Abstract: A continuous process and system for treatment of oily waste products and heavy sludge resulting from the washing of scrap metal fragments bathed in oil. The sludge and oily waste both include a mixture of water, ferrous containing particulates and a hydrocarbon liquid. The process of this invention includes feeding the heavy sludge and oily waste into an incinerator, incinerating the hydrocarbon liquid contained therein at conditions such that the metal contained therein is recovered as particulate ash, and venting the resulting combustion gases to the atmosphere. The system of this invention includes an incinerator, an auger for transporting heavy sludge from the scrap washer to the incinerator, a pump and storage tank for feeding oily waste from the scrap wash water to the incinerator, and a baghouse for filtering the combustion gases and exhausting them to the atmosphere.

Abstract: A waste material incineration system (10) and method of combusting waste material is provided wherein system (10) includes a longitudinally directed furnace (14) having a first combustion zone (42) and a second combustion zone (44). Waste material or other fuel is inserted into furnace (14) through a furnace inlet (26) and passes by gravity assist into a vortexing pattern dependent upon the geometrical contouring of the internal walls of furnace (14) in combination with preheating air conduits (86, 88 and 90). Subsequent to vortexing in the first combusion zone (42), the substantially fully combusted gases are transported through second combustion zone (44) for insert into a heat exchanger unit (12) and then passes to a scrubber unit (34) where the exhausted gases are further cleansed to expulsion of the cleansed exhaust gases through an exhaust stack (16) to the ambient atmosphere.

Abstract: Apparatus and process for incinerating waste and reclaiming resources, particularly ferrous metals, galss, and aluminum, in separate output streams. The incinerator itself can use combustion draft air as a medium for separating lighter and heavier fractions of the burned material in the incinerator. The combustion zone of the incinerator is defined by a foraminated cylindrical wall which is rotated to distribute the incinerating materials and separate burned waste from the combustion zone.The incinerator can be cooled by a eutectic liquid metal coolant. The use of this coolant allows the heat exhange surfaces of the incinerator to be quite thin for greater economy, as such fluids, particularly a eutectic mixture of sodium and potassium, do not vaporize at atmospheric pressure over a wide working temperature also disclosed, as is improved means for separating aluminum rich and glass rich fractions from the heavier fraction of burned waste separated in the incinerator.

Abstract: In the process for cleaning of flue gases of a power plant boiler, the flue gases are dust filtered at first and then wet desulfurized. By the wet desulfurization the flue gases are cooled down and have to be reheated before they are fed to the stack of the power plant. In known processes the flue gases to be reheated are reheated by a flame burning oil or gas. This reheating is expensive and leads to the handling and storage of a further fuel in the power plant. In order to avoid this disadvantages, according to the invention the flue gases are reheated by means of reheating energy of at least one reheating flame burning coal dust. Coal dust is a fuel which is available in a power plant, the power burners of which burn coal dust.

Abstract: Sludge is dried in a dryer and burned in a furnace, the dryer being heated by heat from the furnace using a heat exchanger so that contaminants from furnace hot gas do not pass into the dryer. Gas given off from the dryer is in part mixed with fresh air and circulated back to the dryer, and is in part delivered to the furnace for combustion, being first cooled to reduce its moisture content. Gas from the furnace is also treated to remove solids, and is cooled. Water used as coolant is heated by the gases and used for anaerobic digestion of sludge, producing gas for combustion in the furnace. Dry sludge from the dryer is broken up and mixed with wet sludge entering the dryer to obtain desired sludge grain sizes.

Abstract: A coal-fired steam locomotive powered by reciprocating steam engines. The locomotive is a two-unit drawbar-coupled locomotive. The units, which are designated as a power unit and a support unit, are arranged back-to-back, with each having a cab-in-front. Operation of the locomotive is equally effective in both directions. The power unit basically contains a furnace and combustion system, an ash storage system, a gas cleanup and exhaust system, a boiler and steam generator, steam engines, a jet condenser, and a control cab. The support unit, on two 6-wheel trucks, contains a modular coal storage area, a stoker motor, a water storage area, heat transfer assemblies and fans for air-cooling circulating water, and a second control cab. The coal-gasification furnace, steam boiler, and steam engines are all in a closed system. Further, the steam engines of the locomotive are in the form of a four cylinder, balanced system for driving the running gear of the locomotive.

