Amorphous, I.e., Glassy Patents (Class 148/403)
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Patent number: 5786103Abstract: A soft magnetic film having a high saturation magnetic flux density and superior soft magnetic properties and capable of maintaining superior soft magnetic properties when worked to a magnetic head. The magnetic film is represented by the general formula of Fe.sub.x M.sub.y L.sub.z J.sub.u Q.sub.w, wherein M denotes at least one selected from the group of Ru, Cr, Ti, Mo, W and Rh, L denotes at least one selected from the group of Y, Hf, Zr, Ta and Nb, J denotes at least one of Al and Ga, Q denotes at least one of Si and Ge and x, y, z, u and w denote the proportions of respective atoms in atom %, and wherein the composition is given by 68.ltoreq.x<80, 3.ltoreq.y<12, 3<z<5, 0.ltoreq.u<10 and 10<w<25. The soft magnetic film is formed on non-magnetic or magnetic ceramics and worked into a magnetic head.Type: GrantFiled: June 26, 1996Date of Patent: July 28, 1998Assignee: Sony CorporationInventors: Hiroyuki Ohmori, Mitsuharu Shouji, Tetsuya Yamamoto, Yasunari Sugiyama
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Patent number: 5772803Abstract: A torsionally reacting spring, such as a helical spring, a torsion bar, or a torsion tube, requires the ability to torsionally deform elastically during service and return to its original, undeformed shape. The torsionally reacting spring is made of a bulk-deforming amorphous alloy which may be cooled from the melt at a cooling rate of less than about 500.degree. C. per second, yet retain an amorphous structure. A preferred bulk-solidifying amorphous alloy has a composition, in atomic percent, of from about 45 to about 67 percent total of zirconium plus titanium, from about 10 to about 35 percent beryllium, and from about 10 to about 38 percent total of copper plus nickel, plus incidental impurities, the total of the percentages being 100 atomic percent.Type: GrantFiled: August 26, 1996Date of Patent: June 30, 1998Assignee: Amorphous Technologies InternationalInventors: Atakan Peker, William L. Johnson, David M. Scruggs
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Patent number: 5759300Abstract: Alloy foils for liquid-phase diffusion bonding of heat-resisting metals in an oxidizing atmosphere comprise 6.0 to 15.0 percent silicon, 0.1 to 2.0 percent manganese, 0.50 to 30.0 percent chromium, 0.10 to 5.0 percent molybdenum, 0.50 to 10.0 percent vanadium, 0.02 to 1.0 percent niobium, 0.10 to 5.0 percent tungsten, 0.01 to 0.5 percent nitrogen, 0.10 to 5.0 percent boron, plus 0.005 to 1.0 percent carbon, and/or either or both of 0.01 to 5.0 percent titanium and 0.01 to 5.0 percent zirconium, all by mass, with the balance comprising nickel and impurities, and have a thickness of 3.0 to 300 .mu.m. Alloy foils for liquid-phase diffusion bonding of heat-resisting metals in an oxidizing atmosphere are also available with substantially vitreous structures.Type: GrantFiled: September 27, 1996Date of Patent: June 2, 1998Assignee: Nippon Steel CorporationInventors: Yasushi Hasegawa, Hisashi Naoi, Yuuichi Satoh, Hiroshi Ukeba
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Patent number: 5738733Abstract: The present invention provides a ferrous metal glassy alloy having temperature interval .DELTA.Tx of supercooled liquid as expressed by the following formula:.DELTA.Tx=Tx-Tg(where, Tx is an onset temperature of crystallization, and Tg is a glass transition temperature) of at least 40 K, which realizes magnetic properties as a bulky alloy.Type: GrantFiled: May 31, 1996Date of Patent: April 14, 1998Assignee: Research Development Corporation of JapanInventor: Akihisa Inoue
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Patent number: 5735975Abstract: At least quinary alloys form metallic glass upon cooling below the glass transition temperature at a rate less than 10.sup.3 K/s. Such alloys comprise zirconium and/or hafnium in the range of 45 to 65 atomic percent, titanium and/or niobium in the range of 4 to 7.5 atomic percent, and aluminum and/or zinc in the range of 5 to 15 atomic percent. The balance of the alloy compositions comprise copper, iron, and cobalt and/or nickel. The composition is constrained such that the atomic percentage of iron is less than 10 percent. Further, the ratio of copper to nickel and/or cobalt is in the range of from 1:2 to 2:1. The alloy composition formula is:(Zr,Hf).sub.a (Al,Zn).sub.b (Ti,Nb).sub.c (Cu.sub.x Fe.sub.y (Ni,Co).sub.z).sub.dwherein the constraints upon the formula are: a ranges from 45 to 65 atomic percent, b ranges from 5 to 15 atomic percent, c ranges from 4 to 7.5 atomic percent, d comprises the balance, d.multidot.y is less than 10 atomic percent, and x/z ranges from 0.5 to 2.Type: GrantFiled: February 21, 1996Date of Patent: April 7, 1998Assignee: California Institute of TechnologyInventors: Xianghong Lin, William L. Johnson
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Patent number: 5718777Abstract: An amorphous alloy which is resistant to hot corrosion in sulfidizing and oxidizing atmospheres at high temperatures, consisting of at least one element selected from the group of Al and Cr and at least one element selected from the refractory metals Mo, W, Nb, and Ta, a portion of the set forth refractory metals being allowed to be substituted with at least one element selected from Fe, Co, Ni and Cu. The addition of Si further improves the alloy's oxidation resistance.Type: GrantFiled: July 23, 1996Date of Patent: February 17, 1998Assignees: Koji Hashimoto, YKK CorporationInventors: Koji Hashimoto, Hiroki Habazaki, Stanislaw Mrowec, Marek Danielewski
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Patent number: 5683822Abstract: Alloy foils for liquid-phase diffusion bonding of heat-resisting metals in an oxidizing atmosphere comprise 6.0 to 15.0 percent silicon, 0.1 to 2.0 percent manganese, 0.50 to 30.0 percent chromium, 0.10 to 5.0 percent molybdenum, 0.50 to 10.0 percent vanadium, 0.02 to 1.0 percent niobium, 0.10 to 5.0 percent tungsten, 0.05 to 2.0 percent nitrogen, 0.50 to 20.0 percent phosphorus, plus 0.005 to 1.0 percent carbon, and/or either or both of 0.01 to 5.0 percent titanium and 0.01 to 5.0 percent zirconium, all by mass, with the balance comprising nickel and impurities, and have a thickness of 3.0 to 300 .mu.m. Alloy foils for liquid-phase diffusion bonding of heat-resisting metals in an oxidizing atmosphere are also available with substantially vitreous structures.Type: GrantFiled: September 27, 1996Date of Patent: November 4, 1997Assignee: Nippon Steel CorporationInventors: Yasushi Hasegawa, Hisashi Naoi, Yuuichi Satoh, Hiroshi Ukeba
