Abstract: In a combustion gas heat recovery plant having a plurality of ovens, each oven is provided, at an exhaust passage thereof, with an operative filtering unit. Each operative filtering unit has a heat exchanger receiving fumes from the oven, cooling the same and thereby heating water or any other suitable fluid flowing therein. A filter receives the cooled waste products from the heat exchanger and filters the same to recover the waste products which are sent back to the oven and thus recycled. The hot water from the heat exchangers is fed into a heat transmitting circuit which is connected with another heat exchanger positioned at an output thereof and connected to an organic cycle power plant which has a secondary circuit using a high molecular mass organic fluid flowing therethrough to drive a turbine which drives an alternator which generates electric power.

Abstract: In a process for drying material in a drying system, a first current of heated gas is supplied to a first dryer from a corresponding first combustion chamber. Material to be dried is exposed to the first current in the first dryer. The dried material is separated from the first current of heated gas. The first current of heated gas is split into a first stream of heated gas and a second stream of heated gas after the dried material has been separated. The first stream is introduced into the first combustion chamber so that the gas generated in the first combustion chamber and the first stream are combined to constitute the first current of heated gas. At least a portion of the second stream is introduced into the second combustion chamber. A second current of heated gas is supplied to a second dryer from the second combustion chamber. The portion of the second stream introduced into the second combustion chamber constitutes a portion of the second current.

Abstract: A retractable chemical injection device especially adapted for introducing a chemical reactant solution into a large scale combustion device such as a fossil fuel fired boiler. The device incorporates a lance tube mounted to a elongated frame located outside of the combustion device which enables the lance tube to be extended into and retracted from the combustion device flue gas stream. The lance tube carries a plurality of axially distributed discharge nozzles enabling the chemical reactant entrained in an injection carrier to be ejected from the nozzles. The injection device provides for atomization of the chemical reactant solution before the mixture passes into the lance tube which provides the beneficial effects of cooling the lance tube and providing a uniform distribution of the chemical solution to the distributed discharge nozzles.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the selective control of the sulfur trioxide concentration in flue gases, to enhance the ash removal efficiency of electrostatic precipitators, which includes supporting a catalyst in the path of the flue gas, positioning temperature modifying means in communication with the catalyst, passing the flue gas by the catalyst and selectively varying the temperature of the catalyst, with the temperature modifying means, to vary the amount of catalytic conversion of SO.sub.2 in the flue gas to SO.sub.3.

Abstract: A disposal apparatus according to a first aspect comprises an evaporation pipe communicating with a container for discharging vapor evaporated from raw sewage therein. A catalyst box accommodates a catalyst and communicates with the evaporation pipe. An ejector connects to the catalyst box for drawing air therefrom. A hot-air blower connects upstream to the catalyst box for heating flowing air, and an air supply unit supplies air to the ejector and the hot-air blower. A bypass pipe communicates between the ejector and the container. The disposal apparatus according to a second aspect comprises a heat-resistant airtight container for raw sewage, and an induction heating device disposed under the container. The heating device has a coil for generating a high-frequency electromagnetic wave to heat the container by induction. A rotatable stirrer and heat-holding balls are contained in the container. A stool communicates with the container through a valve mechanism.

Abstract: A system and method for purification of combustion gases cools the combustion gases to an optimal oxidation temperature, oxidizes the combustion gases, injects water or uses natural moisture content to form acid aerosols, neutralizes the acid aerosols with an alkaline solution, and then filters the acid aerosol, alkaline solution and water from the combustion gases. The purified gas stream is then exhausted from the system. Oxidation can be provided in stages to obtain optimal oxidation of different combustion gas components with different optimal oxidation temperature ranges. When used in a thermal power plant, the cooling of exhaust gases can be accomplished by regenerative preheating of combustion air, boiler feedwater or combustion fuel, and the clean exhaust gas can be cooled below the conventional exhaust stack temperature range, thus enhancing power plant efficiency.

