Abstract: A composite paper making fabric comprising at least two complete weaves each formed by its own set of warp and weft yarns and interconnected by a binder yarn which is interwoven with the two complete weaves. An upper one of the complete weaves constitutes a paper-side weave which is comprised of flattened warp yarns interwoven with its weft yarns.

Abstract: A fabric for the sheet forming section of a papermaking machine includes a double-layer or multi-layer fabric of interwoven longitudinal and transverse threads and additional transverse threads floating on the paper side. The additional transverse threads have a greater repeat length than the ordinary transverse threads and alternatingly float in one weave repeat on the paper side, while in the next weave repeat they are interwoven in the fabric interior. The additional transverse threads preferably have a smaller diameter than the ordinary transverse threads.

Abstract: A pintle unit and method of closing a seam in a papermakers felt which provides a tight closure along the full length of the seam. The seam is closed with a pintle unit made up of a plurality of pintle elements which are tapered and pulled into the seam to interact in a wedging fashion. The pintle elements are tapered for a length at least as long as the width of the seam so that when wedged in the seam a pintle unit of substantially uniform size across the full width of the felt is provided.

Abstract: An improved wet press felt for a papermaking machine which includes a woven base layer, a layer of monofilament fiber mesh oriented adjacent the woven base and at least one layer of non-woven batt material affixed to the combination of woven base layer and mesh layer. When a plurality of layers of non-woven batt material are employed, a layer of mesh is oriented between adjacent batt layers.

Abstract: An improved papermakers' fabric for use in papermaking, cellulose and similar machines, comprising a first layer of cross-machine direction yarns, which layer is intended in the position of use of the fabric to face the material to be formed, a second layer of cross-machine direction yarns stacked approximately under the first layer of cross machine direction yarns, which layer is intended in the position of use of the fabric to face the machine drive rollers, and machine direction yarns interweaving said two cross-machine direction layers. The paperside cross-machine direction yarns are woven for maximum cross-machine fiber support with alternate 6 float and 8 float sections. The machine side cross-machine direction yarns have a 14 float, ensuring high cross machine yarn volume available for wear before the load bearing machine direction yarns are subject to wear.

Abstract: A method for making a woven dryer fabric having different permeabilities in different sections across its width to control the moisture profile of a web being conveyed through the dryer section of the papermaking machine is disclosed. Additional cross machine yarns are interwoven only over a selected distance or distances across the fabric in the cross machine direction. The non-interwoven segments of the additional cross machine direction yarns form surface floats which are subsequently removed by shearing.

Abstract: A fabric for the sheet forming section of a papermaking machine comprising two layers of transverse threads and longitudinal threads interwoven with both layers of transverse threads. Both the paper side and the running side have a transverse structure, and the number of transverse threads in the upper layer is twice as high as that in the lower layer. The longitudinal threads interweave twice in each repeat with the upper layer and with the lower layer. Interweaving with the upper layer is effected one time with a transverse thread laying directly above a transverse wire of the lower layer and the other time with a transverse thread disposed between and above two transverse threads of the lower layer.

Abstract: A joinable paper machine felt assembly includes a plurality of spaced first and second cross-threads, the cross-threads being longitudinally spaced and each first cross-thread being laterally spaced from a second cross-thread for thereby defining a plurality of cross-thread pairs. An end two of the cross-thread pairs define first and second fabric ends. A plurality of first and second alternatingly disposed and directly adjacently positioned lengthwise threads bind the cross-threads into a fabric. Each first lengthwise thread forms a first loop extending over the threads of the cross-thread pair at one of the fabric ends and immediately thereafter each first lengthwise thread extends back into the fabric and alternatingly first crossing between and then passing over the associated cross-threads of the cross-thread pairs.

Abstract: A technique of forming a seam in a woven multilayer papermaking fabric provides a machine side join for the ends of each machine direction filament with a machine side knuckle formed in such machine direction filament and spaced from the closest exit point of the machine direction filament tails from the fabric by not less than one nor more than three intervening cross machine filaments, with the weave crossings in both the machine direction and cross machine direction in the join being substantially the same as the weave crossings in the body of the fabric.