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Patent number: 5647921Abstract: A process for producing an amorphous alloy ribbon by the single roll method is disclosed, which comprises injecting through a slot disposed at a nozzle tip a molten alloy having the composition represented by the general formula:(Fe.sub.1-a M.sub.a).sub.100-x-y-z-b Cu.sub.x Si.sub.y B.sub.z M'.sub.bwherein M is Co and/or Ni, M' is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Nb, Mo, W and Ta, and a, x, y, z and b satisfy the relationships: 0.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.0.1, 0.5.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.2 (atomic %), 5.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.20 (atomic %), 5.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.11 (atomic %), 14.ltoreq.y+z.ltoreq.25 (atomic %) and 2.ltoreq.b.ltoreq.5 (atomic %), provided that the ratio of y to z (y/z) is in the range of 0.5.ltoreq.y/z.ltoreq.3, onto a cooling wheel comprising a Cu alloy containing Be in an amount of 0.05 to 3.0% by weight. This process is advantageous in that the position of peel of the amorphous alloy ribbon formed on the cooling wheel can be controlled.Type: GrantFiled: April 23, 1996Date of Patent: July 15, 1997Assignee: Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd.Inventors: Kenji Odagawa, Hiroshi Watanabe
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Patent number: 5643531Abstract: Disclosed is a manufacture and coating method of mechanical products using ferrous alloy in order to improve wear, corrosion, and heat resistances of the mechanical products which are exposed to friction and wear environments with or without lubricating conditions. The mechanical products of the invention include rotation contact parts such as bush and shaft in the inside of caterpillar roller, mechanical seal under high surface pressure, and drawing dice and plug under sliding friction stress. A ferrous alloy composition used for coating in the invention comprises Cr:18.0-42.0 wt %, Mn: 1.0-3.2 wt %, B:3.0-4.5 wt %, Si: 1.0-3.0 wt %, C: less than 0.3 wt %, inevitably incorporated impurities, and Fe for the rest of content. A ferrous alloy composition used for manufacturing bush type product comprises C: less than 4.5%, Si:2.5%, Mn:less than 2%, Cr:0.5-35%, and Fe for the rest of content.Type: GrantFiled: November 16, 1994Date of Patent: July 1, 1997Assignee: Samsung Heavy Industry Co., Ltd.Inventors: Kang-Hyung Kim, Maeng-Roh Park, Seung-Ho Yang, Yong-Kwon Chi
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Patent number: 5641421Abstract: An electrical heating system uses heating elements made of ribbons of amorphous metallic alloys. The heating elements have a large area using long and wide ribbons, to achieve good heat transfer to the surroundings, that is low thermal resistance. The area of the heating elements and thus the thermal resistance is determined according to the desired thermal power, under the constraint of a low operating temperature, that is a temperature well below the embrittlement temperature of the amorphous alloy used in the heating elements. The operating temperature is preferably kept low enough so as not to generate benzopyrene or other unhealthy or ecologically unfavorable fumes or gases. The thin ribbons with low thermal resistance also have a fast heating constant, that is the heater reaches its steady state temperature in a short time. The electrical heating system uses low cost insulation and support materials, that is materials intended for use at low temperatures only.Type: GrantFiled: September 10, 1996Date of Patent: June 24, 1997Inventors: Vladimir Manov, Eliezer Adar, Mark Geller, Evgeni Sorkine, Iosef Margolin
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Patent number: 5634989Abstract: A corrosion-resistant amorphous alloy containing Ta in an amount of from 10 to 40 atomic % and Mo, Cr, W, P, B and/or Si is disclosed.This alloy can be prepared by rapidly cooling and solidifying molten alloy, shows a satisfactory corrosion resistance in high-temperature concentrated phosphoric acid, and is adapted to be used as a plant structural material or a separator for a fuel cell.Type: GrantFiled: July 15, 1992Date of Patent: June 3, 1997Assignees: Mitsubishi Materials Corporation, Koji HashimotoInventors: Koji Hashimoto, Akira Mitsuhashi, Katsuhiko Asami, Asahi Kawashima, Yoshio Takizawa
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Patent number: 5622768Abstract: A magnetic core is obtained by winding or laminating at least one alloy ribbon and has excellent squareness characteristic and magnetic saturation characteristic in a high frequency region wherein the squareness ratio of the magnetic core is improved by restricting the surface roughness of the alloy ribbon to specific regions.Type: GrantFiled: May 4, 1994Date of Patent: April 22, 1997Assignee: Kabushiki Kaishi ToshibaInventors: Yumie Watanabe, Yumiko Takahashi, Takao Sawa, Yoshiyuki Yamauchi, Susumu Matsushita, Masami Okamura
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Patent number: 5618359Abstract: At least quaternary alloys form metallic glass upon cooling below the glass transition temperature at a rate less than 10.sup.3 K/s. Such alloys comprise titanium from 19 to 41 atomic percent, an early transition metal (ETM) from 4 to 21 atomic percent and copper plus a late transition metal (LTM) from 49 to 64 atomic percent. The ETM comprises zirconium and/or hafnium. The LTM comprises cobalt and/or nickel. The composition is further constrained such that the product of the copper plus LTM times the atomic proportion of LTM relative to the copper is from 2 to 14. The atomic percentage of ETM is less than 10 when the atomic percentage of titanium is as high as 41, and may be as large as 21 when the atomic percentage of titanium is as low as 24. Furthermore, when the total of copper and LTM are low, the amount of LTM present must be further limited. Another group of glass forming alloys has the formula(ETM.sub.1-x Ti.sub.x).sub.a Cu.sub.b (Ni.sub.1-y Co.sub.y).sub.cwherein x is from 0.1 to 0.3, y.cndot.Type: GrantFiled: December 8, 1995Date of Patent: April 8, 1997Assignee: California Institute of TechnologyInventors: Xianghong Lin, Atakan Peker, William L. Johnson
