Abstract: A process and an apparatus for the manufacture of SC-A paper having a high gloss and high smoothness, wherein the paper arriving from the paper machine is supplied on-line to a supercalender (multinip soft calendar), and wherein the paper travels through a plurality of nips for achieving the desired gloss and smoothness properties. The paper web arriving from the paper machine and supplied on-line to a supercalender (multinip soft calendar) is moistened with steam immediately prior to the first nip of the supercalender and is guided through the first nip before the increased moisture of the surface resulting from the application of steam has dropped below a predetermined value in the range of 12% to 25%.

Abstract: A tissue sheet is made using a modified wet pressing machine in a modified wet pressing process employing an integrally sealed air press. After initial formation and conventional vacuum dewatering, the wet web is conformed to the surface contour of a relatively coarse fabric to give the web a textured surface. By creating a pressure differential across the web of at least 30 inches of mercury and an air stream through the web of at least 500 SCFM/in2, the air press noncompressively dewaters the wet web to a consistency of about 30 to about 40 percent prior to a heated drying cylinder. The web is dried to substantially preserve its three-dimensional, throughdried-like texture. The process provides a web having an exceptionally high degree of bulk and absorbency not expected in wet-pressed products.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improvement in coatings particularly suited for the preparation of paper products having an ink jet coating applied thereto and to the resulting paper products. The improvement in ink jet coatings resides in the incorporation of a primary amine functional polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH/PVNH2) as a polymeric binder. One form of an amine functional polyvinyl alcohol is produced by the hydrolysis of a copolymer of vinyl acetate and N-vinylformamide or vinyl acetate and allyl amine. Another is the polyvinyl butyral derivative of polyvinyl alcohol which typically is formed by the reaction of a 4-amino alkyl aldehyde dialkyl acetal, such as 4-aminobutyraldehyde dimethyl acetal with polyvinyl alcohol.

Abstract: Process for transferring at least a portion of a running web from a first section of a web making machine includes rotating an endless conveyor belt by driving at least one driven pulley, creating a negative pressure at an inner surface of endless conveyor belt as endless conveyor belt is guided over suction box, and guiding the at least a portion of running web onto endless conveyor belt. Process also includes transferring the at least a portion of the running web from endless conveyor to rope section located outside of a web width, pivoting endless conveyor belt around the pivot axis to move downstream end into an area of rope section one of at and before transferring, and pivoting endless conveyor belt around pivot axis to move downstream end into an area of the at least a portion of running web and inside web width.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for drying a material web. The process includes guiding the material web to at least one heated area, maintaining the material web in uninterrupted contact with the at least one heated area at least until the material web achieves a firmness sufficient for detaching the material web from the heated area. The apparatus includes at least one heated area arranged to receive the material web. The at least one heated area includes a removal zone arranged for the removal of the material web from the at least one heated area. The at least one heated area has a length is sufficient to achieve a sufficient firmness of the material web to be removed in the removal zone.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and arrangement for moistening a substantially dry fiber web and subjecting the moistened web to heat and compression.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for dewatering a fibrous material web. The process includes guiding the fibrous material web through a dewatering zone, and directing a plurality of gas pressure pulses of a pressurized displacement gas one after the other onto a surface of the fibrous material web within the dewatering zone. The apparatus includes a device for forming a plurality of gas pressure pulses which are arranged one after the other within the dewatering zone. The plurality of gas pressure pulses are directed onto a surface of the fibrous material web.

Abstract: An improved process for making sheet from a fibrous furnish includes: depositing the furnish on a foraminous support; compactively dewatering the furnish to form a nascent web; drying the web on a heated cylinder; creping the web therefrom and throughdrying the web to a finished product. The microstructure of the web is controlled so as to facilitate throughdrying. The product exhibits a characteristic throughdrying coefficient of from 4 to 10 when the airflow through the sheet is characterized by a Reynolds Number of less than about 1. The novel products of the invention are characterized by wet springback ratio, hydraulic diameter and an internal bond strength parameter.