Abstract: A fluidized bed combustion system and method in which a recycle heat exchanger is disposed integrally with the furnace of a fluidized bed combustor. The recycle heat exchanger includes a plurality of stacked sections for receiving the recycled solids and are arranged in such a manner that the recycled solids are introduced into an upper level of the sections and pass through these sections to a lower level of sections before returning to the furnace. A portion of the stacked sections contain heat exchange surfaces for removing heat from the solids therein while another portion does not. The solids in the various sections are selectively fluidized to control the flow of the solids through the sections to control the temperature of the solids accordingly.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the selective control of the sulfur trioxide concentration in flue gases, to enhance the ash removal efficiency of electrostatic precipitators, which includes supporting a catalyst in the path of the flue gas, catalytically converting a portion of the sulfur dioxide contained within such flue gas to sulfur trioxide, by passing at portion of such flue gases over a catalyst which is positioned within the path; selectively varying the amount of sulfur trioxide produced by the catalytically converting, by selectively changing the quantity of flue gas flowing through such catalyst; and simultaneously maintaining the ratio of the pressure loss coefficient of the flue gas flowing through the other portion of such duct, in the vicinity of such catalyst, within a predetermined range.

Abstract: Hot, cleansed driver fluid for a gas turbine is produced by the burning of pulverized coal, cooling of the exhaust gases resulting from burning, purifying the cooled exhaust gases and then reheating the purified gas to the appropriate level for supply to the gas turbine. The reheating of the purified gas is accomplished through heat exchange with the impure gas during the cooling step and through heat exchange with the combustion chamber in which the burning of the coal occurs.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system and method (1) for reducing the amount of air toxic elements, particularly mercury (16), in concentrations down to and including trace levels, from a flyash (2) laden combustion gas stream (4). The method includes a step of combusting a fuel (14), often coal or solid waste to form flyash, and a step to concentrate the interaction of the flyash (2) in the combustion gas stream (4) for use as a sorbent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for burning waste with simultaneous regeneration of a usable gas and an inert solid residue in which the waste is fed into the upper part of an upright shaft furnace, an oxygen-containing gas is fed into the lower part of the furnace, the organic part of the waste substances is gasified and pyrolyzed, the inorganic part of the waste substances is made flowable, the gas from the upper part of the furnace is taken off and the inorganic material made flowable is taken off at the lower part of the furnace.

Abstract: Apparatus for cleaning high temperature, high pressure gases includes a pressure vessel, and a filtration unit within the pressure vessel. The filtration unit is adapted to communicate with a fluidized bed reactor gas outlet, and includes at least one dirty gas chamber housing a plurality of porous, ceramic filter tubes, and at least one clean gas chamber for receiving clean gas from the ceramic filter tubes. The dirty gas chamber includes a particle outlet for removing particles separated from the gas by the filter tubes. The porous ceramic filter tubes are horizontally oriented within the filtration unit or housing and mounted within water cooled walls of the housing. The fluidized bed reactor and associated cyclone separator may be located within the pressure vessel with the filtration unit, or located outside the pressure vessel and in communication with the filtration unit inside the pressure vessel.

Abstract: A low-temperature carbonization/combustion process is carried out in a low-temperature carbonization/combustion plant with pressure control that includes a pyrolysis drum to which waste is delivered. Low-temperature carbonization gas generated there is passed to a combustion chamber. Flue gas produced there is fed through a cooling device and a gas compressor to a stack. With the aid of a control device, the speed of rotation of the gas compressor is controlled in relation to the pressure in the gas path between the pyrolysis drum and the gas compressor in such a way that when the pressure decreases, the speed of rotation is decreased. Preferably, an additional gas compressor is connected in series with the gas compressor and the speed of rotation of the additional gas compressor is appropriately controlled. An additional pyrolysis drum can also be provided.

Abstract: Sewage water with entrained solids as an effluent is fed into the trough bottom shaped process tank that is a totally enclosed tank other than for inlets and outlets therefore. The system disposes of water from sewage effluents and also residual solids thereof and is fed sewage to a controlled depth in a tank trough with high temperatures used to sterilize the effluent. A two-speed motor driven mixer driven at low speed continually mixes and blend the sewage effluent at the same time air from a blower is bubbled through the mixture. Heat is added to increase water vapor saturation capability of the air flow through the system. The air/vapor mixture flows through a recuperative heat exchanger supported within the tank above the surface of sewage effluent contained therein, absorbing heat with flow, through a catalyst bed in a chamber with circulation through the heat exchanger and on out an exhaust vent with impurities oxidized and vented with air flow.

