Abstract: This nozzle assembly (1) comprises a first needle (11) and a second needle (12) controlling respectively fuel flow towards a first series of outlets (213) and a second series of outlets (223). It includes a passive control valve (18) adapted to select, on the basis of the fuel feeding pressure, the needle (11 or 12) to he activated for fuel delivery to the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. An injector with such an assembly is economic and efficient to spray fuel with two different patterns.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus for enabling operation of a piezoelectric actuator, comprising a spring configured to provide a compressive force to a piezoelectric element of a piezoelectric actuator, wherein the compressive force varies with displacement of the piezoelectric element such that the compressive force is less at a first displacement than at a second displacement, and wherein the first displacement is greater than the second displacement.

Abstract: A protective cover for an actuating drive, that can be used as universally as possible, for components (14, 16) of a contacting and/or sealing arrangement of the actuating drive. The sealing arrangement is embodied in a liquid-tight but gas-permeable manner and ends in a cavity on the outer side, the cavity being covered by a cover (28) held on the actuating drive by means of a catch connection (30, 32).

Abstract: A Fluid injector has a housing (8) with a cavity and a coil (34) being arranged in the cavity. A valve needle (12) is arranged axially moveable along a predetermined axis (L) of the fluid injector. An armature (14) is arranged axially moveable along the predetermined axis (L) and is mechanically coupled to the valve needle (12). A reluctance element (42) is designed to have a permeability which is much smaller than the permeability of the housing (8) and is arranged such that a magnetic circuit with the housing (8) and the armature (14) also has the reluctance element (42).

Abstract: An injection system for injecting one or both of water and alcohol into an internal combustion engine comprising a system monitor, a control module and a mixture delivery system. The system monitor may have a parameter level display, the control module may be adapted to receive one or more user-supplied parameters and the control module may be further adapted to store the one or more user-supplied parameters. The control module may also be comprised of a plurality of connectors and at least one electrical signal generator. The system may also be comprised of electrical wiring and a mixture delivery system having a pressure source.

Abstract: Operating a self-igniting internal combustion engine includes: specifying a setpoint combustion position and a setpoint combustion noise feature; operating at least one cylinder of internal combustion engine for at least one cycle while maintaining a first injector control variable and/or an air valve control variable and a second injector control variable and/or a second air valve control variable; ascertaining actual combustion position and actual combustion noise feature of the at least one cylinder; comparing the actual combustion position to the setpoint combustion position and, in case the actual combustion position deviates from the setpoint combustion position, determining anew the first injector control variable and/or the air valve control variable; and comparing the actual combustion noise feature to the setpoint combustion noise feature and, in case the actual combustion noise feature deviates from the setpoint combustion noise feature, determining anew the second injector control variable and/or

Abstract: A piezoelectric actuator module is proposed having one or a plurality of piezoelectric actuators which is or are clamped in between an actuator head and an actuator base. According to the invention, at least the piezoelectric actuator is provided with a protection layer system. Provision is made of at least one surrounding element for tightly fixing the protection layer system to the actuator head, to the actuator base and/or to the piezoelectric actuator. The at least one surrounding element is composed of a material having a shape memory and can be pressed onto the protection layer system after a mounting-dictated expansion.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and corresponding fuel injector for injecting gaseous and liquid fuel into an engine. The method comprises delivering a liquid fuel to a fuel injector, delivering a pressurized gaseous fuel to the fuel injector, entraining the liquid fuel within the gaseous fuel within a chamber of the fuel injector and injecting the gaseous fuel and atomized liquid fuel into the combustion chamber. The liquid fuel can be passed through and dispensed from a needle into a chamber in the injector nozzle where it is entrained in the gaseous fuel during an injection event. The liquid/gas mass ratio is controlled by the needle movement, hydraulic resistances or electronic valves so that the majority of the liquid is injected during the first part of the gas injection. The injector can be used for late cycle direct injection of natural gas, or any number of gaseous fuel blends combined with many liquid fuels such as diesel, biodiesel and DME.

