Abstract: Starch compositions, including cationic crosslinked starches, and methods of using those starches in papermaking are disclosed. In particular, a cationized crosslinked starch and use of the starch in the wet end system of a paper machine is disclosed. The starch compositions of the disclosure are particularly adapted for customization for specific wet end systems, and allow for modification to correspond to variations in the wet end of the papermaking machine.

Abstract: This invention is directed to degraded, hydrated particulate starches that are hydrophobically modified and a method of providing paper with reduced porosity, resistance to liquid penetration and increased surface strength comprising applying to the surface of a paper substrate an effective amount of a surface sizing composition which comprises such starch. In particular, the starches are those in which the starch base is degraded to a water fluidity (WF) of from about 10 to 80 or the modified and/or particulate starch is degraded using a substantially equivalent amount of degradation agent and substantially the same reaction conditions, the starch is modified with a hydrophobic hydrocarbon group of 5 to 23 carbon atoms at about 1 to 20% substitution level by weight of bound hydrophobe based on the weight of starch, and the hydrated starch has a volume average hydrated particle size of at least about 20 microns and a volume fraction of hydrated particles at 1% solids of at least about 5%.

Abstract: Modified polysaccharides (such as starches, gums, chitosans, celluloses, alginates, sugars, etc.), which are commonly used in the paper industry as strengthening agents, surface sizes, coating binders, emulsifiers and adhesives, can be combined into a single molecule with amphiphilic hydrocarbons (e.g. surface active agents) which are commonly utilized in the paper industry to control absorbency, improve softness, enhance surface feel and function as dispersants. The resulting molecule is a modified polysaccharide having surface active moieties which can provide several potential benefits, depending on the specific combination employed, including: (a) strength aids that do not impart stiffness; (b) softeners that do not reduce strength; (c) wet strength with improved wet/dry strength ratio; (d) debonders with reduced linting and sloughing; (e) strength aids with controlled absorbency; and (f) surface sizing agents with improved tactile properties.

Abstract: Tissue paper having a bulk between 2 and 8 g/m3 and containing an amount of a wet strength agent, wherein the tissue paper contains a wet strength agent in the form of a nitrogen-containing polymer having hydrophobic side-chains. Said tissue paper before converting has a relative wet strength value (RWS) of at least 45%.

Abstract: A cationic cellulosic fibre containing between 1 and 30 cationic groups and between 0.1 and 20 aldehyde groups per 100 anhydroglucose units is a suitable basis for producing paper and tissue products without the necessity of using non-biodegradable cationic polymers as wet strength additives. The cationic cellulosic fibre can be obtained by oxidation of the fibre to introduce aldehyde groups, followed by reaction of part of the aldehyde groups with a nitrogen-containing reagent such as betaine hydrazide hydrochloride. The fibre is advantageously combined with an anionic polymer such as monoaldehyde carboxyl-starch or with anionic cyclodextrin.

Abstract: An aqueous sol containing silica-based particles which has an S-value within the range of from 10 to 45%, a viscosity within the range of from 5 to 40 cP, and a molar ratio of SiO2 to M2O, where M is alkali metal or ammonium, within the range of from 10:1 to 40:1, or a silica content of at least 10% by weight. The invention further relates to a process for the production of silica-based particles comprising the steps of: (a) acidifying an aqueous silicate solution to a pH of from 1 to 4 to form an acid sol; (b) alkalising the acid sol at an SiO2 content within the range of from 4.5 to 8% by weight to; (c) allowing particle growth of the alkalised sol for at least 10 minutes, or heat-treating the alkalised sol at a temperature of a least 30° C.; and then (d) alkalising the obtained sol to a pH of at least 10.0.

Abstract: The invention is a method of manufacturing lightweight fibrous casings constructed of abaca paper substrates suitably wet-strengthened using viscose, or viscose and resin, and subsequently viscosed a second time, and the casings made by this method. The method of this invention employs an arrangement of a die and related apparatus for the single-sided viscosing of light weight paper substrates at increased machine speeds. The die arrangement of this invention provides superior impregnation of viscose during the casing manufacturing stage, ensures smooth surfaces of both the inner and outer casing surfaces and renders the need for double-sided viscosing unnecessary, or undesirable. This new arrangement of viscose die minimizes drag upon impregnating the paper matrix with viscose and during the subsequent crucial period before coagulation of the viscose and its regeneration into cellulose has been completed; so as to permit the casing to be stretched but not irreversibly.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an aqueous dispersion of a sizing agent comprising starch having aromatic groups and an anionic polyelectrolyte, wherein the starch has a total amount of amylose of at least about 22% by weight based on total starch.