Abstract: A method for removing gaseous pollutants from a polluted flue gas stream of an oil or coal-fired combustion furnace. A source of liquified combustible gas and a combustible gas-fired furnace are provided. The polluted flue gas stream is passed through a dust removal apparatus and removes flue dust from the flue gas stream so as to provide a de-dusted flue gas stream. Heat is recovered from the flue gas to generate power therefrom. The de-dusted flue gas is compressed to a pressure of at least 10 psi gauge using the generated power to at least in part compress the de-dusted flue gas. The compressed flue gas and the combustible gas are passed through at least one multi-sided heat exchanger, where the compressed flue gas is first passed through one side thereof and the liquified combustible gas in an at least partially vaporized state is passed through another side thereof. The compressed flue gas is cooled sufficiently by the combustible gas that water and at least one gaseous pollutant of NO.sub.2, SO.sub.

Abstract: A pressurized fluidized bed reactor is provided utilizing a centrifugal separator having a gas space that is distinctly non-circular, preferably having a circularity of greater than or equal to 1.15. Most desirably the cyclone has a quadrate (e.g. square) cross-section, and is disposed inside of the pressure vessel along with the reactor chamber containing the fluidized bed. A number of ceramic candle or honeycomb filters may be provided connected to the gas outlet from the cyclone separator, within the pressure vessel, to filter the gas. This construction provides a minimized diameter of the pressure vessel because the reactor chamber with square cyclones is more compact than if conventional circular cross-section cyclones are employed. Also a second pressure vessel is not needed for the candle or honeycomb filters since there is sufficient room within the pressure vessel to accommodate them.

Abstract: A process for purifying exhaust gases, especially from vacuum pyrolysis installations by means of the extraction of the exhaust gases and their combustion with a supply of air. Immediately after their formation, the exhaust gases are subjected to complete combustion with a controlled air supply and an under pressure of 0.5 to 0.95 bar (500 to 50 mbar absolute) generated by a vacuum pump, whereupon the gaseous reaction products are cooled to 10.degree. to 25.degree. C. to prevent damage to the vacuum pump and then the cooled gaseous reaction products are extracted by the vacuum pump.

Abstract: The waste materials are gasified in a circulating fluidized bed in a gasification reactor, which is supplied with oxygen-containing gas. A gas-solids mixture is withdrawn from the upper region of the gasification reactor and is fed to a separator. Dust-laden gas and separated solids are separately withdrawn from the separator and the separated solids are recycled at least in part to the lower region of the gasification reactor. Temperatures in the range from 700.degree. to 1000.degree. C. are maintained in the gasification reactor. The dust-laden gas which is withdrawn from the separator has a heating value of about 3000 to 6000 kJ/sm.sup.3 and is fed to a combustion chamber and is combusted therein at temperatures from 1200.degree. to 1900.degree. C. Liquid slag is withdrawn from the combustion chamber.

Abstract: Sewage sludge from municipal and industrial sewage systems can be incinerated in conjunction with the incineration of refuse in a refuse incinerator as environmentally safely as possible, with a favorable energy balance and low expenditures for technology and equipment. The sewage sludge can be fed into a rotary tubular kiln, while in a countercurrent, flue gas from a refuse incinerator can be passed through the rotary tubular kiln. The resulting vapors from the sewage sludge incineration can then be injected back into the refuse incinerator for afterburning, while the components of the vapors are useful for the reduction of the formation of nitrogen oxide during the incineration of the refuse.

Abstract: A cyclone separator for a solids-laden process gas from a fluidized bed boiler or reactor also provides a pressure seal and heat exchanger surfaces for the reactor or boiler. The cyclone includes a cylindrical main housing with a longitudinal axis. The housing is made of membrane wall construction. A portion of the tubes are bent outwardly to form an inlet which communicates with the main housing for receiving the solids-laden process gas from the boiler or reactor. Solids are separated from the solids-laden process gas as they swirl together in the main housing of the cyclone separator. A partition wall is disposed at the lower section of the main housing around the longitudinal axis for defining an outer chamber and an inner chamber adjacent the outer chamber. Gas is provided to the outer and inner chambers for creating fluidized beds of the solids in the outer and inner chambers. Solids are passed from the inner chamber to the outer chamber through an underflow port in the partition wall.