Abstract: A fuel injector is disclosed in which at least one electrically-controlled valve is arranged within an injector body and is connected to an injector body contact which is accessible from outside the injector body by at least one solid conductor having an essentially stable form under the influence of its intrinsic weight. The at least one solid conductor is run through at least one conductor channel and at least one alignment sleeve which may be completely or partly inserted in the at least one conductor channel and forces the at least one solid conductor completely or partly to adopt a given inclination to the injector axis and hence aligns the same.

Abstract: An injection system for injecting fuel has an actuator, a pilot valve with a valve mushroom, and a supply throttle. The control chamber encompasses a control piston, a first discharge throttle, a first sealing edge for forming a first sealing seat along with the valve mushroom, a second sealing edge of a piston chamber with a valve piston, the second sealing edge forming a second sealing seat along with the valve piston during a maximum actuator working lift for sealing the piston chamber and the valve chamber from each other; and a second discharge throttle connecting the piston chamber to the low-pressure zone between the first and the second sealing edge, wherein d1>d2>d3, d1 are the minimum diameter of the first discharge throttle, d2 being the minimum diameter of the second discharge throttle, and d3 being the minimum diameter of the supply throttle.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is provided with at least one modulator for adjusting an air mass in a cylinder. It is also provided with an injection valve for metering fuel to which fuel is supplied via a fuel supply device. A maximum fuel quantity which can be metered to the cylinder per working stroke is determined. Depending on the maximum meterable fuel quantity, a maximum producible torque is determined. An air mass flow is determined depending on an air/fuel ratio to be adjusted and the maximum meterable fuel quantity is adjusted by controlling the at least one modulator for adjusting the air mass. The injection valve is controlled in accordance with the maximum meterable fuel quantity when the required torque is greater or equal the maximum producible torque.

Abstract: A method is described for operating an injector, in particular an injector of an injection system of an internal combustion engine, the injector including a piezoelectric actuator that is connected to a valve needle via a coupling element, an electric voltage being applied to the piezoelectric actuator, resulting in an increase and/or decrease in the length of the piezoelectric actuator, a holding voltage being applied to the piezoelectric actuator when the injector is closed. The voltage of the piezoelectric actuator is brought to the holding voltage by a recharge sequence.

Abstract: A self-guided armature assembly for a single pole solenoid assembly includes an armature stem and an armature. The solenoid assembly includes a flux ring component and an actuator body. The armature is movable inside the flux ring. An axial air gap is defined between the top armature surface of the armature and a bottom stator surface of a stator assembly. A sliding air gap is defined between an inner diameter surface of the flux ring and an outer diameter surface of the armature. The self-guided armature is guided along the flux ring via a guiding interaction between the armature and the flux ring. The sliding air gap is smaller than the axial air gap. A stem clearance gap is defined between the armature stem and the actuator body. The sliding air gap is also smaller than the stem clearance gap.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fuel injector, comprising a housing having a sealable injector seat; a fuel injector pin disposed within the housing proximate to the injector seat such that the injector seat may be sealed and unsealed by displacing the fuel injector pin; a resilient element biasing the fuel injector pin in an unsealed direction; a piezoelectric actuator disposed within the housing proximal to the fuel injector pin configured to actuate to force the injector pin towards the injector seat to seal the injector seat; and a thermal compensating unit disposed within the housing proximal to the actuator and configured to compensate for thermal expansion or contraction of a component of the fuel injector.

Abstract: A lead-zirconate-titanate ceramic has texturing, with textured nuclei containing barium-titanate crystallites, wherein the barium-titanate crystallites have a substantially equal crystal characteristic, including form anisotropy, and an orientation in the lead-zirconate-titanate ceramic. A method for the production of a PZT ceramic has the following steps: a) providing the barium-titanate crystallite, b) mixing the barium-titanate crystallite and a starting material of the lead-zirconate-titanate into a ceramic green body such that the barium-titanate crystallites in the green body have an orientation, and c) heat-treating the green body. The heat treatment has calcination and sintering of the piezo-ceramic composition. The barium-titanate crystallites are used in a “template grain growth process” as crystallization nuclei. The piezo-ceramic component is, for example, an ultrasonic transducer or a piezo-ceramic bender actuator.