Abstract: The invention concerns a machine felt, in particular a papermaking machine felt, having the following features:(a) the machine felt comprises a support material extending over its entire length,(b) the support material is in several plies over it entire extent,(c) the individual plies consists of at least one belt of material, in particular a knit fabric,(d) the belt of material, or at least one of the belts of material, exceeds the size of the machine felt and overlaps itself forming at least two complete plies,(e) the plies of the support material are connected by at least one pinned web.

Abstract: A papermachine fabric for the production of tissue paper or porous batts has a two layer fabric comprised of a fine upper fabric layer and a coarser lower fabric layer. Both fabric layers have a large open area. The two fabric layers are firmly interconnected so that the upper fabric layer exhibits depressions at the sites of interweaving which are distributed in the manner of a pattern. The papermachine fabric is especially suited as an embossing fabric for after drying the paper web coming from a sheet forming fabric or as a second sheet former of a twin wire former.

Abstract: A papermaker's multilayer fabric having at least top and bottom layers of machine direction yarns which are interwoven with cross machine direction yarns systems to establish a first interwoven fabric layer which is bound to a bottom layer fabric with the two being united by interweaving cross machine direction yarns from the bottom fabric layer in the upper fabric layer. The effective pressing surface area of the first fabric layer being equal to or greater than (x+1)+(0.5y). Wherein (x+1) defines the contribution of the upper fabric layer to the effective pressing surface area and the contribution of the binding yarn is defined by the y factor of the equation. Accordingly, the total effective pressing area is defined by the contributions of the upper ply and the binding yarns.

Abstract: A device for mounting felts in papermaking machines, which device consists of a supplementary strip mounted along the lengthwise edge or edges of the felt. Spaced apart apertures are formed in the strip along the length of the felt. The apertures are shaped so as to be gripped manually or by means of special tools. Instead of a strip with apertures formed therein separate gripping means in the form of handle loops may be attached to the felt in spaced-apart relationship along the edge or edges of the felt.

Abstract: A papermaker's felt having an elongated base fabric, at least one batt layer, and means to interconnect the opposite longitudinal ends of the base fabric to make an endless felt. The endless felt is made by providing seaming loops on opposite longitudinal ends of the base fabric and bringing the loops into interdigitated engagement on the papter making machine; introducing a core element into the common bight of said loops to connect them; and finally needling the batt layer so that the abutting ends thereof (which abut each other at right angles to the longitudinal direction and obliquely to the thickness direction) are engaged without any opening between them.

Abstract: A dryer fabric for use in a dryer section of a paper machine wherein at least a portion of the machine direction components are monofilaments made from polyphenylene sulphide or a blend of polyphenylene sulphide and heat-stabilized polyamide 66. When using a blend the polyamide 66 is present in the range of up to about 20% by weight.

Abstract: There is described a cloth for draining and drying paper webs, comprising a fabric formed by warp threads and weft threads. Said cloth further comprises a top layer of interlaced lengthwise strips and weft threads, at least one upper weft thread part passing underneath one or a plurality of lengthwise strips, being connected to the fabric by at least one warp thread thereof, which has been passed between said upper weft thread part and the lengthwise strip or strips.

Abstract: In order to avoid marking by the supporting surfaces in an endless belt for paper machines or the like with a number of helices consisting of opposing winding legs and headcurves joining these flanks together and into whose intermediary spaces the headcurves of the neighboring helix are forced to a degree that there develops between the two helices a range of overlapping into which a rod is inserted and in order to create the possibility for regulating the flow of air through the wire belt, at least the paper web-supporting winding legs of the helices are glued with a layer of fiber segments. Additionally, in such an endless belt permeability may be controlled by providing fiber segments on the winding legs and/or on the side areas adjacent the loop flanks.