Abstract: A cyclone separator for a solids-laden process gas from a reactor also provides a pressure seal for the reactor. The cyclone includes a main housing with a longitudinal axis. The housing is made of a membrane wall construction having a plurality of tubes arranged around the axis and encased within membrane wall panels. A portion of the tubes are bent outwardly to form an inlet which communicates with the main housing for receiving the solids-laden process gas from the boiler. Solids are separated from the solids-laden process gas as they swirl together in the main housing of the cyclone separator. A partition wall is disposed at the lower section of the main housing around the longitudinal axis for defining an outer chamber and an inner chamber adjacent to the outer chamber. Gas is provided to the outer and inner chambers for creating fluidized beds of the solids in the outer and inner chambers. Solids are passed from the inner chamber to the outer chamber through an underflow port in the partition wall.

Abstract: Waste material is incinerated by a partial combustion in a furnace on step grates and the heated combusted product is supplied in a rotary kiln in which the waste is liquified. Solid waste material passing through the grate is collected with ash products, separated from flue gases, including boiler ash, fly ash and residue from flue gas cleaning. The collected products are returned to the inlet of the rotary kiln where these products are introduced along with he combusted waste. In this manner, the slag, boiler ash, flue ash and other harmful residual products from the combustion process are fused into the liquified waste to form a glass-like mass from which salts and heavy metal cannot be leached out.

Abstract: A regenerative thermal oxidation system is useful for treating a waste gas stream that contains volatile organic compounds. The volatile organic compounds are oxidized in an oxidation chamber. The heat and oxygen necessary to support the oxidation reactions is provided by a hot oxidation gas stream produced by the combustion of wood waste with excess air in a combustion chamber. The heat generated by the oxidation and combustion reactions is recovered in a plurality of regenerators. Any particulates in the hot oxidation gas stream are removed by a particulate removal system such as a cyclone separator or a high temperature filter. Preferably at least two regenerators containing heat exchange material are used to recover the heat from the oxidation reactions. The first regenerator is in heating service for heating the waste gas stream before it enters the oxidation chamber.

Abstract: A waste heat treatment apparatus includes a waste accommodating chamber for holding and burning waste placed in the chamber which is positioned in an outer housing that also holds a recombustion section for after burning the burning gas. An ash pan collects waste after the burning and/or after a sterilization for removal from the outer housing. An exhaust fan exhausts the burning gas out of the outer housing. A catalyzer is positioned in a gas passage between the recombustion section and the exhaust fan. The waste accommodating chamber includes a heater for burning the waste, and the recombustion section includes a further heater for after burning the gas generated by the burning. This structure provides a relatively simple device which is compact and portable, whereby installation near the spot where the waste is produced, is facilitated.

Abstract: A pressurized fluidized bed combustion boiler system comprising: a boiler; a filtration apparatus with ceramics filters in a flue gas system; and a louver separator as a primary stage dust separator disposed between the boiler and the filtration apparatus.

Abstract: A method of purifying combustion gases by removing acid gases therefrom, wherein a stream of combustion gases is caused to flow in contact with a surface of an acid gas remover formed from a mixture including a calcium compound for neutralizing said acid gases, and a binder for holding together particles of the calcium compound. Also disclosed is an incinerator incorporating the acid gas remover.

Abstract: A raw sewage disposal apparatus for use in a temporary toilet capable of continuously drying a large amount of raw sewage. The raw sewage disposal apparatus comprising an incinerator shielded from the outside, a swing shaft rotatably horizontally supported by the incinerator, a drying cauldron which is hollow at the inside thereof and fixed to the swing shaft, an introduction port which is defined on the peripheral surface of the drying cauldron for introducing raw sewage in the drying cauldron, a plurality of spherical stirring balls which are accommodated in the drying cauldron, and a burner communicating with the lower portion of the incinerator for jetting flame toward the bottom surface of the drying cauldron.

