Abstract: A papermaking fabric of the multilayer type having threads of a multiple layer thread system extending in one fabric direction and threads of a single layer thread system extending in the other fabric direction which are interwoven with the threads of each of the multiple layers. The threads of the single layer thread system are spaced apart from one another, and threads of the several layers are tiered above one another with spacing between tiers, so that the fabric has a significant projected open area that allows spray water to penetrate the fabric. The fabric may also have an increased void volume in its interior and binding points between thread systems that are well spaced from one another to enhance the papermaking qualities of the fabric.

Abstract: The disclosure is of a composite papermakers felt made up of a textile base layer, an intermediate layer of polymeric resin foam particles and a covering layer of non-woven staple fibers. The felt is useful in the wet press section of a papermaking machine. The disclosure is also of a method of manufacturing the felt of the invention.

Abstract: An improved papermaker's fabric comprising warp and filling yarns woven in a preselected conventional unbalanced weave pattern modified such that every other warp yarn occupies a position with respect to the filling yarns opposite to that which it would normally occupy according to the above mentioned preselected conventional unbalanced weave pattern.

Abstract: A papermaker's wet felt having improved structural stability and void volume is disclosed. The fabric is at least three ply in construction and is constructed without binder yarns or adhesives.

Abstract: A low permeability dryer fabric woven from monofilament plastic polymeric warp strands and weft strands in which at least some of the weft strands exhibit preferential softening under the influence of heat, said strands adapting to conform to mesh interstices and thereby restrict the passage of air through the fabric.

Abstract: A double layer endless woven forming fabric having a sheet surface fabric structure comprising relatively fine warp and filling yarns exhibiting substantially uniform crimp in both directions, and a relatively coarse wear side fabric structure having woven warp and filling yarns exhibiting crimp predominately in the warp yarns, the layers being joined by interlacing the warp yarns of the wear surface fabric structure with the filling yarns of the sheet surface fabric structure.

Abstract: A clipper seam for use with a pintle or lacing unit to join adjacent ends of a papermakers belt or the like. The clipper seam comprises two seam webbings, each of which is woven as a one-piece unit to form a pocket for receiving one of the ends of the papermakers belt. As woven, the pocket is defined by first and second flaps, each of the flaps having an inner surface and an outer surface, the inner surfaces being in a spaced relationship to define the pocket, which is adapted to receive one of the ends of the papermakers belt. Each of the outer surfaces define a stepped, tapered construction. A tongue portion also forms part of the seam webbing. Recessed margins are provided on both the top and bottom surfaces of the tongue, near the distal end or selvage of the tongue. A plurality of clipper hooks adapted to receive one or more pintles are secured to the tongue within the recessed margin.

Abstract: A dryer felt having a soft, bulky top surface and comprising at least a top surface, which is defined by a plurality of machine direction yarns and a plurality of cross machine direction yarns interwoven according to a desired weave pattern. A preselected number of the yarns of the top surface are encapsulated yarns, the number being chosen to ensure that a major portion of the top surface is soft and bulky. Each of the encapsulated yarns comprises a straight, twistless monofilament core and a close-fitting encapsulating sheath surrounding the full length of the core.

Abstract: A paper forming fabric having two layers of synthetic weft strands with interwoven synthetic warp strands and approximately 100% warp fill. The upper layer of the fabric comprises a regular array of mesh openings in which the distance between consecutive openings measured in the weft direction is never greater than the thickness of a single warp strand and measured in the warp direction is never greater than the thickness of a single weft strand.

Abstract: A novel low bulk seam is disclosed for use in paper making machine fabrics, such as dryer felts. The seam is particularly adapted for use with multi-filament yarns which comprise multi-ply fabrics. A novel method for producing this seam is disclosed which comprises the insertion and adhesion of a seaming coil, the removal of picks in adjacent fabric areas, the folding and overlapping of such areas, the creation of a warp fringe, and the pulling of portions of that fringe into and through portions of the fabric body fasteners to create a stitchless seam providing substantially uniform thickness and air permeability across the full fabric width. A durable, reliable, non-marking seam is accordingly provided for use with spun, mono-filament and/or multi-filament fabrics.