Abstract: Provided are barrier coatings and methods for applying barrier coatings to piezoelectric actuators that are intended for use in automotive fuel injectors. The barrier coatings are characterised by the presence of at least one organic layer, and additionally metal and/or non-metallic inorganic layers. The barrier coatings described show advantage in resisting permeation by liquid fuel, water and other contaminants.

Abstract: A system and method for defining a signal for driving a piezoelectric actuator, comprising defining a wave profile corresponding to a voltage waveform of a signal for actuating a piezoelectric actuator; modifying the wave profile such that an operational profile of the piezoelectric actuator is adjusted; and providing the signal to the piezoelectric actuator to operate the piezoelectric actuator.

Abstract: A method of poling a ferroelectric sample suitable for use in a fuel injector of an internal combustion engine, the method comprising providing a ferroelectric sample having a stack of ferroelectric layers, wherein adjacent layers are separated by internal electrodes, forming a first group and a second group of electrodes; applying a multiaxial pressure to the ferroelectric sample; reducing the bonding strength between each pair of adjacent ferroelectric layers and internal electrodes; and generating a first electric field between the first and second group of electrodes to pole each ferroelectric layer in a first poling direction.

Abstract: An air fuel injection engine including an air-intake passage configured to guide air taken in from outside to a combustion chamber formed by a cylinder block and a cylinder head, a fuel injector configured to inject fuel to an interior of the air-intake passage, and a water jacket through which cooling water flows to cool the air-intake passage. As viewed in a plane crossing an air flow direction in the air-intake passage and passing through a predetermined region of an inner wall of the air-intake passage, the predetermined region including a crossing point at which a fuel injection center line of the fuel injected from the fuel injector crosses the inner wall of the air-intake passage, the water jacket is configured to extend away from the crossing point along a circumferential direction of the air-intake passage, from a region near the predetermined region.

Abstract: Provided is a highly durable laminated piezoelectric element wherein a stress generated at a portion, i.e., the boundary between an active region and inactive region, is reduced. A method for manufacturing such laminated piezoelectric element is also provided. The laminated piezoelectric element has a laminated structure (15) wherein a plurality of piezoelectric layers (11) and internal electrode layers (13) are alternately laminated. The piezoelectric layer (11) contains a metal element other than those elements constituting piezoelectric ceramic, i.e., the main component of the piezoelectric layer (11), and at a portion (11a) of the piezoelectric layer (11) at the vicinity of an end of the internal electrode layer (13), metal particles having a metal element as a main component exist. The content of the metal at the portion (11a) at the vicinity of the end is higher than the content of a compound of the metal element and a nonmetal element.

Abstract: A fuel injection unit is designed for replacement of existing carburetors. The fuel injection unit can be sized similarly to the existing carburetor. The fuel injection unit can have concealed fuel injectors. End caps can be provided that overlie the fuel injectors and that contain fuel line connections. The end caps provide an appearance of carburetor fuel bowls while generally concealing the fuel injectors and the associated fluid connections.

Abstract: A stacked piezoelectric device 1 includes a ceramic laminate 15 formed by laminating a plurality of piezoelectric ceramic layers 11 and a plurality of inner electrode layers 13 and 14 alternately and a pair of side electrodes 17 and 18 formed on side surfaces thereof. The inner electrode layers 13 and 14 are connected electrically to either of the side electrodes. The ceramic laminate 15 has absorbing portions 12 formed in slit-like areas recessed inwardly from the side surfaces thereof. The stress absorbing portions are easier to deform than the piezoelectric ceramic layers 11. Adjacent two of the inner electrode layers 13 and 14 interleaving the stress absorbing portion 12 therebetween are both connected electrically to the positive side electrode 17.

