Abstract: The subject invention provides a method for manufacturing a spring band clip, wherein an alloyed steel is shaped, annealed, levelled into a narrow band, then shaped by stamping and bending into a non-machined clip, and the surface of the non-machined clip is smoothed and treated to produce resistance to corrosion; wherein the steel comprises iron as the main component and one or more of the following components by weight: 0.32 to 0.55% C; up to 2.0% Si; up to 2.0% Mn; up to 0.04% P; up to 0.04% S; 17.5 to 20% Cr; up to 1% Ni; 0.5 to 2.5% Mo; up to 0.5% V; up to 0.1% Al; up to 0.1% Co; up to 0.4% Cu; up to 0.4% Pb; up to 0.1% Se; up to 0.1% Te; up to 0.005% Ti; up to 0.1% W; up to 0.05% Zr; up to 0.01% O.sub.2 ; up to 0.01% N; up to 0.1% Bi; up to 0.001% B; up to 0.05% Nb; wherein the non-machined clip is austenitized prior to being smoothed and is converted into martensite by heat treatment in a salt-, oil-, or water bath, or by quenching at about the austenitizing temperature.

Abstract: The present invention provides a hot reversing rolling mill for isothermally reducing a metal strip product. The mill includes a hot reversing mill stand with a pair of coilers positioned on opposite sides of the mill stand. At least one heater is positioned between one of the coilers and the mill stand with at least one strip cooling unit positioned between one of the coilers and the mill stand. A sensor is provided for sensing a strip parameter indicative of strip temperature as well as a controller for controlling each of the heating and cooling units in response to the sensed parameter. The rolling mill of the present invention can be utilized for isothermally rolling multiple passes of a metal strip product on the hot reversing mill.

Abstract: In a method for producing machine elements of steel having a carbon content of 0.3 to 1.1%, blanks are heated to austenitizing temperature and austenitized, quenched for the formation of martensite, heated from room temperature to a maximum tempering temperature, and immediately after reaching said maximum temperature cooled to room temperature to attain a hardness of 45 to 65 RHC and finish-machined to machine elements.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for fabricating a piece of structural steel that includes thermal or thermomechanical treatment steps that could ordinarily lower the fatigue strength and shock and impact resistance of the steel piece. In the method of the invention a workpiece of microalloy steel is fabricated containing the following elements in the mounts indicated and having a bainitic structure:______________________________________ C 0.05-0.5 wt. % Mo 0-0.5 wt. % Mn 1-2 wt. % V 0-0.30 wt. % Si 0.05-1.5 wt. % B 0-0.010 wt. % Cr 0.1-1 wt. % Ti 0-0.030 wt. % Nb 0-0.1 wt. % ______________________________________The workpiece is then subjected to a treatment that includes a heating stage wherein at least a part of said piece is subjected to a temperature in the range 500.degree.-900.degree. C., followed by a cooling stage in which at least the part of the piece is subjected to cooling at a rate greater than 500.degree. C./hr.

Abstract: A process for producing coherent twin, incoherent twin, low angle tilt, high angle tilt or CSL grain boundaries in materials is described. A planar material or a planar substrate coated with the polycrystalline material is heated in selected areas so as to provide a temperature gradient in the substrate. The temperature gradient is sufficiently large and maintained for a sufficient time so that preferential nucleation occurs and recrystallization in the plane of the polycrystalline material takes place such that coherent twin, incoherent twin, low angle tilt, high angle tilt or CSL boundaries between chains of grains growing along lines of equal temperature are produced.

Abstract: A process for induction hardening a part to a desired depth with an AC signal applied to the part from a closely coupled induction coil includes measuring the voltage of the AC signal at the coil and the current passing through the coil; and controlling the depth of hardening of the part from the measured voltage and current. The control system determines parameters of the part that are functions of applied voltage and current to the induction coil, and uses a neural network to control the application of the AC signal based on the detected functions for each part.

Abstract: A method for processing stainless steel strip or sheet provides for cleaning the surface of the stainless steel with a solution selected from the group consisting of water and alkaline-based and acid-based compounds to reduce oxide scale formation and to provide more uniform oxide scale during subsequent annealing by transverse-flux induction heating up to an annealing temperature of about 2300 degrees Fahrenheit and then electrolytically descaling by immersing in an aqueous solution electrolyte of one neutral salt, preferably, sodium sulfate maintained at a temperature in excess of 150 degrees Fahrenheit and with the use of low current density of 0.1 to 1.0 amperes per square inch to descale the steel substantially entirely, and thereafter applying a water rinse combined with wet wiping to the electrolytically-descaled stainless steel.