Abstract: An improved method and apparatus for imparting a smooth surface to a gypsum fiber panels. The method involves imparting energy to the surface of the slurry as the slurry is dewatered just prior to rehydration. The apparatus used to impart the energy is an air lance including an air source such as a blower, a distribution manifold and a plurality of nozzles to direct the flow of air at the surface of the slurry. In operation, the air lance directs a flow of air against the surface of the slurry. The flow disrupts the slurry to a fraction of its total depth, thus dispersing clumps or flocs of crystals in the depth that would give the surface of the finished panel a rough surface if they were allowed to remain.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new method for producing microcrystalline cellulose using never-dried pulp as the cellulose source.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a paper product which is very flexible, tough when wet, and has a high bulk. In particular, the paper towel has a dry, specific modulus less than 0.0040 kilograms, a bulk greater than 10 cubic centimeters per gram and a wet strength ratio greater than 0.40.

Abstract: A tissue sheet is made using a modified wet pressing process employing an integrally sealed air press. After initial formation and conventional vacuum dewatering, the wet web may be conformed to the surface contour of a relatively coarse fabric to give the web a textured surface. By creating a pressure differential across the web, the air press noncompressively dewaters the wet web to a consistency of about 30 to about 40 percent prior to a heated drying cylinder. The web may be dried to substantially preserve its three-dimensional, throughdried-like texture. The process provides a web having an exceptionally high degree of bulk and absorbency not expected in wet-pressed products.

Abstract: Method of producing an impulse dried paper having a three-dimensional pattern of alternating raised and recessed portions, which have been provided in connection with impulse drying, at which the wet paper web (10) is passed through at least two press nips (12a,b), each comprising a rotatable heated roll (13a,b) which is heated and that the paper web during the passage through the press nips is given a three-dimensional pattern of alternating raised and recessed portions either by means of a patterned wire (11′), -band or belt and/or by a pattern on the heated roll (13a,b).

Abstract: The present invention relates to improvement in a method for estimating a setting value of a dryer steam pressure after papermaking exchange according to simulation in a papermaking machine and an apparatus therefor, where a steam pressure setting value after papermaking exchange is estimated accurately by determining an in-hood air dry-bulb temperature on the basis of a difference between an in-drum steam temperature which has been just measured and an initial value of an in-drum steam temperature, thereby reducing a papermaking exchange time as well as reducing broke and improving the rate of operation.

Abstract: A process for making absorbent sheet includes: (a) depositing an aqueous furnish of cellulosic fiber on a forming fabric; (b) dewatering the wet web to a consistency of from about 15 to about 40 percent; (c) transferring the dewatered web from the forming fabric to another fabric traveling at a speed of from about 10 to about 80 percent slower than the forming fabric; (d) wet-shaping the web on an impression fabric whereby the web is macroscopically rearranged to conform to the surface of the impression fabric; and (e) impingement air drying the web. The process is particularly suitable for making high bulk products form difficult to process furnishes such as recycle furnishes and for making high basis weight products without compressive dewatering with a papermaking felt.

Abstract: Method for regulating a basis weight of a paper or cardboard web in the manufacturing process. The method includes determining a basis weight at an end of the manufacturing process, calculating a deviation of the determined basis weight from a predetermined target value, adjusting a concentration of a material suspension supplied to a headbox via a first control loop such that the calculated deviation is corrected, one of directly and indirectly measuring a basis weight of a resulting web in a region upstream, with regard to a web travel direction, a drying section, and supplying a signal related to the measured basis weight to a second control loop.

Abstract: In the method in moistening of a web, water is applied with a wetting device (2) in a predetermined point on the surface of a paper web (W) or the like passing by the point, and the web is thereafter passed to a calender (C). The liquid is applied at such an early stage that before the surface treatment, the fibres exposed to wetting in the paper web (W) or the like have the time to absorb it at least 80% of the amount of liquid they are capable of absorbing. The distance travelled by the web between the drying section and the calender is increased with rolls (1) which guide the web (W) along a winding path.