Abstract: An electromagnetic fuel injection valve in which a first resin-molded layer that is made of a synthetic resin, covers a solenoid section, and forms a coupler main portion that defines a coupler is covered by a second resin-molded layer different from that of the first resin-molded layer so that an outer face of the coupler main portion is exposed from a middle part up to the extremity of the coupler main portion. An endless engagement groove is provided on the outer periphery of the middle pad of the coupler main portion of the first resin-molded layer, the second resin-molded layer engaging with the endless engagement groove. An extending portion extending further outward than the engagement groove is formed in the second resin-molded layer so that the extending portion makes contact with an outer face of the coupler main portion when in a non-engaged state and covers the coupler main portion.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine, such as a direct injection compression ignition diesel engine, includes an engine housing having a plurality of cylinders and a plurality of fuel injectors associated one with each of the cylinders. The fuel injectors each include a first fuel inlet and a second fuel inlet, and an actuator subassembly which is configured to actuate a control valve assembly positioned within the fuel injector. The engine further includes a fuel system having a fuel supply circuit, and a cooling system for the actuator subassembly having a cooling circuit with a segment in common with a segment of the fuel system. The cooling system is configured to pass cooling fuel across a heat exchange interface of the actuator subassembly to exchange heat therewith. The actuator subassembly may include a piezoelectric actuator and a preloading spring, which are each fluidly sealed within a casing of the actuator subassembly.

Abstract: A throttle valve control system for an internal combustion engine includes plural throttle bodies with respective intake passages formed therethrough. Each of the respective throttle bodies includes a throttle valve shaft and a throttle valve, the throttle valves are operated by an actuator via the throttle valve shafts. The throttle bodies are each provided with plural fuel injection valves, and fuel lines which connect adjacent fuel injection valves together are arrayed in parallel with a direction of the throttle valve shafts, and are arranged between the throttle bodies and the actuator.

Abstract: A fuel injector includes a body piece that defines a nozzle supply passage and a chamber in fluid communication therewith and configured to contain a fluid pressure within the fuel injector. The body piece has a threaded segment and a second, unthreaded segment that includes an outer surface of the fuel injector. A tip piece is clamped via a clamping piece to the body piece to form a fluid seal therewith, and a needle check extends within the body piece and the tip piece. The body piece is configured to contain fluid pressures, for example up to and exceeding 200 MPa, and has a wall thickness between the chamber and the unthreaded segment that is linked to a fluid pressure of fuel passing through the chamber. The fuel injector is configured via integrating portions of a nozzle case and a body guide to contain the extremely high fuel pressures.

Abstract: An injection valve (62) has an injection body (38) with a first cavity (7), wherein a valve body (4) is at least partially disposed and wherein an armature collar (28) is axially movable. The valve body (4) has a second cavity (8), wherein a valve needle (10) is axially movable. An armature (12) is axially movable at least partially within the first cavity (7) and has a first cylindrical portion (32) and a second cylindrical portion (34), which is mechanically coupled to the valve needle (10). A coil assembly (40) is operable to magnetically actuate the armature (12) and the valve needle (10). The armature collar (28) partially takes in the second cylindrical portion (34). An armature collar spring (20) is adopted to supply the armature collar (28) with a spring load to push the armature collar (28) towards the first cylindrical portion (32).

Abstract: When a fuel injection valve is mounted on an engine, a distance between a core and an armature during non-energization of a coil can be prevented from becoming narrow. The coil is arranged inside the core, and a body is fixedly secured at its one end to an end of the core. A housing is arranged outside the coil with its one end abutting a cylinder head. A cap is arranged at the other end of the housing, and abuts at its side opposite to the housing with a fastening unit. The armature is arranged for reciprocation inside the body, and is magnetically attracted to the magnetized core. A gap is formed between the housing and the body, with the cap and the core being fixed to each other, and upon mounting the valve on the engine, the housing and the fastening unit abut the cylinder head and the cap, respectively.