Abstract: Mixed waste containing organic constituents and low level radioactive waste is remediated in a circulating fluidized bed combustor. Three separators are used to filter the flue gas and separate fine radioactive material from coarse non-radioactive material thereby concentrating the radioactive portion. A primary separator separates large material such as sand, lime, flyash or unburned fuel particles from the flue gas leaving the furnace of the combustor. The flue gas is then passed to a secondary separator for the collection of finer particles. In turn, the flue gas is passed to a tertiary separator for the collection of the finest particles of the flue gas containing low level radioactive waste. Solids entrained in the primary separator are recycled back into the bed of the combustor through an L-valve. Solids entrained at the secondary separator are also recycled back into the bed.

Abstract: An improved apparatus and process for removal of particulates entrained in a gas stream are provided. The removal process employs a pulse combustor to provide an acoustic pressure wave to acoustically enhance agglomeration of particulates which may be collected and removed using a conventional separation apparatus. The apparatus may be employed as a direct fired system for improved operation of gas-operated equipment such as a gas turbine, or may, alternatively, be employed as an add-on subsystem for combustion exhaust clean-up. Additionally, added particulates may include a sorbent for effecting sorption of other contaminants such as sulfur. Various other particulates for contaminant removal may also be introduced into the system as exemplified by alkali-gettering agents.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method of reducing polluting emissions from a circulating fluidized bed combustion installation including a furnace from which the dust is recovered at least in part by a cyclone, the partially dedusted gases output by the cyclone passing through a recovery boiler, and then into a dust filter, in which method a desulfurizing agent is inserted into the furnace. According to the invention, downstream from said recovery boiler, and upstream from said dust filter, the flue gases are desulfurized in semi-humid manner in a reaction enclosure provided with a water injection inlet. Downstream from said dust filter, the resulting desulfurization products are thermally oxidized.

Abstract: A system for controlling sulfur dioxide (SO.sub.2) in a flue gas produced by a boiler comprises an air heater connected to the boiler for cooling the flue gas produced by the boiler. A dry scrubber is connected to the air heater and a slurry source for receiving the heated flue gas and a slurry in order to remove SO.sub.2 from the flue gas. A particulate collector is connected to the dry scrubber in order to collect particles from the flue gas. Heat is recovered from the flue gas by connecting a condensing heat exchanger to the particulate collector; and a condensate recycler is connected to the condensing heat exchanger and the slurry source for reducing the water requirements for the system.

Abstract: A fluidized bed steam generation system and method in which recycled flue gases are used to assist in passing solid particulate material from the separator, through the loopseal, and back into the furnace. The solid particulate material separated in the cyclone separator and passed back to the furnace is assisted by recycled flue gases which have passed through the heat recovery section, an air heater, and a baghouse. The use of the recycled flue gases decreases the oxygen content which can cause oxidizing or burning of the solid particulate material which results in overheating or agglomeration of the loopseal.

Abstract: A sulfur trioxide conditioning system includes a catalytic converter that converts a portion of the sulfur dioxide in a flow of flue gas to sulfur trioxide. The catalytic converter includes a catalyst support, which is disposed across at least a portion of the cross section of a main duct from a burner to a heat recovery apparatus, and a catalyst on the catalyst support. The amount of the catalyzed surface exposed to the flow of flue gas is selectively varied to control the conversion of sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide.

Abstract: An apparatus for removing contaminates from industrial waste streams by thermal destruction in which contaminated waste emission gases are controllably intermixed with hydroxy gas and the mixture thus formed ignited within a combustion chamber of unique design. The temperature within the combustion chamber is maintained at no less than 3000 degrees Fahrenheit to achieve molecular disassociation of the pollutants contained within the emission gas into harmless compounds.

Abstract: A steam generator having two vaporization chambers filled with molten metal salts for sequential flash evaporation of preheated atomized water through multiple vaporization tubes in said respective chambers. The molten metal salts are heated by secondary solar thermal input from lens assemblies and primary heat input from U-shaped hot air heating tubes within said vaporization chambers supplied by gas fired tube burners. Steam vapor generated by initial vaporization chamber is re-circulated to the secondary chamber outputting super heated steam. The molten metal vaporization chambers are encased in a single pressure vessel with re-circulation of condensate and multiple heat exchangers within.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for decontaminating petroleum contaminated soil and the like, and which comprises a rotary drum dryer which is adapted to convey the soil therethrough, and which includes a burner at one end for generating a heated gas stream which passes through the dryer to heat the soil to a temperature sufficient to volatilize the contaminates. A fixed enclosure is mounted to surround the discharge end of the dryer and the enclosure receives the heated soil as it is discharged from the dryer. Any entrained dust particles which are withdrawn with the exhaust gas stream from the dryer, and which may remain contaminated, are separated from the gas stream and returned to the enclosure. In the enclosure, the returned dust is mixed with the heated soil so as to cause the dust to be heated and to release its volatile contaminates, without risk of the returned dust being again entrained in the gas stream flowing through the dryer.