Abstract: Cationically modified white pigments (W) in particulate form, essentially consisting of a particulate inorganic white pigment (M) of a particle size in the range of 0, 1 to 40 &mgr;m and an applied water soluble, cationic, crosslinked polymer (PA) containing quaternary ammonium groups in salt form, obtainable by reaction of epichlorohydrin or of epichlorohydrin derivatives or precursors with amines, under conditions leading to at least partial crosslinking, optionally in combination with an anionic optical brightener (B) and where the molar ratio of (B) to (PA) is such that the number of cationic charges of the total polymer (PA) is higher than the number of anionic charges of the total anionic optical brightener (B), are surprisingly useful as cationic white pigments in various fields of technique, especially in papermaking.

Abstract: Method of producing paper having a three-dimensional pattern of alternating raised and recessed portions which is given the paper in connection with impulse drying, at which the wet paper web is passed through at least one press nip (12) comprising a rotatable roll (13) which is heated and that the paper web when passing through the press nip is given a three-dimensional pattern either by means of a pattern wire (11) and/or by the fact that the heated roll (13) is provided with a three-dimensional pattern, and where the wet paper web (10) before entering said press nip (12) is given a basis weight variation in a non-random pattern.

Abstract: A process for making paper comprising forming a cellulosic suspension, flocculating the suspension, draining the suspension on a screen to form a sheet and then drying the sheet, wherein the cellulosic suspension is flocculated by addition of a water soluble polymer which is selected from

Abstract: Absorbent wetlaid paper containing at least 1% by weight, calculated on the dry weight of the paper, of an absorbent polymeric material having a thermo-reversible liquid uptake capacity, which has a cloud point, Cp, in water within the temperature interval 30-60° C., preferably 35-55° C., at which the polymer has a substantially higher liquid uptake capacity at temperatures below said cloud point as compared to at temperatures above the cloud point. The thermo-reversible polymer will then be inactive during the papermaking process and be activated to its swelling and absorbent form when it is brought into contact with a liquid, the temperature of which is below the cloud point, Cp, of the polymer.

Abstract: Application device for a paper machine, a paper machine, a nozzle dampener, and a process for improving the surface of offset paper. The application device includes a plurality of nozzles distributed across a machine width as at least one row of nozzles, such that the plurality of nozzles are oriented to spray a passing paper web. The at least one row of nozzles is adapted for an alternative selective throughput of water and binding agent. The paper machine includes the application device. The nozzle dampener includes a plurality of nozzles distributed across a machine width as at least one row of nozzles, such that the plurality of nozzles are oriented to spray a passing paper web. The at least one row of nozzles are adapted to improve paper properties of offset paper by applying a binding agent onto the passing paper web.

Abstract: Composite products having mineral networks polymerized about cellulosic material and a method for making such products are described. One embodiment of the composite product comprises a paper product having a polymerized mineral network, such as a silica/silicate network around, throughout and/or about the cellulosic material instead of having isolated particles of filler material deposited onto, or purposefully bonded to, the cellulosic material. One embodiment of the method comprises providing a mixture comprising cellulosic material, a Group I metal silicate and a Group II metal base or salt. The mixture is then carbonated to produce a product comprising precipitated carbonate filler material and a polymerized mineral network about the cellulosic material. This product is then formed into paper products wherein the ash content can be substantially greater than conventional paper products while maintaining suitable strength properties.

Abstract: A size composition for the surface sizing of paper, board or other suchlike. The size composition comprises a size fraction which comprises a water-soluble, principal component made up of, for example, starch, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, glucomannan, protein, or mixtures thereof, and a pigment fraction formed by mixing together a mineral material, which in the main comprises talc particles and/or other phyllosilicate particles, and a binder such as a synthetic polymer, latex and/or other corresponding binder. The size composition is prepared by mixing together the said size fraction and pigment fraction.

Abstract: This invention relates to a degraded, inhibited cationic starch for use in papermaking systems, which affords improved physical properties, particularly strength. Additionally these derivatives provide easy-to-prepare alternatives to traditional starches, and can even be added directly to the papermaking process without cooking. While the benefits of these starch compositions can be applied to any type of papermaking method, they are especially useful in high shear, high conductivity and recycle systems.

