., a needle penetration of 8 to 25 in 1/10 mm, a viscosity of 2 to 10 mm.sup.2 /s. The masticating agents according to the invention are used to reduce the viscosity of rubbers containing double bonds and are customarily used in quantities of 0.01 to 3 parts by weight.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid silicone ester having a melting point of up to about 30.degree. C., and comprising (A) units of the general formula R.sub.a R.sup.E.sub.b SiO.sub.[4-(a+b)]/2 or (B) R.sub.x R.sup.E.sub.y SiO.sub.1/2 units and SiO.sub.4/2 units; R.sup.E being an ester-containing organic group. The silicone ester is liquid at ambient skin temperature and has improved workability, improved payout, improved emollient properties, greater solubility in organic compounds, greater substantivity to surfaces and improved water resistance.

Abstract: The use of calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide as a crack-inhibiting additive for tape joint compositions is disclosed. Tape joint compositions containing calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide maintain their workability while experiencing less cracking upon drying.

Abstract: The invention relates to a homogeneous liquid composition which comprises: (1) liquid hydrocarbon compatible with liquid toners for electrostatic imaging, (2) at least one charge director, and (3) at least one stabilizing component in an amount effective to stabilize the electrical properties of said at least one charge director, said component being selected from piperidinemethanol and polyoxyalkylene ethers of formula R(O--A).sub.n OH, wherein R is alkyl or alkenyl containing 10-20 carbon atoms, A is C.sub.2-3 -alkylene and n is 2-24; and to liquid toners characterized by the presence of at least one charge director and at least one stabilizing component therefor as defined in (3), above.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of granules by spray-drying of an aqueous suspension having a solids content of greater than/equal to 30% and containing at least one dye, fluorescent brightener or photoactivator and one condensation product from naphthalenesulfonic acid and formaldehyde and, if necessary, further auxiliaries and/or diluents. The spray-drying is carried out at a feed pressure of 50-150 bar, the residual moisture content of the product is less than 4%, and the granules obtained are in particular very pressure resistant and abrasion resistant.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for manufacturing water reducing plasticizing and hardening-retarding plasticizing additives for concrete, using sugarcane derivatives that modify the structural characterisitics of the concrete, resulting in improved plasticity and density and altering of the curing time.

Abstract: New pigment compositions, in storage-stable free-flowing flake form comprise(a) pigment; and(b) water in a maximum amount of 10% by weight above the critical moisture content of the pigment component.The pigment compositions are produced by partially de-watering conventional aqueous pigment compositions, especially aqueous pigment filter-cakes.

Abstract: Synthetic chicken litter of foamed polymer is coated with a tough polymeric coating which cannot be pecked off by chickens. The litter is distributed on the floor of a chicken pen to prevent direct contact between the floor and the chicken. The depth of the litter on the floor will be from about one to about twelve centimeters.

Abstract: A compound having the formula ##STR1## wherein R is one or more moieties selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 is an alkyl group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, R.sup.1 is an alkyl group having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, m is an integer from 0 to 3, y is an integer from 1 to 3, x and z are each an integer from 0 to 2, n and p are each an integer from 1 to 20, with the proviso that m+yp=4n, the sum of x, y and z is 3.

Abstract: The utilization of ethoxylated polyethyleneamines for addition to aqueous dispersions of pyrogenically prepared silicon dioxide in order to obtain an increase of the thickening action thereof.

Abstract: A coupling agent composition comprised of the reaction product of (a) about two mole parts of maleic anhydride with (b) about one mole part of a diamine functional silane compound of the general formula ##STR1## where R denotes an alkyl radical, R' denotes an alkyl radical, R" and R'" denote alkylene radicals and x is 0 or 1; and (c) sufficient solvent to solubilize (a) and (b).

Abstract: There is disclosed an extrusion processing aid composition for the extrusion of polyolefins, particularly linear low density polyethylene and high density polyethylene films or sheets; polyolefin compositions containing said processing aid and a process of extruding polyolefins using said processing aid. The processing aid is a composition comprising (a) an amide of a saturated or unsaturated carboxylic acid or a saturated or unsaturated alkylene bis-amide of a saturated or unsaturated dicarboxylic acid; (b) an aliphatic hydrocarbon polymer mixture having a molecular weight of from about 400 to about 50,000; and (c) an oxygen-containing high density, low molecular weight ethylene polymer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a screening paste for covering a selected portion of a metallurgical pattern on a substrate while leaving other metallurgy uncovered. The paste is free of polymers and consists, in one example, of 75-80% of a ceramic particulate (such as alumina), 2-8% amorphous fumed silica and 15-20% of linear alcohol. The linear alcohol serves as a vehicle to deliver the solid particles in the paste. In use, after covering the selected portion of the metallurgical pattern with the paste, the alcohol content therein is expelled by subjecting to vacuum treatment at room temperature or heating to a low temperature below about 275.degree. C. thereby obtaining an inert, dry and crack-free protective coating. Upon evaporation of a new metal layer onto the substrate and removal of the protective coating and new metal layer from everywhere except the uncovered metallurgy, the metallurgical pattern is selectively coated with the new metal.