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Patent number: 5607523Abstract: A high-strength aluminum-based alloy consisting of a composition represented by the general formula: Al.sub.bal Q.sub.a M.sub.b X.sub.c, wherein Q is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mn and Cr; M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Co, Ni, and Cu; X is at least one of rare earth elements including Y, or Misch metal (Mm); and a, b and c are, in atomic percentages, 1.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.7, 0.5.ltoreq.b.ltoreq.5, and 0<c.ltoreq.5, the aluminum-based alloy containing quasicrystals in the structure thereof. The quasicrystals may be of an icosahedral phase (I phase), a decagonal phase (D phase), or a crystalline phase akin thereto and the structure may comprise the quasicrystalline phase and a phase formed of any one of an amorphous phase, aluminum, and a supersaturated aluminum solid solution or a composite (mixed phase) thereof.Type: GrantFiled: January 9, 1995Date of Patent: March 4, 1997Assignees: Tsuyoshi Masumoto, Akihisa Inoue, YKK CorporationInventors: Tsuyoshi Masumoto, Akihisa Inoue, Junichi Nagahora, Toshisuke Shibata, Kazuhiko Kita
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Patent number: 5593514Abstract: Amorphous metal alloys rich in noble metals prepared by rapid solidification processing are disclosed. The alloys have at least a ternary composition having the formula M.sub.a G1.sub.b G2.sub.c, wherein M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ag, Au, Ru, Os, Rh, Ir, Pd, and Pt, and G1 is at least one element selected from the group consisting of B, C, Cu, Ni, Si, and Be, and G2 is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Y, the lanthanides, Zr, Hf, Ca, Mg, Ti, Nb, and Ta. The subscripts a, b, and c are atomic percentages; a ranges from 70 to 90 percent, and b and c range from 5 to 15 percent each. Preferably, a is at least 80 percent and b and c are generally equal. The amorphous metal alloys are readily glass forming and thermally stable at room temperatures.Type: GrantFiled: December 1, 1994Date of Patent: January 14, 1997Assignee: Northeastern UniversityInventors: Bill C. Giessen, Sunil V. Gokhale, Krassimir G. Marchev
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Patent number: 5593515Abstract: A high strength aluminum-based alloy, which having a composition of the general formula: Al.sub.bal Q.sub.a M.sub.b X.sub.c T.sub.d, wherein Q represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mn, Cr, V, Mo and W; M represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Co, Ni, Cu and Fe; X represents at least one element selected from rare earth elements including Y or Mm; T represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr and Hf; and a, b, c and d represent the following atomic percentages: 1.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.7, 0>5, 0>c.ltoreq.5 and 0>d.ltoreq.2, and contains quasi-crystals in the structure thereof. The alloy of the present invention is excellent in the hardness and strength at both room temperature and a high temperature, and also in thermal resistance and ductility.Type: GrantFiled: March 27, 1995Date of Patent: January 14, 1997Assignees: Tsuyoshi Masumoto, Akihisa Inoue, Teikoku Piston Ring Co., Ltd., Yamaha Corporation, YKK CorporationInventors: Tsuyoshi Masumoto, Akihisa Inoue, Hisamichi Kimura, Yoshiyuki Shinohara, Yuma Horio, Kazuhiko Kita
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Patent number: 5591276Abstract: There is provided according to the present invention a magnetic alloy with ultrafine crystal grains having a composition represented by the general formula:Fe.sub.100-x-y M.sub.x B.sub.y (atomic %)wherein M represents at least one element selected from Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Mo, Ta, Cr, W and Mn, 4.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.15, 2.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.25, and 7.ltoreq.x+y.ltoreq.35, at least 50% of the alloy structure being occupied by crystal grains having an average grain size of 500 .ANG. or less, and the crystal grains being based on a bcc structure. It may further contain X (Si, Ge, P, Ga, etc.) and/or T (Au, Co, Ni, etc.). This magnetic alloy has an excellent saturation magnetic flux density, permeability and heat resistance.Type: GrantFiled: November 19, 1993Date of Patent: January 7, 1997Assignee: Hitachi Metals, Ltd.Inventors: Yoshihito Yoshizawa, Yoshio Bizen, Shigekazu Suwabe, Kiyotaka Yamauchi, Toshikazu Nishiyama
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Patent number: 5589012Abstract: Bearings are made having at least one surface made of an amorphous alloy having a coefficient of friction of less than 0.5 and having a tensile strength of 1.0 GPa or greater. In the case of a bearing shaft, the shaft can be smaller than a comparable steel shaft. Articles can be fabricated by heating the amorphous metal to a temperature above its plastic flow temperature and below its crystallization temperature so that it is flowable. The heated material is molded or formed into a desired shape and then the molded article is cooled to its metastable, amorphous state. A preferred configuration for the bearing shaft is in a parabola of revolution form so it acts as a thrust bearing.Type: GrantFiled: February 22, 1995Date of Patent: December 31, 1996Assignee: Systems Integration and Research, Inc.Inventors: Gray D. Hobby, Bernard A. Riggs
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Patent number: 5587028Abstract: An amorphous alloy which is resistant to hot corrosion in sulfidizing and oxidizing atmospheres at high temperatures, consisting of at least one element selected from the group of Al and Cr and at least one element selected from refractory metals of Mo. W, Nb and Ta, a portion of the set forth refractory metals being allowed to be substituted with at least one element selected from Ti, Zr, Fe, Co, Ni and Cu. The addition of Si further improves the alloy's oxidation resistance.Type: GrantFiled: February 9, 1995Date of Patent: December 24, 1996Assignees: Koji Hashimoto, YKK CorporationInventors: Koji Hashimoto, Hiroki Habazaki, Stanislaw Mrowec, Marek Danielewski