Abstract: An electronic unit injector comprising a spray tip including a valve seat, a needle valve arranged to close on the seat to prevent discharge of fuel from the spray tip or to open off the seat to dispense fuel from the spray tip, a spring biasing the needle valve to a closed position, a spring seat between the spring and the needle valve, the needle valve overcoming the biasing force when the pressure reaches a predetermined level, the spring and seat being disposed in a cage having port areas circumferentially arranged about said spring and spring seat to supply low pressure fuel to the area occupied by said spring and spring seat to reduce the risk of cavitation in said spring cage.

Abstract: In a method for detaching a plurality of ceramic components (11-15) from a ceramic component block (1), the following steps are provided: providing the component block (1); mounting a plurality of parallel wire segments (21-26) in a frame (3) to form a saw frame (2); and sawing the provided component block (1) into the plurality of components (11-15) using the saw frame (2).

Abstract: A piezoelectric actuator for flowing-around media, with a piezo element arranged between two end caps. The piezo element is surrounded by a ring-shaped sheathing connected to the end caps. The sheathing consists, at least in portions, of a composite material with at least two layers, at least one layer consisting of a metallic material and at least one layer consisting of a polymer.

Abstract: An upper guide system for a solenoid actuated fuel injector of an internal combustion engine includes an armature having a first diameter section, a reduced diameter second section, and a concave portion at the transition between the first and second sections. The guide system also includes a guide shaped to extend into the concave portion of the armature and includes a central opening that slidably receives the second diameter section. The guide positions and guides the armature in a radial and an axial direction. The guide is assembled in an axial location that is close to the axial location of the center of the magnetic force acting on the armature. The guide system allows for a desired relative large guide length to diameter ratio.

Abstract: An upper guide system for a solenoid actuated fuel injector of an internal combustion engine includes an armature and a guide ring having a cylindrical shape and surrounding the armature and positioning the armature in a radial direction. The location of the upper guide system is substantially in the same axial location as the radial magnetic forces imposed on the armature. Features such as flutes or grooves are disposed on an outer diameter surface of the armature and/or holes through a body portion of the armature. Accordingly, the response performance of the solenoid actuated fuel injector is improved.

Abstract: A fuel injector for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines is described. The fuel injector includes an electromagnetic actuating element having a magnetic coil, a core and a valve jacket as the outer magnetic circuit component and a movable valve-closure member which interacts with a valve-seat surface assigned to a valve-seat member. The core and a connecting tube in an inner opening of a thin-walled valve sleeve and the valve jacket on the outer circumference of the valve sleeve are firmly connected to the valve sleeve by pressing them therein/thereon. The fixed press connection between two of these metallic components of the fuel injector is characterized in that at least one of the component partners has a structure including grooves in its press area and/or the particular press area has an inlet rounding in at least one transition to an adjacent component section.

Abstract: A fuel injector including a nozzle portion and an electrically actuated valve assembly configured to control a flow of fuel to the nozzle portion. The electrically actuated valve assembly may include a piezoelectric element and a biasing member. The fuel injector also may include a housing with at least a portion of the electrically actuated valve assembly disposed in the housing. The housing may define a cavity between the piezoelectric element and the housing. A thermally conductive material may be disposed at least partially within the cavity and may be configured to transfer heat from the piezoelectric element to the housing.

Abstract: The injector comprises a dosing servo valve for controlling a rod for opening/closing a nebulizer. The servo valve has a valve body having a control chamber provided with an outlet passage that is opened/closed by an open/close element that is axially movable. The open/close element is separate from an anchor of an electromagnet, and is slidable on an axial guide element for closing the outlet passage. The open/close element is held in the closing position by a spring acting through an intermediate body. The anchor can be displaced with respect to the axial guide element between a flange of the intermediate body and a projection element of the guide member, for eliminating the rebounds of the open/close element upon closing of the solenoid valve.

Abstract: A fuel injector has an injector body and a control rod, which is movable in the injector body along an axis for controlling opening/closing of a nozzle that injects fuel in an engine cylinder; the injector body houses a metering servovalve, provided with a control chamber and with an open/close element of a balanced type, axial sliding of which causes a variation in pressure in the control chamber; the metering servovalve comprises a valve body made of two pieces coaxially coupled to one another via a deformable ring, which defines also a gasket for guaranteeing fluid tightness between the two pieces and maintains in a fixed position a disk on which a calibrated restriction is made.