Abstract: A multiple-layer spliced drainage sieve belt for use in paper pulp drying, in which the ends of respective layers of sieve fabric are spliced together separately, the seams being staggered along the length of the belt. Various types of seams may be utilized, among them a woven seam which does not differ from the other portions of the sieve belt.

Abstract: A dryer felt comprising a plurality of machine direction and cross machine direction yarns interwoven to provide a multiple-plane fabric having at least a base plane, a top plane and an intermediate plane positioned between the base plane and the top plane. The base plane is defined by a first plurality of cross machine direction yarns, the top plane is defined by a second plurality of the cross machine direction yarns, and the intermediate plane is defined by a third plurality of the cross machine direction yarns. In one embodiment, encapsulated stuffer yarns constituted the third plurality of the cross machine direction yarns. In another embodiment, encapsulated filling yarns constitute the third plurality of the cross machine direction yarns. In all embodiments, each of the encapsulated yarns comprises a straight, twistless monofilament core and a close-fitting encapsulating sheath surrounding the full length of the core.

Abstract: An improved dryer fabric, woven entirely from monofilament plastic polymeric warp and weft strands, having a lower permeability to air flow and lower modulus of elasticity than normal fabrics, wherein at least the warp strands are flattened in cross-section, with the long axis of the flattened section extending parallel to the plane of the fabric and wherein the weft strands may be shaped so as to more or less conform to the horizontally directed passages of the mesh naturally formed by the woven warp strands and may also be relatively more malleable than the warp strands so that under stress they can adapt to conform to the shape of mesh interstices thereby to restrict these and still further reduce the permeability.

Abstract: The warp and/or the weft of a woven papermakers fabric is made from a combination of polyester monofilament yarns and separate yarns of a different material preferably a more wear-resistant material so that the polyester yarns give adequate dimensional stability while the other yarns impart a different property, preferably, improved wear resistance.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of providing a row of loops at each end of a forming fabric, filter cloth or similar weave of a kind comprising two layers of weft threads with the threads positioned in pairs substantially one on top of the other, and warp threads interconnecting the weft layers, said rows of loops intended to be interconnected by a locking wire to form an endless fabric web.

Abstract: A two-face, single-layer forming fabric, having a plurality of dominating floats on each face. The fabric, in general, comprises a plurality of cross-machine direction yarns and a plurality of machine direction yarns interwoven in accordance with a desired weave pattern to define a first substantially planar surface or face on one side of the fabric, and a second substantially planar surface or face on the other side of the fabric.In one embodiment of the fabric, all alternate cross-machine direction yarns form alternating first floats and first knuckles, the first floats being on the first surface and the first knuckles being on the second surface. All of the remaining cross-machine direction yarns form alternating second floats and second knuckles, the second floats being on the second surface and the second knuckles being on the first surface.

Abstract: A dryer felt comprising a multiple-plane fabric having at least a base plane, a top plane and an intermediate plane positioned between the base plane and the top plane. The base plane is defined by a first plurality of cross machine direction yarns; the top plane is defined by a second plurality of cross machine direction yarns; and the intermediate plane is defined by a third plurality of cross machine direction yarns. In one embodiment encapsulated stuffer yarns constitute the third plurality of cross machine direction yarns. In another embodiment, encapsulated filling yarns constitute the third plurality of cross machine direction yarns.

Abstract: The ends of the web are provided with curved connecting members which are formed by longitudinal filaments which are of greater cross-section than the remaining filaments of the web. These larger sized longitudinal filaments are inserted into the end portions of the web ends in place of the usual longitudinal filaments. The overlapping portions of the layers of the fabric web are provided with zones free of transverse filaments and the layers are secured together in the zones by a manually inserted transverse filament.

Abstract: A coating composition for producing coated glass fiber strands and the coated glass fiber strands are provided, where the coated strands have good knot tensile strength and improved processability. The coating composition has a carboxylated elastomeric latex, an elastomeric plasticizer, a hydrophilic/lipophilic agent, an antioxidant, wax emulsion, anti-foaming agent, tertiary amine, polyhydroxylated glycol, and a pH in the range of about 8.7 to about 9.5. The coated glass fiber strand has the aforementioned coating in an amount of about 10 to about 20 (LOI) loss on ignition.