Abstract: For the incineration of waste materials, a process is described, in which the waste materials are reduced in size as far as necessary and are subsequently optionally mixed with fuel and are incinerated at temperatures from 1000.degree. to 1700.degree. C. to form liquid ash, a major part of which is removed as liquid slag from the combustion chamber, and the pollutants are removed from the exhaust gases produced by the incineration. The process is characterized in that the pollutant-containing droplets of liquid ash which are suspended in the exhaust gas are separated at a temperature, which is close to the incineration temperature by at least one mass force separator and are subsequently either solidified alone or are combined with the liquid slag and solidified together with said slag.

Abstract: In a coal-fired boiler, a heat recovery unit is located upstream of a dry electrostatic precipitator so as to reduce the temperature of exhaust gas flowing to the dry electrostatic precipitator and thus prevent reverse ionization in the electrostatic precipitator. The heat recovery unit located upstream of the dry electrostatic precipitator will in no way be corroded even if the concentration of dust is reduced in the dry electrostatic precipitator. A desulfurization unit does not require a cooling/dust removing section and eliminates the need for a wet electrostatic precipitator. The dry electrostatic precipitator includes a gas passage divided into a plurality of parallel passages and dampers operable to close the passages. This arrangement prevents dust from being dispersed as a result of hammering without charge.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating garbage. The apparatus has a conveyor, a continuous incinerator receiving garbage from the conveyor, a device for cooling ash carried out of the continuous incinerator, a device for filtering the ash, a pipe for inducing exhaust from the continuous incinerator to a water tank for removing particles and water-soluble components from the exhaust.

Abstract: An apparatus for remediating soil contaminated with combustible pollutants comprising means for initially heating the contaminated soil to a temperature sufficient to vaporize contaminants present therein, means for feeding the contaminated soil to the initial heating means, means for reheating gases created by vaporizing the contaminants, means for introducing the gases to the reheating means, means for cooling the gases, means for removing particulate matter from the gases, and means for exhausting the gases to the atmosphere.

Abstract: A raw sewage disposal apparatus capable of evaporating the liquid component of raw sewage contained in an airtight vessel and capable of cleaning the vessel after and evaporating the liquid component of the raw sewage and heating the vessel so that dust which is not evaporated can be collected with assurance, hence the apparatus can be used for a long time. The apparatus comprises a vessel for containing the raw sewage therein, a heater for heating the lower portion of the vessel, an air supply pipe for supplying air into the vessel, a discharge pipe communicating with the vessel for discharging vapor formed by the evaporation of the liquid component for the raw sewage, a catalyst box connected to the discharge pipe by way of a closing valve, a dust collection box connected to the discharge pipe by way of a closing valve and a collection bag housed in the dust collection box for separating the dust from the air and collecting the dust.

Abstract: A garbage incinerator is provided with a system for collecting the grate ash, the boiler ash and the fly ash resulting from the incineration and the collected residue is fed to a melting furnace from which the metal and metal compounds are recovered in the form of a metal-enriched melt and a slag which can be granulated and used in highway construction or the like since it is completely glassy. The metal-enriched melt can also be treated to recover metals therefrom.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to a process and device for waste incineration with an oxidation agent, which consists of oxygen in a higher concentration than in air, whereby the combustion gases pass through a filter, which is resistant to high temperatures and which is arranged behind the combustion zone and whereby the gases are cooled subsequently.