Abstract: Paper is made by mixing anionic starch, carboxyl methyl cellulose or other polymeric binder into a cellulosic thin stock together with a cationic inorganic or polymeric coagulant and then flocculating the suspension by means of an anionic swelling clay or other anionic retention aid.

Abstract: The ratio of the wet tensile strength to the dry tensile strength of uncreped throughdried tissues and towels can be increased by treating the papermaking pulp with a debonder, a wet strength agent and a dry strength agent. The properties of the resulting product can be manipulated to either provide a product with normal degree of softness (as measured by the machine direction sheet stiffness) and a high wet strength, or a normal degree of wet strength and a higher degree of softness.

Abstract: A modified polysaccharide having enhanced surface charge. The polysaccharide is modified to include a cationic polymer, preferably a polyquaternary amine, and has a surface charge from about +5 to about +20 mV. The modified polysaccharide can be advantageous incorporated into a papermaking furnish with enhanced retention.

Abstract: Starch compositions, including cationic crosslinked starches, and methods of using those starches in papermaking are disclosed. In particular, a cationized crosslinked starch and use of the starch in the wet end system of a paper machine is disclosed. The starch compositions of the disclosure are particularly adapted for customization for specific wet end systems, and allow for modification to correspond to variations in the wet end of the papermaking machine.

Abstract: There is provided a method for flocculating one or more particulate materials present in a dispersion, the method comprising contacting the dispersion with (i) fibrous cationic colloidal alumina microparticles; and (ii) a cationic polymer and/or a non-ionic polymer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a paper quality improver composition for papermaking, which is excellent in improved efficiencies of bulky value, brightness, opacity and the like of pulp sheet, demanded at lightening paper and increasing a blending amount of deinked pulp, even by adding a small amount thereof as well as which is further excellent in an improved efficiency of paper-strength. That is, the present invention provides a paper quality improver composition for papermaking; which comprises (A) a compound having lyotropic degree measured by a specific method of not less than 4% and satisfying at least two of (i) standard improved bulky value of not less than 0.02 g/cm3, (ii) standard improved brightness of not less than 0.5 point, and (iii) standard improved opacity of not less than 0.5 point and (B) a water-soluble polymer satisfying an average molecular weight and/or a viscosity thereof of specific value.

Abstract: A method for preparing a cationic cross-bonding reagent wherein the amount of cross-bonding impurities is determined and a certain quantity of a cross-bonding agent is added. This cationic cross-bonding reagent is used in a process for preparing cationic cross-bonded starches with tailor-made viscosity and excellent viscosity stability. Products with tailor-made viscosity can be used according to their need in specific applications in the wet-end of papermaking.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for preparing a paper web. According to the process a pulp is formed from a fibrous raw material, a web is formed from the pulp and it is dried on a paper machine. According to the invention the pulp is formed from a mechanical pulp produced from a peroxide bleached mechanical wood raw material of the genus Populus, the pH of proportioning of the mechanical pulp being set at 6.8 to 7.2 and the machine pH at 7.1 to 7.5 and the conductivity of the pulp being set at 1000 to 1500 &mgr;S/cm. By using a relatively low pH value and a narrow pH range it is possible to diminish the sensitivity to disturbances of the paper making process. According to the present invention a mechanical aspen pulp can be combined with chemical pulp for preparing base paper of fine paper, whereby the mechanical pulp gives a high conductivity on the machine which improves the stability of the wet end and enhances water removal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions of starch compositions consist of an anionic and a cationic starch wherein at least one o,the starches is waxy. The compositions are surprisingly not resulting in an agglomerated product when cooked. The compositions are used in paper or cardboard preparation. The compositions are cooked and added at the wet end of the paper production process. This results in a high Possible addition level and the use of the size press is abolished. The resulting paper and board are shown to have better characteristics than the paper and board prepared with the same components which have not been mixed prior to addition but which are added separately.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of paper from an aqueous suspension containing cellulosic fibers, and optional fillers, which comprises separately adding to the suspension a cationic organic polymer having one or more aromatic groups and an anionic polymer having one or more aromatic groups, the anionic polymer being selected from step-growth polymers, polysaccharides and naturally occurring aromatic polymers and modifications thereof, forming and draining the suspension on a wire, with the proviso that if the anionic polymer is a step-growth polymer it is not an anionic melamine-sulphonic acid condensation polymer.