Abstract: A fabric for the sheet forming section of a papermaking machine is comprised of an upper and a lower layer of transverse threads interwoven with longitudinal threads. The number of transverse threads in the upper layer is twice as high as that in the lower layer. Within each weave repeat each longitudinal thread is interwoven two times with the upper layer of transverse threads. The transverse threads of the upper layer and the longitudinal threads form crimps disposed in the paper plane. First transverse threads in the upper layer form crimps reaching up to the paper plane which are supported in a crimp saddle of a longitudinal thread, and second transverse threads in the upper layer alternating with the first transverse thread form crimps reaching up to the paper plane which are supported by two adjacent longitudinal threads one of which ascends from the fabric interior to the paper plane while the other one descends from the paper plane into the fabric interior.

Abstract: A method of making a papermaker's felt which includes the steps of forming a pin seam fabric having interdigitated loops at the ends of the fabric joined by a pin. A batt of fibrous material is needled into at least one face of the fabric and across the pin seam joint. When the felt is to be installed on the papermaking machine, the pin is removed and the felt is bent back on itself at the joint to bring the portions of the batt adjacent the joint into contiguous or contacting relation and cause the loops to separate. The batt is then cut along a line extending through the separated loops to provide a flat or opened felt which can then be installed on the papermaking machine. After installation, the loops are interdigitated and the pin is reinserted through the loops to provide the endless felt construction.

Abstract: A papermaker's fabric woven from uniformly precoated, totally encapsulated monofilament yarns is disclosed. The yarns are coated prior to the weaving of the papermaker's fabric in order to impart anti-sticking characteristics to the papermaker's fabric. The coatings may be such that thickness of the machine direction yarns is different than the thickness of the cross-machine direction yarns.

Abstract: A forming fabric for use e.g. in the papermaking industry. The fabric comprises a first weave (1) including weft threads (4) and warp threads (3), and a second weave (2) which is interconnected with the first weave, said second weave comprising coarser weft threads (6), which interweave with warp threads (5) arranged in groups of at least two threads. The warp threads (5) of each group run in parallel with each other and weave alike with the weft threads (6) of the second weave (2).

Abstract: A conveyor belt such as a paper-making fabric, said belt being made of spirals (2, 3) assembled together by rods (5) or by imbrication. With a view to reducing the permeability or to changing the surface condition, it has a generally flat member (7) which is inserted inside the spirals (2, 3) so as to completely or partially fill the spaces between or inside the spirals.

Abstract: A dual layer forming fabric for use in papermaking, cellulose and similar machines having weave floats in the cross machine direction yarns on the machine side of the fabric that are under eleven machine direction yarns. The float bestows extra life potential to the fabric and gives extra protection to the machine direction yarn knuckles on the machine side of the fabric without any detrimental effect on the fine paper making surface of the fabric. The forming fabric of the present invention has a papermaking surface where the machine direction knuckles and the cross machine direction knuckles are close to, or are, coplanar.

Abstract: A wire former comprising a structural framework, a headbox for holding and dispensing the pulp slurry, a breast roll, a couch roll, a forming fabric belt extending endless between the breast roll and the couch roll in a straight run, and drainage elements and suction devices underlying said straight run for extracting liquid from the slurry. The forming fabric is a multi-ply fabric, the uppermost ply being a self-sustaining weave with monofilament warp yarns of a given diameter interwoven with shute yarns, the lowermost ply being a weave with a series of generally ovate warp yarns having a vertical dimension generally equal to the diameter of the warp yarns of the uppermost ply, interwoven with shute yarns. The ovate warp yarns have a horizontal width in the shute direction substantially greater than their vertical dimension. Binder shute yarns interconnect the upper and lower plies by being interwoven with the upper and lower plies so as to be contained within the body of the multi-ply fabric.