Abstract: A whirl chamber boiler plant for generation of steam includes a combustion chamber in which the fuel is burned in a whirl within the chamber. The bottom of the chamber slopes downwardly towards an inlet through which combustion air is admitted into the chamber. Fuel and inert material are admitted into the chamber adjacent the bottom thereof. The inlet is of a size suitable for fluidizing the inert material within the chamber. Boiler tubes built within the chamber provide for removal of heat from the chamber. Preferably the inert material is a grain-shaped ash of the type produced by the burning of the fuel. In one embodiment of the present invention, a portion of the ash contained in the gases exiting from the chamber is returned to the chamber.

Abstract: A boiler comprising a furnace box, having a peripheral wall, from which products of combustion pass to a smoke box wherein the furnace box comprises a lower compartment, means to establish a fluidized bed in the lower compartment, an upper compartment, an exit connected to said upper compartment for passage of products of combustion from said furnace box, means to isolate said lower compartment from said exit except by communication through said upper compartment and through a foraminous element located in the path of the products of combustion from said lower compartment to said upper compartment.

Abstract: An incineration system for processing solid, semi-solid waste material and sludge includes an incinerator unit which has a horizontally disposed rotary primary oxidation chamber and a generally vertically disposed secondary oxidation chamber which receives gaseous products of combustion from the primary chamber. Baffles within the secondary chamber provide a tortuous gas flow path through the secondary chamber. Gaseous emissions from the incinerator unit pass through a heat recovery boiler, a baghouse and a scrubber tower before being discharged to atmosphere. A control system controls rotation of the primary oxidation chamber and an auger/shredder which feeds waste material to be burned into the primary oxidation chamber. The control system may include a programmable computer for modifying the control functions in response to programmed data relating to the characteristics of material processed in the incineration system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to operation of a rotary kiln plant utilizing electrostatic precipitators. Specifically, this invention is directed to a method for conditioning exhaust gases from a burning process in a rotary kiln in which mineral materials are treated by burning a fuel. The method comprises adding a water soluble alkali-metal compound to a solid fuel, at least part of which is a solid pulverized fuel, and then firing the fuel in the kiln plant, whereby the resistivity of the exhaust gases is less than about 10.sup.10 ohm cm.

Abstract: Method for enhancing the removal of particles from a particle-laden gas stream utilizing an electrostatic precipitator, which comprises treating the gas with morpholine or derivatives thereof. Treated particles are found to also have desirable flow characteristics. Particularly effective compositions for the purpose comprise a combination of the morpholine, or derivative thereof, with an electrostatic precipitator efficiency enhancer, and in particular an alkanolamine.

Abstract: An incinerator includes primary and secondary combustion zones, the two zones being connected via an intermediate section having an interior in the form of a restricted annular space. The inner surface of the annular space is perforated, and secondary combustion air is introduced into the annular space through these perforations, whereby combustion gases and air under violent rotation expand into an enlarged secondary combustion zone.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for utilizing the heat of waste gases by exhausting the same at the head of a flue from a source into a heat extractor where the hot gases are caused to move and turbulate about heat exchanger walls to release their heat to such walls before being exhausted downward to the atmosphere so that fluids moved through the heat exchanger may be heated to perform useful work.

Abstract: A particulate separator of the concurrent flow type includes an inner cylinder mounted concentrically within a tapered conical outer cylinder which is closed at the outer return end. A fan unit is secured within the return end of the outer cylinder to draw air inwardly through the center cylinder, impart a centrifugal force thereon and imparting a tangential spin to the air moving outwardly and then rearwardly and back through the outer conical cylinder. The particulate matter within the fluid moves outwardly to the periphery of the outer cylinder as a result of centrifugal forces. The tangential spin imparted to the air cause the air to move in spiral return path with the conical cylinder establishing a decreasing cross section.