Abstract: The present invention refers to an aqueous sizing dispersion comprising a ketene dimer based sizing agent, wherein the sizing agent is obtained by

Abstract: An aqueous dispersion of a sizing agent comprising starch having aromatic groups and a condensed sulfonate, wherein the starch contains less than 95 weight % of amylopectin.

Abstract: The present invention is a through-air-drying process for producing a fibrous web that possesses not only softness and absorbency but also strength. The method of the present invention monitors and controls the overall charge in the headbox.

Abstract: Starch compositions, including cationic crosslinked starches, and methods of using those starches in papermaking are disclosed. In particular, a cationized crosslinked starch and use of the starch in the wet end system of a paper machine is disclosed. The starch compositions of the disclosure are particularly adapted for customization for specific wet end systems, and allow for modification to correspond to variations in the wet end of the papermaking machine.

Abstract: A polyethylene glycol-containing paper is described. The paper includes polyethylene glycol (PEG) having an average molar mass in the range of from about 30,000 to about 50,000. In one embodiment, polyethylene glycol is incorporated into the paper during the paper's formation. In another embodiment, a polyethylene glycol-coated paper is provided. Methods for forming polyethylene glycol-containing papers are also described.

Abstract: Compositions for enhancing the strength and humidity resistance of lignocellulosic fibrous materials such as paper. The compositions are comprised of at least one lignin derivative and a solvent system whereby the solvent system is comprised of water and at least one organic solvent. Suitable lignin derivatives include but are not limited to lignosulfonate, lignosulfonate/kraft lignin, lignosulfonate/organosolv, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A coated roll printing paper for printing with the cold-set offset-printing process is described, which gives a printing result comparable with that of low-weight coated matte grades. The paper is characterized by a high proportion of a fine calcium carbonate in the coating pigment, and a relatively low proportion of highly active binders.

Abstract: Paper having improved retention properties made by the addition to the papermaking system of a combination of cationic starch and starch phosphate, the starch combination having a select net zeta potential.

Abstract: The present invention is a through-air-drying process for producing a fibrous web that possesses not only softness and absorbency but also strength. The method of the present invention monitors and controls the overall charge in the headbox.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersion of a polymer, which polymer has been obtained by subjecting a starting polymer which contains maleic anhydride monomer units and vinyl aromatic monomer units to an imidization reaction, the starting polymer containing 7-50 mole % maleic anhydride monomer units and the imidization reaction having been carried out in such a way that at most 75% of the maleic anhydride monomer units has been imidized.

Abstract: Modified polysaccharides (such as starches, gums, chitosans, celluloses, alginates, sugars, etc.), which are commonly used in the paper industry as strengthening agents, surface sizes, coating binders, emulsifiers and adhesives, can be combined into a single molecule with modified aliphatic hydrocarbons, which are commonly utilized, in conjunction with cationic moieties, as softeners, debonders, lubricants and sizing agents. The resulting molecule is a modified polysaccharide having an aliphatic moiety which can provide several potential benefits, depending on the specific combination employed, including: (a) strength aids that do not impart stiffness; (b) softeners that do not reduce strength; (c) wet strength with improved wet/dry strength ratio; (d) debonders with reduced linting and sloughing; (e) strength aids with controlled absorbency; and (f) surface sizing agents with improved tactile properties.

Abstract: The object of the invention is an additive for paper making by means of which the dusting tendency of paper can be reduced. The agent is based on starch, the molecular size of which has been reduced, and which has been cationized to a charge of less than 1.5 mEkv/g with a quaternary nitrogen compound. The agent is added to the fiber pulp for paper making prior to web formation.

Abstract: A process for the production of paper from an aqueous suspension containing cellulosic fibers, and optional fillers, which comprises draining the suspension to obtain a paper web and subjecting the obtained paper web to impulse pressing by passage through at least one press nip having at least one heated roll which is in contact with the web and heated to a temperature above 100° C., wherein a chemical system comprising a polymer component and micro- or nanoparticles are added to the suspension or the paper web before the paper web passes the press nip of the impulse unit.

