Abstract: A tubular casing for foodstuffs, in particular sausages, comprising a web (4) which is curved along its longitudinal axis and having its longitudinal edge regions (1, 2) bonded by a glued seam. The edge regions (1, 2) meet or overlap and are bonded with a strip of film (6). A pressure-sensitive adhesive is used for the bonding. The tubular casing carries an adhesion-promoting layer (5) on the surface adjacent to the adhesive layer (3). Preferably, the strip of film and the edge regions of the web are comprised of a smoke-permeable material, and optionally the pressure-sensitive adhesive layers also have a smoke-permeable structure, such as perforations. The tubular casing can also be shirred.

Abstract: Disclosed is a tubular casing comprising a fiber-reinforced regenerated cellulose wherein the fiber-reinforcement comprises a fiber web comprising first and second edge regions, parallel to the longitudinal axis, which are overlapped and bonded to form a tube; an impregnation layer of a thermoplastic synthetic resin applied on the entire inwardly-facing surface of the fiber-reinforcement and present in a weight per unit area of less than about 50 g/m.sup.2, the impregnation layer comprising the bond for the edge regions; and a regenerated cellulose surface on the outer surface of the fiber-reinforcement. Also disclosed is a process for manufacturing the tubular casing.

Abstract: A high strength flexible hose for conveying fluids under pressure wherein the hose includes a synthetic thermoplastic polymeric core tube, one or more inner reinforcing layers of a high strength aramid yarn having a section modulus of over 400 grams per denier and a tenacity of more than 15 grams per denier at room temperature, and one or more outer reinforcing layers of metal wire.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for producing a composite pipe for handling destructive materials under pressure and vacuum conditions. The pipe includes a tubular liner formed of thermoplastic material capable of withstanding the destructive material. A strip of glass fiber fabric is helically wrapped around the outer surface of the liner. Heat is applied externally to the wrapped liner at a sufficient rate to simultaneously melt the exterior surface of the liner and thermally expand the liner radially outwardly into the openings in the fabric. Upon cooling, a permanent mechanical bond is achieved between the liner and the fabric. A layer of fiber glass and resin is then applied to the outer surface of the wrapped liner for structural rigidity and strength.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for causing a flexible tubular lining material to be fixed to the inner surface of a pipe line wherein the tubular lining material is initially attached to the inner surface of the pipe line by a binder provided on the surface of the tubular lining material which comprises providing a flexible hose material having a porous structure inside the pipe line which has been lined with the tubular lining material and introducing a heated gaseous fluid stream into the interior of the flexible hose whereby the heated gaseous fluid stream is introduced through the pores of the flexible hose along the inner surface of the lined pipe line, the flexible tubular lining material being warmed to accelerate the curing of the binder interposed between the inner surface of the pipe line and the flexible lining material.

Abstract: A hose resistant to deformation is described which includes the usual polymeric tube and outer cover, and at least one annular reinforcement layer of fiber bundles sandwiched between the tube and cover. A polymeric aqueous-insoluble continuous film impregnates the fiber bundles and binds the reinforcement to at least one of the cover and tube, the continuous polymeric film serving to unexpectedly stiffen the hose appreciably. A method for producing the hose is described wherein the adhesive film is formed by applying a latex dispersion to the hose tube and/or reinforcement.

Abstract: A flexible reinforced hose for conveying fluid under pressure and comprising a polymeric core tube covered by two or more layers of stranded reinforcement. Each layer of reinforcement is of a material having a lower modulus of elasticity than the next radially outward layer of reinforcement so that each layer may more readily expand in diameter than the next outer layer due to elongation of the strands when the hose is subjected to fluid under pressure to thus cause the radial load imposed by the fluid pressure to be distributed more evenly among layers. Each layer may comprise first and second sets of oppositely helically wound strands that may be either interwoven to form a braid or a knit or wherein the second set is wound over the first set.

Abstract: Elastomeric hose having relatively low thermal conductivity is provided comprising an outer tubular cover vulcanized to an inner tube, the outer cover being radially expanded and having a cellular or porous network formed therein. A braided or knitted reinforcing layer may be provided between the radially expanded cellular cover and the inner tube with the former being bonded or vulcanized to the latter through the interstices of the reinforcing layer. The elastomeric hose may be formed by a process wherein a first forming composition, including a thermosetable elastomer, is extruded to form an uncured inner tube which is then simultaneously introduced into a cross-head extruder with a second, separately prepared, forming composition including a thermosetable elastomer and a blowing agent.

Abstract: A composite reinforced plastic pipe and method of making the same are disclosed wherein a resin impregnated surfacing mat is formed into a tubular inner liner on a mandrel or the like, a plurality of resin impregnated continuous fiberglass strands are helically wound upon the inner liner to form an inner layer, a sand-resin composition is applied onto the inner layer to form a tubular core, and an outer layer of resin impregnated continuous fiberglass strands are helically wound upon the tubular core whereafter the composite pipe is cured to provide a pipe having high resistance to internal and external pressures.

Abstract: A flexible hose line which may be used for loading and unloading oil tankers having a secondary fluid retaining reinforcement carcass to retain leakage and to indicate by radial expansion failure of the main carcass. The secondary carcass may be of high elongation material or may have an angle of lay of the reinforcement to give radial expansion on pressurization.

Abstract: The method of constructing multi-layered hoses of plastic materials in which a coating comprising resorcinol, urethane adhesive and a solvent is applied to the outer surface of an inner tubular member or layer of either polyamide or polyester with the solvent acting as a carrier for the resorcinol and adhesive, removing a major portion of the solvent from the coating, and applying an outer tubular layer of a plastic material such as polyamide, polyester, polyurethane or polyvinyl chloride, but of a different material than the inner layer, over the inner layer in contact with the coating.

Abstract: A method of constructing a finished hose that includes a synthetic rubber core tube, comprising extruding the tube over a mandrel, completely curing the tube, applying a bonding agent to the tube, and applying reinforcement and covering over the tube so that it becomes bonded thereto, and removing the mandrel, whereby only the synthetic rubber core tube is subjected to the curing process.

Abstract: This invention comprises a method for manufacturing elastomeric high pressure hose having reinforcement in the form of braided or spiral wrapped textile yarns between extruded inner and outer elastomeric layers. The method includes the steps of extruding the inner elastomeric layer over a long flexible mandrel up to about 1000 ft in length coextensively therewith, then progressively freezing portions of the layer and braiding or spiral wrapping a textile reinforcement thereover. The layer is frozen to prevent extrusion of the inner layer during the braiding. Thereafter additional elastomeric and textile layers are applied and the elastomers are vulcanized in an elongated continuous vulcanizer.