Abstract: A sheet forming fabric with reinforced margins is provided on its backing side with a fabric strip in the marginal regions. The fabric strip can have a double layer structure with transverse threads arranged at least partially in pairs one over the other and with longitudinal threads. The fabric strip has a pronounced longitudinal filament structure on the backing side and is fastened to the fabric by stitching. The sewing thread takes the place of a longitudinal thread of the fabric strip previously removed from or omitted during weaving of the fabric.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a low bulk pin-type seam for use with the flat woven fabric. The preferred fabric is woven with continuous or monofilament yarns in the machine direction. The seam is formed by interconnecting loops constructed from the machine direction warp yarns. In constructing the seam loops, a portion of the fabric is made free of cross machine direction yarns and the warp yarns are selected out as either a loop forming yarn or as binder yarns. The fabric is then folded back upon itself in hem like fashion with the selected yarns being retained as loop forming yarns and the binder yarns being drawn back through the hem portion of the fabric to bind the hem and body portion of the fabric. If desired, a stitch pattern may be added to further secure the hem area.

Abstract: A forming fabric is disclosed having crimped machine direction monofilament yarns alternating with uncrimped monofilament yarns. The fabric provides optimum stability and seam strength.

Abstract: A papermaking screen has a pair of ends secured together at a joint and formed of a plurality of longitudinal warp filaments having warp ends secured together at the joint and weft filaments transversely woven with the warp filaments. One end of each warp filament is formed with a short loop extending longitudinally a short distance past the weft filaments and the opposite end is formed with a long loop extending longitudinally a long distance past the weft filaments longitudinally in line with but longitudinally spaced from the respective short loop. A first portion of the warp filaments has its long loops projecting from one end of the belt and a second portion has its long loops projecting from the opposite end of the belt between the short loops of the first portion.

Abstract: In order to avoid marking by the supporting surfaces in an endless belt for paper machines or the like with a number of helices consisting of opposing winding legs and headcurves joining these flanks together and into whose intermediary spaces the headcurves of the neighboring helix are forced to a degree that there develops between the two helices a range of overlapping into which a rod is inserted and in order to create the possibility for regulating the flow of air through the wire belt, at least the paper web-supporting winding legs of the helices are glued with a layer of fiber segments. Additionally, in such an endless belt permeability may be controlled by providing fiber segments on the winding legs and/or on the side areas adjacent the loop flanks.

Abstract: A seam for joining the ends of a fabric to form an endless belt which can be used for papermaking, is created by attaching a continuous coil to each fabric end, the loops of the coils being preformed so that when the loops are intermeshed each loop of one coil engages or creates an interference fit, with two loops of the opposite coil. To strengthen the seam, a pin is inserted in the tube formed by the intermeshed loops.The loops are joined by using a tool which has two channels through which the ends are brought together. The channels are formed between two plates attached to the ends of scissor arms.

Abstract: A woven paper making fabric (A) is disclosed having a profiled permeability characteristic which varies across the width of the fabric yet the tensions are relatively uniform across the width of the fabric. The fabric includes a plurality of warp yarns (20, 22, 24, 26) extending in a machine direction and a plurality of weft yarns (28, 30, 32) extending in a cross-machine direction in the fabric woven with the warp yarns. The weft yarns and warp yarns are woven to provide at least two layers (60, 62, 64) in the fabric. A number of unwoven fabric closure elements (B) are bound between the weft yarns of two of the fabric layers (60, 62) extending in the machine direction adjacent the lateral edges (42, 44) of the fabric (A). The closure elements (B) extend through the fabric parallel to the edges in a generally straight configuration between the two fabric layers (60, 62) in a generally tensionless state so as not to effect the tension of the weave of the fabric.

Abstract: A two-face, double-layer forming fabric having a tight bottom weft geometry. The fabric, in general, comprises first and second pluralities of cross-machine direction yarns and a plurality of machine direction yarns interwoven in accordance with a desired weave pattern to define a top layer and a bottom layer. The top layer, which receives paper stock, is defined by the first plurality of cross-machine direction yarns. The bottom layer, which contacts machine rolls, is defined by the second plurality of cross-machine direction yarns. The second plurality of yarns are heat shrinkable.In one embodiment of the fabric, all machine direction yarns are woven in an 8-shaft weave to provide a 1/3 twill on the top layer and a 1/7 twill on the bottom layer. The cross-machine direction floats formed by this weave pattern are flattened during heat treatment of the fabric because of shrinkage of the bottom layer cross-machine direction yarns.