Abstract: The disclosure is of gas-cleaning apparatus comprising a chamber having a downwardly vertical gas and fluid flow path, with the gas and fluid moving at high velocity. One or more layers of solids is disposed across the path of gas and fluid flow, and these solids and the spaces between them act as multiple venturi scrubbers and impingement surfaces so that the gas is cleaned by agglomeration and absorption. A vibrator is coupled to the layers of solids for vibrating them to prevent matter removed from the gas from adhering thereto and blocking the passages therebeween.Also disclosed is a centrifugal cyclone separator, adapted to be coupled to the output of the above-described gas scrubber, comprising an upright chamber containing a rotatable cylinder carrying blades on its outer surface, the free edges of the blades being positioned close to the inner wall of the chamber. The blade configuration and high rotational velocity and long distance travel of the gases provide improved separating action.

Abstract: A high temperature solids gasification generator which employs finely divided solids, e.g. powdered coal, has a down flow and discharges into a plenum chamber below the generator. The plenum chamber has a restricted outlet at the bottom so that a pool of liquid slag will form, and there is a lateral outlet above the slag pool for effluent gas. The lateral outlet has its throat located offset farther from the axis of the plenum chamber than the inside radius of the chamber.

Abstract: A thermal processing system and method which is directed to the controlled high rate of exchange of thermal energy between solid matter or liquids and a gas which functions simultaneously as the thermal energy transport medium and the physical transport medium. The system includes a primary processing device which is provided with means for introducing the solid or liquid matter in a finely divided state and a means for introducing the carrier gas so as to create a very high velocity stream together with means for supplying and/or controlling the thermal energy input(s) to the system by operating on such carrier gas. The system also includes means for continuously removing the resulting products (solids, liquids, gases and in some instances, energy) in such a way that a continuous stream process results. The system is also provided with any necessary or desirable auxiliary devices to ensure that all discharges from the process are substantially cleaner than required by any applicable environmental standards.

Abstract: A hazardous materials incineration system is disclosed which includes a solid waste combustor of the inclined, oscillating or rocking type and a liquid waste combustor suitable to incinerate wastes in liquid form. The combustion products from both the solid waste combustor and the liquid waste combustor are fed to an afterburner which is equipped with burners to maintain elevated temperatures throughout the length of the afterburner chamber. The products of combustion exit the afterburner into a conditioning unit which eliminates larger particulate matter, cools the combustion products and releases certain additives into the moving gas stream prior to entry into a baghouse. All neutralized salts are withdrawn at the baghouse and the gaseous baghouse effluent is directed to a further aqueous liquor contact apparatus prior to exhausting to atmosphere through a forced draft stack system.

Abstract: A method and incinerator apparatus for cleaning and utilizing the waste gases thereof to perform work after the residue and particles that pollute and contaminate the same are removed therefrom. After the waste gases are subjected to and scrubbed at high temperatures to burn and consume the particles and residue, remaining particles and residue are further separated in a heat accumulator from which the higher temperature waste gases are used as an aid in the scrubbing and cleaning the lower temperature waste gases and from which the heat of the waste gases is extracted for the performance of work.

Abstract: A high efficiency domestic furnace incorporates means for separating and neutralizing flue gas condensate. Acidic condensate from the flue gas products of combustion is neutralized by contact with neutralizing material in a housing through which the condensate is flowed. The use of the neutralizer in connection with a high efficiency domestic furnace permits discharge of the condensate directly to the household drain. The neutralizer is arranged to be self-flushing and defines a serpentine, series flow path and is arranged to discharge the neutralized condensate as a result of the entry of additional acidic condensate at its inlet. To enhance the operation of the neutralizer, it is arranged to be vibrated during normal operation of the furnace.