Abstract: A dryer felt having a soft, bulky top surface and comprising at least a top surface, which is defined by a plurality of machine direction yarns and a plurality of cross machine direction yarns interwoven according to a desired weave pattern. A preselected number of the yarns of the top surface are encapsulated yarns, the number being chosen to ensure that a major portion of the top surface is soft and bulky.

Abstract: A papermaking fabric composed of a base having a fibrous batt needled to one surface thereof, the base being formed of interwoven core wrapped yarns, comprising core yarns which are effectively heat infusible and wrapping yarns which are effectively heat fusible, the fibrous batt being either heat fusible or heat infusible, the wrapping yarns of the interwoven base being heat fused to each other at their points of contact with each other on the side of the interwoven base opposite the fibrous batt.

Abstract: A dryer fabric impregnated with metallic particles so as to increase the thermal conductivity of the fabric and also reduce its emissivity. The dryer fabric is a woven fabric having a plurality of interstices between its warp and weft yarns. By coating the fabric with a synthetic resin mixture containing metallic particles, such as aluminum particles, the interstices are substantially filled with metallic particles thereby improving the thermal properties of the fabric.

Abstract: Paper-making belts of hollow monofilaments of polyester, polyamide, or polycarbonamide.

Abstract: A multi-layer papermarker's fabric is proposed wherein a helical coil is engaged individually with each of the plies of the fabric to define side-by-side loops protruding from the fabric end for interdigitation with corresponding loops at an opposed fabric end to receive a pintle wire, the arrangement being such that, in use, one ply of the fabric protects the helical coil and its connection with another ply of the fabric against wear and damage.

Abstract: Papermachine clothing, for instance, a loop of imprinting fabric, is disclosed which is so woven that a top-surface-plane thereof is defined by coplanar crossovers of filaments of at least two sets of filaments (i.e., warp and shute filaments) and so that sub-top-surface crossovers are distributed in a predetermined pattern throughout the clothing. Specific weaves are disclosed wherein the top-surface crossovers act corporately to define a top surface comprising a bilaterally staggered array of wicker-basket-like cavities which cavities each span at least one sub-top-surface crossover. Such clothing is particularly useful for making soft, absorbent paper of relatively low density, and relatively isotropic stretch properties when creped.

Abstract: A Fourdrinier or forming fabric in which a plurality of warp yarns and a first plurality of weft yarns are woven according to a first weave pattern containing a predetermined sequence of shedding and picking instructions, and the plurality of warp yarns and a second plurality of weft yarns are woven according to a second weave pattern containing a predetermined sequence of shedding and picking instructions, the first pattern being different from the second pattern.

Abstract: The disclosure is of a fabric adapted as clothing for a papermaking machine. The fabric, which may be made endless, is useful to make dryer felts, wet felts and forming wires. The fabric of the invention comprises a plurality of crosswise yarns disposed in a plurality of separate layers, each layer being on a plane parallel to the crosswise plane of the fabric. A plurality of lengthwise yarns is interwoven with the crosswise yarns and binds the layers of crosswise yarns together to form a multilayer fabric. Structurally, the crosswise yarns in a given layer are separated from the adjacent crosswise yarns in adjacent layers at points along their length by void spaces within the body of the woven fabric. A synthetic, polymeric, thermoplastic resin foam fills, at least partially, the void spaces to control the void volume in the fabric of the invention.

Abstract: A method of providing a row of loops at each end of a forming fabric or a similar fabric, comprising two layers of weft threads, warp threads interconnecting the weft layers, and a locking wire intended to interconnect said rows of loops to form an endless fabric web. The weft threads in a first zone closest to one end edge of the fabric are permanently removed, whereafter the weft threads in an adjacent second zone are temporarily removed and the temporarily removed, or alternatively a corresponding number of weft threads, as well as one or several thin folding wires and one coarse folding wire are arranged as a warp in a loom-like sewing machine known per se, wherein said coarse wire temporarily replaces the locking wire intended finally to interconnect the two fabric end edges.