Abstract: The injector comprises a balanced metering servovalve for controlling a rod for opening/closing a nebulizer. The servovalve has a valve body having a control chamber provided with an outlet passage that is opened/closed by an axially mobile open/close element. The open/close element is made of a single piece with a bushing separate from an armature plate of an electromagnet. The bushing is coupled to a stem in an axially slidable way for closing an exhaust duct in communication with the outlet passage The open/close element is kept in a closed position by a spring that acts upon the bushing through an intermediate body connected thereto. The armature plate can be displaced with respect to the bushing between a flange of the intermediate body and a shoulder of the bushing, for eliminating the rebounds of the open/close element upon closing of the servovalve.

Abstract: A fuel supply system has an air chamber that contains a fuel injector. At least one aperture is formed in a substantially lowermost portion of a lower surface of the air chamber. The aperture and the lower surface have a generally uninterrupted or smooth transition or interface.

Abstract: A V-type internal combustion engine includes a crankcase, a crankshaft disposed in the crankcase, and first and second banks operatively attached to the crankcase. The engine also includes a throttle body, an electric motor and a force-transmitting device arranged between the first and second banks. The force-transmitting device is disposed adjacent the front bank with respect to the throttle body. The force-transmitting device is disposed on a non-transmitting portion side opposite to a side where a timing mechanism is located with respect to a branch pipe of an intake air routing pipe, which supplies intake air into a cylinder adjacent to the timing mechanism of the first bank. An electric motor for operating the throttle valve is provided in the throttle body, and fuel injection valves are arranged between the banks.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fuel injector (1) for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, said injector comprising a nozzle needle (4) which moves back and forth in an injector body (2) and/or in a nozzle body (3) in order to release and/or to close at least one injection opening (5) in the nozzle body (3). The movement of the nozzle needle (4) can be controlled by a control valve which co-operates with a control chamber (6). The control valve comprises a valve needle (7) which is guided back and forth and can be moved in relation to a sealing seat (8) in order to ventilate the control chamber (6) in a fuel return (8) when the valve needle (7) is lifted from the sealing seat (8). The valve needle (7) has a differential surface which enables the needle to be subjected to a fuel pressure and held in the direction of the sealing seat (8).

Abstract: A piezoelectric actuator arrangement (30) for use in a fuel injector (2), the actuator arrangement (30) comprising a stack (36) of one or more piezoelectric elements for receipt with an fluid chamber (12) of the injector (2), electrode means for generating an electric field within the stack (36), in use, and an electrical connector arrangement (42) for electrically connecting the electrode means to an external power supply, in use. The connector arrangement (42) comprises a first portion (60) in the form of a, base member, and a second portion (62) in the form of a body member, that are mutually arranged to form an articulated joint so as to provide the first portion (60) with at least one degree of freedom relative” to the second portion (62).

Abstract: The objective of the present invention is to realize the structure, of a fuel injection valve, in which bouncing of the needle can be suppressed and the armature position can be fixed while the valve is closed, without increasing the number of components and the number of processes. In a fuel injection valve including an armature that is repelled or attracted by a core, by de-energizing or energizing a coil, a needle that opens or closes a valve seat in accordance with a reciprocal travel of the armature, and a valve-closing spring that biases the needle so as to close the valve, when the coil is de-energized, the valve-closing spring is disposed on the armature, and the needle and the armature are fixed in such a way that the armature can travel in an axis direction by a predetermined amount with respect to the needle.

Abstract: The objective of the present invention is to realize the structure, of a fuel injection valve, in which bouncing of the needle can be suppressed and the armature position can be fixed while the valve is closed, without increasing the number of components and the number of processes. In a fuel injection valve including an armature that is repelled or attracted by a core, by de-energizing or energizing a coil; a needle that opens or closes a valve seat in accordance with a reciprocal travel of the armature; and a valve-closing spring that biases the needle so as to close the valve, when the coil is de-energized, the needle and the armature are fixed in such a way that the armature can travel in an axis direction by a predetermined amount with respect to the needle, and the coil is preliminarily energized while the fuel injection valve is closed by the needle.