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Patent number: 5554232Abstract: An amorphous metal wire having the following composition by atomic %:(Fe.sub.a Co.sub.b).sub.100-(y+z) Si.sub.y B.sub.zwhere 0.4.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.0.6, a+b=1, 6.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.8, and 13.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.16. The wire shows a Large Barkhausen effect and is excellent in pulse voltage generating properties and toughness. The amorphous metal wire according to the present invention is widely applicable to pulse voltage generating elements and various magnetic markers.Type: GrantFiled: November 2, 1994Date of Patent: September 10, 1996Assignee: Unitika Ltd.Inventors: Katsuyuki Fujimoto, Kohati Nomura, Shuji Ueno
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Patent number: 5549797Abstract: Amorphous alloy comprising 30 to 75 atomic % Cr, the remainder being substantially at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ti and Zr and alloys represented by the general formula: X.sub.a Cr.sub.b M.sub.c wherein X is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ti and Zr; M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mg, Al, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Mo and W; and a, b, and c are, in atomic percentage, a>20, 20 .ltoreq.b.ltoreq.75, 0<c .ltoreq.20 and a+b+c=100. The alloys are excellent in corrosion resistance and wear resistance, form a stable protective film and are spontaneously passive, even in corrosive environment such as a poorly oxidizing, highly corrosive HCl solution containing chlorine ions.Type: GrantFiled: March 7, 1994Date of Patent: August 27, 1996Assignees: Koji Hashimoto, YKK CorporationInventors: Koji Hashimoto, Hideaki Yoshioka, Asahi Kawashima
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Patent number: 5547487Abstract: A process is described for producing amorphous metal alloys wherein impure ferrophosphorus slag, a by-product from a phosphorus-producing electric furnace, is used to supply phosphorus, chromium, vanadium and iron values to such alloys by mixing it with iron and any other desired metalloid and/or elements to form a molten mixture, treating the molten mixture to a separation step to remove insoluble slag formed in said molten mixture, and rapidly cooling the molten mixture to below its vitrification temperature to form a solid amorphous metal alloy.Type: GrantFiled: December 5, 1994Date of Patent: August 20, 1996Assignee: FMC CorporationInventors: Michael E. Blum, Gary L. Boerman, Thomas M. Fekete, Donald L. Horak, Yulig K. Kovneristy, Michael T. Orillion
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Patent number: 5539380Abstract: A glassy metal alloy consists essentially of the formula Co.sub.a Fe.sub.b Ni.sub.c M.sub.d B.sub.e Si.sub.f C.sub.g, where M is selected from molybdenum and chromium and "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f" and "g" are in atom percent, "a" ranges from about 40 to about 43, "b" ranges from about 35 to about 42 and "c" ranges from 0 to about 5, "d" ranges from 0 to about 3, "e" ranges from about 10 to about 25, "f" ranges from 0 to about 15 and "g" ranges from 0 to about 2. The alloy can be cast by rapid solidification into ribbon, annealed to enhance magnetic properties thereof, and formed into a marker that is especially suited for use in magneto-mechanically actuated article surveillance systems. Advantageously, the marker is characterized by relatively linear magnetization response in the frequency regime wherein harmonic marker systems operate magnetically.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 1995Date of Patent: July 23, 1996Assignee: AlliedSignal Inc.Inventors: Ryusuke Hasegawa, Ronald Martis
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Patent number: 5516586Abstract: Protection of a metal surface is carried out by applying a coating of vitreous enamel to the surface so that the enamel forms a strong bond with the metal and then spraying a coating of an atomized protective metal on the enamel. Preferably a peening operation is carried out on the surface of the sprayed metal simultaneously with or immediately after the spraying of the metal. The method is particularly advantageous in protecting steel marine structures against corrosion and, where the protective metal is cupro-nickel, fouling by marine creatures. The vitreous enamel forms an electrically insulating layer preventing galvanic action between the steel and the cupro-nickel in the presence of sea water.Type: GrantFiled: December 7, 1993Date of Patent: May 14, 1996Assignee: Sprayforming DevelopmentsInventors: Alfred R. E. Singer, Allen D. Roche, Gordon I. Davies
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Patent number: 5509978Abstract: The present invention provides a high strength and anti-corrosive aluminum-based alloy essentially consisting of an amorphous structure or a multiphase amorphous/fine crystalline structure, which is represented by the general formula Al.sub.x M.sub.y R.sub.z. In this formula, M represents at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zr, Nb, Mo and Ni, and R represents at least one element or mixture selected from the group consisting of Y, Ce, La, Nd and Mm (misch metal). Additionally, in the formula, x, y and z represent the composition ratio, and are atomic percentages satisfying the relationships of x+y+z=100, 64.5.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.95, 5.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.35, and 0<z.ltoreq.0.4.Type: GrantFiled: February 9, 1995Date of Patent: April 23, 1996Assignee: Yamaha CorporationInventors: Tsuyoshi Masumoto, Akihisa Inoue, Yuma Horio