Abstract: A dryer felt comprising a plurality of warp yarns and a plurality of weft yarns interwoven according to a selected weave pattern. A characteristic of the dryer felt being that at least one of the yarns comprises a core fiber made from a synthetic monofilament, a synthetic multifilament, or a synthetic fiber, a first sheath formed by wrapping a first high temperature resistant aramid fiber around the core fiber in a first direction, a second sheath formed by wrapping a second high temperature resistant aramid fiber around the first sheath in a direction different from the first direction, and a covering formed by coating the second sheath with a high temperature resistant resin.

Abstract: A papermakers' felt for the press or dewatering section of a papermaking machine is formed with an inner woven fabric and with a plurality of longitudinally extending, transversely spaced heavy yarns or strands which are supported on the bottom surface of the fabric by a relatively light cross-machine yarn or binder pick which interconnects the heavy strands with the warp yarns of the fabric. A batting of non-woven material is needled primarily into the upper surface of the inner fabric to form the top of the felt. The underlying strands define therebetween relatively open, longitudinally extending spaces or channels into which the water from the web of paper can flow. Some fibers of the batting intermingle and interlock with the strands to provide additional stability to the felt.

Abstract: The disclosure is of a seam construction for joining the ends of woven papermakers felt or dryer felts, wet felts forming fabrics characterized in part by a first system of lengthwise yarns in one layer and a second system of lengthwise yarns positioned above the first system. The seam comprises looped ends of the lengthwise yarns projecting from the respective ends of the fabric, and positioned to interleaf with the opposite end loops. Pins are placed through the interleafed loops so as to provide joinder in the two systems, respectively, of the felt or fabric.

Abstract: A fabric, adapted for use in a belt of a papermaking machine, is formed of interwoven machine direction warp and cross-machine direction shute type strands, at least the shute strands being woven in a repetitive pattern of passing over at least three adjacent warp strands and then passing under at least two adjacent warp strands so as to form a 3/2 type weave pattern.

Abstract: In order to reduce the rate of wear of a papermakers fabric having a loop seam, especially in the region of such loop seam, a protective facing of additional cross-machine direction yarns is provided at the intended roller side of the fabric. The additional yarns are woven integrally with the fabric and are arranged to float at the face of the fabric, and define a surface to the fabric as a whole which is displaced outwardly of the fabric in relation to the surface of the basic weave structure.

Abstract: A paperforming fabric of synthetic, monofilament threads is shown as woven in five, or a greater number of harnesses, the warp and weft threads of which it is comprised being interwoven in a non-regular twill pattern with the threads of each thread system interlaced through the fabric to have sufficient crossovers on each fabric face to produce an even sided fabric.

Abstract: Improved paper forming and tissue transfer fabrics having enhanced stability and stretch resistance as well as improved bicrimp configuration, the fabrics being characterized by the alternate use of very high modulus and very low modulus yarns in the machine direction of the fabrics, the alternate very high and very low modulus yarns being woven using either pick and pick or two picks in a shed weaving techniques, the very high modulus yarns having an initial (1%) modulus greater than 2.0 gpd and the very low modulus yarns having an initial (1%) modulus of 0.2 to 0.8 gpd.

Abstract: Connector components for flexibly connecting and/or disconnecting parts herein specifically illustrated as connecting the ends of paper makers felts comprising spaced panels of concatenated crossing textile elements wherein the panels are connected at regularly spaced intervals longitudinally of the component by elements extending transversely of the panels across the gap therebetween, said components being foldable at the gap to provide substantially U-shaped loops such that the loops of two such folded components may be interengaged to receive a pintle element and said panels being adapted to be fixed to the parts to be flexibly connected.

Abstract: The disclosure is of a multi-layer, flat woven, composite fabric having a duplex weave base of synthetic, polymeric resin monofilaments and a soft surface of multi-filament or spun yarns. The fabric is useful as a conventional dryer felt and may also be used as a hot air impingement dryer felt. The fabric is especially advantageous for dryer felts employed for the manufacture of fragile papers.