Abstract: A combustion box exhaust filtration system and method which removes both particulate matter (PM) and unburned hydrocarbons (UHC) from the exhaust gases. Two filters in parallel are used, each alternating operation as the other regenerates. Each filter is preferred to be constructed in a conventional manner and operates at between 100 to 300 degrees Centigrade. A microprocessor controlled valve system regulates which filter is active and which is regenerating and/or inactive. PM accumulates at the active filter, with UHC condensing on the PM. Accordingly, only PM and UHC free gasses pass out the exhaust. When the active filter becomes clogged, the microprocessor switches it to inactive status, and switches the other filter to active status. Regeneration of the inactive filter is initiated by the microprocessor using a glow plug at a predetermined location in the filter, in which PM and UHC burn slowly across the entire filter.

Abstract: A heat-generating plant comprising a combustion chamber (1), at least one convective exchange zone (4, 9), a desulfurization chamber (6) comprising at least one means (8) for injecting an absorbent and communicating with a chamber (13) linked to said first convective exchange zone (9), said separation chamber having at least one outlet (132, 133) for the spent absorbent and an outlet (14) for the depolluted gases. The plant also comprises :means (32) for regenerating the spent absorbent, andmeans (38, 41) intended to treat the absorbent and/or the regeneration gases coming from said regeneration means (32).A means (16) for the intermediate storage of the spent absorbent can also be provided in the plant.

Abstract: In a process to limit the production of flyash by dry bottom boilers, flyash is collected from flue gas using a collector such as an electrostatic precipitator. The collected flyash is carried in a carrier gas stream to which a fuel is added. The stream is introduced into the boiler in a manner to cause the flyash to soften, agglomerate and fall into the bottom ash pit.

Abstract: A fluidized bed combustion system in which a duct connects a reactor and a separator and extends within the furnace section of the reactor. The duct is wedge shaped, having an inlet width greater than its outlet width, and the bottom wall of the duct angles upwardly from the outer side wall of the duct. A portion of the duct extending within the furnace section is formed by cooling tubes which also form a portion of a side wall of the reactor, and a portion of the duct extending outside the furnace section is formed by cooling tubes which also form a portion of an outer wall of the separator. The portion of the duct extending within the furnace section is secured to the portion of the duct extending outside the furnace section to connect the reactor and separator without the use of expansion joints or seals.

Abstract: Harmful constituents are removed from non-combustible solid waste, such as incinerator ash, by continuously feeding a mixture of the solid waste and a combustible excitation material into a reaction chamber, igniting the mix in said chamber and causing it to react in the presence of oxygen until the heat of the reaction causes the solid waste material to become a molten slag and the temperature within the chamber above the molten slag is high enough to destroy substantially all of the harmful constituents in the gaseous effluent released by the formation of the molten slag. The excess molten slag is conducted from the reaction chamber. The effluent is conducted from the reaction chamber into a second chamber where it is rapidly cooled to cause particulate material to precipitate out of the effluent. The effluent is thereafter treated to remove substantially all of the remaining particulate and harmful gases to achieve acceptable environmental quality. The thus treated effluent is released into the atmosphere.

Abstract: A pollution control system for removing harmful elements from industrial smoke streams comprises a reciprocating pump assembly that draws smoke from a furnace or the like and delivers it through a passageway where the smoke is treated sequentially to remove harmful elements therefrom. Disposed along the passageway is an atomizer station, a first fibrous filter, an ignition chamber, and a second fibrous filter. Having traversed the passageway, the smoke is ejected into a large tank of water and bubbles to the surface thereof, thus being further cleansed. From the water tank, the cleansed smoke stream moves up a stack, through a final fibrous filter, and into the atmosphere where it poses a substantially reduced environmental hazard.

Abstract: Gaseous discharge from a pelletizing drier used in the treatment of sewage sludge is partially directed back to a combustion chamber that generates an effluent which is fed to the drier. Volumetric requirements of a gas scrubber and an afterburner are reduced to the volume of gaseous discharge not recycled back to the combustion chamber. A concentrated stream of sewage sludge is mixed with a quantity of dehydrated particulate matter and supplied to a rotary pelletizing drier. Fuel and air undergo a combustion process and are mixed with additional air and part of the gaseous discharge in the combustion chamber which generates a hot gaseous effluent that is directed through the drier. The effluent removes moisture from the mixture of concentrated sludge and dehydrated particulate matter to provide dehydrated particulate sludge and the gaseous discharge. Entrained materials are initially separated from the gaseous discharge by cyclone separators.