Abstract: A forming fabric for use in a papermaking machine has two warp layers and three weft layers. The three weft layers are arranged as an uppermost weft layer adapted to define a paper-web supporting surface of the fabric during use, an intermediate weft layer arranged below the uppermost weft layer, and a lowermost weft layer arranged below the intermediate weft layer to define the under-side (i.e. wear-side) of the fabric during use. The two warp layers are arranged as an upper warp layer, the warp threads of which are interwoven only with the uppermost weft layer and with the intermediate weft layer, and a lower warp layer, the warp threads of which are interwoven only with the intermediate weft layer and with the lowermost weft layer. The warp threads of the upper warp layer are exposed on the paper-web supporting surface but are not exposed on the wear-side of the fabric.

Abstract: Paper machine clothing comprising interwoven machine direction and cross-machine direction yarns are provided, wherein the machine direction yarns are monofilaments having a cross-sectional configuration such that the center is thinner than the lateral edges. The woven fabrics, after heat-setting, exhibit exceptional dimensional stability in the diagonal direction.

Abstract: A woven dryer fabric A having a low fabric permeability characteristic is disclosed having multiple layers in which an intermediate layer includes cabled multi-filament weft elements (B) consisting of low-melt monofilament strands twisted together which are melted in the fabric to effect closure of the fabric mesh. In the weaving process, the cabled multi-filament weft elements have a softer texture which renders them more flexible and allows a more dense mesh count to provide for greater pre-melt void coverage. After melt, the multi-filaments become fused and flow into the void areas of the shed for more complete void coverage.

Abstract: There is described a cloth for draining and drying paper webs, comprising a fabric formed by warp threads and weft threads.Said cloth further comprises a top layer of interlaced lengthwise strips and weft threads, at least one upper weft thread part passing underneath one or a plurality of lengthwise strips, being connected to the fabric by at least one warp thread thereof, which has been passed between said upper weft thread part and the lengthwise strip or strips.

Abstract: A forming fabric for use e.g. in the papermaking industry. The fabric comprises a first weave (1) including weft threads (4) and warp threads (3), and a second weave (2) which is interconnected with the first weave, said second weave comprising coarser weft threads (6), which interweave with warp threads (5) arranged in groups of at least two threads. The warp threads (5) of each group run in parallel with each other and weave alike with the weft threads (6) of the second weave (2).

Abstract: An endless sieve band or composite band for paper machines and the like, has a plurality of helixes composed of an elastic wire and each having two opposite winding legs and also two head curves connecting the winding legs with one another and having a predetermined wire diameter and wire width, wherein the helixes are arranged so that when the head curve of one of two neighboring helixes is inserted into an intermediate space of another of the two neighboring helixes an overlapping region is formed into which an insertion wire is introduced, and the winding legs of each of the helixes include a supporting winding leg which has flat supporting sufaces with a width exceeding the wire diameter or the wire width of the head curves.

Abstract: A forming fabric consisting of synthetic yarns and intended for use in papermaking, cellulose and similar machines. The fabric comprises two layers, a top layer comprising fine yarns and forming the forming layer proper, and a bottom layer, the wear layer, comprising coarser yarns. The two layers are interconnected by interconnecting yarns which are arranged in pairs in such a manner that in the top layer they replace one another to form a regular pattern, preferably a two-shaft weave pattern, a twill weave pattern or a satin weave pattern.

Abstract: A felt for use in the press section of papermaking machines. The felt consists of a woven base preferably of two layers of threads extending in the machine direction of the felt and cross-machine direction threads interconnect the machine-direction threads, the woven base having a batt needed onto at least one of its faces. The felt is manufactured to be installed in flat form but after its installation in the machine its ends are joined together to form an endless cloth with the aid of a seam known per se. A flap of the batt or batts is arranged to cover the seam area. The invention also concerns a method of manufacturing and installing the felt in the press section of papermaking machines.