Abstract: Printed materials such as tickets, lottery forms, cards and contest forms, bearing a hidden message which is revealable by scratching off a covering opaque layer, are prepared by printing the message on the substrate, lithographing a protective layer such as a clear varnish or a pigmented varnish-ink over the hidden message, and then lithographing a hiding coat over the applied protective layer. The protective layer formulation and the hiding coat layer are both based upon compatible, preferably the same, film forming resin systems, and are deposited from a common solvent. The protective layer may provide a clear, colorless transparent film through which the message may be viewed, or a colored see-through layer, so that it constitutes one color layer also for the printing of other areas of the substrate.

Abstract: In a microencapsulation process which causes hydrophobic core material containing an oil-soluble melamine-formaldehyde precondensate to emulsified in water or in a hydrophilic medium, and to form capsule wall film under conditions for promoting polycondensation, the process which is characterized in that said oil-soluble melamine-formaldehyde precondensate is 40 to 100% in a degree of formaldehyde substitution, 80 to 100% in alkylation degree, and 4 to 11 in hydrophobic degree.

Abstract: Described is a genus of compounds defined according to the structure: ##STR1## (Z) represents one of the moieties ##STR2## as well as the substantially pure compound defined according to the structure: ##STR3## and the use thereof for augmenting or enhancing the aroma or taste of consumable materials including foodstuffs, chewing gums, medicinal products, toothpastes, chewing tobaccos, smoking tobaccos, smoking tobacco articles, perfumes, colognes and perfumed articles including solid or liquid anionic, cationic, nonionic or zwitterionic detergents, fabric softeners, fabric softener articles, perfumed articles, hair preparations and the like.

Abstract: Dispersants, especially well suited for use in thermosol dyeing processes, are produced by reacting methylol hydroxybenzene compounds with sulfonated lignin derivatives. The dispersants have high levels of heat stability and low staining characteristics, coupled with desirable dye reduction, foaming, milling and viscosity-reducing properties. Dyestuffs, dye pastes, and dye baths, as well as methods utilizing them, are provided.

Abstract: A composition consisting essentially of solid powdery dibenzylidene sorbitol and a higher fatty acid, the surface of the dibenzylidene sorbitol being coated with the higher fatty acid; and a process for producing dibenzylidene sorbitol powder having a coating of a higher fatty acid on its surface, which comprises a step of forming an aqueous emulsion of the higher fatty acid by adding an alkali to an organic solvent solution or hot molten mass of the higher fatty acid partially saponify the higher fatty acid and dispersing the resulting mixture of the higher fatty acid and its saponification product in water, a step of coating the surface of dibenzylidene sorbitol powder with the higher fatty acid by adding the dibenzylidene sorbitol to the resulting emulsion, and a step of separating the solid from the mixture, drying the solid and recovering the dried product. The transparency and rigidity of a polyolefin resin is improved by addition of aforesaid dibenzylidene sorbitol composition.

Abstract: A plastisol composition comprising a mixture of a butyl phthalate and an alkyl benzene in a volume ratio between 90:10 and 40:60 is used, for example, to make conventional plastisol coating formulations. The butyl phthalate is preferably di-isobutyl phthalate and the alkyl benzene can be, for example, dodecyl benzene.

Abstract: Glyoxal treated xanthan gum is dry blended with non-dispersible plant gums. These blends exhibit excellent dispersibility in water.

Abstract: Described are methyl substituted norbornane derivatives having the generic structure: ##STR1## wherein R represents the nitrile moiety having the structure:--C.tbd.N]or the dimethoxymethyl moiety having the structure: ##STR2## and wherein one of R.sub.1, or R.sub.2 is methyl and the other of R.sub.1 or R.sub.2 is hydrogen.Also described are processes and compositions for augmenting or enhancing the flavor and/or aroma of consumable materials including foodstuffs, chewing gums, medicinal products, toothpastes, chewing tobaccos, perfumes, colognes and perfumed articles such as solid or liquid anionic, cationic, nonionic or zwitterionic detergents or fabric softeners or fabric softener articles using as the essential ingredient at least one of methyl substituted norbornane derivatives of our invention.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the manufacture of a polyethylene wax micro-powder, 99 weight % of which has a grain size of less than 15 microns, for the dulling of varnishes. Such a micro-powder generally cannot be obtained without difficulty by grinding; in accordance with the invention this is possible, however, by grinding the polyethylene wax together with an amide wax.

Abstract: In the acid-catalyzed etherification of olefins with alcohols, substantially complete recovery of alcohol and catalyst is obtained when small amounts of water (1-10%) are added to the reaction. The addition of water provides a two-phase reaction medium in which olefin and ether are in the upper phase and alcohol and catalyst are in the lower phase. These phase are maintained during the course of the reaction, which continues as a two-phase system.Certain novel ethers produced by this process are likewise disclosed herein.

Abstract: Harmful metals containing particles being emitted in chemical or physical processes, such as in iron production or in combustion processes, are caught and intimately divided in a molten metallurgic slag in order to avoid pollution problems.

Abstract: This invention relates to a blend of cellulase-free xanthan gum with a number of cellulosics, including carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose. At 1:1 weight ratio, these blends show surprising viscosities when tested in aqueous solutions of 1%, 0.5%, 0.25% and 0.1% total gum concentration. The blends have utility in any application where cellulosics are used as thickeners, such as industrial or food applications, e.g., toothpaste, or drink mix formulations.