Abstract: The disclosure is of a seam construction for joining the ends of woven forming wire wet felts and dryer felt materials. The forming wires wet felts, and dryer felts are used on papermaking machines in the manufacture of paper, paperboard and the like. The seam comprises a plurality of metal and/or plastic eyepins, having body crimps adapted to permit interweaving of the pins with the crosswise yarns of the forming wire wet felt or dryer felt material ends. The pins are so interwoven and are spaced to interleaf with the pins of the opposite end. A seam pin is threaded through the eyes of the eyepins to join the ends of the forming wire, wet felt or dryer felt material together.

Abstract: A papermaking felt having interwoven warp and filling yarns on its face side and bulky rib forming yarns on its machine side, the rib forming yarns lying in spaced apart relation to define water conveying channels therebetween, there being a batt surface on the face side of the fabric needled through the warp and filling yarns and into the rib forming yarns, the rib forming yarns being impregnated following needling with a resin which renders them essentially incompressible, the rib forming yarns being initially attached to the warp yarns by holding yarns which may be removed prior to the application of the resin or retained as a permanent part of the felt.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel felt construction for use in the press section of the papermaking machine. More particularly, this invention has to do with a papermakers' felt having a paper-sheet-contacting layer comprised of substantially flat fibers joined by any suitable means to either a woven or nonwoven intermediate batt layer and/or base layer.

Abstract: This invention relates to conveyor belt-like papermakers' fabrics for use in papermaking machines which comprise non-porous cables comprised of a plurality of yarns. Each yarn comprises at least two twisted monofilaments which are substantially circular in cross-sectional configuration.

Abstract: A woven seam webbing is illustrated for receiving pintle means for joining dryer felts or any other endless belts of the type which are joined by passing a pintle means through loops which are carried by respective ends of the belting and intermeshed. The loops comprise monofilament filling yarns which are carried adjacent an edge of the webbing being spaced so as to be intermeshed with loops carried by a similar webbing positioned at an opposite end of a dryer felt and the like.

Abstract: A woven fabric and a method of forming a seam therein comprising a woven fabric as used for supporting a paper web on a paper making machine. The fabric has interwoven weft and warp strands with the strands in the machine direction being flexible strands incapable of retaining a stable crimp. The improvement in the fabric comprises a plurality of spaced apart replacement monofilament strands having stable crimp characteristics extending in the machine direction and in a seam area for interconnecting opposed ends of the fabric to form an endless belt having a seam which is substantially flat. The replacement strands have crimps of the same configuration as crimps in the machine direction strands of the fabric.

Abstract: Generally, this invention relates to papermakers' belts for use in papermaking machines which comprise ultra high modulus load bearing yarn comprised of poly(para-phenylene terephthalamide).

Abstract: Loops are created at the ends of a woven papermaking machine forming fabric by a method which comprises removing weft yarns from the end of the fabric to give a weft-free zone, shortening selected ones of the warp yarns in the region of the weft-free zone, folding back the uncut warp yarns into register with respective ones of the shortened warp ends to form loops spaced transversely of the fabric, and introducing weft yarns into the resultant weftless end of the forming fabric, the crimp pattern of the individual uncut warp ends being such that when the ends are folded back the overall crimp pattern of the warp yarns in the weftless end of the forming fabric is compatible with that of the body of the forming fabric.

Abstract: A pintle wire for high load hinge connections, especially for textile webs and transmission belts, and method of making same, according to which endless synthetic fibers are braided individually or in strands and are embedded in high wear resistant and hydrolysis resistant heat hardenable material and interconnected thereby.

Abstract: A fabric connector seam in which woven complementary seam-halves joined by a pintle are provided and in which each seam-half comprises a single and a double layer zone mechanically bound by the nature of the weave and in which the crosswise yarns of each seam-half form alternately displaced loops on one edge thereof which can be intermeshed with like loops formed on the edge of the remaining seam-half.

Abstract: A dimensionally stable warp knitted paper maker's felt includes a plurality of interlocked yarns having a weight per unit length equivalent to at least 500 denier. Laid-in yarns and/or resin may be used to impart the desired stability to the felt.