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Patent number: 5494541Abstract: A process for producing an aluminum alloy in the form of mass includes: preparing as a material to be formed a mixed powder of aluminum and at least one kind of metal or non-metallic substance selected from the elements belonging to Groups 4a, 4b, 5a, 6a, 7a and 8a of the periodic table and boron, or a compact or a cast material formed of the mixed powder; placing the material to be formed in a die, and performing plastic deformation repeatedly on the material to be formed at 100.degree. to 400.degree. in an inert atmosphere while retaining at least part of the material to be formed in a confined state, so as to cause diffusion reaction between phases constituting the material to be formed, thereby forming the quasi-stable phase composed mainly of amorphous phases and/or supersaturated solid solution phases.Type: GrantFiled: January 19, 1994Date of Patent: February 27, 1996Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Chuo KenkyushoInventors: Hironori Fujita, Fumio Nonoyama, Atsushi Danno
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Patent number: 5495231Abstract: A glassy metal alloy consists essentially of the formula Co.sub.a Fe.sub.b Ni.sub.c M.sub.d B.sub.e Si.sub.f C.sub.g, where M is selected from molybdenum and "a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f" and "g" are in atom percent, "a" ranges from about 40 to about 43, "b" ranges from about 35 to about 42 and "c" ranges from 0 to about 5, "d" ranges from 0 to about 3, "e" ranges from about 10 to about 25, "f" ranges from 0 to about 15 and "g" ranges from 0 to about 2. The alloy can be cast by rapid solidification into ribbon or otherwise formed into a marker that is especially suited for use in magneto-mechanically actuated article surveillance systems. Advantageously, the marker is characterized by relatively linear magnetization response in the frequency regime wherein harmonic marker systems operate magnetically. Voltage amplitudes detected for the marker are high, and interference between surveillance systems based on mechanical resonance and harmonic re-radiance is virtually eliminated.Type: GrantFiled: April 13, 1995Date of Patent: February 27, 1996Assignee: AlliedSignal Inc.Inventor: Ryusuke Hasegawa
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Patent number: 5482577Abstract: An amorphous alloy which is resistant to hot corrosion in sulfidizing and oxidizing atmospheres at high temperatures, consisting of at least one element selected from the group of Al and Cr and at least one element selected from refractory metals of Mo. W, Nb and Ta, a portion of the set forth refractory metals being allowed to be substituted with at least one element selected from Ti, Zr, Fe, Co, Ni and Cu. The addition of Si further improves the alloy oxidation resistance.Type: GrantFiled: October 25, 1994Date of Patent: January 9, 1996Assignees: Koji Hashimoto, YKK CorporationInventors: Koji Hashimoto, Hiroki Habazaki, Stanislaw Mrowec, Marek Danielewski
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Patent number: 5460663Abstract: Amorphous alloys having an extremely high corrosion resistance comprise Cr and at least one element selected from Ta and Nb, as essential components, and are spontaneously passive owing to the formation of stable protective films, even in very corrosive environments such as poorly oxidizing concentrated hydrochloric acid. The amorphous alloy may further include one or more elements appropriately selected from other alloying elements of Al, Ti, Zr, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Mo and W. The amorphous alloys have advantageous properties, such as very high corrosion resistance, high corrosion resistance at elevated temperatures and high wear resistance, and, therefore are useful in chemical plants or other industrial and domestic applications.Type: GrantFiled: April 20, 1994Date of Patent: October 24, 1995Assignee: YKK CorporationInventors: Koji Hashimoto, Jinhan Kim, Hideaki Yoshioka, Hiroki Habazaki, Asahi Kawashima, Katsuhiko Asami
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Patent number: 5458700Abstract: A high-strength aluminum alloy consisting of an amorphous phase containing quasicrystals constituted of aluminum as the principal element, a first additive element consisting of at least one rare earth element and a second additive element consisting of at least one element other than aluminum and rare earth elements, and a crystalline phase consisting of the principal element and the first additive element and the second additive element contained in a supersaturated solid solution form, the amorphous phase containing quasicrystals being contained in a volume percentage of 60 to 90%. The contents of the additive elements preferably fall within a hatched range in the figure, still preferably within a range covered with dot-dash lines in the figure.Type: GrantFiled: April 28, 1994Date of Patent: October 17, 1995Assignees: Tsuyoshi Masumoto, Akihisa Inoue, Yoshida Kogyo K.K.Inventors: Tsuyoshi Masumoto, Akihisa Inoue, Mitsuru Watanabe, Junichi Nagahora, Toshisuke Shitata
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Patent number: 5454884Abstract: An amorphous alloy which is resistant to hot corrosion in sulfidizing and oxidizing atmospheres at high temperatures, consisting of at least one element selected from the group of Al and Cr and at least one element selected from refractory metals of Mo. W, Nb and Ta, a portion of the set forth refractory metals being allowed to be substituted with at least one element selected from Ti, Zr, Fe, Co, Ni and Cu. The addition of Si further improves the alloy's oxidation resistance.Type: GrantFiled: October 25, 1994Date of Patent: October 3, 1995Assignees: Kogi Hashimoto, YKK CorporationInventors: Koji Hashimoto, Hiroki Habazakt, Stanislaw Mrowec, Marek Danielewski
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Patent number: 5433797Abstract: A process for producing nanocrystalline materials, and in particular nanocrystalline nickel having an average grain size of less than about 11 nanometers and ternary and quaternary nickel-iron alloys, such as NiFeCr and NiFeCrMn alloys, having a grain size less than about 100 nm is described. The nanocrystalline nickel is electrodeposited onto the cathode in an aqueous acidic electrolytic cell by application of a pulsed D.C. current. The ternary and quaternary Nickel-Iron alloys and other binary, ternary and quaternary alloys may be produced by D.C. electroplating or by pulsed D.C. electroplating. The cell electrolyte also contains a stress reliever, such as saccharin, which helps to control the grain size. The novel products of the invention find utility as wear resistant coatings, hydrogen storage materials, magnetic materials and as catalysts for hydrogen evolution.Type: GrantFiled: January 18, 1994Date of Patent: July 18, 1995Assignee: Queen's UniversityInventors: Uwe Erb, Abdelmounam M. El-Sherik, Cedric K. S. Cheung, Martin J. Aus