Abstract: A continuous process for the combustion of solid fuels in the presence of an aqueous liquid phase under conditions such that oxides of nitrogen are not formed and oxides of sulfur and particles of ash are effectively prevented from contaminating the gaseous products released to the atmosphere. Fuel is charged as a slurry in alkaline aqueous solution and contacted with combustion air so that the catalytic properties of both water and alkali operate to permit rapid and complete combustion at comparatively low temperatures. Temperatures in the adiabatic reactor are, however, permitted to exceed the critical temperature of the liquid phase. Under the conditions of the process, formation of nitrogen oxides is negligible, sulfur in the fuel goes to sulfur trioxide which dissolves completely in the alkaline liquid phase which also retains particles of ash and unburned fuel. The resulting flue gas is essentially free from objectionable pollutants.

Abstract: Process for solid refuse disposal in which a vertical shaft furnace is maintained at 30-250 psia, part of the recycle-condensate is filtered to form liquid waste a portion of which is incinerated with a minor part of the product gas to form hot exhaust gas used to heat feed water in steam boiler zone, and energy from the resulting steam is recovered as part of the process energy requirement.

Abstract: A high efficiency domestic furnace incorporates means for separating and neutralizing flue gas condensate. Acidic condensate from the flue gas products of combustion is neutralized by contact with neutralizing material in a housing through which the condensate is flowed. The use of the neutralizer in connection with a high efficiency domestic furnace permits discharge of the condensate directly to the household drain. The neutralizer is arranged to be self-flushing and defines a serpentine, series flow path and is arranged to discharge the neutralized condensate as a result of the entry of additional acidic condensate at its inlet.

Abstract: An exhaust filter system for filtering a creosote component from exhaust gases of a combustion chamber burning wood, primarily for use with airtight wood burning stoves, comprises an airtight filter apparatus arranged between a combustion chamber outlet for the exhaust gases and a flue for removing the filter exhaust gases. The filter includes a gas distributing chamber in communication with the combustion chamber outlet and receiving hot exhaust gases therefrom and a gas collecting chamber in communication with the flue and delivering filtered exhaust gases thereto. A heat exchange unit airtightly connects the gas distributing and collecting chambers. The unit defines a vertical flow path for the exhaust gases and is capable of cooling the gases to a temperature range wherein the creosote component present in the hot exhaust gases in vaporized form is condensed to a liquid. A sump is mounted to receive the condensed liquid by gravity from the heat exchange unit.

Abstract: A heat exchanger for installation on the top of a chimney of a building includes a housing having a lower end receiving the top of the chimney and an upper end with openings permitting the escape of effluent from the chimney and a heat exchanger assembly disposed in the housing including a central chamber and a spirally arranged duct network defining an effluent spiral path between the top of the chimney and the central chamber and a fresh air spiral path between an inlet disposed at the lower end of the housing and the central chamber, the effluent and fresh air spiral paths being in heat exchange relationship such that air passing through the fresh air spiral path is heated by hot effluent gases passing upward through the chimney and the effluent spiral path for use in heating the building.

Abstract: An incinerator and method for burning both sorted and unsorted rubbish and refuse cleanly and efficiently. Rubbish is inserted in a non-clogging hopper where it is preheated and preliminarily combusted as it moves downwardly to a primary combustion chamber where air is added. A moving grate beneath the primary combustion chamber draws ashes and uncombusted materials downwardly away from that chamber. Gases of combustion are further combusted as they are drawn by the natural draft in the incinerator through a secondary combustion chamber and gas circulating and flyash collecting chamber before exiting through an exhaust. The natural draft through the incinerator is controlled by a series of movable baffles and doors.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating a water solution of a waste material containing a salt with smelt-water explosion characteristics comprises an open-bottomed incinerator and a gas-liquid separator disposed beneath the incinerator in fluid-flow communication therewith. The waste solution is sprayed into the incinerator and heated therein so that the salt in the solution is fused, water vaporized and organic components of the solution burned. The combustion gases and water vapor flow downwardly into the separator, while the fused salt forms a deposit on the inner surface of the incinerator and flows downwardly into the separator. At the junction between the incinerator and separator, cooling water is fed to the fused salt so that the deposit of salt is solidified and cracked into separate masses which fall together with the cooling water onto an inclined baffle member disposed in the separator and roll downwardly on the baffle member.