Abstract: Method of continuous heat-treatment of metal strips, wherein the strip which is to be heat-treated passes through a furnace which is thermally isolated and in a protective atmosphere, consisting of heating, holding and cooling sections; the said strip is guided by a plurality of return rolls situated in the upper and lower parts of the said sections and thus forms a plurality of lengths and they pass in front of cooling and traditional heating (generally produced by a radiation source or using naked flames), and induction means, the latter are placed upstream of at least one traditional heating section and are used combined and simultaneously with the other heating means in order to compensate for the variations in the heat-treatment parameters.

Abstract: Disclosed is a high-frequency heating apparatus including an elongated chamber in which a plurality of rocker arms are introduced, each of the rocker arms being attached with a chip and brazing filler such as a copper wax, a high-frequency brazing coil for high-frequency heating a designated part of each rocker arm in the chamber to braze the chip to the rocker arm, a high-frequency temperature-holding coil for holding the temperature of the rocker arm constant, and a nitrogen gas supplying device for keeping the chamber filled with a nitrogenous atmosphere during the high-frequency heating.

Abstract: A scanning induction hardening process in which a steel workpiece is surface hardened by progressively traversing its length with an inductor coil energized by an alternating electric current and immediately thereafter quenching the heated portion of the workpiece characterized in that straightening of bends in the workpiece being surface hardened is controlled during the induction hardening process by monitoring the straightness of the workpiece and utilizing information thereby obtained to control the heating and quenching of the workpiece in such a manner that a layer of hardened material of greater thickness is formed on the concave side of any bend in the workpiece such as to produce a straightening moment acting to remove the bend.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for carrying out scaleless inductive heating of ferrous parts comprising (i) using an integrated manifold-inductor quenchant device, and while gradually flowing a diluted combustible gas into the spacing between the inductor and part surface to be heated, inductively heating such surface as part of a heat treating cycle; and (ii) concurrently stopping such flow and injecting a fluid quenchant through the spacing to rapidly lower the temperature of the part surface to complete the heat treating cycle. Advantageously such method may further comprise flushing the spacing between the inductor and heated part surface, and then repeating the steps of the prior method to treat more parts with the same inductor.

Abstract: Process and apparatus are provided for selective heating a portion of a workpiece to achieve improved ausforming and isoforming processes when the workpiece is plastically deformed by mechanical working above the M.sub.s temperature. The process and apparatus includes a preheating step where a larger portion of the workpiece is preheated to less than the austenitic critical temperature while the final heating step conducted at a temperature higher than the austenitic critical temperature heats a smaller portion of the workpiece which is subsequently subjected to plastic deformation.

Abstract: A metal alloy workpiece is heated convectively in a first step by heat conduction, heat radiation or further non-inductive heat transfer to a temperature lying just below the solidus temperature of the alloy and is heated inductively in a subsequent second step to the final temperature lying between solidus and liquidus temperature. The process is particularly suitable for producing workpieces having thixotropic properties intended for further processing, in particular for further processing bolts or bars in die-casting, forging, rolling and pressing plants.

Abstract: This invention relates to a high frequency heating process for treating a transformer core and windings. The process includes the steps of maintaining vacuum in an enclosure wherein the windings are to be treated, heating the windings with high frequency current, measuring the insulation resistance of the windings until a constant value is reached, stopping heating, filling the enclosure with oil, and then drying the oil from the enclosure. Alternatively, the transformer core and windings can be treated by encapsulating the winding with a polymerized resin, allowing the resin to flow into the mould and against the sides of the winding in a controlled fashion to enable polymerization of the resin to spread horizontally in a thin layer.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for internally heating solid bodies using electromagnetic induction. The method comprises generating an electromagnetic induction field and causing it to induce the flow of an electric current in a preselected portion of a solid body to be heated. The electric current has a direction and magnitude sufficient to cause internal heating of the preselected portion of the body. The induction field and the body are rotated relative to one another for causing the direction of the induced current to rotate relative to the body about a preselected location to cause overheating at the preselected location. The body is cooled, except for the preselected portion to be heated. The apparatus comprises a coil for generating an electromagnetic induction field for inducing the flow of an electric current in a preselected portion of a solid body to be heated. The electric current has a direction and magnitude sufficient to cause internal heating of the preselected portion of the body.

Abstract: An anvil member for use in a surgical stapler is annealed by localized heating, preferably induction heating. A shaped shielding means is used to cradle the anvil so as to expose the staple crimping portion of the anvil. The heating is performed so as to anneal only the delimited staple crimping portion of the anvil. All other portions of the anvil are either shielded by the cradle or are out of the heating range.