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Patent number: 5431751Abstract: A high strength aluminum alloy is expressed by a general formula, Al.sub.a X.sub.b Mm.sub.c, in which "X" stands for at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zr, "Mm" stands for a misch metal, a content "a" of aluminum falls in a range of from 95.2 to 97.5 atomic %, and a content "b" of "X" and a content "c" of the "Mm" fall in a hatched area enclosed by points "A," "B," "C" and "D" of accompanying FIG. 1 on atomic % basis, and whose metallic phase includes microcrystalline phases or mixed phases containing amorphous phases in a volume content of less than 50% and the balance of microcrystalline phases. As a result, the amorphous phases or the microcrystalline phases are dispersed uniformly in its base microcrystalline phases appropriately, and at the same time the thus generating base microcrystalline phases are reinforced by forming solid solutions including the "Mm" and the transition metal element "X" as well.Type: GrantFiled: February 5, 1993Date of Patent: July 11, 1995Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Yukio Okochi, Kazuaki Sato, Tetsuya Suganuma, Akira Kato, Tsuyoshi Masumoto, Akihisa Inoue
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Patent number: 5429725Abstract: Metallic glass/amorphous metal electrodes produced by rapid solidification (i) having a structure that is either amorphous or nanocrystalline, (ii) containing the principal alloying element as Ni, (iii) containing alloying conditions of Co and Mo in the range of 0 to 8 at . %, and when combined with NI, represent 0.75 to 0.85 of the atomic fraction of the alloy, and (iv) containing metalloid elements comprised of one or more of the elements C,B,Si and P either singly or in combination to represent 0.15 to 0.25 atomic faction of the alloy. The electrodes have excellent thermal stability, improved stability in an aqueous electrolyte and can provide improved current efficiency--anodic overpotential performance. They are used in the electrolysis of aqueous electrolyte solutions such as mixtures of caustic and water in the production of oxygen and hydrogen.Type: GrantFiled: September 16, 1994Date of Patent: July 4, 1995Inventors: Steven J. Thorpe, Donald W. Kirk
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Patent number: 5424140Abstract: A palladium-based alloy is disclosed having a composition consisting essentially of nickel in the range of about 3 to about 30 atom percent, silicon in the range of about 15 to about 20 atom percent, the balance being palladium plus incidental impurities. The alloys of the present invention are particularly suited for joining stainless steels employed in orthodontic devices at brazing temperatures less than about 900.degree. C. The alloys are typically produced in the form of a foil having a thickness of at least about 150 .mu.m.Type: GrantFiled: May 23, 1991Date of Patent: June 13, 1995Assignee: AlliedSignal Inc.Inventor: Anatol Rabinkin
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Patent number: 5423923Abstract: Deposition of a hard film of Ti-Si-N composite material on a substrate is carried out by using a source of evaporation possessing a composition of Ti.sub.a Si.sub.b (wherein "a" and "b" stand for atomic percentages respectively falling in the ranges of 75 at % .ltoreq.a.ltoreq.85 at % and 15 at %.ltoreq.b.ltoreq.25 at %, providing a+b=100 at %). Deposition is effected by a sputtering process or ion plating process in an atmosphere of an inert gas containing a nitrogen-containing reaction gas while controlling the feed rate of the reaction gas into a chamber in such a manner that the partial pressure of nitrogen is kept constant or varied continuously or stepwise. By this method there can be obtained a film having fine TiN crystalline particles uniformly dispersed in the matrix phase of Ti-Si amorphous metal or a film of functionally gradient structure in which the ratio of fine TiN crystalline particles dispersed in the matrix phase increases continuously or stepwise in the direction of thickness of the film.Type: GrantFiled: September 30, 1994Date of Patent: June 13, 1995Assignees: Yoshida Kogyo K.K., Tsuyoshi Masumoto, Akihisa Inoue, Honda Motor Co., Ltd.Inventors: Hiroshi Yamagata, Tadashi Yamaguchi, Hideki Takeda, Nobuyuki Nishiyama, Katsutoshi Nozaki, Akihisa Inoue, Tsuyoshi Masumoto
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Patent number: 5421917Abstract: An alloy based on titanium and containing 0.5 to 30% by weight of magnesium, calcium or lithium is produced by vapor quenching to yield a metastable solid solution of solute in titanium. Exemplified alloys containing magnesium have age hardening or solution strengthening characteristics. Vapor quenching enables these alloys to be produced despite the differences in melting temperature between solute and solvent by separate vaporization of each of the species and mixing in the vapor phase. This method provides a route to achieving rapid solidification microstructures unobtainable by other rapid solidification methods. Preferred alloys comprise Ti with 1-15% or 3-7% by weight of magnesium. The alloys may contain other strengthening ingredients currently used in titanium alloys.Type: GrantFiled: October 12, 1993Date of Patent: June 6, 1995Assignee: The Secretary of State for Defence in her Britannic Majesty's Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandInventors: Peter G. Partridge, Charles M. Ward-Close