Abstract: An apparatus and associated method for drying a wet web of paper comprising a drying section for increasing the dry solids content of a wet web of paper, a cleaning section disposed at least not above the drying section, and a continuous drying fabric forming a loop at least about the drying section and the cleaning section. The fabric receives the web along an upper portion of the loop before the drying section, wherein the web is supported on an upper surface of the fabric. The fabric then transports the web through the drying section in a non-inverting web run to increase the dry solids content of the web before the web is separated from the fabric. Once web is separated from the fabric, the fabric travels through the cleaning section to be cleaned before returning to receive more of the wet paper web thereon.

Abstract: A method for applying a foam to a paper web is provided. Specifically, a foam is first formed from a liquid-based composition and a gas, such as air. Once formed, the foam is applied by a foam applicator to the web. In one embodiment, for example, the foam applicator applies the foam without substantially contacting the web. When applied with the foam, the web typically has a solids consistency less than about 95% by weight of the web. In some embodiments, one or more vacuum slots can be utilized in conjunction with the foam applicator to facilitate uniform application of the foam to the paper web.

Abstract: A process for making absorbent sheet includes: (a) depositing an aqueous furnish of cellulosic fiber on a forming fabric; (b) dewatering the wet web to a consistency of from about 15 to about 40 percent; (c) transferring the dewatered web from the forming fabric to another fabric traveling at a speed of from about 10 to about 80 percent slower than the forming fabric; (d) wet-shaping the web on an impression fabric whereby the web is macroscopically rearranged to conform to the surface of the impression fabric; and (e) impingement air drying the web. The process is particularly suitable for making high bulk products form difficult to process furnishes such as recycle furnishes and for making high basis weight products without compressive dewatering with a papermaking felt.

Abstract: Pulp fibers can be treated with adsorbable chemicals with a minimal amount of unadsorbed chemical additives present later in the papermaking process water. A method for adding an adsorbable chemical to pulp includes mixing pulp fibers that have never been dried with water to form a fiber slurry. An adsorbable chemical additive is added to the fiber slurry. The fiber slurry having the adsorbable chemical additive is transported to a web-forming apparatus where a wet fibrous web is formed. The wet fibrous web may be dried to a predetermined consistency thereby forming a dried fibrous web having from between about 10 to about 100 percent retention of the adsorbable chemical additive. The dried fibrous web is transported to a paper machine where the dried fibrous web is mixed with water to form a wet slurry. In other embodiments, the fiber slurry can be processed to provide crumb fibers or wet lap fibers.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for conditioning a fibrous material. The conditioning arrangement includes a moisturizing chamber having two series of opposed rollers arranged to accept a fiber batt into a pressing space therebetween. The pressing space tapers from a batt entrance toward a batt exit. This tapered configuration is affected for compressing a fiber batt as it is rolled therethrough. As illustrated, before entering the conditioner, the cotton batt has a greater thickness than after compaction and processing through the moisturizing chamber. A moisture infusion assembly is provided within the moisturizing chamber and has an air distributor configured to dispense moisture laden air adjacent to a fiber batt being processed through the pressing space. An air collector is configured to pull exhaust air away from the fiber batt being processed through the pressing space.

Abstract: A method of producing dimensionally stable paper and/or paperboard products by treating a hygroreactive cellulosic fiber matrix with a hydrophobic sizing agent solution; and drying the treated fibers using heat and/or pressure so that the hydrophobic sizing agent penetrates the fiber matrix making it hydrophobic.

Abstract: An improved method and apparatus for imparting a smooth surface to a gypsum fiber panels. The method involves imparting energy to the surface of the slurry as the slurry is dewatered just prior to rehydration. The apparatus used to impart the energy is an air lance including an air source such as a blower, a distribution manifold and a plurality of nozzles to direct the flow of air at the surface of the slurry. In operation, the air lance directs a flow of air against the surface of the slurry. The flow disrupts the slurry to a fraction of its total depth, thus dispersing clumps or flocs of crystals in the depth that would give the surface of the finished panel a rough surface if they were allowed to remain.