Abstract: In a fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine that includes, but is not limited to injectors (I1-I4), each of which is adapted to deliver a predetermined amount of pressurized fuel to a combustion chamber of a respective cylinder (C1-C4) of the engine, a high-pressure accumulator volume common to the injectors (I1-I4) and arranged to maintain the fuel at high-pressure, a pressure sensor for measuring fuel pressure in the accumulator volume, a metering unit for adjusting the fuel pressure in the accumulator volume as a function of the measured pressure, so as to maintain a predetermined target injection pressure set-point dependent on the engine operating point by returning excess fuel to a fuel tank; and an electronic control unit arranged for controlling fuel injection timing and quantity by operating injectors control valves, the operating pressure is controlled by triggering retarded injections (INJpost) of a predetermined quantity of fuel to the combustion chamber of the cylinders (C1-C4) of

Abstract: A fuel injector is disclosed. The fuel injector includes an injector valve needle and a valve actuation assembly including a stator, an armature, and a valve, the valve in fluid communication with the injector valve needle. A stator protection device is positioned between the stator and at least a portion of the armature. The stator protection device is configured to prevent contact between the stator and the armature.

Abstract: A injection conversion body with internal injector compartment for converting a normally carbureted internal combustion engine to a fuel injected engine while concealing the fuel delivery system. The original engine carburetor is removed. The plenum assembly is mated to the original engine intake manifold and a suitable throttle body is mated to the intake apertures which are oriented to permit installation without modification to the vehicle body work or relocation of other engine components. Air drawn through the throttle body is mixed with fuel from fuel injectors inside the plenum as it is directed to and exits the fuel air exhaust opening and enters the engine intake manifold. Interchangeable restriction plates are provided for insertion into the plenum fuel air exhaust opening to tune the fuel/air mixing characteristics to match the needs of the engine with which it is mated. Fuel is delivered to the fuel injectors through an internal, concealed fuel rail and fuel lines.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an indirect-injection internal-combustion engine, notably a supercharged engine, in particular of spark-ignition type, that can run according to a burnt gas scavenging mode or to a conventional mode, comprising at least one cylinder (10) with a combustion chamber (12), at least two air intake means (14, 16), one (14) of the means being a burnt gas scavenging intake means and the other (16) being a fuel injection intake means. The means comprising each a pipe (18, 20) controlled by an intake valve (22, 24), at least one burnt gas exhaust means with an exhaust valve (34) associated with an exhaust pipe (36) and at least one fuel injection means (26).

Abstract: A fuel system includes a plurality of fuel injectors fluidly connected to a common rail. Each of the fuel injectors has at least one body component and includes an intensifier control valve for controlling movement of an intensifier piston, a needle control valve for controlling movement of a needle valve member, and exactly one electrical actuator coupled with the intensifier control valve and the needle control valve via a coupling linkage. The intensifier control valve and the needle control valve each include a valve member that is movable with respect to a valve seat. The electrical actuator includes an intermediate position during which the valve member of one of the intensifier control valve and the needle control valve is in contact with the respective valve seat, and the valve member of the other of the intensifier control valve and the needle control valve is out of contact with the respective valve seat.

Abstract: An integrated, modular system for delivering fuel to an engine component in an engine having a fuel tank, as well as engine employing such a system, and methods of implementing such a system, are disclosed herein. In at least one embodiment, the system includes a housing defining a chamber, an in inlet, and a passage leading to an outlet, the inlet receiving fuel from the tank and directing the fuel into the chamber, the outlet capable of providing fuel from the passage toward the engine component. The system also includes both a pump and a pressure regulator supported within the housing, with the pump having a pump input and output, and the pressure regulator having a regulator input and output. The pump input and regulator output are in communication with the chamber and the pump output and regulator input are in communication with the passage.