Abstract: A system of corona injection and repelling electrodes are positioned such that airborne particulates are charged in situ and are propelled to collecting grids above a furnace, or concentrated into particle streams directed into ventilation hoods to be collected by low volume, high efficiency precipitators.

Abstract: A method for drying sludge which may contain combustible vapors in a manner to positively prevent fires and explosions within the sludge dryer and the associated sludge-drying piping. The method provides for a substantial reduction of the oxygen content of the sludge-drying vapors by deviating a part of the sludge-drying vapor stream from the principal vapor circuit and passing it as secondary combustion air into the combustion chamber which generates hot gases for drying the sludge. Furthermore, a portion of the hot effluents from the combustion chamber is deviated from the sludge-drying circuit and is used to heat the sludge-drying vapors whereafter it is vented to the atmosphere. In a variant of the invention, an acid scrubber is provided to remove hydrochloric acid. A number of embodiments is presented.

Abstract: A system for the combustion of waste products for the extraction of heat energy in a clean pollutant-free medium. The system includes a swirling air-cyclonic type incinerator having means for controllably consuming fuel in the form of waste products of various grades and heating values. Incinerator outlet means are provided for transmitting gaseous combustion products to a heat exchanger, a filtering device, and ultimately to a point of beneficial utilization. Through a plurality of ducts, control valves, and pumping means, a selectably variable volume of oxygen necessary to support combustion is taken from the ambient. The remaining gas flow to the incinerator for such purposes as creation of a swirling flow and cooling is pumped from the outlet side of the heat exchanger.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for treating waste material in a counterflow furnace wherein the material is introduced at one end thereof and the processed material is discharged from the other end, while air is simultaneously introduced thereto and the gases of combustion are caused to flow in counter-current direction with respect to the material being processed and are exhausted at the first end of the furnace, and wherein the furnace has a natural tendency to form zones of processing including sequentially from the first end of the furnace, a drying zone, a charring and volatile burning zone, a fixed carbon burning zone and an ash cooling zone, the method comprising the steps of bleeding secondary exhaust gases from the middle of the furnace substantially between the fixed carbon burning zone and the charring and volatile burning zone, and adding air to the furnace in the charring and volatile burning zone.

Abstract: A steam-pressured eliminator for use on top of a tall, industrial-type, brick or metal smoke stack to reduce their pollution of the atmosphere. This eliminator is operated by pressurized steam directed so as to intercept the flow of smoke tending to leave the stack and releases to the atmosphere only cleansed smoke and steam. The steam condensate with the smoke particles are drained off from the stack attached vessel. The smoke eliminator is such that the eliminator can be assembled to the stack as a unit, as by the use of a helicopter, and in some forms the steam generator is made a part of the unit so as to be inserted in the stack suspended from the top thereof and be heated by the hot gases of the stack itself. Preferably when the stacks are of brick the attachment is made to top and exterior surfaces thereof. When the stacks are of metal the unit can be wedged into the top opening of the stack and the unit vessel being tapered, can be fitted to various diameter sized stacks.

Abstract: A thermal reductor system is provided with a rotary ignition chamber having an input end, a discharge end of enlarged size relative to the input end and an inside chamber wall having a configuration for promoting natural flow of gases, smoke and ash discharge from the input end to the discharge end. To limit discharge of solid residue to a maximum predetermined size, the discharge end of the chamber is provided with a restricted ash exit. So that the ignition chamber is particularly suited for disposing of liquid wastes in a compact chamber construction, the inside chamber wall has a restriction intermediate the input and discharge ends of the chamber defining a barrier to liquid flow. An exhaust duct is provided for the passage of gases and smoke from the ignition chamber.