Abstract: In a method at the end of the drying section of a paper machine, drying cylinders (1, 2) are arranged in two substantially horizontal cylinder rows, wherein the first drying cylinders (1) are placed substantially higher than the second drying cylinders (2). In the method, the web (W) to be dried is conveyed alternately between the cylinder rows of the drying cylinders (1, 2). Further in the method, the transfer of the web (W) between the drying cylinders (1, 2) is supported by a wire run arrangement, and the web is guided after the last drying cylinder (1, 2) of the drying section (A) by a transfer arrangement in between the rolls of a pair of rolls in the calender section (B) of the paper machine.

Abstract: A paper web is smoothened by passing the web through a pre-calender device on a paper machine before the application of a coating. The pre-calender device comprises at least one pair of steel rolls, one of which is heated, and a liquid application device which applies a thin film of water to the surface of the web which contacts the heated roll before the web enters the nip between the rolls. The web is then dried after exiting the nip either by wrapping the heated roll and/or by applying heat externally to the web.

Abstract: An arrangement for improving the beginning of the drying section joined to a closed web transfer between the press section and the drying section in a paper machine. In order to achieve less fouling of the drying cylinder, that is, less formation of fluff, to achieve easier doctorability and better doctoring tolerance of the drying cylinder surface in the drying section, the surface of at least the first drying cylinder in the drying section has a coating which includes a thin preferably hard layer of ceramic material and/or metal ceramic and/or metal, to which the web will adhere weakly, and/or another softer material, to which the web will adhere weakly, is absorbed into the drying cylinder surface, whereby separation of the web from the surface of the drying cylinder is improved.

Abstract: Apparatus for transferring at least a portion of a running web from a first section of a web making machine to a second section of the web making machine includes at least two pulleys, in which at least one is a driven pulley, a suction box coupled to a vacuum source, an air-pervious endless conveyor belt tensioned over the at least two pulleys to form a conveying run and a return run, and a device for creating a negative pressure at an inner surface of the conveying run. The at least one driven pulley is adapted to drive the endless conveyor belt over the at least two pulleys while the negative pressure propagates through the conveying run. The endless conveyor belt includes an upstream and a downstream end and the endless conveyor belt is pivotable around a pivot axis located in a region of the upstream end. The endless conveyor belt is pivotable to move the portion of the running web between the rope section and the portion is adapted to receive a full width of the running web.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing paper or board, according to which the paper or board web is transferred continuously supported through a drying section of a paper or cardboard machine and both sides of the web are treated with a treating agent on a long nip applicator included with the drying section of the machine. The web is transferred from the last press nip of the press section to the first dryer of the dryer section with a continuous loop-like support member, for example, by a transfer belt, transfer felt or one of the press felts of the press section. The web is advantageously dried in the drying section with a blow unit on a porous drying felt by blowing hot air on the web with impingement dryers, and the drying felt may be cooled.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for coating a moving web of paper or board from on sides with at least one coat layer. The coat is applied to the web by means of a film transfer coater (12) and next the web is passed to a dryer cylinder group (4) via an air-cushion cylinder (18) supported by a wire (14), whereby the web can run fully supported all the way from its entry to the coater up to the winder. The apparatus further comprises a belt calender (8) and a belt-supported winder (9), whereby the web is thus supported over its entire passage in the machinery from the unwinder or paper machine up to winding.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of making an ultra soft, multi-ply tissue from non-premium furnish using wet press technology and the product produced thereby.

Abstract: A method and apparatus effect drying of a paper web using a plurality of heated drying cylinders and at least one air impingement module having a hood. The paper web is brought into operative contact with the heated drying cylinders, and at least one of the final moisture content, quality, and cross-direction profile of the paper web is regulated. The regulation is effected by adjusting the efficiency of air impingement drying of the paper web, by adjusting at least one of the blowing velocity of the medium (typically air) blown against the paper web, the humidity of the blowing medium, and the distance of the hood of the impingement module from the paper web. At least one of the final moisture content of the paper web and its quality may also be regulated by adjusting the steam pressure of one or more drying cylinder groups.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for drying a fiber web, in which the fiber web is dried between two tight bands moving in the same direction and turning around turning rolls. The first band is heated and the second band is cooled by a cooling chamber. The cooling chamber includes at least one cooling element and the cooling element includes at least one inlet chamber and at least one outlet chamber. The fiber web is arranged to run through a drying zone, with at least one felt or wire, such that the fiber web is in contact with the surface of the first, heated band and the felt or wire is between the fiber web and the second, cooled band. The pressure of the cooling element is balanced by a pressure balancing means, and the second band is provided with a hydraulic bearing for allowing the band to slide evenly and with little friction on the cooling chamber.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for moistening a web-shaped material, wherein the moistening device is designed as a device for mobile use, and wherein the web-shaped material can be laterally pushed into the moistening device.