Abstract: Absorbent wetlaid paper containing at least 1% by weight, calculated on the dry weight of the paper, of an absorbent polymeric material having a thermo-reversible liquid uptake capacity, which has a cloud point, Cp, in water within the temperature interval 30-60 ° C., preferably 35-55° C., at which the polymer has a substantially higher liquid uptake capacity at temperatures below said cloud point as compared to at temperatures above the cloud point. The thermo-reversible polymer will then be inactive during the papermaking process and be activated to its swelling and absorbent form when it is brought into contact with a liquid, the temperature of which is below the cloud point, Cp, of the polymer.

Abstract: A lightweight, coated web printing paper is described which is suitable for use in the cold-set printing process, which has specific values for water penetration and ink absorption and has gloss values of at least 20% for a smoothness in the range of 200 to 600 sec. Bekk.

Abstract: A printing paper is provided having the appearance of uncoated paper and improved printability properties approaching those of coated papers. Also provided are a surface treatment formulation having a variable viscosity and a method for producing a printing paper having the appearance of uncoated paper and the improved printability properties approaching those of coated papers.

Abstract: A papermaking machine and a method for applying an application medium to a moving web of material in a papermaking machine. The papermaking machine has a wet end section, a press section, a drying section and an applying device for applying a medium to a moving web of material. The wet end section includes a twin wire area having a first wire and a second wire wherein the web of material is formed and positioned between the two wires and separated from the two wires before moving to the press section. At least one wet end section applying device is positioned on one side of at least one of the first wire or the second wire within the twin wire area and facing away from the web of material positioned on the wires. The press section of the papermaking machine has a first press element and at least one press section applying device facing directly toward the web of material.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for derivatizing a malto-oligosaccharide. The method includes the steps of providing the malto-oligosaccharide and derivatizing the malto-oligosaccharide in an aqueous medium with a cationic agent to form a derivatized malto-oligosaccharides. Malto-oligosaccharides having a high DS sufficient to render the derivatized product suitable for use as a trash scavenger are attainable in accordance with the present inventive method. Also disclosed are a method for trash scavenging, a process for preparing a paper web, in which anionic trash is scavenged prior to withdrawing a paper web from a pulp furnish; and a paper web prepared in accordance with the present inventive process.

Abstract: Disclosed are stable, aqueous colloidal silicas having surface area of greater than 700 m2/g and S-values of from 20-50. These colloidal silicas do not require treatment with surface treatment agents such as aluminum to achieve stability. These colloidal silica aquasols can be produced and stored at concentrations of greater than 7 percent by weight SiO2 solids, and even as high as 15 percent by weight solids or higher, and remain stable at room temperature for at least 30 days compared to art-known silica aquasols. These colloidal silica sols demonstrate advantageously improved performance over art-known colloidal silica sols in applications such as in drainage and retention in papermaking processes. Also disclosed are processes for making aqueous colloidal silicas of the invention and the use of such colloidal silicas in papermaking processes.

Abstract: A paper coating comprising a hydrophobically modified starch having an amylose content of less than about 40% by weight. The coating provides the paper product with oil and grease resistant properties.

Abstract: This invention relates to paper comprising aldehyde modified cellulose pulp prepared using nitroxyl radical mediated oxidation and further containing selected additives comprising aldehyde functional polymers or polymers containing functionality capable of reacting with aldehyde groups and having improved strength properties. This invention further relates to paper made from aldehyde modified cellulose pulp where an hydroxyl group containing polymer is added to the paper to provide wet strength properties.

Abstract: The use in papermaking of an amphoteric starch additive which contains a phosphate functional group and is made under anhydrous conditions while in a fluidized state, provides advantageous paper properties and improved wet end performance.

Abstract: The invention comprises a borosilicate retention aid composition and a method for improving the production of paper by addition of the borosilicate. The borosilicate may be utilized in conjunction with a high molecular weight synthetic flocculent and/or starch, with or without the addition of a cationic coagulant. The borosilicate material is preferably a colloidal borosilicate. Methods for the preparation of the borosilicate material are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention comprises a borosilicate retention aid composition and a method for improving the production of paper by addition of the borosilicate. The borosilicate may be utilized in conjunction with a high molecular weight synthetic flocculant and/or starch, with or without the addition of a cationic coagulant. The borosilicate material is preferably a colloidal borosilicate. Methods for the preparation of the borosilicate material are disclosed.