Abstract: A combustion system for particulate wood waste, coal, peat and other combustible materials is disclosed. The system comprises means for feeding combustion material into the combustion chamber of a furnace and means for recirculating a portion of the exhaust gases from the furnace back into the combustion chamber for increasing the temperature of the combustion chamber and so improve the thermal efficiency of the furnace.

Abstract: An absorber tower maintenance isolation system for isolating an absorber tower while maintaining a steam generation plant in operation. An inlet blank-off plate and outlet blank-off plate cooperate with louver dampers in the inlet and outlet ducts to permit shut down or start up of an absorber tower. Closure devices and locking devices act to keep the blank-off plates in position. Equalization devices and duct vent holes allow release to the atmosphere. Further, access is provided to the absorber tower inlet and outlet ducts.

Abstract: A cleaning plant positioned within an annular fluidized bed combustion chamber is divided into a plurality of separate cleaning stages, wherein a first stage is located adjacent the fluidized bed and additional stages are arranged within the first stage. Each stage comprises a plurality of separate cleaning devices which act in parallel, while cleaning devices of different stages act in series to remove debris from the combustion gases that exit from the fluidized bed combustion chamber.

Abstract: Overall heat recovery from wet wood waste, particularly sawmill-generated hog fuel, is improved by a process for predrying the fuel. A wet oversize fraction of the fuel is combusted in a fluid bed reactor providing heat for drying the remaining smaller sized fraction of the waste pile to about 10-30% moisture by weight. The gaseous products of the fluid bed burning are contacted with the fuel fraction in, preferably, a rotary dryer. The dried fuel is then screened into coarse and fine fractions. The coarse fraction is fed onto a grate of a wood waste boiler. The fines fraction is injected into the boiler combustion in an air suspension. The amount of fuel fed to the fluid bed reactor is 10-25% of the total fuel flow, depending upon the moisture content of the fuel. The gases fed to the rotary dryer are less than about 1,200.degree. F., to minimize "blue haze," by combining with minimum outside air.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to an improved fluid bed furnace which includes a new and improved cover assembly and which is of the type including a fluid bed including a material which fluidizes upon being subjected to a flow of a gas mixture therethrough and a burner for distributing a gas mixture at an elevated temperature through the fluid bed material for fluidizing and agitating the fluid bed material. The cover assembly provides both exhaustion of the heated gas mixture from the furnace fluid bed and confinement of the agitated fluid bed material within the fluid bed.

Abstract: The incineration plant is provided with at least one static mixer which is disposed in the combustion gas duct leading from the furnace to a gas purifier. The static mixer is constructed in various forms, each of which includes a plurality of guide elements for dividing the gas flow into a plurality of sub-flows and for passing the sub-flows through the mixer in a criss-crossing relation. The static mixer effects a homogeneous temperature distribution in the gas as well as a homogeneous concentration distribution of any dust in the gas prior to passage of the gas to the gas purifier.

Abstract: Apparatus including an enclosed pressurized conveying and storage system that will allow potentially explosive flyash or other fine material to be handled with the minimum possibility of damage to the equipment in the event of an explosion. The steel storage vessel is maintained under slight pressure with inert gases by means of a pressure relief valve and an inert gas supply, and is kept at a high enough temperature to prevent condensation of the gas (so that corrosive acids are not formed) by electric inductance heaters and insulation. Airlock valves are used to allow the ash into and out of the transport and containment system.

Abstract: An incinerator and method for burning both sorted and unsorted rubbish and refuse cleanly and efficiently. Rubbish is inserted in a non-clogging hopper where it is preheated and preliminarily combusted as it moves downwardly to a primary combustion chamber where air is added. A moving grate beneath the primary combustion chamber draws ashes and uncombusted materials downwardly away from that chamber. Gases of combustion are further combusted as they are drawn by the natural draft in the incinerator through a secondary combustion chamber and gas circulating and flyash collecting chamber before exiting through an exhaust. The natural draft through the incinerator is controlled by a series of movable baffles and doors.