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Patent number: 5419789Abstract: An aluminum-based alloy which consists Al and 0.1 to 25 atomic % of at least two transition metal elements and has a structure in which at least quasicrystals are homogeneously dispersed in a matrix composed of Al or a supersaturated Al solid solution. The quasicrystals are preferably composed of an I-phase alone or a mixed phase of an I-phase and a D-phase and preferably has a volume nfraction of 20% or less. Specifically, the aluminum-based alloy has the composition represented by the general formula Al.sub.bal Ni.sub.a X.sub.b or Al.sub.bal Ni.sub.a X.sub.b M.sub.c wherein X is one or two elements selected between Fe and Co; M is at least one element selected from among Cr, Mn, Nb, Mo, Ta and W; 5.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.10; 0.5.ltoreq.b.ltoreq.10; and 0.1.ltoreq.c.ltoreq.5. The alloy is excellent in hardness and strength both at room temperature and high temperature and in heat resistance and has a high specific strength. It can retain the excellent characteristics even when affected by the heat of working.Type: GrantFiled: September 3, 1993Date of Patent: May 30, 1995Assignee: YKK CorporationInventor: Kazuhiko Kita
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Patent number: 5405458Abstract: Deposition of a hard film of Ti--Si--N composite material on a substrate is carried out by using a source of evaporation possessing a composition of Ti.sub.a Si.sub.b (wherein "a" and "b" stand for atomic percentages respectively falling in the ranges of 75 at %.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.85 at % and 15 at %.ltoreq.b.ltoreq.25 at %, providing a+b=100 at %). Deposition is effected by a sputtering process or ion plating process in an atmosphere of an inert gas containing a nitrogen-containing reaction gas while controlling the feed rate of the reaction gas into a chamber in such a manner that the partial pressure of nitrogen is kept constant or varied continuously or stepwise.Type: GrantFiled: September 14, 1993Date of Patent: April 11, 1995Assignees: Yoshida Kogyo K.K., Tsuyoshi Masumoto, Akihisa Inoue, Honda Motor Co., Ltd., Teikoko Piston Ring Co., Ltd.Inventors: Hiroshi Yamagata, Tadashi Yamaguchi, Hideki Takeda, Nobuyuki Nishiyama, Katsutoshi Nozaki, Akihisa Inoue, Tsuyoshi Masumoto
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Patent number: 5397403Abstract: A high strength amorphous aluminum-based alloy comprises 75 atom % (inclusive) to 90 atom % (inclusive) of Al; 3 atom % (inclusive) to 15 atom % (inclusive) of Ni; and 3 atom % (inclusive) to 12 atom % (inclusive) of at least one element selected from the group consisting of Dy, Er and Gd, and has an amorphous phase volume fraction (Vf) of at least 50%. This leads to a higher amorphous phase forming ability and a wider plastically workable temperature region so that the workability of the alloy is satisfactory to produce structural members utilizing a working process such as a hot extruding process, a hot forging process or the like.Type: GrantFiled: August 26, 1992Date of Patent: March 14, 1995Assignee: Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Hiroyuki Horimura, Tadahiro Kubota, Tuyoshi Baba, Kazuya Takahashi
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Patent number: 5380375Abstract: An amorphous alloy which is resistant to hot corrosion in sulfidizing and oxidizing atmospheres at high temperatures, consisting of Cr and at least one element selected from refractory metals of Nb and Ta, a portion of the set forth refractory metals being allowed to be substituted with at least one element selected from Ti, Zr, Fe, Co, Ni and Cu. The addition of Si further improves the alloy's oxidation resistance.Type: GrantFiled: November 24, 1993Date of Patent: January 10, 1995Assignees: Koji Hashimoto, Yoshida Kogyo K.K.Inventors: Koji Hashimoto, Hiroki Habazaki, Stanislaw Mrowec, Marek Danielewski
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Patent number: 5376191Abstract: The finishes of the present invention consist essentially of metal alloys having the general formula:T.sub.a Cr.sub.b Zr.sub.c B.sub.d M.sub.e M'.sub.f X.sub.g I.sub.h(I)in which a+b+c+d+e+f+g+h=100 atomic percent;T is Ni, Co, Ni--Co or any combination of at least one of Ni and Co with Fe, wherein 3<Fe<82 at. % and 3<a<85 at. %;M is one or more elements of the group consisting of Mn, Cu, V, Ti, Mo, Ru, Hf, Ta, W, Nb, Rh, wherein 0<e<12 at. %;M' is one or more rare earths, including Y, wherein 0<f<4 at. %;X is one or more metalloids of the group consisting of C, P, Ge and Si, wherein 0<g<17 at. %;I represents inevitable impurities, wherein h<1 at. %, and 5.ltoreq.b.ltoreq.25, 5.ltoreq.c.ltoreq.15, and 5.ltoreq.d.ltoreq.18.Powders obtained from these alloys that are deposited on substrates by thermal projection provide finishes having increased hardness in addition to high ductility and excellent resistance to corrosion.Type: GrantFiled: May 14, 1993Date of Patent: December 27, 1994Assignee: NEYRPICInventors: Jean-Marie Roman, Jean-Marie DuBois, Philippe Plaindoux, Jean-Pierre Houin
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Patent number: 5368659Abstract: Alloys which form metallic glass upon cooling below the glass transition temperature at a rate appreciably less than 10.sup.6 K/s comprise beryllium in the range of from 2 to 47 atomic percent and at least one early transition metal in the range of from 30 to 75% and at least one late transition metal in the range of from 5 to 62%. A preferred group of metallic glass alloys has the formula (Zr.sub.1-x Ti.sub.x).sub.a (Cu.sub.1-y Ni.sub.y).sub.b Be.sub.c. Generally, a is in the range from 30 to 75% and the lower limit increases with increasing x. When x is in the range of from 0 to 0.15, b is in the range of from 5 to 62%, and c is in the range of from 6 to 47%. When x is in the range of from 0.15 to 0.4, b is in the range of from 5 to 62%, and c is in the range of from 2 to 47%. When x is in the range of from 0.4 to 0.6, b is in the range of from 5 to 62%, and c is in the range of from 2 to 47%. When x is in the range of from 0.6 to 0.Type: GrantFiled: February 18, 1994Date of Patent: November 29, 1994Assignee: California Institute of TechnologyInventors: Atakan Peker, William L. Johnson
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Patent number: 5368658Abstract: The present invention provides high strength, heat resistant aluminum-based alloys having a composition represented by the general formula: Al.sub.a M.sub.b X.sub.cwherein:M is at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zr, Ti, Mo, W, Ca, Li, Mg and Si;X is at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of Hf, Nb, and Ta; anda, b and c are atomic percentages falling within the following ranges:50.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.95, 0.5.ltoreq.b.ltoreq.35 and 0.5.ltoreq.c.ltoreq.25, the aluminum-based alloy being in an amorphous state, microcrystalline state or a composite state thereof. The aluminum-based alloys possess an advantageous combination of properties of high strength, heat resistance, superior ductility and good processability which make then suitable for various applications.Type: GrantFiled: February 19, 1993Date of Patent: November 29, 1994Assignees: Yoshida Kogyo K.K., Tsuyoshi MasumotoInventors: Tsuyoshi Masumoto, Akihisa Inoue, Katsumasa Odera, Masahiro Oguchi