Abstract: A papermachine clothing comprising a fabric whose weave pattern does not have an axis of symmetry in the length direction, and which has in at least a portion of one fabric half a weave mirror-symmetrical to that in at least a portion of the second fabric half and wherein, along the line of contact of the mirror-symmetrical regions, corrective longitudinal wires are interwoven to prevent excessively long floats of the transverse wires on the running side.

Abstract: A clothing for use in a papermaking machine wherein the fabric includes two or more fabric layers, each layer comprised of woven structural longitudinal and transverse threads and each interconnected by additional transverse binder threads, and wherein at least the structural transverse threads of the lower fabric layer jointly interwoven with the transverse binder threads are arranged in pairs or as twin threads.

Abstract: An industrial fabric, and particularly a papermakers dryer fabric, is proposed wherein the permeability thereof is reduced by the inclusion of a continuous layer of an elastomeric open-cell foam therein which extends to and is contiguous with at least one surface of the base structure, the base structure comprising a link belt or a woven or knitted fabric.

Abstract: A non-woven helical dryer belt is illustrated having a desired permeability profile which includes lateral zones 42 and 44 of reduced permeability and a medial zone 46 of increased permeability. The helical drive belt is made by joining a number of helix strips (20) together lengthwise and having the helix strips extend crosswise the fabric. A base monofilament element (40) extends across the entire width of the drive belt to impart a base permeability characteristic to the fabric. At opposing lateral edges of the fabric, an edge filler strip is inserted which reduces the permeability of the fabric in the lateral zones (42, 44). The height of the base and edge monofilament elements is made such that they do not overlap one another and are maintained in their side by side arrangement in the lateral zones of reduced permeability.

Abstract: The use of a spiral seam construction to join together the ends of a flat woven papermaker's felt having flat monofilament lengthwise yarns of a synthetic, polymeric resin improves the resistance of the seam to flex fatigue.

Abstract: A composite fabric for use as a clothing in paper-making machines comprising a plurality of interconnected fabric layers, each fabric layer having interwoven longitudinal wires and transverse wires and the fabric layers being interconnected in that at least part of the transverse wires of one or both of two adjacent fabric layers are interwoven with the longitudinal wires of the other fabric layer, the interweaving of the transverse wires of the one fabric layer with the longitudinal wires of the other fabric layer being such that the course of the transverse wires of the one layer and the other layer are interchanged.

Abstract: The disclosure is of paper machine clothing which includes a means of chemically treating the fabric of the clothing.

Abstract: A conveyor belt such as a paper-making fabric, said belt being made of spirals (2, 3) assembled together by rods (5) or by imbrication. With a view to reducing the permeability or to changing the surface condition, it has a generally flat member bearing holes or notches (7) which is inserted inside the spirals (2, 3) so as to completely or partially fill the spaces between or inside the spirals.

Abstract: A double-layer woven fabric comprising longitudinally extending warp wires and two layers of transversely extending weft wires, at least part of the warp wires being interwoven with weft wires of both weft layers and warp wires, separated by not more than one intermediate warp wire, extending pair-wise in parallel at least over part of their length on the paper side and/or on the running side of the fabric.

Abstract: A paper web forming screen includes two screen fabric plies made of longitudinal and traverse filamentary elements. The upper ply is made of longitudinal and traverse mono- or multi- or staple-filaments whereas a part of longitudinal and/or traverse filamentary elements in the lower ply is made of mono- or multi- or staple-filaments and other parts of non-twisted bundles of component filaments. A component filament in respective bundles is passed at different tie points over traverse mono- or multi- or staple-filaments in the upper ply to replace a longitudinal mono- or multi- or staple-filament in the upper ply. The latter mono- or multi- or staple-filament is passed either below the traverse mono- or multi- or staple-filaments in the tie points or below traverse filaments in the lower ply. The component filaments in the bundles are of the same thickness as the longitudinal and traverse mono- or multi- or staple-filaments in the upper ply.