Abstract: An uncreped tissue sheet having improved softness results from supplementally dewatering a wet web to a consistency of greater than about 30 percent using noncompressive dewatering techniques prior to a differential speed transfer and subsequent throughdrying. An air press particularly well suited for providing the supplemental noncompressive dewatering incorporates side and/or end seals to minimize escape of pressurized fluid. A creped tissue sheet can be produced with a variety of manufacturing benefits using the air press.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved method of treating paper products in order to enhance various properties thereof, and more specifically, including the step of treating the paper with superheated steam. In a method of treating paper during a papermaking process from wood pulp, the step of drying the paper in superheated steam in order to improve certain physical characteristics.

Abstract: Drying end of a machine for the production of a material web such as paper or cardboard. The drying end includes at least one impact flow drier configured to bombard at least one surface of the material web with hot air or hot steam impact flow. Also provided is a method for drying a material web including bombarding the material web on at least one surface with hot air or hot steam impact flow, via at least one impact flow drier.

Abstract: A device for conveying and guiding a lead-in strip in a paper machine which includes a conveyor formed of an air permeable material, the conveyor having a run with opposed faces on respective sides. The lead-in strip is conveyed on a first face on a first side of the run. The device also includes a foil rib located on a second side of the run of the conveyor. The foil rib includes a foil head for producing a vacuum effect on an outlet side of the foil head in the direction of movement of the run.

Abstract: A paperboard product having at least one layer of bleached or semi-bleached pulp and having improved smoothness and reduced bulk loss. For paperboard having sizing without pigment, the smoothness on the printed side as measured by the Parker test is better (lower) than 6.5 when measured using a pressure of 10 kgf/cm2 while the smoothness measured by the Hagerty/Sheffield test is not below 280 Sheffield units. For paperboard having sizing with pigment, the Parker smoothness is less than 5.0 and the Hagerty/Sheffield smoothness is not less than 180 Sheffield units. The web is finished by applying temperature and moisture gradients to the web and then smoothing the web surface using extended nip calendering. The surface of the calendering roll is maintained at a temperature of 250-400° F. Prior to entering the extended nip, the web surface is moisturized using steam showers. The nipload applied in the heated extended nip is preferably in the range of 300 to 2,500 pli.

Abstract: A method of producing dimensionally stable paper and/or paperboard products by treating a hygroreactive cellulosic fiber matrix with a hydrophobic sizing agent solution; and drying the treated fibers using heat and/or pressure so that the hydrophobic sizing agent penetrates the fiber matrix making it hydrophobic.

Abstract: A calendering method which enhances the smoothness of surface sized paper/paperboard by a combination of temperature and moisture gradient calendering processes without the fiber sticking/picking problems that affect runnability and without using waterboxes. The moisture gradient calendering is performed so that the cross direction moisture profile can be corrected and high smoothness levels can be obtained. Heated calender rolls form a hot pressure nip having a temperature greater than the temperature of the moisturized web. Lubricant is applied to both sides of the web to prevent fiber sticking/picking in the hot nip. The lubricant may be applied by the size press, by the moisturizing showers or by separate lubricant showers. The smoothness developed by moisturizing and hot nip calendering is substantially irreversible.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for applying steam from a steam source to a moving web are provided. The preferred apparatus for carrying out the method comprises a housing having a leading edge and a trailing edge positionable adjacent the moving web. A main supply header within the housing communicates with the steam source. There is at least one steam chamber formed adjacent the leading edge of the housing to receive steam from the main supply header to apply heat and moisture to the web. A steam flow valve associated with the steam chamber controls the flow of steam from the main supply header to the steam chamber. There is at least one cooling chamber adjacent the trailing edge of the housing to lower the temperature of the web to a level sufficient to perform calendering.