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Patent number: 5366564Abstract: A hard wear-resistant film is formed on a substrate in an atmosphere of an inert gas by using a target of a composition of Al.sub.a Ti.sub.b (wherein "a" and "b" stand for atomic percentages respectively in the ranges of 62 at %.ltoreq.a.ltoreq.85 at % and 15 at %.ltoreq.b.ltoreq.38 at %, providing a+b=100 at %) or Al.sub.c Ta.sub.d (wherein "c" and "d" stand for atomic percentages respectively in the ranges of 60 at %.ltoreq.c.ltoreq.80 at % and 20 at %.ltoreq.d.ltoreq.40 at %, providing c+d=100 at %) and by a sputtering process or ion plating process while varying continuously or stepwise the feed rate of a nitrogen-containing reaction gas into a chamber. The film consequently formed has a composition and structure thereof continuously or stepwise varied from a substantially amorphous metal of a part being in contact with the substrate to an (Al, Ti)N or (Al, Ta)N crystalline ceramic phase with the nitrogen content continuously or stepwise increased in the direction of the surface of the film.Type: GrantFiled: September 14, 1993Date of Patent: November 22, 1994Assignees: Yoshida Kogyo K.K., Ysuyoshi Masumoto, Akihisa InoueInventors: Hiroshi Yamagata, Akihisa Inoue, Tsuyoshi Masumoto
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Patent number: 5362339Abstract: A cast magnetic refrigerant having a composition represented byLn.sub.a A.sub.b M.sub.cwherein Ln is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm and Yb; A is any one of elements of Al and Ga; M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Ag; each of a, b and c is atomic %, with the proviso that a+b+c=100 atomic %, 20 atomic % .ltoreq.a.ltoreq.80 atomic %, 5 atomic % .ltoreq.b .ltoreq.50 atomic %, 5 atomic % .ltoreq.c.ltoreq.60 atomic %, and having an amorphous structure with a difference .DELTA.T of 10K or more between a glass transition temperature Tg and a crystallization temperature Tx.Type: GrantFiled: March 13, 1992Date of Patent: November 8, 1994Assignee: Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Hiroyuki Horimura, Tsuyoshi Masumoto, Akihisa Inoue, Kazuhiko Kita, Hitoshi Yamaguchi
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Patent number: 5358576Abstract: In amorphous materials including at least one iron-transition metal of Fe, Co, and Ni, and at least one metalloid of B, C, Si, and P, excellent magnetic characteristics can be provided subject to the condition that 0.5 to 10 atomic % of the above-described iron-transition metals are substituted by Mn. In addition, when the amorphous material partially substituted with Mn as described above is further comprised of at least one element selected from Groups IIIa, IVa, Va, and VIa in the periodic table, the crystallization temperature is considerably raised.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 1980Date of Patent: October 25, 1994Assignee: Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Inventors: Harufumi Senno, Hiroshi Sakakima, Masatsugu Yamaguchi, Eiichi Hirota
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Patent number: 5350468Abstract: A process for producing amorphous alloy materials having high toughness and high strength from various alloy powders, thin ribbons or bulk materials consisting of an amorphous phase by heating them to a temperature at which intermetallic compounds or other compounds are not produced. During this heating, fine crystal grains consisting of a supersaturated solid solution made of a main alloying element and additive elements and having a mean grain diameter of 5 nm to 500 nm are precipitated and uniformly dispersed in a volume percentage of 5 to 50% throughout an amorphous matrix. In the process, when deformation, pressing or other working is simultaneously conducted with the heating, consolidation or combining of the resultant alloy materials can also be effected in the same production procedure. The amorphous alloy used in the production process preferably comprises Al, Mg or Ti as a main element and, as additive elements, rare earth elements and/or other elements.Type: GrantFiled: September 2, 1992Date of Patent: September 27, 1994Assignees: Tsuyoshi Masumoto, Akihisa Inoue, Yoshida Kogyo K.K.Inventors: Tsuyoshi Masumoto, Akihisa Inoue
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Patent number: 5348591Abstract: An amorphous magnesium alloy has a composition of Mg.sub.a M.sub.b X.sub.c (M is Zn and/or Ga, X is La, Ce, Mm (misch metal), Y, Nd, Pr, Sm and Gd), a is from 65 to 96.5 atomic %, b is from 3 to 30 atomic %, and c is from 0.2 to 8 atomic %). The magnesium alloy has a high specific strength and does not embrittle at room temperature.Type: GrantFiled: September 2, 1992Date of Patent: September 20, 1994Assignees: Tsuyoshi Masumoto, Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha, Yoshida Kogyo K.K., Teikoku Piston Ring Co., Ltd.Inventors: Tsuyoshi Masumoto, Akihisa Inoue, Akira Kato, Toshisuke Shibata, Nobuyuki Nishiyama
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Patent number: 5338373Abstract: A process for making a large number of magneto-mechanically resonant markers having distinct resonant characteristics is disclosed. The process comprises modifying at least one surface of a glassy metal alloy strip so as to cause the effective length of the alloy strip to be different from the physical length thereof. Resonant markers comprising alloy strips treated by the process of the present invention display unique and distinguishable resonant characteristics which gives the marker a unique identity. The resonant markers can be used for article surveillance, inventory control and personnel identification.Type: GrantFiled: April 6, 1993Date of Patent: August 16, 1994Inventors: Robert M. VonHoene, Ryusuke Hasegawa