Abstract: The disclosed apparatus is disposed in the "U"-section deflector at the bottom end of flues connected to each other in a multiple-flue, vertical flue furnace. A deflecting plate and two associated projections, one on the plate and the other on the wall, influence the flow of gases in such a manner that first the radius of curvature of the gas making the turn is decreased, and second the distribution of flow at the input cross-section of the flow-receiving flue is more uniform. The first effect improves the effectiveness of fly ash removal from the turning gas stream. The second effect prevents localized sooting and uneven heating of a heat exchanger which may be installed in the end of the receiving flue.

Abstract: A system including conduit connected to a source of solid waste, a shredder for particlizing solid waste, an igniter for igniting particlized waste, a gas burner for initially heating the liner of the igniter to a temperature above ignition temperatures for the waste, and an air duct for transporting burning particles of waste along a vortexing path extending downwardly through the igniter, then through an agitating conduit, within which the burning particles are maintained in suspension and are finally introduced upwardly into a particle trap within which combustion of ignited particles is completed. A by-products recovery system is connected with the trap for collecting ash, for subsequent usage, and for recovering heat to be returned to the gin.

Abstract: Moist combustible matter is burned in a fluid bed reactor following a drying treatment in which the combustible matter is brought into contact with hot sand circulated from the fluid bed reactor. The water in the combustible matter is evaporated at a relatively low temperature in the drying treatment, thereby conserving heat in the system. The exhaust vapor from the drying treatment is handled separately from the reactor exhaust gases to condense the vapor therein before subjecting the remaining gas to odor-destroying high temperature.

Abstract: An apparatus for providing total combustion of burnable waste materials and which includes a housing mounted upon a series of wheels that furnishes it with portability, the housing forming a firebox having a pair of upper and lower combustion chambers therein, a pair of feed chutes for feeding the combustion chambers, respectively, a closure means pivotally connecting to the housing and providing for coverage of the feed chutes and entrance into the combustion chambers during apparatus operation, a flue connecting to the housing, above the combustion chambers, and extending partially into the upper or secondary combustion chamber, an exhaust stack provided upon said flue, said exhaust stack including a series of cylindrical sections, being of different diametric sizes, with the sections of greater diameter partially lapping and extending above the sections of lesser diameter therebelow, and a truncated shaped stack section connecting upon the uppermost cylindrical section for exhausting the gases of combustio

Abstract: A heat reclaimer for use with a gas clothes dryer of the type including a rotary drum. The dryer includes a housing in the upper portion of which is a gas burner chamber. The heat generated in the gas burner is moved downwardly through the rotary drum by a blower mounted in the lower portion of the housing then out a discharge stack. The heat reclaimer includes a downwardly open conduit located centrally in the stack and recirculating a portion of the air from the stack back into the gas burner chamber, on the opposite side of the burner and on the downstream side of the heated air passage from the burner to the clothes dryer. An inverted deflector cone is mounted at the lower end of the conduit. The discharge stack has an enlarged diameter at the portion of the stack which contains the conduit. The junction of the conduit and the gas burner chamber is in the form of a long narrow slot to better mix the recirculating air with the air in the gas burner chamber.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for treating off-gas from a furnace for burning organic material in an oxygen deficient atmosphere by passing the hot exhaust gases from the furnace ladened with combustible and noncombustible organic material to a cleaning device, and thence passing the gases to a secondary furnace for combustion therein, and while in the cleaning device removing from the gas therein noncombustible material which would otherwise still be particulate matter in the exhaust from the secondary furnace. In another form of the invention, the exhaust gas from the furnace is passed to a burner and heat exchanger device having an inlet portion for heating the incoming gases, a combustion portion with air inlets for supporting combustion therein, and an outlet portion for cooling the gases, and thereafter the gases are passed to a quenching system.