Abstract: The process is used for the production of high-quality glazed paper and includes the three process sections, stock preparation (1), paper formation (2), and glazing (3). According to the invention, the paper fibers used in the performance of the process are subjected to fiber loading, such that substances which reduce the compressibility of the fibers are incorporated in the cavities of the fibers. In combination with the glazing process (3), a paper with particularly high optical quality can then be produced.

Abstract: The specification discloses embodiments of a process and related apparatus for conditioning a fibrous web in order to improve the efficiency of drying and calendering thereof. In the process, a moving fibrous web is conditioned after the drier unit of a papermaking machine by applying a flow of moistened gas through one or more arrays of radial jet reattachment nozzles placed in close proximity to the web surface prior to a calendering unit or prior to a steaming unit placed between the nozzles and the calender unit to cool the web and/or increase its moisture content. Webs treated according to the invention exhibit improved properties including less moisture streaking, enhanced smoothness and avoidance of optical property loss.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of SC-A paper having a high gloss and high smoothness, wherein the paper arriving from the paper machine is supplied on-line to a supercalender (multinip soft calender), and wherein the paper travels through a plurality of nips for achieving the desired gloss and smoothness properties. The paper web arriving from the paper machine and supplied on-line to a supercalender (multinip soft calender) is moistened with steam immediately prior to the first nip of the supercalender and is guided through the first nip before the increased moisture of the surface resulting from the application of steam has dropped below a predetermined value in the range of 12% to 25%.

Abstract: A method and apparatus achieve a more sustainable lift of a wet or heavy pulp web from a pulp machine to the topmost drying level of a pulp drying, allowing the speed of production to be increased and runnability problems to be minimized. The pulp web is lifted from the last press of the pulp machine to the topmost of the drying levels of the pulp dryer by supporting the web on a support wire. The pulp may be passed through the topmost drying level, and one or two other levels, also supported by a support wire, but in subsequent levels the pulp web is preferably supported only by an air cushion. In each level drying gas is blown toward the pulp web (preferably from both above and below the web) to effect drying, and the web passes around turning rolls between each drying level to enter the next, lower, drying level. The support wire may be of metal or plastic, and has a texture significantly coarser than the texture of wires commonly used in pulp machines.

Abstract: An air press for noncompressively dewatering a wet web to consistency levels not previously thought possible at industrially useful speeds without thermal dewatering.

Abstract: A method in a paper machine for transferring a paper web from a wet wire in a former section to a pick-up fabric or an equivalent transfer fabric of a press section, including the steps of forming a pick-up point on the wet wire and separating an edge strip from at least one edge of the web prior to the pick-up point by means of at least one cutting device. The method further includes separating the web from the wet wire and passing the web onto the pick-up fabric at the pick-up point. The method also includes applying a pressure difference to the at least one edge strip through the wet wire or the pick-up fabric at or after the pick-up point to cause the at least one edge strip to either follow the wet wire or become separated from the pick-up fabric after the pick-up point and to be placed in a broke system arranged beneath the paper machine.

Abstract: The invention relates to of a process and related apparatus for conditioning a fibrous web in order to improve the efficiency of drying and calendering thereof. In the process, a moving fibrous web is conditioned after the drier unit of a papermaking machine by applying a flow of moistened gas through one or more arrays of radial jet reattachment nozzles placed in close proximity to the web surface prior to a calendering unit or prior to a steaming unit placed between the nozzles and the calender unit to cool the web and/or increase its moisture content. Webs treated according to the invention exhibit improved properties including less moisture streaking, enhanced smoothness and avoidance of optical property loss.

Abstract: A calender hood for a paper machine having a dryer section and a calender section the hood extending along a portion of the paper path from the dryer section through the calender section to restrict movement of the ambient air into the region between the surface of the paper sheet and the calender hood and thereby reduce heat losses to the ambient air by the paper sheet.